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Bulk tin‐based monochalcogenides are composed of earth‐abundant, low‐cost, and non‐toxic chemical elements, which possess high thermoelectric properties making them candidate for waste heat recovery applications. Bandgap engineering offers opportunity to customize the characteristics of semiconductors as desired applications in microelectronic, thermoelectric, and so on. The bandgap of tin‐based monochalcogenides is systematically regulated by the solid‐solution method. The thermal and optical properties of SnSe(1–x)Sx (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) single crystals, synthesized successfully by a home‐modified Bridgman method, have been systematically investigated. A variety of characterizations, including x‐ray diffraction, electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, absorbance spectroscopy, and thermal analyzer, are employed to confirm the precise tuning of the component. As the S compositions increased from 0 to 1, the unit cell parameter, interplanar spacing, and optical phonon frequency exhibited a linear change, aligning with the expected bandgap shifts and calculated results. Our work will promote the advancement of the SnSe and SnS materials in areas including thermoelectricity and photovoltaics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Much effort in the past few years has been made in tunnelling, however, no work has been reported so far on how to maintain the maximum tunnelling of complex optical fields in waveguides, due to the limitations of existing physical mechanisms. Here, a new paradigm is presented for realizing anomalous wave tunnelling through a general effective double‐barrier model constructed by dispersion engineering, while preserving mode information. The observed tunnelling mechanism is corroborated well by experimental results in the microwave realm. Specifically, evanescent waves bridge the gap between external space and potential well, allowing us to modulate the leaky modes within the potential well and thus achieve multiple resonant tunnelling. Due to the constant phase difference between adjacent maximum tunnelling, such mechanism broadens the potential of binary integrated devices. For example, assembling the tunnelling unit into arrays straightforwardly alleviates the trade‐off dilemma between diffraction law and cut‐off frequency. In addition, this approach provides an ideal toolbox for achieving multifunctional tunnelling across waveguide modes of various orders or polarizations, which can boost various applications in optical filters, tunneling lasers, optical switching, and sensing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aims: The annual incidence of early‐onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) is increasing at an alarming rate. The prognosis of EOCRC remains controversial, and whether the early onset is a risk factor for colorectal cancer remains unclear. Methods: We searched four electronic bibliographic databases from database inception to April 25, 2022 for studies that included both early‐ and later‐onset patients and performed a prognostic analysis. Random‐effects models were used to summarize the prognostic information extracted by the investigators, including overall survival (OS), cancer‐special survival (CSS), and disease‐free survival (DFS). Network meta‐analysis (NMA) was used to compare patients' long‐term prognoses in different age subgroups. Results: After 694 reports were screened, 13 studies were included in the final analysis, with a total of 448,781 CRC cases. In the meta‐analysis of the 5‐year OS, EOCRC had a better prognosis compared to LOCRC (hazard ratio [HR] 0.87, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.74–0.99; relative risk [RR] 0.83, 95% CI, 0.78–0.89). No difference in prognosis was found between the two groups in terms of 5‐year CSS (RR 0.99, 95% CI, 0.93–1.05), 5‐year DFS (RR 0.90, 95% CI, 0.74–1.09), and short‐term OS. In the NMA, patients aged <30 years had the worst outcome (surface under the cumulative ranking curve [SUCRA], 15.8%) in 5‐year OS; consistent results were observed in the analysis of 5‐year CSS (<30 years, SUCRA 4.5%), but the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Although patients with early‐onset CRC had better OS than those with later‐onset CRC, there was no difference in the CSS. Meanwhile, the trend for survival was worse in younger patients, especially in those ages 18–29 years. Thus, more attention should be paid to early diagnosis and treatment of EOCRC. Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis Registration: The systematic review and Meta‐analysis protocol was registered with PROSPERO (registration number CRD42022334697). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, novel magnifying lenses have generated much attention, not only because of their intriguing physics but also for their ability to achieve real‐time super‐resolution imaging. However, these super‐resolution magnifying lenses have been limited to virtual imaging and narrow band hindering the practical applications of magnifying lens. Here, a method is proposed to design a real‐imaging magnifying lens with ultrabroadband super‐resolution real‐time imaging capability based on conformal transformation optics. As a proof of concept, a two dimensional (2D) magnifying lens is designed, and its ability of ultrabroadband real imaging (working bandwidth of 104% of central frequency) with sub‐diffraction resolution in the microwave region is experimentally verified. It is found that the designed 2D magnifying lens has good robustness of fabrication errors, which provides more flexibility for practical applications. Furthermore, a three dimensional (3D) magnifying lens is designed by rotating the 2D magnifying lens along its symmetric axis. The 3D magnifying lens also maintains excellent imaging performance consistent with the one of 2D magnifying lens. Both 2D and 3D magnifying lenses can be integrated into conventional microscopes, expanding their capabilities for color super‐resolution magnified real imaging and opening a new realm in ultrabroadband super‐resolution real imaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Surgical resection of the thymus is indicated in the presence of primary thymic diseases such as thymoma. Video‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) and robot‐assisted thoracic surgery (RATS) offer a minimally invasive approach to thymectomy. However, there is no clear conclusion whether RATS can achieve an equal or even better surgical effect when compared with VATS in treatment of thymoma. We performed this meta‐analysis to explore and compare the outcomes of RATS versus VATS for thymectomy in patients with thymoma. Methods: PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Medline, and Web of Science databases were searched for full‐text literature citations. The quality of the articles was evaluated using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale and the data analyzed using Review Manager 5.3 software. Fixed or random effect models were applied according to heterogeneity. Subgroup analysis was conducted. Results: A total of 11 studies with 1418 patients, of whom 688 patients were in the RATS group and 730 in the VATS group, were involved in the analysis. Compared with VATS, RATS was associated with less blood loss in operation, lower volume of drainage, fewer postoperative pleural drainage days, shorter postoperative hospital stay, and fewer postoperative complications. There was no significant difference in operative time and patients with or without myasthenia gravis between the two groups. Conclusions: RATS has more advantages over VATS, indicating that RATS is better than VATS in terms of postoperative recovery. We look forward to more large‐sample, high‐quality randomized controlled studies published in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer‐related death worldwide. Previous studies revealed that endoplasmic reticulum oxidoreductase 1 alpha (ERO1L) played critical roles in the malignant behaviors of several cancer types, but its role in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remained unclear. In this study, we identified 26 upregulated and 102 downregulated genes in NSCLC using bioinformatics analyses, and these genes were enriched in the biological processes of the cell cycle. ERO1L was remarkably upregulated in NSCLC and overexpression of ERO1L was associated with poor prognosis of NSCLC. ERO1L deficiency markedly suppressed NSCLC cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion. ERO1L depletion caused a dramatically decreased expression of cell cycle‐related factors in NSCLC cells. Collectively, our data validated that ERO1L could function as a tumor promoter in NSCLC, indicating the potential of targeting ERO1L for the treatment of NSCLC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: Osteocalcin contributes to the regulation of endocrine system. However, the association between osteocalcin and ketosis has not been evaluated. We thus aimed to explore the relationship between total osteocalcin and risk of ketosis in type 2 diabetes (T2DM).Materials and Methods: We identified 6157 diabetes patients from Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital between 1 January 2011 and 1 March 2017. Six hundred eight subjects were enrolled in the retrospective cross-sectional study: 304 T2DM patients with ketosis whose age, gender, and body mass index were matched with 304 T2DM patients without ketosis. A further retrospective nested case-control study was conducted in 252 T2DM patients without ketosis for a mean duration of 21.58 ± 12.43 months to investigate the occurrence of ketosis.Results: Osteocalcin levels were negatively correlated with blood ketones (adjusted r = -0.263) and urine ketones (adjusted r = -0.183). The inverse dose-dependent relationship of osteocalcin and risk of ketosis was present across osteocalcin level quintiles (top quintile as the reference, adjusted odds ratio [95% CI] = 2.56 [0.80-8.17], 3.71 [0.90-15.29], 10.77 [2.63-44.15], 23.81 [4.32-131.17] per osteocalcin quintile, respectively). Ketosis