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Near‐infrared region (NIR; 650–1700 nm) dyes offer many advantages over traditional dyes with absorption and emission in the visible region. However, developing new NIR dyes, especially organic dyes with long wavelengths, small molecular weight, and excellent stability and biocompatibility, is still quite challenging. Herein, we present a general method to enhance the absorption and emission wavelengths of traditional fluorophores by simply appending a charge separation structure, dihydropyridopyrazine. These novel NIR dyes not only exhibited greatly redshifted wavelengths compared to their parent dyes, but also displayed a small molecular weight increase together with retained stability and biocompatibility. Specifically, dye NIR‐OX, a dihydropyridopyra‐zine derivative of oxazine with a molecular mass of 386.2 Da, exhibited an absorption at 822 nm and an emission extending to 1200 nm, making it one of the smallest molecular‐weight NIR‐II emitting dyes. Thanks to its rapid metabolism and long wave‐length, NIR‐OX enabled high‐contrast bioimaging and assessment of cholestatic liver injury in vivo and also facilitated the evalua‐tion of the efficacy of liver protection medicines against cholestatic liver injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Benzodifuranone derivatives, structural analogues of widely studied diketopyrrolopyrrole, have been reported to show photoluminescence exclusively in solution states. Here, upon introducing bulky aromatic groups into benzodifuranone dyes, crystals with unprecedented solid‐state emission were obtained. A crystallographic analysis revealed that the emissive properties should most likely be attributed to the absence of stacking between the dye scaffolds. In addition to the solid‐state emission, the compound showed responsivity to external stimuli, i. e. luminescent mechanochromism and thermosalient effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Objectives Methods Results Conclusions Hair dyes are widely used in daily life. However, data on self‐reported adverse skin reactions are scarce.To estimate the proportion of lifetime hair dye use and self‐reported adverse skin reactions in the Dutch general population, and to investigate the association between (adverse skin reactions to) hair dye use and contact allergy‐related factors.This cross‐sectional study collected questionnaire‐derived data from the Lifelines cohort. Logistic regression analyses were conducted between (adverse skin reactions to) hair dye use and black henna tattoo use, reactions to henna tattoos, patch testing, hand eczema and an occupation as hairdresser or beautician.The proportion of hair dye use was 63.1% of 70 987 participants, of which 6.8% experienced adverse skin reactions, mostly mild (77.7%). Hair dye users and those with skin reactions were both positively associated (p < 0.05) with female sex, middle‐age, (positive) patch test results and hairdresser or beautician occupations. Hair dye users were more likely to have had henna tattoos, and those with reactions to hair dye were more likely to have had reactions to henna tattoos.Hair dye use is prevalent among the Dutch general population and frequently causes adverse skin reactions, especially in females who had black henna tattoos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: Sentinel lymph node dissection is performed in endometrial cancer surgery instead of staging surgery, particularly when the disease is advanced and confined to the uterus. The aim of this study is to share our sentinel lymph node detection rates via the vaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery method with the literature and to demonstrate a safer and more comfortable surgical treatment process. Methods: The analysis includes the patients who underwent surgery sentinel lymph node dissection for endometrial cancer utilizing indociyanin green in our center between January 2022 and June 2024. Results: In all, of 24 endometrial cancer patients underwent surgery sentinel lymph node dissection, nonendometrioid (serous) pathology was observed in only 1 (4%) patient, our other patients (96%) had endometrioid adenocarcinoma pathology. The rates of our sentinel lymph node dissection bilateral and symmetric are 96% (23/24), 94% (22/24), and 79% (19/24), respectively. We would like to emphasize that we successfully used vaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery approach on four of our patients who were unsuitable for laparoscopic and robotic surgery due to pain scores of 2 at the 12th hour after surgery and low lung capacity. Conclusions: Vaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery and sentinel lymph node dissection will be considered as surgical options in other gynecological cancers due to the comfort it brings to the patient in endometrial cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

