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A recent expedition to the protected areas of the Australian Capital Territory prompted the discovery of a new treehopper (Hemiptera: Membracidae) genus and species after a 20 year taxonomic hiatus. Wallacianagen. nov. is proposed to accommodate the type species Wallaciana barringtonensis (Day, 1999) comb. nov. (=Neocanthuchus barringtonensis Day, 1999) and Wallaciana namadgisp. nov., which are described and illustrated in detail. Key diagnostic traits are discussed in comparison to other members of the tribe, and DNA sequence data are provided for the holotype of W. namadgisp. nov. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although developing countries have developed various kinds of diaspora engagement policies (DEPs) to court foreign direct investment (FDI) from diaspora, we do not know whether these policies matter for investment promotion. Do DEPs contribute to attracting diaspora FDI? Under what conditions might DEPs be most effective at attracting this FDI? DEPs facilitate diaspora FDI by lowering legal, informational, and psychological barriers that diasporas confront when investing in the homeland. These barriers include FDI restrictions, information scarcity, and a lack of meaningful, harmonious ties to the homeland. DEPs are more effective in autocracies where high investment barriers exist and are especially so when they lower informational and psychological investment obstacles. An analysis of diaspora‐weighted FDI from the United States to 25 Asian countries from 2002–2011 lends some support to these claims. While DEPs do not affect diaspora‐weighted FDI flows per se, their positive impact is observed in autocracies, and DEPs' lowering of psychological obstacles drives this conditional impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the factors which created the anti-regime pressure that prompted the 2019 rebellion in Algeria although many factors associated with Algerian politics reduced the chances for mass protests in 2011. Topics include history of oil production in Algeria and hydrocarbon resources that it possesses, the belief that oil revenues delayed upheaval in Algeria, and the ineffective economic policies followed by the government to deal with inflation.

Spontaneously occurring soft tissue sarcoma ( STS) is relatively common in canine cancer patients. Because of the similarities to human disease, canine STSs are a valuable and readily available resource for the study of new therapeutics. In this study, a canine patient-derived xenograft ( PDX) model, CDX-STS2, was established. The CDX-STS2 model was engrafted and expanded for systemic administration studies with chemotherapeutic agents commonly used to treat STS, including doxorubicin, docetaxel and gemcitabine. Immunohistochemistry for drug-specific biomarkers and tumour growth measurement revealed tumour sensitivity to doxorubicin and docetaxel, whereas gemcitabine had no effect on tumour growth. Although many human PDX tumour models have been established, relatively few canine PDX models have been reported to date. CDX-STS2 represents a new STS PDX research model of canine origin that will be useful in bridging preclinical research with clinical studies of STS in pet dogs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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With the increasing desire for products suitable for widely varying markets worldwide, this study offers insight into capabilities associated with successful robust design in global product markets. These robust design capabilities (i.e., the possibility for success under varying circumstances or scenarios) are a potential organizational response to rapid change and uncertainty, which also improve the likelihood of product acceptance on a global basis. From literature, executive interviews, and anecdotal evidence, four capabilities associated with robust product design are derived: (1) functional; (2) aesthetic; (3) technological; and (4) quality based. A model is proposed and an empirical test conducted that considers the moderating influence of environmental uncertainty on the relationship between these robust capabilities and firm performance. The findings suggest that the use of robust design capabilities are affected by uncertainty and have an important influence on firm performance and speed to market. Specifically, the product development process tends to be characterized by aesthetic and technological robust design capabilities in more certain environments and functional robust design capabilities in more uncertain environments when seeking to improve firm performance. Alternatively, technological design capabilities in more certain environments and functional design capabilities in more uncertain environments are associated with improved speed to market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores differences in blame attributions between men and women in a consumer context. The first experiment finds that women blame a company more than men for a product harm crisis. A second experiment replicates these results in a different product harm crisis and suggests the process underlying these differences. The results of tests of mediation suggest that women blame a company more than men for a product harm crisis because they feel more personally vulnerable to a similar crisis occurring to them. The tests of mediation also show that empathic concern is not the reason driving the differences between men and women in consumer attributions of blame despite observed differences on this personality trait. The theoretical and practical implications of this research are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While world trading institutions such as GATT and its successor, the WTO, have made significant progress in addressing tariff barriers as well as some non-tariff barriers, trade disputes over product standards appear to be increasing in number and intensity. Product standards refer to measures governments take to ensure that products sold in their home market meet health, safety, and quality requirements consistent with the public interest. The longstanding controversy between the European Union and the United States over the export of hormone treated beef is used as a case study to illustrate the difficulty of resolving product standards disputes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a list of books and articles on the international business and management. Some of these books are: "Mobilizing Invisible Assets," by Hiroyuki Itami and Thomas W. Roehl; "The Reckoning," by David Halberstam; "Witness to History," by Armand Hammer; "The Technology War: A Case for Competitiveness," by David H. Brandin and Michael A. Harrison; "Alliance Politics and Economics: Multinational Joint Ventures in Commercial Aircraft," by David C. Mowers; "Strategic Management Research: A European Perspective," edited by John Mcgee and Howard Thomas; "Witness to History," by Armand Hammer; "Technology and Global Industry," edited by Bruce R. Guile and Harvey Brooks; and "The General Trading Company: Concept and Strategy," by Dong-Sung Cho.