occurred in 17 of the 252 T2DM patients during follow-up. The Cox regression analysis indicated that osteocalcin was an independent protective factor against development of ketosis (adjusted hazard ratio [95% CI]: 0.668 [0.460-0.971]).Conclusions: Total osteocalcin can be used as a predictor of ketosis in T2DM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Whether the combination of inter-arm and inter-leg systolic blood pressure differences (BPDs) and ankle-brachial index is of clinical significance remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association of the combination of inter-limb systolic BPDs with cardiovascular risk factors and hypertension-mediated organ damage (HMOD). A total of 2621 elderly subjects from the Northern Shanghai Study were divided into Group A, B, and C consisting of participants with 0, 1, and ≥2 abnormal inter-limb systolic BPDs, respectively. Comparisons of cardiovascular risk factors and parameters of cardiac, vascular, and renal damage between groups and logistic regression models were conducted. The proportions of subjects presenting 0, 1, and ≥2 abnormal inter-limb systolic BPDs were 60.9%, 25.1%, and 14.0%, respectively. Upward trends, from Group A, through Group B, to Group C, were observed for the level or prevalence of nearly all cardiovascular risk factors and HMOD (P for trend ≤0.007 for all). In multiple logistic regression, Group C showed significantly higher odds for carotid plaque (vs Group A: Odds ratio [OR] = 1.88, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.43-2.48; vs Group B: OR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.08-1.97), arterial stiffness (vs Group A: OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 0.96-1.65; vs Group B: OR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.01-1.83), and left ventricular hypertrophy (vs Group A: OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.04-1.76; vs Group B: OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 0.93-1.67), when compared with Group A and B. In conclusion, the combination of abnormal inter-limb systolic BPDs significantly associates with greater burden of cardiovascular risk factors and higher likelihood for HMOD, especially carotid plaque, arterial stiffness, and left ventricular hypertrophy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a bacterial cellulose (BC) producing strain was isolated from Kombucha tea and identified as Komagataeibacter hansenii JR‐02 by morphological, physiological, and biochemical characterization and 16S rRNA sequence. Then, the media components and culture conditions for BC production were optimized. Result showed that the highest BC yield was 3.14 ± 0.22 and 8.36 ± 0.19 g/L after fermentation for 7 days under shaking and static cultivation, respectively. Moreover, it was interesting that JR‐02 could produce BC in nitrogen‐free medium with the highest yield of 0.76 ± 0.06 g/L/7days, and the possible nitrogen fixation gene nifH was cloned from its genomic DNA. The BC produced by JR‐02 was type‐I cellulose with high crystallinity and thermodynamic stability, which was revealed from Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis methods. The crystallinity of static and shaking cultured BC were 91.76% and 90.69%, respectively. The maximum rate of weight loss of static and shaking BC occurred at temperature of approximately 373.1 °C and 369.1 °C, respectively. Overall, these results indicated that K. hansenii JR‐02 had great potential to produce high crystallinity type‐I BC in manufacture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The deployment of more and more power electronic devices results in the sub‐synchronous oscillation caused by sub/super‐synchronous harmonics associated with inverter‐based renewable power generators (IRPGs). New measurement devices are needed to monitor the operation states of renewable power generator (RPG) areas. In this study, a synchronised measurement device for power systems with high penetration of IRPGs (SMD‐R) is proposed and developed. Unlike traditional synchronised measurement devices, an SMD‐R is able to perform real‐time inter‐harmonics and fundamental phasor estimation that are reported by different data frames in different rates by being installed inside a wind turbine or an integration station of RPG. The integration of SMD‐R and the message format for inter‐harmonics are outlined. A spectrum line curve fitting based algorithm is proposed to estimate inter‐harmonics via a short data window. To track the dynamic process of RPG areas fast and precisely, an adaptive fundamental phasor algorithm based on phasor parameter behaviours identification is developed. The proposed SMD‐R is implemented in a CompactRIO of National Instruments. Experiment results verify the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed device. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