1D nanomaterials have attracted great attention due to their outstanding anisotropic and linear structures. A facile method is developed to fabricate 1D copper metal–organic framework nanowires (Cu‐MOF‐NW) through steam‐assisted conversion from Cu‐MOF precursors. During the steam‐assisted conversion, Cu‐MOF precursor gradually dissolves in methanol steam, and then recrystallized into Cu‐MOF‐NW, which shows high aspect ratio of about 600 and identical crystal structure of MOF‐74. As‐prepared Cu‐MOF‐NW with multiscale porous structure can effectively remove cationic dyes even in dye mixture. Moreover, Cu‐MOF‐NW, as an ideal template, is calcined to form Cu nanoparticle‐doped carbon nanofiber with maintaining its 1D morphology, which shows excellent electrocatalytic activity for the non‐enzymatic sensing of glucose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of novel reactive dyes D1–D3 based on vinamidinium salt were designed and synthesized. Bis(monochlorotriazine) was introduced as the reactive group and sodium sulfonate was the water‐soluble group. Their photophysical properties were studied systematacially. The strong and sharp ground‐state absorption peak in the 250–320 nm range in the UV‐vis absorption spectrum of the aqueous solution could be attributed to the 1π–π* transition by the parent structure of the dyes, and the relatively broad absorption peak in the range of 300–650 nm could be attributed to the 1π–π* mixed intramolecular charge transfer. By applying this series of reactive dyes to the dyeing of four fabrics (silk, cotton, polyester/cotton blends, and polyester), the dyeing depths were in the range of 5.2–28.6 under salt‐free conditions. The results show that D3 with higher planarity can increase the dyeing depth. At length, fastening tests on dyed cotton fabrics and silk showed that this series of reactive dyes had a color fastness between grades 3 and 5 for abrasion and soap‐washing. In summary, these reactive dyes could be potential dyes for salt‐free dyeing applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT The 1H and 13C NMR spectra of the N‐(3,5‐dichloro‐4‐hydroxyphenyl)‐ 2,4,6‐triphenylpyridinium perchlorate and of its deprotonated betaine 4‐(2,4,6‐triphenylpyridinio)‐2,6‐dichlorophenolate (Wolfbeis's ET(33) dye) were recorded in various solvents and analyzed in search of solvent‐dependent shifts that characterize their solvatomagnetism, which was compared with the well‐known UV–vis spectral behavior of this important solvatochromic dye. Although the NMR spectra of ET(33) and its phenolic precursor in different solvents correlated only poorly with their UV–vis spectral responses, they provided valuable information on specific structural features and solute–solvent interactions that are not available from their UV–vis spectra. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

TiO2@BiOCl‐BiOI heterostructure photocatalyst with high photocatalytic activity was prepared by the composite modification and sol‐gel procedure. TiO2 nanoparticles highly dispersed on the surface of TiO2@BiOCl‐BiOI, which provides sufficient active sites for the photocatalytic degradation process. The photodegradation performance of the photocatalyst was evaluated by the removal rate of Congo Red. The researches showed that the degradation effect of TiO2@BiOCl‐BiOI for Congo Red is significantly stronger than that of TiO2 and BiOCl‐BiOI, which is mainly due to the type‐II heterojunction structure of TiO2@BiOCl‐BiOI and its enhanced visible‐light response. The experiments of free radical capture indicated that ⋅O2- ${{{\rm O}}_{2}^{-}}$ and h+ ${{{\rm h}}^{+}}$ are the main active species in the photocatalytic degradation system. This study showed that TiO2@BiOCl‐BiOI can almost completely degrade Congo Red under simulated sunlight, making it the harmless substances such as H2O and CO2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chinese royal textiles of the Qing dynasty are widely collected around the world, creating a significant demand for dye identification in these textiles. However, the need for sampling in conventional analytical methods greatly limits their applicability. To address this issue, a non‐invasive analysis method based on excitation–emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence was developed. In this study, the EEM spectra of 18 typical natural dyeing recipes used for royal textiles of the Qing dynasty were systematically characterized. The results demonstrated that EEM fluorescence is effective in discriminating between natural dyes with similar colour hues and