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Lung cancer (LC) is the leading cause of cancer‐related mortality worldwide. Radiotherapy is the main component of LC treatment; however, its efficacy is often limited by radioresistance development, resulting in unsatisfactory clinical outcomes. Here, we found that LC radiosensitivity is up‐regulated by decreased expression of long‐chain acyl‐CoA synthase 6 (ACSL6) after irradiation. Deletion of ACSL6 results in significant elevation of Friend leukemia integration 1 transcription factor (FLI1) and a marked decline of collagens (COLs). Blocking of ACSL6 impairs the tumor growth and upregulates FLI1, which reduces the levels of COLs and compromises irradiation‐induced autophagy, leading to considerable therapeutic benefits during radiotherapy. Moreover, the direct interaction between ACSL6 and FLI1 and engagement between FLI1 and COLs indicates the involvement of the ACSL6‐FLI1‐COL axis. Finally, the potently adjusted autophagy flux reduces its otherwise contributive capability in surviving irradiation stress and leads to satisfactory radiosensitization for LC radiotherapy. These results demonstrate that enhanced ACSL6 expression promotes the aggressive performance of irradiated LC through increased FLI1‐COL‐mediated autophagy flux. Thus, the ACSL6‐FLI1‐Col‐autophagy axis may be targeted to enhance the radiosensitivity of LC and improve the management of LC in radiotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A printed ultrawideband (UWB) monopole antenna with triple‐rectangular band rejection characteristics at WiMAX, WLAN, and satellite band is presented in this paper. The frequency selectivity of each rejection band is improved by employing the mutual coupling of two spiral‐shaped electromagnetic band‐gap (EBG) structures. The proposed design consists of the modified rectangular patch with a compact size of 23.5 × 23 mm2 having a partial ground plane and three pairs of spiral EBGs. To mitigate the interference from the WiMAX band, one pair of the spiral is coupled with the microstrip line, which exhibits band rejection of 3.3–3.7 GHz (11.42%). WLAN band from 5.1 to 5.9 GHz (14.5%) is notched by another pair of spiral EBGs designed on the opposite side of the radiating patch, and for satellite band rejection, two spiral EBGs are embedded on the opposite side of the microstrip line which ranges from 7.25 to 7.8 GHz (7.3%). Moreover, peak gain, radiation pattern, and time domain behavior of the proposed design are also investigated in Ansys Electronics Desktop 17.0 to find its suitability in UWB applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Breast cancer is a condition where breast tissue cells grow uncontrollably. Various natural and synthesized compounds, such as quinazoline, have been studied for their potential as anticancer agents. Quinazoline derivatives have shown diverse bioactivities, including antimalarial, antifungal, antimicrobial, and anticancer properties. This research aims to synthesize substituted tetrazoloquinazoline and evaluate its potential as an anticancer agent using molecular docking studies with the Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) software. Furthermore, molecular dynamic was also performed to analyze the binding stability of this protein‐ligand complex. Additionally, the physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties of quinazoline compounds were assessed using the website https://www.swissadme.ch. The cytotoxic activity of the compounds was evaluated using the MTT assay. The docking results revealed that substituted tetrazoloquinazoline exhibited a significantly different range of binding free energy compared to the positive control. Moreover, the substituted tetrazoloquinazoline compounds comply with Lipinski's Rule of Five (Ro5), indicating that they are easily absorbable and have good permeability. The cytotoxic activity of the compounds was found to have an IC50 value of >1000 ppm, classifying them as noncytotoxic. It therefore paved the way for the discovery of promising next‐generation drugs against breast cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metformin (MET) is an oral antidiabetic drug widely used as the primary treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). While various spectrophotometric assays exist for determining MET in pharmaceutical formulations, they often have limited throughput for quality control purposes. This study describes the validation of a 96‐microwell plate spectrophotometer method using charge‐transfer complexes (CTCs) with chloranilic acid (CLA) and 2,3‐dichloro‐5,6‐dicyano‐1,4‐benzoquinone (DDQ) for the quality control and detected of MET. This reaction was carried out in 96‐microwell plates, and the absorbance of the colored complexes of CLA and DDQ were measured at 530 nm and 460 nm, respectively, using an absorbance microplate reader. This study aims to identify and quantify the use of a 96‐microwell plate spectrophotometer analytical technique for assessing complicated formulations. The method was successfully used for the quantification of MET in the tablet dosage form. The results showed good correlation coefficients (0.996 and 0.997) with CLA and DDQ, respectively. The present method showed high precision with RSD % not exceeding 2.17%. The accuracy of the method was obtained by recovery percentage, with percentage values less than ±5%. The Analytical Greenness Metric (AGREE) was used to evaluate greenness of the assays. The result show that the microwell assay method is greenness and suitable for handling large samples on a daily used with high throughput analysis. The use of the 96‐microwell‐plate method is superior to the existing method in terms of simplicity of the procedure, the low economic cost, and its consumption of low amounts of reagents and organic ethanol solvent, making it an environmentally friendly method. Therefore, these advantages make them suitable and rapid alternatives method to current methods for routine metformin analysis in quality control laboratories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current research explored the possible protective effect of chenopodium quinoa extract against CCl4 acute liver toxicity in Sprague Dawley rats. Thirty rats were divided into five groups with six rats in each group. CCl4 (Carbon tetrachloride) was administered at a dose rate of 2 mL/kg b.w. intra‐peritoneally once a week for 3 weeks. The plant extract was given through oral gavage for a period of 21 days. Group I served as a normal group which was given with basal diet. Group II was referred to as a positive control group and received CCl4 2 mL/kg body weight (i.p.). Group III was the standard treatment group and received 2 mL/kg CCl4 (i.p.) and 16 mg/kg body weight (p.o.) silymarin. Group IV was the plant treatment group, which received 2 mL/kg CCl4 (i.p.) and 600 mg/kg body weight of quinoa seed extract (p.o.). Group V was the combined treatment group, which received 2 mL/kg CCl4 (i.p.) accompanied with a combination of silymarin (p.o.) 16 mg/kg body weight and quinoa seed extract (p.o.) 600 mg/kg body weight. The liver biomarkers were assessed along with histopathological analysis to observe the changes in the liver. The outcome suggested that the treatment, which was given with the combination of silymarin and quinoa seed extract, significantly enhanced the antioxidant levels, reduced the oxidative stress, and restored the liver function as evidenced by biochemical parameters histopathological studies. The hepatoprotective potential may be due to the antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties of quinoa seed extract. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coadministering two different classes of antibiotics as empirical therapy can be critical in treating healthcare‐associated infections in hospitals. Herein, we report a case of acute kidney injury (AKI) caused by coadministration of vancomycin with high‐dose meropenem that manifested as a rapid increase in serum creatinine levels and an associated increase in vancomycin trough concentrations. The patient was diagnosed with meningioma at 50 years and was followed up regularly. The patient underwent surgery and antibiotic treatment between 63 and 66 years for suspected meningitis and pneumonia. Coadministration of vancomycin with high‐dose meropenem (6.0 g/day) caused AKI; however, no AKI occurred when vancomycin was administered alone or with a low dose of meropenem (1.5 or 3.0 g/day). To our knowledge, this report is the first to show that administering different dosages of meropenem in combination with vancomycin may contribute to the risk of developing AKI. We suggest that coadministered vancomycin and high‐dose meropenem (6.0 g/day) may increase the risk of AKI. Our report adds to the limited literature documenting the coadministration of vancomycin with varying doses of meropenem and its impact on the risk of AKI and highlights the importance of investigating AKI risk in response to varying dosages of meropenem when it is coadministered with vancomycin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acknowledging the neurological symptoms of COVID‐19 and the long‐lasting neurological damage even after the epidemic ends are common, necessitating ongoing vigilance. Initial investigations suggest that extracellular vesicles (EVs), which assist in the evasion of the host's immune response and achieve immune evasion in SARS‐CoV‐2 systemic spreading, contribute to the virus's attack on the central nervous system (CNS). The pro‐inflammatory, pro‐coagulant, and immunomodulatory properties of EVs contents may directly drive neuroinflammation and cerebral thrombosis in COVID‐19. Additionally, EVs have attracted attention as potential candidates for targeted therapy in COVID‐19 due to their innate homing properties, low immunogenicity, and ability to cross the blood‐brain barrier (BBB) freely. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cell (MSCs) secreted EVs are widely applied and evaluated in patients with COVID‐19 for their therapeutic effect, considering the limited antiviral treatment. This review summarizes the involvement of EVs in COVID‐19 neuropathology as carriers of SARS‐CoV‐2 or other pathogenic contents, as predictors of COVID‐19 neuropathology by transporting brain‐derived substances, and as therapeutic agents by delivering biotherapeutic substances or drugs. Understanding the diverse roles of EVs in the neuropathological aspects of COVID‐19 provides a comprehensive framework for developing, treating, and preventing central neuropathology and the severe consequences associated with the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To systematically evaluate empirical studies investigating the influences of healthcare workers' behaviours towards infection prevention and control practices in the Coronavirus clinical space, and to appraise and synthesise these findings. Design: A systematic review of the literature. Methods: The review used a five‐step framework described by Khan et al. (Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 2003, 96 and 118) of Framing questions for a review; Identifying relevant work; Assessing the quality of studies; Summarising the evidence; and Interpreting the findings. Searches were conducted in CINHAL, MEDLINE, PsychINFO, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases to retrieve relevant peer‐reviewed literature published in English between 2019 and 2023. Covidence and Joanna Briggs Quality appraisal tools were used for critical assessment. To improve transparent reporting, this review used a Synthesis Without Meta‐analysis (SWiM) in systematic review guidelines, as informed by Campbell et al. (BMJ, 2020, 368). Results: Twenty studies were included in this review, identifying nine themes describing factors influencing HCWs' behaviours towards IPC practices in the coronavirus environment. The overarching influences emerged as knowledge‐oriented, person‐oriented, and environment‐oriented. Conclusion: Healthcare workers' responsibilities at point‐of‐care involve providing direct care to patients with highly transmissible infections and working in clinical settings that may be ill‐designed for IPC practices, increasing the risk of transmission. Given the lack of a definitive solution to eradicate new mutant viruses and that IPC practices are the mainstay of prevention and control of transmissible, measures to improve are imperative. The identified HCWs' domains on behaviours towards IPC are critical in strategies to mitigate risks and further set an opportunity for developing an IPC model congruent with the rapid response required for HCWs during emerging or re‐merging mutant virus outbreaks. This is significant, given that HCWs' preparedness with IPC practices at point‐of‐care is central to patient care, the workforce and community safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, Tragopogon dubius was used using a specific condition of adsorption to remove a cationic harmful dye (crystal violet : CV) in aqueous liquid media. Removing time, rate of adsorbent, pH of the media, initial concentration of the harmful dye, and absorbent particle size were studied to reach an optimum adsorption condition. Before and after the biosorption process of CV, the SEM micrographs and EDX spectra were obtained for Tragopogon dubius. The maximum removal efficiency of CV (90–93 %) has happened at pH=7.0, contact time of 120 min, adsorbent dose of 0.2 g/L (with particle size of 0.074 mm), temperature of 25 ○C, and pollutant rate of 50.0 mg/L. The adsorption rate of Tragopogon dubius was calculated using equilibrium models. It was also increased by water washing (30 min). The results showed that 50 % of the dye was absorbed when the adsorption time reached 50 min. Maximum adsorption (212.9 mg/g) occurred after 120 min of removing time. The results revealed the best accordance of the Tragopogon dubius adsorption with the Freundlich model (R2=0.96). A kinetic agreement was also observed between the dye adsorption and the Pseudo‐second order model. The negative value of ΔS° (−53.51 J/K mol) indicates that Tragopogon dubius removes CV during a relatively stable process with randomness in the system. The negative values of ΔG° at different temperatures indicate that the nature of CV adsorption was spontaneous. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zeolites hold importance as catalysts and membranes across numerous industrial processes that produce most of the world's fuels and chemicals. In zeolite catalysis, the rate of molecular diffusion inside the micropore channels defines the catalyst's longevity and selectivity, thereby influencing the catalytic efficiency. Decreasing the diffusion pathlengths of zeolites to the nanoscopic level by fabricating well‐organized hierarchically porous architecture can efficiently overcome their intrinsic mass‐transfer limitations without losing hydrothermal stability. We report a rational post‐synthetic design for synthesizing hierarchically ordered FAU‐type zeolites exhibiting 2D‐hexagonal (P6mm) and 3D‐cubic (Ia3‾ ${\bar{3}}$ d) mesopore channels. The synthesis involves methodical incision of the parent zeolite into unit‐cell level zeolitic fragments by in situ generated base and bulky surfactants. The micellar ensembles formed by these surfactant‐zeolite interactions are subsequently reorganized into various ordered mesophases by tuning the micellar curvature with ion‐specific interactions (Hofmeister effect). Unlike conventional crystallization, which offers poor control over mesophase formation due to kinetic constraints, crystalline mesostructures can be developed under dilute, mild alkaline conditions by controlled reassembly. The prepared zeolites with nanometric diffusion pathlengths have demonstrated excellent yields of naphtha and middle‐distillates in vacuum gas oil hydrocracking with decreased coke deposition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hierarchical zeolites can offer substantial benefits over bulk zeolites in catalysis. A drawback towards practical implementation is their lengthy synthesis, often requiring complex organic templates. This work describes an accelerated synthesis of nanolayered MWW zeolite based on the combination of interzeolite