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Objective Materials and Methods Results Conclusion Determine the saliva and serum levels of neopterin (NP) and 7,8‐dihydroneopterin (7,8NP) in periodontitis patients and to reveal the relationship of these data with clinical periodontal parameters.Twenty‐three patients with stage III/grade B periodontitis and 23 periodontally healthy individuals were included. Clinical periodontal measurements were recorded (plaque index, pocket depth, clinical attachment loss & bleeding on probing). Saliva and serum levels of NP and 7,8NP were analyzed by high‐performance liquid chromatography.Saliva NP, 7,8NP and Total Neopterin (TNP) levels were significantly elevated in the periodontitis than the control group (p < 0.001).ROC analyses of saliva NP, 7,8NP and TNP yielded areas under the curves of 0.873–0.938 for discriminating periodontitis from health, and saliva TNP was found the most accurate biomarker (AUC = 0.938).There was no significant difference among the periodontitis and control groups for saliva TNP/NP and TNP/7,8NP ratios and serum NP, 7,8NP and TNP levels (p > 0.05).Increased saliva TNP, NP and 7,8NP levels in periodontitis may suggest these biomarkers are regulating immune activation and oxidative stress mechanism in periodontal inflammation. Additionally, together with these results, equivalence of the TNP/NP ratio in intergroups may suggest that the effects of immune activation and oxidative stress mechanisms are equal in the periodontitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), including hypertensive LVH, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and cardiac amyloidosis (CA), is a commonly encountered condition in cardiology practice, presenting challenges in differential diagnosis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the importance of echocardiographic evaluation of the inferior vena cava (IVC) in distinguishing LVH subtypes including hypertensive LVH, HCM, and CA. Methods: In this retrospective study, patients with common causes of LVH including hypertensive LVH, HCM, and CA were included. The role of echocardiographic evaluation of IVC diameter and collapsibility in distinguishing these causes of LVH was assessed in conjunction with other echocardiographic, clinical, and imaging methods. Results: A total of 211 patients (45% HCM, 43% hypertensive heart disease, and 12% CA) were included in our study. Their mean age was 56.6 years and 62% of them were male. While mean IVC diameter was significantly dilated in CA patients (13.4 mm in hypertensive LVH, 16.0 mm in HCM, and 21.1 mm in CA, p <.001), its collapsibility was reduced (IVC collapsible in 95% of hypertensive patients, 72% of HCM patients, and 12% of CA patients, p <.001). In the analysis of diagnostic probabilities, the presence of both hypovoltage and IVC dilation is significant for CA patients. Although it is not statistically significant, the presence of IVC dilation along with atrial fibrillation supports the diagnosis of HCM. Conclusion: In conclusion, although advances in imaging techniques facilitate the diagnosis of LVH, simple echocardiographic methods should never be overlooked. Our study supports the notion that IVC assessment could play an important role in the differential diagnosis of LVH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Aim Study design Results Conclusion Relevance to Clinical Practice Skin injuries, which are more prevalent among premature infants, can prolong the hospital stay of preterms in neonatal intensive care units.This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of breast milk in reducing the healing time of skin injuries caused using medical adhesive for securing peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVCs) in late preterm infants, which was evaluated using the Neonatal Skin Condition Scale (NSCS). A randomized controlled trial was conducted with two parallel groups in a 1:1 allocation ratio.It was conducted in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a hospital in Karaman, Turkey between August and November 2022 with 72 preterm infants born at 35–36 weeks with stable health status and having intravenous catheter securement to the skin with medical adhesive tapes, with the tapes remaining on the skin for a minimum of 24 h and a maximum of 32 h. Preterm infants were randomly assigned to breast milk or routine care groups. The site of the skin injuries was evaluated by two independent observers using the NSCS once every 60 min until the injury was completely healed. A one‐way ANOVA and repeated measures analysis of variance was used to analyse the data.The average postnatal age was 3.32 ± 0.99 days, and the total duration of medical adhesive tape on the skin was 28.21 ± 2.59 h. A significant difference was found between the mean skin condition scale scores of the infants in the breast milk group (F = 117.219, p < .001) and the routine care group (F = 122.247, p < .001) according to time within the group. The skin injuries of preterm infants in the breast milk group decreased significantly in the first 3 h after the procedure.Breast milk application was more effective than routine care in reducing the healing time of skin injuries.It can be recommended to use breast milk to heal skin injuries in preterm infants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the investigation of damage caused by a spherical steel projectile on the polycarbonate (PC) panels has been undertaken both numerically and experimentally. The material properties are obtained from both static and dynamic tests. High‐velocity impact experiments are performed using a pressure‐based projectile launching system. The effect of panel curvatures and impact locations on the deformation are investigated experimentally. The impact locations are selected as both at the plate center and near the edge of the plate. A validation study is performed by analyzing the impact response of a PC plate as previously presented in the literature and subsequently comparing it with the results obtained. An analysis of the impact behavior of PC panels is carried out through numerical simulations using finite element program (LS‐DYNA). The effect of boundary conditions on the impact response is also investigated numerically. Plastic strains, von Mises stresses, dent depth, and energy absorption are obtained. It is indicated by the results that the deformation behavior of PC panels exhibits a strain rate dependence. Additionally, the deformation behavior is influenced by panel curvatures and boundary conditions, emphasizing the necessity to consider these factors in the design of structures, such as canopies made of PC panels. Highlights: Provides a comprehensive understanding of polycarbonate behavior.Emphasizes the influence of impact locations and panel curvatures.Dent depth and stress rise with panel curvature, crucial for design considerations.Emphasizes the significance of strain rate and boundary condition in design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High specific impact strength and stiffness are demanded in various applications, leading to the widespread utilization of fiber‐reinforced polymers. Synthetic fiber‐reinforced polymers have been used to meet these engineering requirements. However, the current popularity of biocomposites arises from their environmental friendliness, ease of availability, and affordability, making them a favored alternative to synthetic‐based fiber‐reinforced polymers. An assessment must be conducted to determine whether biocomposites can replace their synthetic fiber counterparts, necessitating a thorough investigation into their impact behavior. This study aims to unveil the impact performance of hybrid biocomposites made from unidirectional prepregs comprising flax/polypropylene fibers and nonwoven mats composed of hemp/polypropylene fibers. The impact performance of hybrid biocomposites has also been studied concerning the number of layers and stacking sequence. Eight different designs of biocomposite plates are manufactured through compression molding and subsequently subjected to high‐velocity impact tests. Additionally, numerical simulation using the FEM is utilized to model and analyze the impact behavior of one specimen. The test results indicate