various dyeing techniques. Furthermore, the dyeing recipes of two historical kesi cushions in the Palace Museum, Beijing, were non‐invasively decoded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Objective Results Conclusion Use of permanent hair dyes causes unintended oxidative damage during the short time frame of the dyeing process that leads to perceivable changes in the feel, manageability and appearance of hair. Moreover, after hair has been dyed, regular exposure to the sun as a key environmental stressor continues to stimulate additional oxidative damage and to induce newly developed hair colours to fade prematurely or undergo changes in colour quality.To document the utility of acetyl zingerone methyl ether (MAZ) as a newly designed haircare ingredient to afford extra protection against oxidative damage and safeguard the integrity of hair colour.We demonstrate that MAZ is compatible chemically with the high alkaline conditions required for the colouring process and from theoretical calculations preferentially binds Fe and Cu ions relative to Ca or Zn ions. In model Fenton reactions MAZ effectively chelated active redox metals (Fe and Cu ions) in the presence of excess Ca+2 ions to inhibit the production of hydroxyl radicals, and in separate studies, MAZ neutralized singlet oxygen with greater efficiency than α‐tocopherol by a factor of 2.5. When mixed into permanent dyes prior to hair tress application, MAZ significantly reduced combing forces, and SEM images led to substantial reductions in visual signs of surface damage. In a 28‐day clinical study, relative to controls, mixing MAZ into hair dyes prior to application interfered neither with colour development nor with ability to cover grey hair and led to significant improvements in perceived attributes associated with hair's condition immediately following the dyeing process. Over a 28‐day maintenance phase, especially between Day 14 and Day 28, continued use of shampoo and conditioner containing MAZ significantly preserved gloss measurements and hair colour in terms of longevity and colour quality as remaining desired and fresh compared to use of control shampoo and conditioner.This work establishes MAZ as a next‐generation hair care ingredient for use in permanent dyes to attenuate oxidative damage and in shampoos and conditioners to promote longevity of hair colour and to maintain overall health and appearance of hair on a daily basis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This review concerns the application of disperse dyes to poly(ethylene terephthalate) fibres using aqueous immersion dyeing processes and the roles of both elevated dyeing temperatures and carriers in the disperse dye/polyester fibre and disperse dye/carrier/polyester fibre dyeing systems, respectively. In this part of the paper, a mechanistic model of the disperse dye adsorption process is presented that is based on the role of dye solubility in disperse dye‐PET fibre substantivity. It is shown that the dye solubility model of disperse dye adsorption, which can be articulated using a simple mathematical approach, is able to account for the reasons why elevated dyeing temperatures are utilised in HT dyeing processes, and also why dyeing accelerants enable dyeing to be achieved using lower temperatures of ~100°C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The difficulty of dyeing is a disturbing problem for the various application of polyimide fabrics. Alkali treatment has been widely used as a preliminary step before dyeing, denoted as a two‐bath method. With more attention being paid to energy resources, this work aims to explore more economical and environmentally friendly dyeing technology, combining the alkali treatment and the dyeing process together, named a one‐bath method. Surprisingly, the K/S value of the one‐bath dyed fabric is much higher than that of the two‐bath sample, in which the red colour value is enhanced by 59.9% for the one‐bath sample. As for the effect of dyeing on the physical properties, the two‐step method has been demonstrated to exert more severe damage on the fibre, with lower crystallinity and tensile strength. To explain such results, it is deduced that when alkali is added together with dyes, it can play a bridge role between the dyes and the fibre, anchoring the dyes wherever the alkali can permeate. Furthermore, 17.25 J of the energy is calculated to be saved for the dyeing of 60 g of fabric, which is very inspiring for large‐scale application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional textile dyeing processes usually require large quantities of water and energy and generate wastewater that can be harmful to the environment. Dyeing in supercritical carbon dioxide (sc‐CO2) media