More and more inter‐harmonics are brought to the power grid due to the integration of renewables and the wide‐area deployments of the electronic devices. This may lead to the exacerbation power system stability problems such as the subsynchronous oscillation in western China. The synchronisation and high‐reporting rates of phasor measurement units (PMUs) make them an effective tool to monitor the appearance, propagation and distribution of inter‐harmonics for protection and control strategies. In this study, the instantaneous powers of the single phase and the three phase that contain inter‐harmonics are analysed. The phasor value of the signal containing the inter‐harmonics is computed. It is found that the analysis based on the instantaneous power, phasor magnitude or phasor angle cannot distinguish whether the harmonic is subsynchronous or supersynchronous. Then, an inter‐harmonics monitoring method that is based on complex numbers of phasor measured by PMUs is proposed in this study. This proposed method has been implemented in the main station of the wide‐area measurement system in western China. A number of field data events are used to verify the correctness of the theoretical derivations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To compare central and brachial blood pressure (BP) in the association of target organ damage (TOD) in a community-based elderly population, 1599 (aged 71.4 ± 6.1 years) participants in northern Shanghai were recruited. TOD included left ventricular hypertrophy (n = 1556), left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (n = 1524), carotid plaque (n = 1558), arteriosclerosis (n = 1485), and microalbuminuria (n = 1516). Both central and brachial BP significantly correlated with TOD. In full-model regression, central BP was significantly associated with all TOD (P ≤ .04), whereas brachial BP was only significantly associated with left ventricular hypertrophy and arteriosclerosis (P ≤ .01). Similarly, in stepwise regression, central BP was significantly associated with left ventricular hypertrophy, left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, arteriosclerosis, and microalbuminuria (P ≤ .04), while brachial BP was not associated with any TOD. Receiver operating characteristic analyses indicated that central BP identified arteriosclerosis and microalbuminuria better than brachial BP (P ≤ .01). In conclusion, central BP showed superiority over brachial BP in the association of hypertensive TOD in a community-based elderly population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CF2H-substituted pyrazolines were synthesized by [3+2] cycloaddition between in situ generated CF2HCHN2 and electron-deficient alkenes. The representative CF2H-substituted pyrazoline was easily oxidized into the CF2H-substituted pyrazole, which are important in agrochemistry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigated the relationship between number of weekly working hours and the prevalence of diabetes in the urban Chinese population. Data regarding anthropometric measurements, fasting blood glucose level and number of hours worked per week were collected from 2228 workers in Shanghai, China (Mage = 44 years; 64% men). Participants were divided into three groups according to the number of hours worked per week (<45, 45–54 and ≥55), and multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted with diabetes as the dependent variable. Subjects with a HbA1c of 6.5% or above or those prescribed anti‐diabetic medications were defined as having diabetes. The multivariate adjusted odds ratio for having diabetes was found to be significantly higher for those who worked ≥55 h per week compared with those who worked <45 h per week, but only for men. This finding indicates that working long hours could be a risk factor for diabetes in Chinese male workers. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new method has been developed for the copper-mediated trifluoromethylthiolation of allylic halides by using potassium fluoride, elemental sulfur, and (trifluoromethyl)trimethylsilane in anhydrous N, N-dimethylformamide. This protocol provides facile access to a variety of allylic trifluoromethyl thioethers in moderate to good yields under mild, ligand-free reaction conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes a concise and practical route to (+)-subersic acid from naturally occurring (−)-Sclareol in 7 steps. The key step of this route relied on the cross coupling of the diterpene with the arene fragment using the arylation of allylic acetate followed by β-acetoxy elimination type Heck reaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environmental carcinogen benzo( a)pyrene (BaP) has been shown to be a genotoxicant that affects both nuclear DNA (nDNA) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF-1) is a transcriptional activator of nuclear genes that encode a range of mitochondrial proteins including mitochondrial transcription factor A (mtTFA). However, the role of NRF-1 in BaP-induced mitochondrial event is not clear. We investigated the change of NRF-1 and mtTFA in human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE) elicited by BaP. The results indicated that BaP induced cell apoptosis, total mitochondrial enzymes activities and ATP levels decrease in dose- and time-dependent manners, respectively. The transcription and protein levels of NRF-1 and mtTFA decreased at 48 h after 16 μM BaP treatment. Our results indicated downregulation of NRF-1 and mtTFA is involved in BaP-induced mitochondrial events. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 29: 780-787, 2014. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation is a fundamental process during hard palatogenesis. Excessive retinoic acid (RA), the biologically most active metabolite of vitamin A, has been reported to adversely affect chondrogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms underlying RA-induced chondrocyte differentiation by using human fetal palatal chondrocytes (hFPCs) aging about 9 weeks of amenorrhea. RA treatment inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in hFPCs. Alkaline phosphatase activity assay, quantitative alcian blue staining, and real-time PCR analysis revealed that RA treatment stimulated hFPCs to undergo maturation and terminal differentiation, as demonstrated by decreased chondrogenic markers and increased osteogenic markers. Further studies demonstrated that RA treatment increased Wnt/β-catenin signaling, as demonstrated by Wnt/β-catenin target gene expression analysis and a luciferase-based β-catenin-activated reporter assay. To address the role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, we treated hFPCs with Dickkopf-related protein 1, an extracellular inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and the observed all-trans retinoic acid-mediated increases in nuclear accumulation of β-catenin, alkaline phosphatase activity, and type I collagen mRNA were attenuated, suggesting that RA modulated Wnt signaling at ligand-receptor level. In summary, excessive all-trans retinoic acid inhibited proliferation and promoted ossification of hFPCs by upregulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sarcolemmal Na+/ H+ exchanger 1 ( NHE1) activity is essential for the intracellular pH (pHi) homeostasis in cardiac myocytes. Emerging evidence indicates that sarcolemmal NHE1 dysfunction was closely related to cardiomyocyte death, but it remains unclear whether defective trafficking of NHE1 plays a role in the vital cellular signalling processes. Dynamin ( DNM), a large guanosine triphosphatase ( GTPase), is best known for its roles in membrane trafficking events. Herein, using co-immunoprecipitation, cell surface biotinylation and confocal microscopy techniques, we investigated the potential regulation on cardiac NHE1 activity by DNM. We identified that DNM2, a cardiac isoform of DNM, directly binds to NHE1. Overexpression of a wild-type DNM2 or a dominant-negative DNM2 mutant with defective GTPase activity in adult rat ventricular myocytes ( ARVMs) facilitated or retarded the internalization of sarcolemmal NHE1, whereby reducing or increasing its activity respectively. Importantly, the increased NHE1 activity associated with DNM2 deficiency led to ARVMs apoptosis, as demonstrated by cell viability, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labelling assay, Bcl-1/Bax expression and caspase-3 activity, which were effectively rescued by pharmacological inhibition of NHE1 with zoniporide. Thus, our results demonstrate that disruption of the DNM2-dependent retrograde trafficking of NHE1 contributes to cardiomyocyte apoptosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we investigated the role of nuclear respiratory factor-1(NRF-1) in benzo(a)pyrene (BaP)-induced mitochondrial events in human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE). Cytotoxicity was determined with MTT assay, and apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry. The results showed that BaP inhibited cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner and induced apoptosis in 16HBE cells. Time-dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation induced by BaP was observed in 16HBE cells. The loss of mitochondrial membrane permeability transition (MPT) was obtained by a laser scanning confocal microscope, and the decreasing ATP level was detected by a Cell-Titer-Glo® Luminescent Cell Viability Assay. Results of western blotting assay revealed that both NRF-1 and mitochondrial transcription factor A (mtTFA) decreased in 12-μM BaPtreated cells at both 12 and 24 hr. The results of RT-PCR indicate that NRF-1 and mtTFA mRNA in 16HBE cells were not changed after BaP treatment 12 or 24 hr. Down-regulation of NRF-1 by shRNA further reduced the loss of MPT and increased ROS generation in response to BaP treatment. Therefore, our results demonstrate that NRF-1 is responsible for BaP-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in 16HBE cells and associated with the level of mtTFA protein, loss of MPT and ROS overproduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents chemical equations related to an article "Ferric(III) Chloride Catalyzed Intramolecular Cyclization of N-Alkyl-2-oxo-acetanilides: A Facile Access to Isatins" by Y. Zheng and others, published in the periodical "Tetrahedron Letters" in 2016.