that each design possesses unique characteristics and impact behaviors differ. Highlights: Adding prepreg significantly improved mechanical performance in the biocomposites.Performance enhancement varies depending on the stacking sequence.Adding multiple layers of UD prepregs enhances mat impact performance.Numerical simulations validate the Tsai‐Wu criterion for impact testing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is driven by pathologies associated with increased metabolism such as pulmonary revascularization, vasoconstriction and smooth muscle cell proliferation in pulmonary artery wall. 18‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18FDG‐PET) is an imaging technique sensitive to glucose metabolism and might be considered as a non‐invasive method for diagnosis due to significant role of inflammation in idiopathic pulmonary artery hypertension (IPAH) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). The present study aimed to investigate the role of PET/CT imaging of patients with IPAH and CTEPH as an alternative diagnosis method. Demographic characteristics, FDG uptake in lungs, pulmonary artery and right ventricle (RV) of 17 patients (10 IPAH, 7 CTEPH), and 30 controls were evaluated. PET scanning, 6‐min walk test, pro‐BNP level, right heart catheterization of patients were performed both at the onsert and after 6‐month PAH specific treatment. IPAH and CTEPH patients had significantly higher left lung FDG (p = 0.006), right lung FDG (p = 0.004), right atrial (RA) FDG (p < 0.001) and RV FDG (p < 0.001) uptakes than controls. Positive correlation was detected between the RV FDG uptake and the mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) (r = 0.7, p = 0.012) and between the RA FDG uptake and the right atrial pressure (RAP) (r = 0.5, p = 0.02). Increased RV FDG and RA FDG uptakes predicts the presence of pulmonary hypertension and correlates with mPAP and RAP, respectively, which are important indicators in the prognosis of PAH. Further studies are required whether FDG PET imaging can be used to diagnose or predict the prognosis of pulmonary hypertension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: This study investigated the relationship between ultrafiltration (UF) volume and pruritus severity based on the idea that skin perfusion and inflammatory changes occur in dialysis patients with high UF volume. Materials and Methods: This observational study included 392 patients. Patients filled out the Numerical Rating Scale, Verbal Rating Scale, and Visual Analogue Scale, showing the severity of pruritis. UF volumes in the last 12 sessions were recorded and averaged. Results: The rate of patients with pruritis was between 59.4% and 67.5% in the three scales. In three pruritis scales, the severity of pruritis, age, body mass index (BMI), UF volume, and UF volume/body weight ratio were positively correlated. UF volume/body weight ratio, age, and BMI were independent predictors of pruritis severity. Conclusion: Limiting interdialytic weight gain may be an important treatment approach in pruritus control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: We aimed to evaluate the relationship between the hand fine motor skills of peritoneal dialysis (PD) practitioners and PD‐related peritonitis. Methods: This multicenter prospective observational study was conducted with 120 incident PD patients. Patients were divided into two groups who had PD‐related peritonitis within the first year as Group 1, and those who did not as Group 2. Hand fine motor skills were evaluated by Nine‐Hole Peg Test (NHPT) and Nut Screwing Test (NST). Results: Initial NHPT (28.5 ± 6.0 s vs. 25.8 ± 5.0 s, p = 0.011) and NST (82.3 (61.5–102.8) s versus 65.3 (52.3–88.5) s p = 0.023) scores were significantly higher in Group 1 than Group 2. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, NHPT, Body Mass Index, Mini‐Mental Test, self PD practitioner, and catheter complications were found to be independent variables in predicting PD‐related peritonitis. Conclusion: Decreased hand fine motor skills of PD patients is a risk factor for peritonitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessory chordae tendineae is an extremely rare anomaly. In this case report, we described a 61‐year‐old female patient newly diagnosed with the combination of an accessory mitral valve chordae extending from left atrium which is an extremely rare congenital anomaly and a bicuspid aortic valve. In our patient, three‐dimensional echocardiography showed incremental value over two‐dimensional echocardiography in the assessment of the exact localization and the extend of accessory chordea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Increased venous thrombosis and arterial embolism rates are observed in the general population during or after COVID‐19. Data regarding the kidney transplant population are scarce. In this study, we aim to investigate the thrombotic complications and risk factors associated with thrombotic complications in kidney transplant patients. Methods: This retrospective observational study included adult kidney transplant recipients diagnosed with COVID‐19 between March 2020 and June 2022. The endpoint was the occurrence of thromboembolic events. Results: Four hundred and sixty‐nine patients were followed for a median of 10.8 months after COVID‐19. Forty patients (8.5%) died. Thromboembolic complications developed in 51 (11.9%) of the surviving patients. Twenty‐four patients with thromboembolic events were receiving prophylactic anticoagulation before the event. The patients with mild, moderate, and severe COVID‐19 were 292, 129, and 48, respectively. Patients with moderate COVID‐19 had a significantly higher percentage of thromboembolic complications than patients with mild COVID‐19. Older age, prior heart disease, and moderate COVID‐19 were significantly associated with thromboembolic events. The incidence of thromboembolic events after COVID‐19 is 10.9 per 100 patient‐year. Conclusion: Thromboembolic complications were observed at increased rates in kidney transplant recipients after COVID‐19. Therefore, prospective and cohort studies for post‐COVID‐19 complications regarding the treatment modalities are urgently needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Population stratification (PS) is a major source of confounding in population‐based genetic association studies of quantitative traits. Principal component regression (PCR) and linear mixed model (LMM) are two commonly used approaches to account for PS in association studies. Previous studies have shown that LMM can be interpreted as including all principal components (PCs) as random‐effect covariates. However, including all PCs in LMM may dilute the influence of relevant PCs in some scenarios, while including only a few preselected PCs in PCR may fail to fully capture the genetic diversity. Materials and methods: To address these shortcomings, we introduce Bayestrat—a method to detect associated variants with PS correction under the Bayesian LASSO framework. To adjust for PS, Bayestrat accommodates a large number of PCs and utilizes appropriate shrinkage priors to shrink the effects of nonassociated PCs. Results: Simulation results show that Bayestrat consistently controls type I error rates and achieves higher power compared to its non‐shrinkage counterparts, especially when the number of PCs included in the model is large. As a demonstration of the utility of Bayestrat, we apply it to the Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Variants and genes associated with serum triglyceride or HDL cholesterol are identified in our analyses. Discussion: The automatic and self‐selection features of Bayestrat make it particularly suited in situations with complex underlying PS scenarios, where it is unknown a priori which PCs are potential confounders, yet the number that needs to be considered could be large in order to fully account for PS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The mechanism underlying endometriosis‐related pain remains poorly understood. Previous studies have indicated that γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) type A (GABAA) receptors and GABAergic substances (eg endogenous neurosteroids) play important mechanistic roles in