is promising in textile coloration due especially to it providing a waterless process and eliminating the need for an energy intensive drying step. The natural anthraquinone emodin showed promising results for dyeing different fibres through sc‐CO2 process. However, emodin is mutagenic. The aim of this study was to develop non‐mutagenic derivatives of emodin that can be applied to textiles using sc‐CO2. Emodin structure was modified incorporating acryloyl groups, which are considered suitable for decreasing potential for DNA intercalation, and thus mutagenicity. The presence of acryloyl groups would also enable atmospheric plasma induced bonding with fibres. Molecular modelling studies showed that emodin derivatives became less planar with increasing number of attached acryloyl groups, making intercalation unlikely. The derivatives produced were tested to assess mutagenicity in vitro (Salmonella/microsome assay, TA1537, 10% S9) and in vivo (micronucleus test in hemocytes of aquatic crustacean). We found that emodin can be derivatised using acryloyl chlorides to give mono‐ and di‐acrylate esters suitable for dyeing polyester fibres in sc‐CO2. However, the new dyes presented mutagenicity for both in vitro and in vivo. Although the derivatives provided greenish‐yellow alternatives to emodin for dyeing synthetic fibres, they do not appear to be viable alternatives from the point of view of preserving human and environmental health. Plasma bonding studies are underway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research article, it is reported the preparation and characterisation of four types of blended cotton‐polyester based textile materials in different dye ratios with four kinds of natural dyes of agro waste (walnut shell, onion peel) and wildflowers (tansy, Hypericum) with/without mordants as antibacterial and antifungal species for shoe materials. The dyed samples were spectrophotometrically measured and the results were obtained as colour strength (K/S) as well as CIELab values. As a result, dyed fabrics with natural dyes showed yellow, grey, orange and brown colours. With the help of a mordant, aluminium‐potassium, the dyed fabrics obtained natural, not distorted shades of these colours, and with the addition of copper sulphate, they showed changing yellow to light green, orange to dark red, grey to a darker shade of grey and brown to a darker colour. The dyed samples were tested for colour fastness to circle rubbing and satisfactory results were found. The fabrics dyed only with natural dyes and treated with natural dye and mordants were evaluated for antibacterial and antifungal properties against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans. The results indicated that fabrics treated with these natural dyes and mordants had excellent antibacterial and antifungal activity. All natural dyes and mordants used in this study were the most effective and showed the maximum inhibition zone, indicating the best antimicrobial and antifungal activity against tested microbes. The results showed that all these natural dyes can provide some antibacterial and antifungal activity on mixed fabrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: To evaluate a novel intraoperative localization technique utilizing temporary pulmonary arteriovenous occlusion for enhancing the precision of sublobar resections in early‐stage NSCLC. Methods: Conducted from January to November 2023, this study involved 140 patients. During the surgery, key pulmonary vessels were identified using preoperative three‐dimensional (3D) imaging and temporarily occluded with noninvasive clamps to isolate the target lung segment. Following vascular occlusion, indocyanine green (ICG) was administered intravenously to precisely delineate the resection margins. After visually confirming the marked areas, the clamps were released, and a targeted partial resection was performed on the delineated segment. Surgical data, including operation times, surgical margins, and hospitalization costs, were collected and compared with those from a historical control group of 110 patients who underwent traditional pulmonary wedge resections. Results: In the study group, the median surgical margin achieved was 16 mm, which was statistically significant compared to 15 mm in the control group (p < 0.05). Operation times were reduced to an average of 58.43 ± 12.962 min, showing a decrease from the control group's average of 69.50 ± 17.544 min (p < 0.05). Hospitalization costs were also lower, averaging $4772.98 ± 624.339 for the study group versus $5161.34 ± 856.336 for the control group (p < 0.05). Patient safety was maintained with no increase in surgical complications. Conclusion: The technique, leveraging temporary pulmonary