Using air as the oxidant, the PdCl2-catalyzed intramolecular cyclization of N-alkylglyoxalanilides gives the corresponding isatins in good to high yields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An abstract of the article "Concise Synthesis of (+)-Subersic Acid from (-)-Sclareol" by P. Wang and colleagues is presented.

A convenient process is described to convert a variety of allylic chlorides into allylic trifluoromethyl thioethers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Various substituted aromatic amines are oxidized by MCPBA in high yields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sarcolemmal Na(+) /H(+) exchanger 1 (NHE1) activity is essential for the intracellular pH (pHi ) homeostasis in cardiac myocytes. Emerging evidence indicates that sarcolemmal NHE1 dysfunction was closely related to cardiomyocyte death, but it remains unclear whether defective trafficking of NHE1 plays a role in the vital cellular signalling processes. Dynamin (DNM), a large guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase), is best known for its roles in membrane trafficking events. Herein, using co-immunoprecipitation, cell surface biotinylation and confocal microscopy techniques, we investigated the potential regulation on cardiac NHE1 activity by DNM. We identified that DNM2, a cardiac isoform of DNM, directly binds to NHE1. Overexpression of a wild-type DNM2 or a dominant-negative DNM2 mutant with defective GTPase activity in adult rat ventricular myocytes (ARVMs) facilitated or retarded the internalization of sarcolemmal NHE1, whereby reducing or increasing its activity respectively. Importantly, the increased NHE1 activity associated with DNM2 deficiency led to ARVMs apoptosis, as demonstrated by cell viability, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labelling assay, Bcl-1/Bax expression and caspase-3 activity, which were effectively rescued by pharmacological inhibition of NHE1 with zoniporide. Thus, our results demonstrate that disruption of the DNM2-dependent retrograde trafficking of NHE1 contributes to cardiomyocyte apoptosis., (© 2013 The Authors. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine Published by Foundation for Cellular and Molecular Medicine/Blackwell Publishing Ltd.)

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of anxiety and depression of the pregnant women during the prenatal period, and provide information for further epidemiological study., Methods: With ethics committee approval, a total of 527 recruited pregnant women from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji University Medical School were selected at four hospitals that affiliated to the University. By applying a self-designed questionnaire for hospital anxiety and depression (HAD) scale, we evaluated anxious and depressive symptoms in these women., Results: The prevalence rates of anxiety and depression in these Chinese pregnant women during prenatal period were 6.8% and 4.8%, respectively, whereas the co-prevalence rate of both anxiety and depression was 3.4%, and anxiety and/or depression 15.0%. The relationship between the prevalence rate of anxiety/depression and the age distribution was proven negatively correlated (chi2 = 1.478, P = 0.016) by the trend chi-squared test. Among all three groups, the prevalence rate of anxiety and depression was highest in the group of below 20 years old, lowest in the group of over 30 years old, and in-between in the group of 20 to 30 years old. Logistic regression analysis showed that lower age was a risk factor (odds ratio (OR) = 10.094, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.418-71.838). Meanwhile, poor educational background (OR = 1.929, 95% CI: 1.101-3.379) was a relevant risk factor as well., Conclusions: We suggest that introduction of psychological health instruction programs for pregnant women, especially the younger ones, should be strengthened. Besides, the essential intervention measures may be applied if necessary.