various pain conditions. Our primary objective was to compare GABAA receptor function between women with endometriosis and healthy controls by performing a challenge test with diazepam, a GABAA receptor agonist, using the saccadic eye velocity as the main outcome. The secondary objective was to investigate the relation between GABAA receptor function and serum levels of allopregnanolone, an endogenous positive modulator of the GABAA receptor, in the participating women. Material and methods: 15 women with pelvic pain and laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis and 10 healthy, symptom‐free, control women, aged 18–40 years, underwent the diazepam challenge test during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. Basal serum allopregnanolone levels were measured prior to diazepam injection. Results: Compared with healthy controls, women with pelvic pain and confirmed endometriosis had a significantly smaller change in saccadic eye velocity after GABAA receptor stimulation with diazepam, indicating lower sensitivity to diazepam. The saccadic eye velocity response was not correlated with the serum allopregnanolone levels. Conclusions: Women with painful endometriosis show altered GABAA receptor function, depicted as a muted response to an exogenous GABAA receptor agonist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The relationship between vitamin D and cognitive status remains controversial. We aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamin D replacement on cognitive functions in healthy and cognitively intact vitamin D deficient older females. Methods: This study was designed as a prospective interventional study. A total of 30 female adults aged ≥60 with a serum 25 (OH) vitamin D level of <10 ng/ml were included. Participants were administered 50 000 IU vitamin D3 weekly for 8 weeks followed by a maintenance therapy of 1000 U/day. Detailed neuropsychological assessment was performed prior to vitamin D replacement and repeated at 6 months by the same psychologist. Results: Mean age was 63 ± 6.7 years and baseline vitamin D level was 7.8 ± 2.0 (range: 3.5–10.3) ng/ml. At 6 months, vitamin D level was 32.5 ± 3.4 (32.2–55) ng/ml. The Judgement of Line Orientation Test (P = 0.04), inaccurate word memorizing of the Verbal Memory Processes Test (P = 0.02), perseveration scores of the Verbal Memory Processes Test (P = 0.005), topographical accuracy of the Warrington Recognition Memory Test (P = 0.002), and the spontaneous self‐correction of an error in the Boston Naming Test (P = 0.003) scores increased significantly, while the delayed recall score in the Verbal Memory Processes Test (P = 0.03), incorrect naming of words in the Boston Naming Test (P = 0.04), interference time of the Stroop Test (P = 0.05), and spontaneous corrections of the Stroop Test (P = 0.02) scores decreased significantly from baseline. Conclusion: Vitamin D replacement has a positive effect on cognitive domains related to visuospatial, executive, and memory processing functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The prevalence of cognitive dysfunction, dementia, and neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) is increasing in parallel with an aging population. Distinct types of chronic stress are thought to be instrumental in the development of cognitive impairment in central nervous system (CNS) disorders where cognitive impairment is a major unmet medical need. Increased GABAergic tone is a mediator of stress effects but is also a result of other factors in CNS disorders. Positive GABA‐A receptor modulating stress and sex steroids (steroid‐PAMs) such as allopregnanolone (ALLO) and medroxyprogesterone acetate can provoke impaired cognition. As such, ALLO impairs memory and learning in both animals and humans. In transgenic AD animal studies, continuous exposure to ALLO at physiological levels impairs cognition and increases degenerative AD pathology, whereas intermittent ALLO injections enhance cognition, indicating pleiotropic functions of ALLO. We have shown that GABA‐A receptor modulating steroid antagonists (GAMSAs) can block the acute negative cognitive impairment of ALLO on memory in animal studies and in patients with cognitive impairment due to hepatic encephalopathy. Here we describe disorders affected by steroid‐PAMs and opportunities to treat these adverse effects of steroid‐PAMs with novel GAMSAs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

5‐Fluorouracil (5‐FU) is a fluoropyrimidine group antineoplastic drug with antimetabolite properties and ovotoxicity is one of the most important side effects. Silibinin (SLB) is a natural compound that is used worldwide and stands out with its antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of SLB in 5‐FU‐induced ovototoxicity using biochemical and histological analysis. This study was carried out in five main groups containing six rats in each group: control, SLB (5 mg/kg), 5‐FU (100 mg/kg), 5‐FU + SLB (2.5 mg/kg), and 5‐FU + SLB (5 mg/kg). The levels of ovarian malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), 8‐hydroxy‐2′‐deoxyguanosine (8‐OHdG), tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and caspase‐3 were determined using spectrophotometric methods. Hematoxylin and eosin staining method was employed for histopathological examination. MDA, TOS, 8‐OHdG, TNF‐α, MPO, and caspase‐3 levels in 5‐FU group were significantly increased compared with the control group, while the levels of TAS, SOD, and CAT were decreased (p < 0.05). SLB treatments statistically significantly restored this damage in a dose‐dependent manner (p < 0.05). Although vascular congestion, edema, hemorrhage, follicular degeneration, and leukocyte infiltration were significantly higher in the 5‐FU group compared with the control group, SLB treatments also statistically significantly restored these damages (p < 0.05). In conclusion, SLB has a therapeutic effect on the ovarian damage induced by 5‐FU via decreasing the levels of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. It may be helpful to consider the usefulness of SLB as an adjuvant therapy to counteract the side effects of chemotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fiber‐reinforced polymers are widely used in many applications where high specific strength and high specific stiffness are required. Biocomposites have replaced synthetic‐based fiber‐reinforced polymers as a preferred option due to their environmental friendliness, ease of supply, and affordability. Comparable strength synthetic‐fiber‐reinforced polymers and biocomposites both have lower specific weights. This study aims to characterize hybrid biocomposites produced from unidirectional prepregs made of flax/polypropylene fibers and nonwoven mats made of hemp/polypropylene fibers. Research has also been conducted on how the number of layers and the stacking sequence affect the mechanical performance of hybrid biocomposites. Three different designs of biocomposite plates have been produced using compression molding. They were then subjected to tensile, compressive, shear, bending, Charpy impact, and drop‐weight impact tests. According to the test results, it is found that each design has its own characteristics, and the characterized static and dynamic behaviors are very different from each other. Therefore, each biocomposite mentioned here may be a good candidate for engineering design based on the given engineering design criteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: We compared the outcomes associated with plasma exchange (PE), double filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP), or immunoadsorption (IA) in the treatment of late antibody mediated rejection (AMR). Methods: Sixty‐nine kidney transplantation (KTx) recipients with late AMR were retrospectively categorized according to management with PE (n = 30), DFPP (n = 22) or IA (n = 17). Allograft loss was compared across treatment groups by Kaplan–Meier analysis and Cox regression. Results: Study groups were similar regarding age, sex, donor type, kidney function, donor specific antibodies, and post‐KTx follow‐up time. Five‐year graft survival trended higher with IA (70.6%) compared to PE (36.7%) and DFPP (27.3%) (p = 0.06). In multivariate Cox regression, baseline eGFR (HR