transformation (IZT) with a dual‐templating strategy. FAU zeolite, hexamethyleneimine (HMI), and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) were respectively employed as Al source and primary zeolite, structure directing agent, and exfoliating agent. This approach allowed to reduce the synthesis of nanolayered MWW to 48 h, which is a considerable advance over the state of the art. Tracking structural, textural, morphological, and chemical properties during crystallization showed that 4‐membered‐ring (4MR) units derived from the FAU precursor are involved in the faster formation of MWW in comparison to a synthesis procedure from amorphous precursor. CTAB restricts the growth of the zeolite in the c‐direction, resulting in nanolayered MWW. Moreover, we show that this approach can speed up the synthesis of nanolayered FER. The merits of nanolayered MWW zeolites are demonstrated in terms of improved catalytic performance in the Diels‐Alder cycloaddition of 2,5‐dimethylfuran and ethylene to p‐xylene compared to bulk reference MWW sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Butylparaben (BP), a common chemical preservative in cosmetic and pharmaceutical products, has been known to induce oxidative stress and disrupt endocrine function in humans. In contrast, morin, a flavonoid derived from the Moraceae family, exhibits diverse pharmacological properties, including anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant. Despite this, the protective role of morin against oxidative stress‐induced damage in pancreatic islets remains unclear. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the potential protective mechanism of morin against oxidative stress‐induced damage caused by BP in zebrafish larvae. To achieve this, we exposed the zebrafish larvae to butylparaben (2.5 mg/L) for 5 days, leading to increased oxidative stress and apoptosis in β‐cells. However, our compelling findings revealed that pretreatment with various concentrations of morin effectively reduced mortality and mitigated apoptosis and lipid peroxidation in β‐cells induced by BP exposure. In addition, zebrafish larvae exposed to BP for 5 days exhibited evident β‐cell damage. However, the pretreatment with morin showed promising effects by promoting β‐cell proliferation and lowering glucose levels. Furthermore, gene expression studies indicated that morin pretreatment normalized PEPCK expression while increasing insulin expression in BP‐exposed larvae. In conclusion, our findings highlight the potential of morin as a protective agent against BP‐induced β‐cell damage in zebrafish larvae. The observed improvements in oxidative stress, apoptosis, and gene expression patterns support the notion that morin could be further explored as a therapeutic candidate to counteract the detrimental effects of BP exposure on pancreatic β‐cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wogonin (5,7‐dihydroxy‐8‐methoxyflavone), a natural flavonoid compound in herbal plants, can suppress growth in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles that are influenced by wogonin have not been thoroughly described. To explore the novel miRNAs and the biological mechanism underlying the effect of wogonin on HCC cells. The effect of wogonin on Huh7 cell growth was assessed both in vitro and in vivo. The expression profiles of miRNAs were obtained by small RNA sequencing. Luciferase reporter experiment and bioinformatics analysis were conducted to determine whether tyrosine 3‐monooxygenase/tryptophan 5‐monooxygenase activation protein zeta (YWHAZ) can bind to miR‐27b‐5p. Effects of the ectopic expression of YWHAZ and miR‐27b‐5p on Huh7 cells proliferation and apoptosis were evaluated. Furthermore, the cell cycle, apoptosis and multiple signaling pathway‐related molecules were detected by Western blot analysis. Wogonin substantially inhibited the growth of Huh7 cells both in vitro and in vivo. Seventy miRNAs exhibited greater than twofold changes in wogonin‐treated cells. Upregulation of miR‐27b‐5p inhibited Huh7 cell proliferation, and the anticancer effect of wogonin was reversed after miR‐27b‐5p knockdown. miR‐27b‐5p directly targeted YWHAZ in HCC cells. The proliferation‐inhibiting effect of miR‐27b‐5p was revoked by YWHAZ overexpression. Meanwhile, inhibition of HCC growth was achieved by downregulating YWHAZ. Wogonin exerted antitumor activity through multiple signaling molecules, such as focal adhesion kinase, protein kinase B, mammalian target of rapamycin and molecules related to apoptosis and cell cycle by upregulating miR‐27b‐5p and downregulating YWHAZ. Our findings suggest that miR‐27b‐5p/YWHAZ axis contributes to the inhibitory effect of wogonin in HCC by targeting related genes and multiple signaling pathways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Epidemiological studies on the prevalence of elevated depression symptoms among female adolescents in Saudi Arabia report a wide variation, ranging from 13.9% to 80.2%. However, different methods of assessment and sampling have been used. The aim of the current study is to estimate the prevalence of elevated depression symptoms amongst female adolescents in Saudi Arabia using a gold‐standard self‐report measure, the Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (MFQ). Design and Measures: A cross‐sectional study was conducted with 515 female students aged 13−18 years, recruited from public schools. Participants completed the Arabic versions of the MFQ, Rosenberg Self‐Esteem Scale and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Results: Mean MFQ score for this sample was 26.35 and almost half of participants (48.2%) had scores above the cut‐off. Severity of depression varied with age, with those aged 13 showing reduced symptoms, and was negatively correlated with self‐esteem and perceived social support. There were no associations with other demographic factors. Conclusion: Elevated levels of depression symptoms were common in this sample. This highlights the need to improve public mental health in this community and to improve methods of identifying and treating depression in female adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, desilication in increasingly harsh conditions was used to introduce mesopores into two different industrial ZSM‐5 catalysts (Si/Al ratio 11 or 29). For desilicated samples, increasing BET surface areas, mesopore volumes, and Si(OH) densities were noted. Brønsted acid site (BAS) densities increased upon desilication, as formerly inaccessible BAS in blocked pores became available, while the strength of the BAS was maintained upon desilication. Using KOH instead of NaOH as desilication agent can increase the mesopore volume generated per mass loss. The correlations between desilication strength and properties were largely determined by the parent Si/Al ratio. In general the introduced mesopores increased lifetimes in the ETA conversion, while additional Si(OH) groups introduced by desilication reduce the lifetime again. The lifetime is thus determined by a complex interplay of BAS density, improved reactant transport by introduced mesopores and Si(OH) density. There were no additional aromatics formed in desilicated samples during the conversion of ethanol and the samples were, in terms of aromatic yield, outperformed by a microporous parent. However, as result of longer lifetimes less ethanol was lost due to coke formation. It is concluded that desilication should be combined with other post‐modifications to increase aromatic production and lifetime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Considering the increasing use of the Internet in Iranian society, especially among students, and the importance of sleep quality, the present study investigated the relationship between sleep quality and Internet addiction among medical students in Shiraz. Methods. In this descriptive-analytical study, the sample included students of the Shiraz University of Medical Sciences who were selected by a multistage sampling method in 2018. Each faculty was considered to be stratified, and the samples were selected from all strata by simple random sampling. A total of 400 student questionnaires were eligible for analysis. The level of sleep disturbance was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Young's Internet Addiction Test (IAT) was used to evaluate Internet addiction. Cronbach's alpha for PSQI and IAT was 0.77 and 0.93, respectively. Results. 