The effects of two factors (congruity of product information with consumer expectations and perceived risk associated with the product) on strategies used by consumers to evaluate products are tested in the United States and Thailand. When product information does not match expectations, consumers in both cultures increase evaluation effort and shift from using summary representations stored in memory to evaluation based on actual product attributes. Perceived risk also enhances evaluation effort in both cultures, but does not result in a similar shift from category-based to attribute-based processing. ©1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines the response of the Middle East to the United States Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977 (FCPA) and the impact of the law on foreign relations. The author focuses on the premises for the opposition to FCPA by tracing the impact of the law and its subsequent investigations on the world. The author examines whether allegations of moral imperialism were correct and if they in fact had an effect on patterns of scandals and on government-announced cleanups of corruption. It has been investigated whether or not FCPA is appropriate, given current values in the developing world. The study also looks at cleanups-government announcements of intention to curb or eliminate corruption. Prior to 1975, cleanup campaigns were relatively rare. From 1975 on, many cleanups were announced by incumbent heads of state. These announcements were made significant by the implied assumption that corruption carried with it a negative connotation. It has been pointed out that during this period, the number of cleanups grew most likely as a result of increased government revenues and purchasing power. The greater purchasing power probably caused bribe inflations to escalate.

This article presents a list of books and articles, published in different journals related to marketing. Some of the books published are "Analysis of Cross-Border Shopping," "British Imports of Consumer Goods: A Study of Import Penetration," and "Marketing in the Tourism Industry." Some of the articles discussed are "British Imports Succeed in Japan's Changing Automobile Market," "Consumer Product Export Opportunities to Liberalizing LDCs: A Life-Cycle Approach," "Determinants and Effects of the Use of Made in Labels," "Export and Reverse Investment: Strategic Implications for Newly Industrialized Countries," "Host Country Intercompany Pricing Rules for Exportation of Intangibles," and "Sourcing Strategies of European and Japanese Multinationals: A Comparison."

This article presents a list of books and articles, published in different journals related to law. Some of the books published are "Competitive Freedom Versus National Security Regulation," and "International Business Transactions in a Nutshell." Some of the articles discussed are "Applicable Law in International Arbitration: The Iran-U.S. Claims Tribunal Experience," published in the April 1989 issue of the journal "American Journal of International Law," "Application of Patents to Computer Technology: U.K. and the Epo Harmonisation," published in the February 1989 issue of the journal "European Intellectual Property Review," "Despite Progress, Intellectual Property Still at Risk in China," published in the March 27, 1989 issue of the journal "Business Asia," "India's GE Settlement Sends Positive Legal Signals," published in the March 27, 1989 issue of the journal "Business Asia," "International Antitrust Enforcement in the George Bush Administration: The Enforcement Guidelines and Beyond," published in the Journal of World Trade," and "Protection of Computer Programs Under the Computer Program Protection Law of the Republic of Korea," published in the 1989 issue of "Harvard International Law Journal."