per ml/min/1.73 m2 [95% CI]; 0.96 [0.94–0.99]), rituximab use (HR [95% CI]; 0.42 [0.21–0.84]), interstitial inflammation (i) (HR [95% CI]; 2.05 [1.13–3.69]), and transplant glomerulopathy (cg) (HR [95% CI]; 1.46 [1.13–1.87]) were associated with graft loss. Conclusion: These results motivate the need for continued assessment of rituximab and plasmapheresis in larger studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Patients who were urgent start peritoneal dialysis (USPD) were evaluated in terms of complications. Methods: The data from 102 patients (43 males and 59 females, mean age 58.18 ± 15.3 years) who were on peritoneal dialysis with a placed catheter between January 2014 and June 2019 in our Nephrology clinic was evaluated. The patients were divided into three groups according to the starting time of peritoneal dialysis. The development of complications between the groups (peritonitis, leakage, hernia), hemodialysis return time and overall survival times were compared. Results: There was no difference between the groups in terms of survival and complications. Diabetes, advanced age, albumin values were found to be risk factors for mortality, while no differences were found between the groups in terms of complications and mortality. Conclusion: USPD can be recommended for both because it provides a permanent dialysis option and because it leads to fewer complications than urgent start HD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: It has been proven that there is an increase in intestinal permeability in some autoimmune diseases. In our study, we purposed to assess intestinal permeability in vitiligo disease by looking at zonulin levels. At the same time, we aimed to examine the correlation of inflammatory cytokines and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels with zonulin. Methods: Forty‐one patients and 41 healthy participants were involved in our study. Blood samples were taken from all patients and controls, and the levels of zonulin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, interleukin (IL)‐6 and LPS were examined. Results: The mean of zonulin in the patient group was found to be statistically higher than the control group (p < 0.05). A positive correlation was found between zonulin level and IL‐6, TNF‐α, and LPS levels (p < 0.05). TNF‐α and LPS levels in the vitiligo group were significantly higher than in the control group, but there was no such significance in terms of IL‐6 levels. Conclusion: We think that serum zonulin level increases and intestinal permeability increases in vitiligo disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Key Clinical Message: Arteriovenous malformations (AVM) are extremely rare on the face and especially on the lip. Lip can be more easily exposed to traumas due to their anatomical location. Especially superficial AV malformations are very susceptible to trauma and can bleed very seriously after being exposed to such effects. AVMs management generally based on their hemodynamic characteristics and growth modalities. The surgical treatment requires elaborate planning and multidisciplinary approach. When evaluating a mass with a clinical manifestation of lip swelling, ruling out a vascular anomaly before any intervention is also crucial. Arteriovenous malformations (AVM) are abnormal fistulas between an artery and a vein, without an intervening capillary bed. AVM may occur everywhere in the body, with the brain being of particular concern, as AVM can be complicated by bleeding. Herein, we present the case of a patient with a very atypical AVM location consisting of a lip mass. Given the possibility of hemorrhage and airway obstruction, early detection and timely intervention are mandatory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disease of unknown pathogenesis. TWEAK and TRAIL are two cytokines thought to have a role in the pathogenesis of some inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Aims: The purpose of this study was to examine TWEAK and TRAIL serum levels and oxidative stress markers in patients with rosacea. Material and Method: Forty rosacea patients and 40 sex‐ and age‐matched healthy controls were involved in the study. Serum TWEAK and TRAIL levels were evaluated with ELISA kits. Serum total antioxidant status, total oxidant status, total thiol, native thiol, disulfide levels were evaluated, and oxidative stress index was computed. Results: Serum levels of TWEAK, TRAIL, and oxidative stress markers did not differ statistically in the patients and controls. Both TWEAK and TRAIL levels in the patients were detected to be statistically higher in male than in female. Conclusion: TWEAK and TRAIL may not have a systemic effect in rosacea, unlike other inflammatory diseases. More studies are needed to investigate the role of TWEAK and TRAIL in rosacea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Earthquakes and slow‐slip events interact, however, detailed studies investigating their interplay are still limited. We generate the highest resolution microseismicity catalog to date for the northern Armutlu Peninsula in a ∼1‐year period to perform a detailed seismicity distribution analysis and correlate the results with a local, geodetically observed slow‐slip transient within the same period. Seismicity shows a transition of cluster‐type behavior from swarm‐like to burst‐like, accompanied by an increasing relative proportion of clustered (non‐Poissonian) relative to background (Poissonian) seismicity and gradually decreasing b‐value as the geodetically observed slow‐slip transient ends. The observed slow‐slip transient decay correlates with gradually increasing effective‐stress‐drop values. The observed correlation between the b‐value and geodetic transient highlights the influence of aseismic deformation on seismic deformation and the impact of slow‐slip transients on local seismic hazard. Plain Language Summary: Seismic and aseismic slip on faults can change the stress state in the crust and affect the recurrence time of earthquakes. Observations of how earthquakes and aseismic fault slip influence each other are limited because of the dearth of synchronous high‐resolution seismological and geodetic data. Here we use high‐resolution earthquake data in the northern Armutlu Peninsula along the Marmara seismic gap of the North Anatolian Fault (Turkey) to correlate the earthquake distribution with a local slow‐slip transient that occurred in the same period. We find that the slow‐slip transient modulates the spatiotemporal and frequency‐magnitude evolution of earthquakes, which highlights the influence of slow fault creep on fast fault slip. Our study demonstrates the importance of considering slow‐slip transients for seismic hazard assessment. Key Points: Seismicity analysis suggests that both external and internal forcing drive deformation in the Armutlu PeninsulaTemporal correlation between a slow‐slip transient and seismic b‐value highlights interactions between aseismic and seismic deformationSlow‐slip transients modulate the frequency‐magnitude and spatiotemporal earthquake distribution [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction/Aims: MScanFit motor unit number estimation (MUNE) is a promising method for motor unit estimation and is reported to have good reliability in distal and small muscles. In this study, we investigated the reliability of MScanFit MUNE in a proximal forearm muscle, the flexor carpi ulnaris. Methods: Twenty healthy volunteers were included in this study, and 15 participants were re‐evaluated in a second session. The ulnar nerve was stimulated at the elbow and a compound muscle action potential (CMAP) scan from the flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU) muscle was recorded from each arm. CMAP, MUNE, and other motor unit parameters were obtained. Reproducibility was evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Results: The average MUNE from 40 FCU muscles was 90.9 (standard deviation: 16.4). MScanFit MUNE and CMAP were not significantly different between the dominant and non‐dominant sides. The ICC indicated good reliability between sessions for each side (0.81 and 0.8, respectively). Discussion: Our results indicate that MScanFit MUNE is a feasible method with good reproducibility for MUNE