109 (%28.9) and 58 (%14.4) of all the people under study were at risk of Internet addiction or poor sleep quality, respectively. The highest percentage of poor sleep quality was in those who were addicted to the Internet (60%), but the lowest percentage was observed in the group without addiction (27%). In addition, there was a significant correlation between Internet addiction and subjective sleep quality (r = 0.191, p = 0.05), sleep latency (r = 0.129, p = 0.01), sleep duration (r = 0.119, p = 0.01), habitual sleep efficiency (r = 0.186, p = 0.05), sleep disturbances (r = 0.169, p = 0.01), use of sleeping medication (r = 0.203, p = 0.05), and daytime dysfunction (r = 0.188, p = 0.05). Conclusion. These findings help national health officials and planners in Iran to design appropriate and effective interventions to improve students' health and prevent Internet addiction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim. The education system has transitioned from traditional learning to e-learning. Earlier, researchers tested the feasibility of e-learning for nursing students. However, whether satisfaction with e-learning affects students' mental health remains unknown. This study aimed to determine the influence of satisfaction with e-learning on mental health (stress, anxiety, and depression) among undergraduate nursing students. Methods. This study design was cross-sectional, correlational, and descriptive. Data were collected between April and December 2022 from local nursing colleges in 13 regions in Saudi Arabia. A convenience sampling method was employed to recruit undergraduate nursing students. One hundred forty-four students responded to the online questionnaire. Results. Nursing students demonstrated moderate levels of anxiety (M = 9.89 (SD = 4.28)), stress (M = 10.40 (SD = 4.05)), and depression (M = 9.64 (SD = 4.38)). The average satisfaction with e-learning score was 2.79 (SD = 0.85), indicating that students' satisfaction was low. Strong and positive correlations existed between anxiety and stress (r = 0.787, p < 0.001) and depression (r = 0.867, p < 0.001). However, anxiety, stress, and depression were not correlated with satisfaction. Female participants demonstrated more significant anxiety (M = 11.0, SD = 3.55), stress (M = 11.3, SD = 3.5), and depressive symptoms (M = 10.9, SD = 3.6) than their male counterparts. Stress significantly and indirectly affected depression through anxiety (B = 0.580, p < 0.001 , 95% CI 0.449 to 0.719). The proportion of mediation ( P M = 0 . 697) indicated that 69.7% of the total stress effect on depression was because of the indirect impact of anxiety, acting as a partial mediation. Conclusions. This study emphasized providing mental health services for nursing students. Conducting qualitative research will help achieve knowledge of nursing students' mental health status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Niels Kaj Jerne has proposed the "immune network theory" of interactions among anti‐idiotypic antibodies, able to interfere with humoral responses to certain antigens. After the occurrence of the primary generation of antibodies, against an antigenic epitope, idiotypes of these antibodies induce anti‐idiotypic antibodies that modulate the intensity of the first response, and so on. Adverse effects following SARS‐COV‐2 COVID‐19 vaccines are occasionally similar to the symptoms of COVID‐19 infection. Rare events linked to SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines also resemble some rarely reported COVID‐19 complications. Safety data from product information by European Medicines Agency suggest that spectra do overlap for four main vaccines. The proposition is that vaccine events and COVID‐19 complications are related to anti‐idiotypic antibodies whose spatial shape can lead to interactions with ACE2 molecules, in individuals with a prolonged Spike protein synthesis. The vaccines target cells by their affinity to the vaccine vector, or to engulf lipid nanoparticles. Anti‐idiotypic antibodies shaped similarly to the Spike protein possibly interact with ACE2 molecules and cause diverse signs and symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While the structures of Brønsted acid sites (BAS) in zeolites are well understood, those of Lewis acid sites (LAS) remain an active area of investigation. Under hydrated conditions, the reversible formation of framework‐associated octahedral aluminum has been observed in zeolites in the acidic form. However, the structure and formation mechanisms are currently unknown. In this work, combined experimental 27Al NMR spectroscopy and computational data reveal for the first time the details of the zeolite framework‐associated octahedral aluminium. The octahedral LAS site becomes kinetically allowed and thermodynamically stable under wet conditions in the presence of multiple nearby BAS sites. The critical condition for the existence of such octahedral LAS appears to be the availability of three protons: at lower proton concentration, either by increasing the Si/Al or by ion‐exchange to non‐acidic form, the tetrahedral BAS becomes thermodynamically more stable. This work resolves the question about the nature and reversibility of framework‐associated octahedral aluminium in zeolites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A modified quick, easy, cheap, efficient, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) method coupled to gas chromatography with electron capture detection was developed for the simultaneous determination of selected electronegative pesticides, namely, chlorpyrifos‐methyl (1), chlorpyrifos (2), quinolphos (3), profenofos (4), myclobutanil (5), ethion (6), fenpropathrin (7), and cypermethrin (8), in vegetables with high water content. The selected compounds and some of their metabolites have even been found in human body fluids. In addition, some of them are known or suspected carcinogens according to the World Health Organization. Extraction and cleanup parameters were optimized; thus, the original QuEChERS method was modified to minimize solvent usage by making the study eco‐friendly. The developed method was validated for selectivity, specificity, linearity, precision, and accuracy using SANTE guidelines. Calibration curves showed good linearity (r > 0.99) within the test range. Precision was evaluated by intra‐ and inter‐day experiments with an acceptable range of less than 20.0% of relative standard deviation. Recovery was evaluated at limit of quantification and was found to be in the range of 70–120%, with relative standard deviations lower than 4.21%. The proposed method is applicable for detection and monitoring of selected pesticides in one run not only in fruits and vegetables with high water content but also in samples containing large quantities of pigments/dyes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Propylene is deemed as a kind of key raw materials with significant value in industrial production. Highly dispersed Zn species are served as active sites in catalyzing propane dehydrogenation reaction (PDH). More importantly, the morphology and textural properties of Si‐based support exert the great influence on the formation of active Zn species. Herein, active Zn species were dispersed on macroporous commercial SiO2, mesoporous siliceous materials (SBA‐15, MCF, DMSN, KIT‐6), and microporous silicalite‐1 (S‐1), respectively. Characterization result indicated that the dispersed active ZnO species were prone to be formed on S‐1, which could be attributed to the confinement effect of micropores in S‐1 and the abundant Si‐OH groups interacted with Zn2+ species. As a result, the optimal ZnOA/S‐1 catalyst exhibited superior catalytic activity (propane conversion of 40.4 %, propylene selectivity of 96.0 %, 550 °C, WHSV=0.47 h−1) during PDH process. Furthermore, the relatively considerable