arteriovenous occlusion, offered a significant advancement in the surgical treatment of peripheral early‐stage NSCLC. It reduced operation time and lowered overall surgical costs. This method represented a promising alternative to traditional surgical approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The majority of fluorescence imaging techniques make considerable use of fluorescent dyes. Nevertheless, many structural modification techniques currently in use could not adjust the fluorophores′ properties (such as brightness, photostability, water solubility, and permeability). Herein, we report azaspiroketal‐based auxochrome on naphthalimide and nitrobenzoxadiazole dyes. Their photophysical parameters revealed higher brightness and solubility than their azetidine counterparts in aqueous solution. Computational experiments were performed to study the electronic effect of azetidine and azaspiroketal on both dyes. Cytotoxicity assay indicated that azaspiroketal‐based fluorophores are safe to use for their biological application. The photobleaching studies and successful application of new dyes in bioimaging were demonstrated in MDA‐MB‐231 cell lines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A three‐dimensional (3D) anionic cadmium‐organic framework, namely [(CH3)2NH2][Cd1.5(DMTDC)2] ⋅ 2DMA ⋅ 0.5H2O (Cd‐MOF; DMA=N,N‐dimethylacetamide), was successfully synthesized under solvothermal conditions by using a linear thienothiophene‐containing dicarboxylate ligand, 3,4‐dimethylthieno [2,3‐b]‐thiophene‐2,5‐dicar‐boxylic acid (H2DMTDC). Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis reveals that Cd‐MOF exhibits a 3D anionic framework with pcu α‐Po topology, featuring rectangle and rhombus‐shaped channels along b‐ and c‐ axis direction. Cd‐MOF demonstrates selective adsorption of cationic dyes over anionic and neutral dyes. Additionally, Tb3+‐loaded Cd‐MOF serves as a fast‐response fluorescence sensor for the sensitive detection of Fe3+ ions with a low limit of detection (8.90×10−7 M) through fluorescence quenching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Developing imaging tools that can report on the presence of disease‐relevant analytes in multicellular organisms can provide insight into fundamental disease mechanisms as well as provide diagnostic tools for the clinic. Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is a light‐in, sound‐out imaging technique that allows for high resolution, deep‐tissue imaging with applications in pre‐clinical and point‐of‐care settings. The continued development of near‐infrared (NIR) absorbing small‐molecule dyes promises to improve the capabilities of this emerging imaging modality. For example, new dye scaffolds bearing chemoselective functionalities are enabling the detection and quantification of disease‐relevant analytes through activity‐based sensing (ABS) approaches. Recently described strategies to engineer NIR absorbing xanthenes have enabled development of analyte‐responsive PAI probes using this classic dye scaffold. Herein, we present current strategies for red‐shifting the spectral properties of xanthenes via bridging heteroatom or auxochrome modifications. Additionally, we explore how these strategies, coupled with chemoselective spiroring‐opening approaches, have been employed to create ABS probes for in vivo detection of hypochlorous acid, nitric oxide, copper (II), human NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase isozyme 1, and carbon monoxide. Given the versatility of the xanthene scaffold, we anticipate continued growth and development of analyte‐responsive PAI imaging probes based on this dye class. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Squaraine dyes possess sharp far‐red active transition with high extinction coefficient and form aggregates on TiO2 surface. Aggregation of dyes on TiO2 has been considered as a detrimental factor for DSSC device performance, which can be controlled by appending alkyl groups to the dye structures. Hence by integrating alkylated (alkyl groups with both in‐plane and out‐of‐plane) aryl group with indoline moiety to make it compatible with other electrolytes and for controlling the dye‐aggregation, a series of squaraine acceptor‐based dyes SQA4‐6 have been designed and synthesized. SQA4‐6 dyes showed absorption between 642 and 653 nm (λmax), photophysical and electrochemical studies indicated that the HOMO energy levels of this sets of dyes are well aligned with the potentials of I−/I3− and [Co(bpy)3]2+/3+ redox shuttles for better dye regeneration process. DSSC device efficiency of 3% has been achieved for SQA5 dye with iodolyte (I−/I3−) electrolyte in the presence of 0.3 mM of chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA). The