of the FCU muscle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) treatment is based on immunosuppressive therapies. Since refractory disease is common, alternative methods are emerging. One of these methods is plasmapheresis with intravenous cyclosporine and corticosteroids, and it could be an option in post‐transplant recurrent FSGS. We retrospectively investigated the efficacy of this combined treatment in adult patients with refractory primary FSGS. Methods: Seven refractory primary FSGS patients were included. Demographics, estimated glomerular filtration rates, serum albumin levels, urine protein/creatinine ratios, and previous treatments were evaluated. Also, complications and remission rates were assessed. Results: Median patient age was 23 years. Median duration of diagnosis was 2 years. Median number of plasmapheresis sessions was 14. Five of seven patients (71.4%, one complete, four partial remissions) were responders after the protocol. Changes in serum albumin levels and proteinuria after protocol were statistically significant (P = 0.018 and P = 0.018, respectively). eGFR levels did not change statistically (P = 0.753). Median follow‐up duration after the treatment was 17 months. However, two patients experienced disease relapse (28.5%). End‐stage kidney disease was developed in two patients. Sustained remission rate was 42.8% during follow‐up (One complete and two partial remissions). Also, 42.8% of patients experienced catheter infections. Catheter‐associated thrombosis that required surgery was observed in a patient. Conclusions: Plasmapheresis combined with intravenous cyclosporine and corticosteroids could be an option in refractory primary FSGS. High response rates after this protocol were encouraging. However, the relapsing disease was observed after the cessation of apheresis. Also, complications of the protocol could limit the applicability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this case report, we presented a case of myocarditis as a rare complication that developed after Covid mRNA‐1273 vaccine. Cases of post‐vaccine myocarditis usually progress with mild symptoms. However, it should be a situation that healthcare workers should keep in mind, that myocarditis may develop after vaccination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Infectious diseases such as tuberculosis (TB) are leading causes of human death. Antibiotics are effective molecules to combat bacterial infections by affecting the processes required for bacterial cell growth and proliferation. The development of new antibiotics has become an important issue as overdosed or incorrect use of antibiotic lead to the development of antibiotic resistance. In this study, a new series of 4‐(1,2,3‐triazoyl)arylmethanone derivatives has been synthesized using the one‐pot Copper‐​Catalyzed Oxidative Cross‐​Dehydrogenative Coupling​/Oxidative Cycloaddition strategy to overcome the aforementioned problems. New compounds were characterized by using spectroscopic techniques (1H, 13C‐APT‐NMR, FT‐IR, and HRMS‐TOF). In vitro antimycobacterial activities of the arylmethanone derivatives against the Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv standard strain were examined using the resazurin microplate method in the presence of streptomycin and rifampycin as standard medicines. Bioactive assays demonstrated promising results that some of the synthesized 4‐(1,2,3‐triazoyl)arylmethanone derivatives exhibited good anti‐TB activities. Notably, compounds 6b, 6f, and 6g gave the most potent efficiency with minimum inhibitory concentration values of 4 μg/ml (12.8, 11.7, and 12.8 μΜ, respectively). Among the synthesized compounds, the cytotoxicity measurements of the 6b, 6f, 6g, 6d, and 6v derivatives were screened and it was found that the 6f derivative did not show any cytotoxicity. Molecular docking analyses are utilized to identify the binding mode and the key interactions between target compounds and the ligand‐binding site of M. tuberculosis enoyl‐acyl carrier protein reductase enzyme (MtInhA, EC 1.3.1.9). The docking results were in agreement with the in vitro results, which confirm the synthesized ligands bind to MtInha with moderate to low affinity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) on oral hygiene and gingival health, and to investigate the relationship between these factors and the severity of MIH. Methods: A total of 72 children (48 with MIH and 24 healthy controls) were included in the study. MIH severity was categorized into three groups:mild (n = 16), moderate (n = 16) and severe (n = 16).The modified‐Quigley Hein plaque index (m‐QHPI) was used to determine oral hygiene, and the gingival index (GI) and bleeding on probe (BOP) were used to determine the gingival status of each subject. The Mann–Whitney U test was used for binary comparisons and the Kruskal–Wallis test was used for multiple comparisons. Results: The m‐QHPI,GI and BOP were significantly higher in all individuals with MIH compared with the control group. The m‐QHPI increased with the severity of MIH (P < 0.001).The GI of the MIH‐affected teeth had highly significant increases according to MIH severity (P < 0.05). The mean BOP score for the entire mouth was significantly higher in patients with severe and moderate MIH than mild MIH (P < 0.001). The mean BOP for affected teeth with moderate and severe MIH was significantly higher than the mean BOP of mildly affected teeth (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The presence and severity of MIH might be associated with increased plaque accumulation and gingival inflammation. © 2022 Australian Dental Association. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Objective: Alopecia areata (AA) is a skin disease characterized by sudden‐onset hair loss. The relationship between psychiatric status and AA has not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to evaluate emotion dysregulation, somatization, depression, and anxiety levels in children and adolescents with AA. Methods: The study included 27 patients aged 8–18 years diagnosed with AA, and an age and gender‐matched control group consisting of 30 cases without a known chronic medical disease. All individuals were screened for existing psychiatric illnesses by a pediatric psychiatrist through the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School‐Age Children Present and Lifetime Version (K‐SADS‐PL). The patients were then evaluated using the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), Screen for Child Anxiety‐Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED), State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAI‐C), and Children Somatization Inventory (CSI‐24). In addition, the patients' parents were asked to complete the Emotion Regulation Checklist‐Family Form (ERC). Results: When comparing the scale scores of the AA and control group, there was a statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of the Emotional Lability/Negativity subscale scores on ERC. K‐SADSPL ratios denoted features of at least one psychiatric condition in 62.9% and 16.6% of the AA group and control group, respectively. Conclusions: Our results emphasize the importance of psychiatric evaluation in patients with AA. Our study also reveals the need for further studies with a larger sample of AA patients being evaluated in terms of emotion regulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The therapeutic value of cisplatin (CDDP) as an anticancer drug is limited by its ovo‐otoxicity. The effect of natural phenolic acids in the prevention of many diseases related to oxidative stress has been reported. Here, the ability of p‐coumaric (pCA) acid, a member of phenolic acids, to protect rat ovary tissue against CDDP‐induced oxidative stress was investigated. Methods: The study was carried out in five main groups containing six rats in each group: control, pCA (4 mg/kg), CDDP, CDDP plus pCA (2 mg/kg), and CDDP plus pCA (4 mg/kg). The levels of ovarian malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), oxidative stress index (OSI), catalase (CAT), 8‐hydroxy‐2′‐deoxyguanosine (8‐OHdG), caspase‐3, and tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) were determined. Hematoxylin and eosin staining method was employed for the histopathological