performance of ZnOA/S‐1 catalysts could help to offer a guidance on the design of efficient and low‐cost catalysts for PDH reaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, hymecromone with known therapeutic aspects was conjugated with steroids a class of natural products that widely exhibited broad biological functions. Cholic acid, diosgenin, cholesterol, DHEA, and testosterone were selected as steroid moiety, each of which has a different biological mechanism of action. This study focused on developing novel conjugates that can be used as multi‐targeted drugs for treating various diseases. All conjugates were evaluated in vitro for their antiproliferative and antimicrobial activities and discussed for the structure‐activity relationship. The conjugates 5 and 6 exhibited comparable cytotoxic effects to reference drugs against cancer cell lines (K562, MCF‐7, and HeLa) while showing no toxicity against healthy cells (L929). Conjugates 7 and 5 demonstrated antibacterial activity against Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria, with lower minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values than the standard ciprofloxacin drug. Conjugate 6, On the other hand, had the lowest MIC value against the fungus, comparable to that of the standard drug ketoconazole. The physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties of conjugates were in silico computed and evaluated. Overall, the outputs of this study suggest that these conjugates have promising potential as therapeutic agents, offering a multi‐targeted approach for the treatment of various diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Atherosclerosis, a serious and commonly diagnosed pathological condition is the main cause of coronary and cerebrovascular disorder which has a high rate of morbidity and mortality globally. In the present study effect of berberine on damage to the aorta wall induced by atherosclerosis in mice model was investigated. The results demonstrated that berberine treatment significantly (P<0.05) reverses the atherosclerosis‐induced increase in the area of the lesions in the mice aortas. Berberine treatment at 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/kg doses reduced lesion area in the aorta of atherosclerosis mice to 53.5±3.69, 39.4±3.69 and 13.8±2.12 %, respectively. Atherosclerosis‐induced up‐regulation of interleukin (IL)‐1β and IL‐6 production was down‐regulated in mice aortas on treatment with berberine. Treatment with berberine downregulated the atherosclerosis‐induced increase in expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, angiotensin II (AngII), Alveolar type 2 progenitor cells (AT1), and AT2 in mice aorta tissues. Moreover, berberine treatment of atherosclerosis mice led to a marked reduction in the activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), p65, and p38 proteins. In summary, berberine treatment reverses damage associated with atherosclerosis in mice aorta walls by inhibiting the inflammatory response. It targets activation of Janus kinase (JAK)/STAT pathway and downregulated RAAS expression in atherosclerotic mice. Therefore, berberine may be developed as a potential chemotherapeutic agent for atherosclerosis treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: This study was conducted with the aim of examining the effect on pain intensity of the vibration technique applied at the injection site and squeezing a stress ball during the administration of Pfizer–BioNTech COVID‐19 vaccination. Methods: This was a randomized controlled single‐blind experimental study. The study included 120 adults who were randomly selected between July and November 2022. One experimental group (n = 40) received local vibration by means of a Buzzy® device, and the other (n = 40) were given a stress ball to squeeze. Routine vaccination procedure was performed with the control group (n = 40). The level of pain felt during the vaccination procedure was assessed on a visual analog scale. Results: The pain score of individuals during the vaccination procedure was found to be significantly lower in the vibration group than in the control group (P =.005) and the stress ball group (P =.036), but there was no significant difference between the control and stress ball groups (P =.851). Also, it was found that the variables of gender, age and body mass index did not affect the average pain intensity of individuals during the vaccination procedure. Conclusions: It was found that local vibration applied by means of the Buzzy® device was effective in reducing the levels of pain relating to administration of the Pfizer–BioNTech COVID‐19 vaccination. Nurses should think of the application of vibration as a choice in the management of pain relating to Pfizer–BioNTech COVID‐19 vaccination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to identify sociodemographic and academic factors associated with unhealthy lifestyles among Brazilian undergraduate nursing students. A cross‐sectional study was completed by 286 nursing students in Brazil. Multinomial logistic regression was conducted to examine the association between sociodemographic and academic variables with the latent lifestyle indicator. The model fit's validity was assessed using Akaike information coefficient estimation, Hosmer–Lemeshow test, and the ROC curve. A high health risk lifestyle was 2.7 times more likely among students aged 18–24 years than students aged 25 years or older (OR = 2.7, 95% CI = [1.18, 6.54] p = 0.02); 2.3 times more likely among students with ≥400 h of semester time (OR = 2.3, 95% CI = [0.93, 5.90], p = 0.07); and 3.8 times more likely among female students (OR = 3.8, 95% CI = [0.82, 8.12], p = 0.09). A moderate health risk lifestyle was 1.8 times more likely among students from the 6th to 10th semesters (OR = 1.8, 95% CI = [−0.95, 3.75], p = 0.07). Sociodemographic and academic factors were associated with unhealthy lifestyles. Health promotion efforts are necessary to improve nursing students' health behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since its emergence, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains a public health threat worldwide. While the majority of patients recover in 3–4 weeks, complications in severely ill patients, including acute respiratory distress syndrome, cardiac injury, thrombosis, and sepsis, can lead to death. Several biomarkers, in addition to cytokine release syndrome (CRS), have been associated with severe and fatal outcomes in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. The aim of this study is to assess clinical characteristics and cytokines profiles in hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Lebanon. A total of 51 hospitalized COVID-19 patients were recruited between February 2021 and May 2022. Clinical data and sera were collected at two time points: at hospital presentation (T0) and last collected results during hospitalization (T1). Our results showed that 49% of participants were >60 years with males accounting for the majority (72.5%). Hypertension, followed by diabetes and dyslipidemia, were the most frequent comorbid conditions among study participants accounting for 56.9% and 31.4%, respectively. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was the only significantly different comorbid condition between intensive care unit (ICU) and non-ICU patients. Our results also showed that the median level of D-dimer was significantly elevated among patients in ICU and those who died compared to non-ICU patients and those who survived. Moreover, C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were significantly higher at T0 compared to T1 in ICU and non-ICU patients. The median level of IL-12p70 was significantly higher in patients >60 years compared to those ≤60 years (p = 0.0209). Our data are in agreement with previous reports suggesting the importance of IL-6, CRP, and IL-12p70 in the assessment of risk of severe disease and mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fungal infections have become a major public health issue with dramatically increasing morbidity, mortality and cost of hospitalization. Azole antifungals are first‐in‐line medications against most types of mycoses and azoles having an oxime moiety, although not extensively investigated, were reported to have great antifungal potential, as well as, activity against Gram‐positive bacteria. In the current study, a new series of 2‐(1H‐imidazol‐1‐yl)‐1‐phenylethanone oxime esters (5 a–l) were synthesized and tested for their antimicrobial activities. The sorbic acid ester (5 c) was found to be highly promising against Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis (MIC=4 μg/ml). In addition, 5 c was not toxic to the healthy murine fibroblast. Molecular modelling suggested that the compounds were druglike, orally available, not substrates of efflux pumps, and probably acted through fungal CYP51 inhibition, which is the major action mechanism of azole antifungals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metal‐exchanged zeolites are well‐known propane dehydrogenation (PDH) catalysts; however, the structure of the active species remains unresolved. In this review, existing PDH catalysts are first surveyed, and then the current understanding of metal‐exchanged zeolite catalysts is described in detail. The case of Ga/H‐ZSM‐5 is employed to showcase that advances in the understanding of structure–activity relations are often accompanied by technological or conceptional breakthroughs. The understanding of Ga speciation at PDH conditions has evolved owing to the advent of in situ/operando characterizations and to the realization that the local coordination environment of Ga species afforded by the zeolite support has a decisive impact on the active site structure. In situ/operando quantitative characterization of catalysts, rigorous determination of intrinsic reaction rates, and predictive computational modeling are all significant in identifying the most active structure in these complex systems. The reaction mechanism could be both intricately related to and nearly independent of the details of the assumed active structure, as in the two main proposed PDH mechanisms on Ga/H‐ZSM‐5, that is, the carbenium mechanism and the alkyl mechanism. Perspectives on potential approaches to further elucidate the active structure of metal‐exchanged zeolite catalysts and reaction mechanisms are discussed in the final section. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hexavalent chromium [Cr(Ⅵ)] is a highly toxic contaminant in aquatic systems, and microalgae represent promising bioremediators of metal‐containing wastewater. However, the metal‐binding capacity of algal cells is limited. Therefore, we improved the cellular Cr(Ⅵ) biosorption capacity of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii by overexpressing the sulfate transporter gene SULTR2. SULTR2 was predominantly located in the cytoplasm of the cell, and few proteins mobilized to the cell membrane as a Cr transporter under Cr stress conditions. Intracellular Cr accumulation was almost doubled in SULTR2‐overexpressing transgenic strains after exposure to 30 μM K2Cr2O7 for 4 d. Alginate‐based immobilization increased the rate of Cr removal from 43.81% to 88.15% for SULTR2‐overexpressing transgenic strains after exposure to 10 μM K2Cr2O7 for 6 d. The immobilized cells also displayed a significant increase in nutrient removal efficiency compared to that of free‐swimming cells. Therefore, SULTR2 overexpression in algae has a great potential for the bioremediation of Cr(Ⅵ)‐containing wastewater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dimethyl sulfoxide solution of N‐(2‐hydroxynapthylidene)‐L‐isoleucinyl‐4,6‐O‐ethylidene‐β‐D‐glucopyranosylamine (L1) affords single crystals of its ketoenamine configuration. The noncovalent intermolecular interactions present in the molecules have been explored by Hirshfeld surface analysis and 2D fingerprint plots generated using crystallographic data. The structural parameters of L1 in both the tautomeric forms (ketoenamine and phenolimine) at ground states have been optimized using Hartree–Fock and density functional theory calculations in gaseous and solution phases. The Fourier transform infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance, and UV–visible spectra of this molecule have been compared with the theoretically calculated data of both the tautomeric forms. Additionally, Mulliken population analysis, molecular electrostatic potential, and natural bond order analysis provide a better understanding of charge distribution, presence of electrophilic/nucleophilic sites, and intramolecular charge transfer, respectively, in the molecule. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Faujasite is one of the most industrially employed zeolite for its catalytic properties. The strong Brønsted bulk bridging Al−OH−Si sites are often thought to be the main origin of the Brønsted acidity of faujasite. However, many reactions also take place at the surface of the material and of its mesopores, where other types of acid sites exist. This study aims at unraveling the nature and strength of faujasite bulk and surface acid sites. Using Density Functional Theory (DFT), we rank the faujasite acid sites based on their stability, investigate their dehydration properties, and study their Brønsted and Lewis acidity via the adsorption of pyridine. Calculations are performed on cells with high (47 for bulk cells and about 300 for surface slabs) and low Si/Al ratio (about 3) and on cells containing defects under the form of silanol nests. These environments generate Brønsted acid sites of various strengths, and strong Lewis acid sites, even in the absence of extra‐framework species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chronic inflammation plays an important role in hypertensive heart failure. Suppressing angiotensin II (Ang II)‐induced cardiac inflammation may contribute to the treatment of hypertension‐associated heart failure. Sclareol, a natural product initially isolated from the leaves and flowers of Salvia sclarea, possesses antiinflammatory and immune‐regulation activity in various systems. However, its effect on Ang II‐induced cardiac remodeling remains unknown. In this study, we have explored the potential effects of sclareol on Ang II‐induced heart failure. In vivo experiments were conducted in mice with Ang II‐pump infusion for 28 days. Sclareol administration at 5 mg·kg−1·d−1 significantly reduced the expression of myocardial injury markers. Sclareol also exerts protective effects against Ang II‐induced cardiac dysfunction in mice which is associated with alleviated cardiac inflammation and fibrosis. Transcriptome analysis revealed that inhibition of the Ang II‐activated mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway contributed to the protective effect of sclareol. Sclareol inhibits Ang II‐activated MAPKs pathway to reduce inflammatory response in mouse hearts and cultured cardiomyocytes. Blockage of MAPKs in cardiomyocytes abolished the antiinflammatory effects of sclareol. In conclusion, we show that sclareol protects hearts against Ang II‐induced injuries through inhibiting MAPK‐mediated inflammation, indicating the potential use of sclareol in the prevention of hypertensive heart failure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An Extensive Literature Search (ELS) to collect and identify all studies published since 2010 and relevant to the topic mineral oil hydrocarbons in combination with the substance group characterisation, occurrence in food and toxicity was performed in the three databases PubMed, Web of Science and SciFinder® for six Areas. After combination of the searches from the three databases and removal of the duplicates, the total number of references is 2504. The evaluation of all retrieved references for relevance by screening the title and abstract and applying eligibility criteria (inclusion/exclusion) resulted in a total number of relevant references for Area 1 of 55, for Area 2 of 27, for Area 3 of 15, for Area 4 of 21 for Area 5 of 1 and for Area 6 of 6. The total number of relevant references was 93. However, for the substance group POH no relevant reference was identified. Additionally, there are 4 references additionally, which