IPCE profile of DSSC device fabricated with SQA4‐6 dyes indicated the contribution of aggregated structures for the photocurrent generation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Textile coloration is a complex process involving the interaction of dye molecules with fibers in a dye bath. Synthetic dyes pose environmental hazards, leading to increased interest in natural dyes sourced from plants, animals, and minerals. However, natural dyes often require mordants for application to textiles. Despite their eco‐friendliness, natural dyes can exhibit poor wash fastness on fabrics, necessitating further research to enhance their performance. This study investigates the use of mahogany sawdust extract as a natural dye for cotton coloration, focusing on the enhancement of fastness properties through metallic mordants and associated environmental risks. Mahogany sawdust, rich in flavonoids and tannins, shows promise as a sustainable alternative to synthetic dyes. The dyeing process involves the extraction of natural dyes from sawmill bio‐waste and subsequent application onto cotton fabrics using various metallic mordants. Evaluation of colorfastness properties, color strength, color coordinates, tensile strength, FTIR, and SEM analysis provides insights into the dye‐fiber interactions and fabric properties. Environmental risk assessment considers metal exhaustion onto fabric surfaces, residual metal concentrations in mordant baths, and metal content in dyeing wastewater. Overall, this study contributes to the development of sustainable dyeing processes and highlights the importance of environmental considerations in textile coloration. Highlights: Mahogany sawdust extract: potential natural dye for sustainable cotton coloration.Metallic mordants enhance colorfastness and fabric durability in dyeing processes.Comprehensive analysis reveals the intricate dynamics of dye‐fiber interactions.Environmental risk evaluation guides sustainable textile manufacturing practices.Research paves the way for greener, more sustainable textile industry practices globally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Temperature indicators trace (un)desired thermal impacts across their thermal history upon readout at every point of interest via defined irreversible signal changes. Ratiometric luminescent temperature indicators are attractive due to their fast, sensitive, contactless, spatially‐resolved, and self‐referenced readout. However, they have a limited working range as commonly only one specific temperature‐induced physicochemical effect is exploited. Herein, dual‐threshold temperature indicator supraparticles (SPs) are introduced that expand the working range of individual luminescent probes and enhance the extractable information on the thermal history. These SPs derive their functionality from the synergistic interplay of three spectrally distinguishable luminescent species assembled in one multihierarchical, micrometer‐sized particle of hybrid organic‐inorganic nature. This engineered nanostructure enables the stepwise modulation of the physicochemical microenvironment of two incorporated coumarin species at programmable threshold temperatures, resulting in distinct changes in their emission. As these changes are based on dye‐specific mechanisms that are induced in consecutive temperature regimes, the SPs achieve a scarcely reported broad working range (60–200 °C) with temperature‐dependent response times of minutes to seconds. From a broader perspective, the conceptualized SPs pioneer in how multiple individual luminescent probes with different excitation‐emission properties and indicator mechanisms are synergistically united in one advanced indicator system by precise material engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Extensive research is being carried out on the degradation of water pollutants using various strategies to overcome the global water crisis. In the present study, xerogels as a better alternative is utilized to metal oxides for the photocatalytic degradation of toxic water pollutants such as dyes. Xerogels of polyaniline (PANI) and polypyrrole (PPy) are synthesized using phytic acid as a dopant as well as cross‐linker in the weight ratios of 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1 via simple chemical oxidative polymerization. The synthesized xerogels are analyzed for their spectral, morphological, thermal, and optical properties using FTIR, UV–vis, XRD, SEM, and TGA techniques. The xerogels are also tested for their photocatalytic activity against textile dyes – Methylene Blue (MB), Alizarin Red S, (ARS), Rhodamine B (RhB), and Methyl Orange (MO). Among all the composite xerogels, PANI/PPy‐2/1 showed excellent degradation efficiency