examination. Results: In the CDDP group, it is determined that statistically significant decreasing in the levels of TAS and CAT, and increasing in the levels of MDA, TOS, OSI, 8‐OHdG, caspase‐3, and TNF‐α compared with control group (p < 0.05). pCA administration statistically significantly restored this damage in a dose‐dependent manner (p < 0.05). Although vascular congestion, edema, hemorrhage, follicular degeneration, and leukocyte infiltration were significantly higher in the CDDP group than in the control group, pCA administrations statistically significantly restored these damages (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The data presented here indicate that pCA protects ovarian tissues of rats against CDDP‐induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. It may be worthy to consider the usefulness of pCA as adjuvant therapy in cancer management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, an omnidirectional and circularly polarized transceiver antenna, which can be used in simultaneous operations over transmit (TX) and receive (RX) channels for telemetry, tracking, and command (TTC) applications on the space segment of satellite communication, is proposed. The radiation and feed parts of the antenna consist of waveguide structures for high power necessity in transmit (telemetry) section. The radiation part includes two different sections of rotationally symmetric slotted arrays on circular waveguide, and radially outward metallic disks to improve omnidirectionality and circular polarization. The feed part contains a dual‐band mod converter from rectangular TE10 mode to circular TM01 mode for symmetric field excitation over slots where the input of the converter is the standard rectangular waveguide. The design, simulation, and measurement results of the antenna are shown over a 3D printed prototype at Ku‐band with center frequencies of 12 GHz and 14.25 GHz for TX and RX, respectively. With thin slots in telemetry section and thick slots in telecommand section, measured bandwidths for TX and RX frequencies are obtained approximately as 200 and 450 MHz, respectively. While TX band with maximum 3 dB gain variation over azimuth, maximum 3 dB axial ratio and minimum −3 dBi gain over 70° elevation beamwidth has relatively better performances at the expense of narrow bandwidth, RX band has maximum 3.5 dB gain variation over azimuth, maximum 4 dB axial ratio and minimum −6 dBi gain over 55° elevation beamwidth at the expense of wide bandwidth. Key Points: A transceiver antenna with single waveguide feed on satellites with high power telemetry, tracking and command applicationsTwo sections of slotted arrays on a circular waveguide fed by a dual band rectangular to circular waveguide mod converterOmnidirectional and circular polarization characteristics for both transmit (telemetry) and receive (telecommand) frequencies [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pigeon aviadenovirus A and Pigeon circovirus are both DNA viruses, infect and cause severe clinical diseases in pigeons. These viruses are associated with an immunosuppression syndrome similar to 'Young Pigeon Disease Syndrome' (YPDS). This study reports the identification of a natural co‐infection, with severe clinical signs (crop vomiting, watery diarrhoea, anorexia and sudden death) of Pigeon aviadenovirus A and Pigeon circovirus in a breeding pigeon flock in Central Anatolia, Turkey. Both viruses were isolated from pigeons pooled internal organs using primary chicken embryo kidney cell cultures (CEKC) and specific pathogen‐free (SPF) embryonated chicken eggs. Also, both viruses were identified by PCR amplification followed by Sanger sequencing whereas histopathological examination showed degenerated hepatocytes with basophilic intranuclear viral inclusions. As known, both viruses typically have similar transmission characteristics and common clinical manifestations; however, co‐infection may exacerbate the disease with devastating outcomes. This is the first report of its kind in Turkey for those viruses and is essential for the protection against these kinds of infections in pigeons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: To report the initial histological evidence on the feasibility of the skin‐sparing approach in the treatment of Fournier's gangrene. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data and the tissue blocks obtained from patients who had undergone debridement in a tertiary healthcare center by a urologist and a general surgeon. Results: The histological review revealed the prevalence of the intact epidermal layers in the debrided tissues involving necrosed subcutaneous parts. Clinical results of our cohort were compatible with the contemporary series. Conclusion: We can propose that the skin parts without macroscopic necrosis can be spared in the initial debridement in the treatment of Fournier's gangrene, at least in the first debridement. The skin‐sparing approach may provide easier and primary closure of the wound without compromising surgical safety in Fournier's gangrene treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

However, lower doses with more modern laser devices have allowed laser therapy to be applied during or shortly after isotretinoin therapy.5 A 23-year-old female patient was using oral isotretinoin at a dose of 40 mg/day for acne treatment, and laser treatment was started for acne scars in the sixth month of treatment. It is thought that factors such as abnormal follicular keratinization, cutibacterium acnes colonization, and sebum production play a role in its pathogenesis.1 Post-acne erythema is defined as lesions consisting of telangiectatic and erythematous macules resulting from skin inflammation.2 Although there are literature data on the use of various lasers in the treatment of post-acne erythema, the results are variable.3,4 Laser procedures for acne and acne scars are traditionally performed at least six to eight months after the end of systemic isotretinoin therapy. Treatment of post-acne erythema with 585 nm Q-Switched Nd:YAG laser in a patient receiving isotretinoin therapy. [Extracted from the article]

Background: Since the daily creatinine excretion rate (CER) is directly affected by muscle mass, which varies with age, gender, and body weight, using the spot protein/creatinine ratio (Spot P/Cr) follow‐up of proteinuria may not always be accurate. Estimated creatinine excretion rate (eCER) can be calculated from spot urine samples with formulas derived from anthropometric factors. Multiplying Spot P/Cr by eCER gives the estimated protein excretion rate (ePER). We aimed to determine the most applicable equation for predicting daily CER and examine whether ePER values acquired from different equations can anticipate measured 24 h urine protein (m24 h UP) better than Spot P/Cr in pediatric kidney transplant recipients. Methods: This study enrolled 23 children with kidney transplantation. To estimate m24 h UP, we calculated eCER and ePER values with three formulas adapted to children (Cockcroft‐Gault, Ghazali‐Barratt, and Hellerstein). To evaluate the accuracy of the methods, Passing‐Bablok and Bland‐Altman analysis were used. Results: A statistically significant correlation was found between m24 h UP and Spot P/Cr (p <.001, r = 0.850), and the correlation was enhanced by multiplying the Spot P/Cr by the eCER equations. The average bias of the ePER formulas adjusted by the Cockcroft‐Gault, Ghazali‐Barratt, and Hellerstein equations were −0.067, 0.031, and 0.064 g/day, respectively, whereas the average bias of Spot P/Cr was −0.270 g/day obtained by the Bland‐Altman graphics. Conclusion: Using equations to estimate eCER may improve the accuracy and reduce the spot urine samples' bias in pediatric kidney transplantation recipients. Further studies in larger populations are needed for ePER reporting to be ready for clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fatigue crack growth (FCG) behavior of two symmetric cracks originating at different orientations from the outer periphery of a hole in an infinite plate under biaxial tension‐tension loading is presented using two‐dimensional boundary cracklet method. Symmetric precracks of known length and orientation are modelled as initial