could not be clearly assigned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The rapid prevalence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has caused a pandemic worldwide and affected the lives of millions. The potential fatality of the disease has led to global public health concerns. Apart from clinical practice, artificial intelligence (AI) has provided a new model for the early diagnosis and prediction of disease based on machine learning (ML) algorithms. In this study, we aimed to make a prediction model for the prognosis of COVID‐19 patients using data mining techniques. Methods: In this study, a data set was obtained from the intelligent management system repository of 19 hospitals at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in Iran. All patients admitted had shown positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test results. They were hospitalized between February 19 and May 12 in 2020, which were investigated in this study. The extracted data set has 8621 data instances. The data include demographic information and results of 16 laboratory tests. In the first stage, preprocessing was performed on the data. Then, among 15 laboratory tests, four of them were selected. The models were created based on seven data mining algorithms, and finally, the performances of the models were compared with each other. Results: Based on our results, the Random Forest (RF) and Gradient Boosted Trees models were known as the most efficient methods, with the highest accuracy percentage of 86.45% and 84.80%, respectively. In contrast, the Decision Tree exhibited the least accuracy (75.43%) among the seven models. Conclusion: Data mining methods have the potential to be used for predicting outcomes of COVID‐19 patients with the use of lab tests and demographic features. After validating these methods, they could be implemented in clinical decision support systems for better management and providing care to severe COVID‐19 patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rutin is a flavonoid present in many plant species. Because of its antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties, rutin is of interest for its potential protective effects against toxic agents. The hepatoprotective, renoprotective, and cardioprotective effects of rutin are reviewed. The antioxidant effects of rutin are elicited by enhancing antioxidant enzymes such as GST, GGT, CAT, GPx, SOD, and GR, activating the Nrf2/HO‐1 pathway, elevating GSH content, and the reduction in MDA. The anti‐inflammatory effects of rutin are mediated by the inhibition of IL‐1β, IL‐6, TGF‐β1, COX‐2, iNOS, TLR4, and XO. Rutin exerted its antiapoptotic effects by inhibition of free radicals, caspase‐3/‐7/‐9, hsp70, HMGB1, and p53, and the elevation of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl‐2. Rutin has potential therapeutic effectiveness against several toxicants, and its beneficial effects are more than likely mediated by its antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and/or antiapoptotic property. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The valorization of low‐grade industrial residues into valuable materials has been a way to reduce the impact of the industry on planetary boundaries. Silicon‐rich wastes have been used for zeolite synthesis while the impurities originating from wastes have a vital role in the physicochemical properties and the catalytic performance of waste‐derived zeolites. Here, the effect of steaming and the impact of impurities on waste‐derived zeolites were investigated. Steamed waste‐derived zeolite ZSM‐5 maintained their structure while their Brønsted acidity was decreased significantly due to dealumination. Electron paramagnetic resonance revealed that steaming of the samples resulted in the re‐dispersion of Fe impurities phases. The waste‐derived zeolites exhibited a high amount of weak and intermediate acidity upon steaming. Interestingly, the waste‐derived sample with a higher amount of impurities had an increase in Lewis acidity upon steaming, while catalytic testing in the Methanol‐to‐Hydrocarbons reaction exhibited 10 % higher conversion and 4 % in propylene yield. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Friedel‐Crafts alkylation is one of the most important catalytic reactions in organic chemistry. Recently, hierarchical zeolites have exhibited superior catalytic performance in such liquid‐phase batch reactions. However, for practical application, it is of significance to evaluate their catalytic performance in Friedel‐Crafts fixed‐bed alkylation. In this work, we prepare hierarchical zeolites by post‐treatment, of which the structures are confirmed by XRD patterns and N2 adsorption‐ desorption tests. Then, a fixed‐bed reactor is employed to investigate their catalytic performance in series of benzylation reactions. The results indicate that hierarchical zeolites have superior anti‐deactivation ability in the benzylation reactions, especially when react with p‐xylene or mesitylene, the BA conversion maintained nearly 100 % in 300 min, much better than that of micropore zeolites. These results suggest that hierarchical zeolites have a potential industrial application for Friedel‐Crafts fixed‐bed alkylation than conventional zeolites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Faujasite (X, Y) zeolites are considered the main and important catalysts in hydrorefining processes. In order to obtain zeolites with higher acidity and volume of mesopores, post‐synthesis modification, dealumination by different pickling techniques (using ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid [EDTA] chelating agent), and thermal treatment (calcination) were employed. The dealumination process led to the removal of the aluminum atoms from the zeolite structure and a rise in acidity while maintaining the zeolite crystalline lattice. X‐ray diffraction (XRD), atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), Fourier‐transform infrared (FT‐IR), field‐emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), and temperature‐programmed desorption of ammonia (NH3‐TPD) analyses were performed to study the physicochemical characteristics of the zeolite and catalysts prepared. Atomic absorption spectroscopy showed an increase in the Si/Al ratio in the modified zeolites. Measuring the surface area of zeolite and the volume of the pores through BET‐BJH and t‐plot methods indicated a reduction in the surface area and an increase in the volume of the pores. Under the influence of the dealumination process, the volume of the mesopores in the modified zeolites increased from 0.056 cm3 g−1 in the initial zeolite (Na‐X) to 0.2105 cm3 g−1 (zeolite X1). The acidity of the modified zeolites (X1) increased from 0.32–0.95 mmol NH3/g. The application of the catalysts containing X1 zeolite in the hydrodesulphurization (HDS) process yielded a product with less sulphur (conversion = 87.5%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three‐dimensional printing has proven to be a convenient and effective method for manufacturing structured electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbers with adjustable EMW absorption characteristics. In this study, composites of multi‐walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) and polyamide 12 (PA12) were prepared via wet dispersion and mechanical ball milling followed by melt extrusion. The effects of different levels of MWCNT content on the EMW absorption and mechanical properties of the MWCNT/PA12 composite were examined. Within the MWCNT content from 7 to 12 wt%, the flexural strength of the composite increases with the addition of MWCNT, and the impact strength, tensile strength, and volume resistivity of the composite decrease with the addition MWCNT. With regard to the best impedance matching, when sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate was used as the dispersant, the lowest reflection loss observed herein for the MWCNT/PA12 composite was −20 dB, which was achieved with an MWCNT content of 10 wt%. Furthermore, the composite exhibited superior mechanical properties. The tensile and flexural moduli of