of 91% for MB dye, 88% for RhB dye, 96% for ARS dye, and 92% for MO dye respectively. The composite PANI/PPy xerogels showed better degradation efficiency than their pristine counterparts. The fragments of the degraded dyes are examined using the LCMS technique and a tentative dye degradation mechanism is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polymethine dyes of tetraanionic nature comprising 1,3,2‐dioxaborine rings in the polymethine chain and end‐groups of different electron‐accepting abilities have been synthesized. They can be considered as oligomeric polymethines, where a linear conjugated π‐system passes through three 1,3,2‐dioxaborine units and a number of tri‐ and dimethine π‐bridges between two end‐groups. The obtained dyes exhibit near‐infrared absorption and fluorescence, with molar absorption coefficients reaching as high as 564000 M−1 cm−1 in DMF, rendering them among the strongest absorbers known. The novel compounds are bright NIR fluorophores, with fluorescence quantum yields up to 0.13 in DMF. A comparative analysis of the electronic structure of the obtained dyes with respective dianionic and trianionic oligomers was conducted through quantum chemical calculations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A large amount of dye effluents with biodegradable and highly toxic nature from the dyeing and finishing processes has discharged into natural water bodies without adequate treatment, which adversely impacted on aquatic life and human health. Herein, polyvinyl alcohol/agarose/maltodextrin composite membrane (PAM)‐reinforced durian skin fiber is fabricated for methylene blue (MB) uptake from aqueous medium. Structural analyses of the as‐prepared composite membrane are conducted using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, water contact angle, and nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherm measurement. The important influence of experimental conditions including exposure time between adsorbates and adsorbents, initial MB concentration, solution temperature, and pH are also explored. Furthermore, thermodynamic behavior, nonlinear isotherms, and kinetics along with possible adsorption mechanism are provided to attain the insight into the adsorption nature. The results show that PAM‐reinforced durian peel waste possesses high MB adsorption capacity (105.54 mg g−1), which was controlled by diffusion and chemisorption mechanism. The thermodynamics of methyl blue removal on the composite membrane suggest that the adsorption is spontaneous, favorable, and endothermic in nature. This contribution is expected to inspire the efficient utilization of agriculture by‐products into eco‐friendly and biodegradable adsorbents to purify the dye‐contaminated water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study addresses the critical issue of removing toxic dyes from industrial wastewater to protect the environment and human health. To address this challenge, a bio‐based composite hydrogel was synthesized using gamma irradiation, 20 kGy, incorporating multiwalled carbon nanotubes@pectin/κ‐carrageenan/polyacrylic acid (MWCNTs PC/KC/PAAc) for removing methylene blue (MB) dye from aqueous solutions. The prepared composites underwent characterization through Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, x‐ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analyses. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis demonstrated a significant increase in surface area upon the addition of MWCNTs. Specifically, the surface area increased from 342.5 m2 g−1 for PC/KC/PAAc to 689.5 m2 g−1 when 0.175 wt% of MWCNTs were added. Also, scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy were utilized to examine the surface topography of PC/KC/PAAc and MWCNTs@PC/KC/PAAc. The results reveal that at 0.175 wt% of MWCNTs, there was a more uniform surface topography with well‐distributed MWCNTs within the matrix. In the adsorption study of MB dye, it was found that the highest MB removal efficiency was achieved at pH 11, with values of 68.21% and 96% for PC/KC/PAAc and MWCNTs@PC/KC/PAAc, respectively. Furthermore, upon studying the effect of MWCNTs (%), the results showed that the removal (%) of PC/KC/PAAc was 68.21 ± 1.02%, and this percentage increased rapidly with the addition of MWCNTs, reaching a maximum of 96 ± 0.85% when 0.175 (wt%) of MWCNTs was added. Isotherm and kinetic modeling demonstrated that MB adsorption follows the Freundlich isotherm for PC/KC/PAAc and the Redlich–Peterson isotherm for MWCNTs@PC/KC/PAAc, both following a pseudo‐second‐order kinetics model. In addition, from AFM data, after MB removal, the height increased significantly from 322 nm for PC/KC/PAAc to 810 nm for MWCNTs@PC/KC/PAAc (0.175 