cracks, and biaxial traction is applied as a far‐field loading. The rate of FCG is computed using Walker's equation, whereas the direction of propagation of crack tip is predicted using the minimum strain energy density criterion. The parametric study is performed with various orientations of initial precracks, biaxiality stress ratios (λ), and stress ratios (R) to show their effects on FCG behavior. Results suggest that for equiaxial loading, the crack propagation direction depends upon the position and initial angle of the crack. Cracks tend to grow perpendicular to that stress which is dominant of the two applied stresses when the biaxiality ratio is not unity. Highlights: A 2D approach using Boundary cracklet method is used to analyze fatigue crack growth in elastic materials.Hole‐edge cracked infinite plate is analyzed under different conditions of biaxial fatigue loads.Walker's equation is used as crack growth model and minimum strain density (MSED) criterion is used to predict the direction of propagation.Effects of position and orientation of initial pre‐cracks on fatigue crack growth are analyzed.The parametric study is performed by using different biaxiality ratios and stress ratios.The accuracy of the method is established through different fatigue crack growth problems involving biaxial fatigue loading from the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To investigate the clinical significance of uterine corpus involvement in patients with surgically treated cervical cancer. Methods: Patients (n = 354) with clinical early‐stage (stage IB1‐IIA2) cervical cancer who underwent radical hysterectomy and pelvic ± paraaortic lymphadenectomy were evaluated. Results: Uterine invasion was detected in 60 (16.9%) patients. Patients with uterine invasion had a higher rate of pelvic lymph node metastasis than those without uterine invasion (35% vs 22.8%, p = 0.046). In multivariate analysis, no statistically significant difference was identified between patients with and without uterine invasion for pelvic lymph node metastasis (p = 0.953). Uterine invasion was identified as an independent risk factor for paraaortic lymph node metastasis in multivariate analysis (p = 0.012). The presence of pelvic lymph node metastasis was found to be another significant predictor of paraaortic lymph node involvement (p = 0.022). In addition, uterine invasion and lymph node metastasis were identified as an independent risk factors regarding poor prognosis in cancer‐specific survival (hazard ratio [HR]: 4.537; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.304–15.782; p = 0.017 and HR: 5.598; 95% CI, 1.581–19.823; p = 0.008, respectively). Conclusions: Uterine invasion is an independent predictor of decreased survival and the presence of paraaortic lymph node metastasis in cervical cancer. The presence of the uterine invasion in cervical cancer should be considered as a poor prognostic factor in the decision of treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To evaluate the clinico‐pathologic features, treatment options, prognostic factors, and survival outcomes of malignant struma ovarii based on a systematic literature review in association with our case study. Methods: A systematic review of the medical literature was performed to identify articles about malignant struma ovarii from January 1983 until July 2020. We evaluated 178 cases. Results: The 5‐year progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of the entire cohort was 72.5% and 91%, respectively. In univariate analysis, younger age (<43 years), whole strumal cyst diameter >95 mm, presence of a histologic type other than papillary classic‐type thyroid carcinoma within the tumor and lymphovascular space invasion were related to poor PFS. Patients who received radioactive iodine ablation (RIA) before the treatment failure had significantly higher PFS than those who did not receive RIA (94.9% vs. 64.8%, p = 0.041, respectively). In univariate analysis, PFS was significantly higher in patients who underwent gynecologic surgery followed by thyroidectomy and RIA compared with those who had surgical treatment only (94.5% vs. 64.3%, p = 0.05, respectively). However, this result could not be identified as an independent prognostic factor in multivariate analysis (p = 0.207). Younger age and absence of capsular involvement were related to significantly increased OS. Histologic type was the only independent prognostic factor for PFS (hazard ratio: 3.30, 95% confidence interval: 1.122–9.748; p = 0.030) Conclusion: The most common histologic subtype was the papillary classic type. The presence of a histologic type other than the classic papillary thyroid carcinoma within the tumor was an independent adverse prognostic factor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BK virus infections which usually remains asymptomatic in healthy adults may have different clinical manifestations in immunocompromised patient population. BK virus reactivation can cause BK virus nephropathy in 8% of kidney transplant patients and graft loss may be seen if not treated. Clathrin or Caveolar system is known to be required for the transport of many viruses from Polyomaviruses family including BK viruses. In this study, kidney transplant patients with BK virus viremia were divided into two groups according to the BK virus nephropathy found in kidney biopsy (Group I: Viremia+, Nephropathy+ / Group II: Viremia+, Nephropathy−). Kidney biopsies were examined with immunohistochemical staining to determine the distribution and density of the Caveolin‐1 and Clathrin molecules. Immunohistochemical staining of the 31 pathologic specimens with anti‐caveolin‐1 immunoglobulin revealed statistically significant difference between group‐I and group‐II. The number of the specimens stained with anti‐caveolin‐1 was less in group I. On the other hand, we did not find any difference between the groups regarding the anti‐clathrin immunochemical analysis. According to these findings, caveolin‐1 expression differences in kidney transplant patients may be important in disease progression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on market behavior during crises. It provides an analysis of market functioning in North Darfur, Sudan, over a decade when both natural and manmade disasters were experienced. Results obtained using two rigorous methodological approaches highlight how markets not only remained functional during crises, but even operated more efficiently after a shock than in normal conditions. While our analysis focuses on specific events, we argue that our findings have general validity and application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the recurrence pattern and oncological outcomes in cervical cancer (CC) patients with lymph node metastasis. Methods: This study included 224 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) 2009 stage IB1‐IIIB CC patients with pathologically proven lymph node metastasis. Surgical intervention was grouped as hysterectomy performed/not performed. Adjuvant therapy decision was made by the tumor board. Radiotherapy was applied to all patients with lymph node metastasis. Results: Only paraaortic lymph node metastasis was determined as an independent prognostic factor for recurrence. Presence of paraaortic lymph node metastasis increased the risk of recurrence more than two times (odds ratio: 2.129; 95% confidence interval: 1.011–4.485; p = 0.047). An independent prognostic factor for death because of disease was age only. Risk of death was nearly doubled with younger age (odds ratio: 2.693; 95% confidence interval: 1.064–6.184; p = 0.037). Conclusion: The most of recurrences were located at distant sites and multiple regions. Paraaortic lymph node metastasis was the only independent prognostic factor for recurrence, in spite of that age was an independent predictor for risk of death in patients with early stage or locally advanced CC and also with surgically proven metastatic lymph nodes. Furthermore, the presence of the paraaortic lymph node metastasis was significantly associated with distant recurrence. Therefore, more appropriate and individualized therapy strategy focusing on intenser systemic chemotherapy options in addition to radiotherapy should be taken into consideration according to paraaortic lymph node metastasis and age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ACC is divided into nine subgroups by Frieden and includes Bart syndrome, also known as type 6, aplasia cutis localized to the extremities, epidermolysis bullosa, and nail anomalies.2 The diagnosis is made clinically, and sometimes, it is supported histopathologically and genetically. Keywords: aplasia cutis congenital; Bart syndrome; mechanobullous disorder EN aplasia cutis congenital Bart syndrome mechanobullous disorder 3603 3605 3 08/09/22 20220801 NES 220801 CONFLICT OF INTEREST None to declare. Bart syndrome is a rare disease that should be considered in patients with ACC and bullous lesions. [Extracted from the article]