the composite were 18.85% and 33.97% higher than those of pure PA12, respectively. Moreover, the MWCNT/PA12 composite was proven to be a high performance modeling material suitable for fused deposition modeling. And the tensile strength, flexural modulus, and impact strength of the printed samples can reach 94.45%, 92.94%, and 85.51% of those of the injection‐molded samples, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Non‐adherence to medical regimens among patients with diabetes is a well‐recognized concern in health care. Modified information, motivation, behavioural skills (IMB) model by adding an emotion component to it was tested to explore predictors of treatment adherence among 1,125 Iranian patients with diabetes type I (T1D) and type II (T2D) and due to other medical conditions. The modified IMB model explained 35% of the treatment adherence with large effect‐sizes f2 = 0.56 to 0.69. Self‐compassion and interpersonal communication between staff and patients (ICSP) were significant predictors of treatment adherence among patients with T1D, T2D and diabetes due to other medical conditions, while both outperformed the other significant predictors of treatment adherence, i.e., illness perception and social support in all groups. Distress intolerance was a significant predictor of treatment adherence only in patients with T2D. In addition, patients, based on their type of diabetes, exhibited different patterns of illness perception in predicting treatment adherence. Among T2D patients and those with diabetes due to other medical conditions, gender (male; only in T2D) and being single were significant predictors of treatment adherence, while age and diabetes duration were not. Finally, the model demonstrated that above and beyond demographic features, self‐compassion, interpersonal communication between patients and health care staff, distress intolerance, perceived social support and illness perception were significant predictors of treatment adherence among patients with diabetes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding the acid sites on zeolites is vital for the establishment of catalyst structure–activity relationship and exploration of their potential applications in heterogeneous catalysis. Here, we report the identification of active framework Lewis acid sites on ZSM‐5 zeolites. The structures of framework‐associated tri‐coordinated Al that is bonding with hydroxyl groups are determined by using one‐ dimensional (1D) 31P and two‐dimensional (2D) 31P‐{27Al} NMR spectroscopy of trimethylphosphine oxide probe molecule. 2D 13C‐{27Al} NMR correlation experiments allow the observation of favorable formation of methoxy species on the framework‐associated Al Lewis acid sites in methanol reaction at low temperature, which is corroborated by density functional theory calculations. These methoxy species contribute to the further conversion of methanol to hydrocarbons as active C1 species. The results provide new insights into the Lewis acidity of zeolites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stroke-related disabilities can have a major negative effect on the economic well-being of the person. When left untreated, a stroke can be fatal. According to the findings of this study, people who have had strokes generally have abnormal biosignals. Patients will be able to obtain prompt therapy in this manner if they are carefully monitored; their biosignals will be precisely assessed and real-time analysis will be performed. On the contrary, most stroke diagnosis and prediction systems rely on image analysis technologies such as CT or MRI, which are not only expensive but also hard to use. In this study, we develop a machine learning algorithm for the prediction of stroke in the brain, and this prediction is carried out from the real-time samples of electromyography (EMG) data. The study uses synthetic samples for training the support vector machine (SVM) classifier and then the testing is conducted in real-time samples. To improve the accuracy of prediction, the samples are generated using the data augmentation principle, which supports training with vast data. The simulation is conducted to test the efficacy of the model, and the results show that the proposed classifier achieves a higher rate of classification accuracy than the existing methods. Furthermore, it is seen that the rate of precision, recall, and f-measure is higher in the proposed SVM than in other methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An effective method is proposed to synthesize a hierarchical Co‐doped AlPO4 molecular sieve (CoAIP‐CTAB). For the obtained zeolite, both framework and extra framework Co are firstly established and identified by X‐ray absorption fine structure (XAFS). The percentage of framework Co (P–O–Co–O–P) is estimated to be 82%. Due to the hierarchical structure and abundant Co sites in the framework, CoAIP‐CTAB nanocrystals have shown high catalytic activity and stability for the catalytic conversion of n‐butenes to isobutene at mild temperature (350 °C) without gas dilution. This novel synthesis strategy may inspire the design of similar types of industrial zeolite catalysts for selective reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An omni-directional inset fed wideband microstrip patch antenna (MPA) for Sub-6 GHz applications has been presented. Initially, a slotted small patch antenna with a full ground plane is designed and then partial ground plane and electromagnetically coupled parasitic elements have been incorporated and optimized to get desired performance. The volume of the studied antenna is 40 × 40 × 1.575 mm3 having a partial ground plane. Rogers RT 5880 is used as the dielectric substrate tier. The simulated operating band of the MPA ranges from 2.67 GHz to 4.20 GHz, covering the N77 and N78 bands with a centre operating frequency of 3.29 GHz. The antenna can also be used for WiMAX rel 2 (3.4–3.6 GHz) applications. After fabrication and testing, the antenna also shows almost the same working band extending from 2.67 GHz to 4.15 GHz. The use of a partial ground plane plays a vital role in making it an omni-directional antenna, and the existence of a rectangular parasitic element in the ground plane influences the improvement of gain and directivity of the antenna. The designed MPA allows it to run as a wide band antenna with a good reflection coefficient profile, high average efficiency, and 1 < VSWR < 2. At a resonant tip of 3.29 GHz, the simulated gain and directivity are 3.16 dB and 3.38 dBi, respectively. The measured gain is slightly higher than the simulated gain. The computer simulation technology (CST) is used for modelling and exploring all the performance matrices of the antenna. The results of the fabricated prototype present very good similarity with the simulated results and both simulated and measured results also support the Sub-6 GHz band. The antenna prototype shows a very well balanced set of radiation characteristics with a miniaturized volume and high efficiency. Therefore, the inset fed MPA can be contemplated as a candid model for Sub-6 GHz band applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polluted organic dyes in water are considered as some of the most serious problems affecting humans. Adsorption techniques using traditional adsorbents such as clay, zeolite, silica, active carbon, and polymers are low cost, safe, and efficient for the treatment of organic dyes in contaminated water. However, traditional adsorbents usually have low adsorption capacity (qmax). To improve qmax, graphene oxide (GO) is considered as an excellent adsorption enhancer owing to its two‐dimensional single atomic layer material of sp2‐hybridised carbon atoms arranged in a honeycomb lattice structure with high surface area, high solubility, good chemical stability, strong mechanical strength, and excellent thermal stability. In this review, the synthesis and advantage results on improving the adsorption efficiency and qmax when applying GO‐based nanocomposites as nanosorbents for organic‐dye removal are systematised and discussed in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]