Introduction: The neurosteroid allopregnanolone modulates oxytocin expression in the brain, and its effects arise from its action on the GABAA receptor. Whether neurosteroid levels and the function of the GABAA receptor are involved in the risk of preterm labour in pregnant women is unknown. Methods: Pregnant women with (n = 16) or without (n = 20) threatened preterm labour (TPL) in gestational week 33 + 6 days to 37 + 0 days were studied prospectively with procedures including foetal heart rate monitoring, vaginal examination, ultrasound examination and blood tests to determine allopregnanolone, progesterone and oxytocin levels. The GABAA receptor function in both groups was measured with a saccadic eye velocity test (SEVT). Results: Plasma oxytocin levels were higher in the TPL group than in the control group (41.5 vs. 37.0 pmol/L, respectively, p =.021). Although the allopregnanolone and progesterone levels in both groups did not differ, there was a negative association between blood oxytocin and allopregnanolone (as predictor) levels in the TPL group (B: −3.2, 95% confidence interval (CI): −5.5 to −0.9, p =.012). As a predictor of TPL, progesterone was associated with cervix maturity (odds ratio: 1.02, 95% CI: 1.00–1.04, p =.038). SEVT showed that the women in both groups had similar GABAA receptor functions. In both groups, body mass index correlated with peak saccadic eye velocity (r =.34, p =.044) and negatively with allopregnanolone (r = −.41, p =.013). Conclusions: Neurosteroid levels were unchanged in the peripheral blood of women with TPL, despite the increase in available oxytocin. Although the function of the GABAA receptor was unchanged in women with TPL, to ensure reliable results, saccadic eye velocity should be investigated during a challenge test with a GABAA receptor agonist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the recently developed boundary cracklet method (BCM) is used to model the fatigue crack propagation (FCP) in complex geometries in two‐dimensional domain. Several benchmark examples of FCP are analysed to show the effectiveness of BCM. Calculated stress intensity factors and crack paths show good agreement with reference studies. BCM is further used to simulate the multiple cracks interaction in a perforated plate with multiple holes having different cases of precracks emanating from edges of the plate and outer periphery of holes under fatigue loading. FCP is assumed to follow Paris–Erdogan law, and the maximum tangential stress criteria are used to predict the direction of propagation in each step. Moreover, to describe the computational efficiency of a numerical method in fatigue problems, a new parameter is introduced: Yavuz's fatigue computational efficiency factor (YCF), which is the number of computed million cycles per hour (CPU time). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To assess pain symptoms before and after hysterectomy in women with endometriosis.Design: A population-based registry study.Setting: Sweden.Population: Women aged 18-45 years who underwent hysterectomy for endometriosis between 2010 and 2015.Methods: Pain symptoms before hysterectomy and 12 months after surgery were collected from the Swedish National Quality Register for Gynaecological Surgery (GynOp). Pain symptoms were also assessed by follow-up surveys after a median follow-up period of 63 months.Main Outcome Measures: Pelvic or lower abdominal pain after hysterectomy.Results: The study included 137 women. The proportion of women experiencing pain of any severity decreased by 28% after hysterectomy (P < 0.001). The proportion of women with severe pain symptoms decreased by 76% after hysterectomy (P < 0.001). The majority of women (84%) were satisfied with the surgical result. Presence of severe pain symptoms after the hysterectomy was associated with less satisfaction (P < 0.001). Pain symptoms after surgery, patient satisfaction and the patient's perceived improvement were not significantly different between women whose ovarian tissue was preserved and women who underwent bilateral oophorectomy.Conclusions: We observed a significant, long-lasting reduction in pain symptoms after hysterectomy among women with endometriosis. Hysterectomy, with the possibility of ovarian preservation, may be a valuable option for women with endometriosis who suffer from severe pain symptoms.Tweetable Abstract: Hysterectomy is a valuable option for women with endometriosis and severe pain symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Though perovskite solar cells have outstanding commercialisation potential, perovskite materials are very vulnerable to moisture and oxygen. So the main issue for perovskite solar cell is very fast degradation. In order to elaborate on this concern, the stability of perovskite solar cells were investigated in this study. The effect of oxygen and moisture on perovskite solar cells decreased with encapsulation of the cells. Encapsulation has been carried out with ultraviolet cured epoxy resin. Stability tests were taken place in laboratory conditions under solar simulator and also shelf‐life tests. Perovskite solar cells showed the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.77% with a short circuit current density of 22.5 mA/cm2, the open‐circuit voltage of 0.94 V and fill factor of 0.46. After 2800 h, perovskite solar cells were still 85% stable in atmospheric conditions. Perovskite solar cells exhibited distinctive durability for shelf‐life test in laboratory conditions. The PCE of perovskite solar cells were decreased only 15% of its initial value after 2800 h. In order to elaborate the degradation of perovskite solar cells, the cells are exposed to solar irradiation AM1.5G. Perovskite solar cells degraded gradually with time under solar irradiation; however, this stability test indicated that the solar cells were durable 20% after 500 h exposure to solar irradiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Arteriovenous malformation at the finger and without trauma is a rare condition. Surface‐located arteriovenous malformations are susceptible to trauma. Therefore, they can cause severe bleeding and, such bleeding can seriously endanger the blood supply and circulation of the limb. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Teledermatology is an alternative medical science that allows evaluation of patient's clinical information over a distance without requiring face‐to‐face examination. Due to COVID‐19, social distancing has become important these days, and teledermatology can help physicians and patients in overcoming the barriers of accessing health care. Aim: In this study, we aim to evaluate how dermatologists in our country have viewed and experienced teledermatology during the pandemic through surveys. Patients/Methods: The study was carried out by using an online survey for evaluating the teledermatology experiences of dermatologists in Turkey and how they have viewed teledermatology during the 2‐month pandemic period and the 2‐month prepandemic period. Results: The number of patients evaluated with teledermatology methods was found to be significantly higher in the pandemic period when compared with the prepandemic period. The rates of using video calls with mobile phone and online video calls were found to be significantly higher in the pandemic period when compared with the prepandemic period. Conclusion: Our study results show that the teledermatology method had a higher rate of usage compared to before the pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]