wt%), indicating a substantially higher adsorption of MB by MWCNTs@PC/KC/PAAc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of superior thin‐film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes with good separation performance and anti‐fouling capacity is required to address the larger‐scale freshwater need. In this study, a new citric acid‐functionalized FSM‐16 (CA‐FSM‐16) mesoporous was successfully synthesized and characterized. Subsequently, it was introduced on the surface of the sodium hydroxide/cyanuric chloride‐activated PES membrane to fabricate the CA‐FSM‐16 TFN membrane. It was investigated how various CA‐FSM‐16 loadings affected the overall physicochemical characteristics and performance of the membrane. The SEM analysis confirmed the TFN structure of the fabricated membranes. All manufactured membranes displayed improved hydrophilicity and flux. For the pristine membrane, the salt (Na2SO4) rejection was measured 73.20 ± 2.10%, whereas for the TFN‐0.08 membrane, it was measured 91.40 ± 1.80%. The dye rejection experiment in cross‐flow filtration showed that the TFN‐0.08 membrane had the maximum licorice retention among the membranes (99.10 ± 2.00%). In addition, the CA‐FSM‐16 TFN membranes demonstrated superior antifouling performance, especially the optimum membrane (TFN‐0.08), which showed a high flux recovery ratio (FRR) of 97.10 ± 1.90% and a low irreversible fouling ratio (DRir) of 2.90%. The introduction of CA‐FSM‐16 on the surface of the PES membrane via the surface modification method was a potentially useful technology to fabricate a high‐performing TFN membrane for water treatment applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The quest for cleaner environments is a global concern. Hence, the investigation of degradation of the indigo carmine dye (IC) with peroxydisulphate ion in an aqueous sulphuric acid system with a view to understanding its kinetic degradation and mechanism. The degradation depicts first‐order kinetics in [S2O82−] and [IC], and the degradation mole ratio of IC: S2O82− is 1:1. The degradation rate is dependent on the change in ionic strength and medium permittivity of the system. Also, added ions (NH4+ and NO3−) influence the degradation rate of the dye which further supported the outcome of the change in ionic strength. Free radical participation is ruled out. The experimental rate law is given as (Kk3[H+])[IC][S2O82−]. Owing to the absence of detectable intermediates in the degradation process, an outer‐sphere mechanism is proposed. The study is significant in textile industries and medical settings for making environments less toxic with a well‐understood degradation rate pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solar steam generation is considered an efficient, renewable, and environmentally friendly technology for clean freshwater production, offering the potential to alleviate the growing global water scarcity issue. Herein, the commercial cellulose is used as raw material and water transport matrix, and silver phosphate particles are used as difunctional light‐absorbing matters and photocatalyst to prepare cellulose‐based composite material (silver‐plated cellulose aerogel [CAAg]). The resulting CAAg possesses superhydrophilicity, intrinsic network structure, high porosity (89.88%), and low thermal conductivity (0.091 W m−1 K−1). As a result, the CAAg exhibits an evaporation rate of nearly 1.55 kg m−2 h−1 in simulated seawater under a light intensity of 1 kW m−2. Furthermore, due to the excellent photocatalytic properties of silver phosphate particles, the CAAg can simultaneously achieve high degradation rates toward various dye molecules including methylene blue, rhodamine B, and methyl orange in water, making it show tremendous potential applications for clean freshwater production and organic wastewater treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present world, everyone is health, hygiene, and beauty conscious. Most households use different personal care products (PCPs) to keep themselves clean and hygienic. But when it comes to disposal, not much care is taken. PCPs are being liberated into the environment on a regular basis causing harm to the ecosystem. The prevalence of these PCPs as soaps, nail paints, hair dyes, fragrances, emulsifiers, antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, preservatives, disinfectants, etc. is posing severe health concerns. It has been studied that together these PCPs being biologically active and highly persistent, in turn impacts the lives of living beings. This review work aimed to elucidate and analyze the problems associated with personal care products when discharged into the aquatic system from different sources that cause detrimental effects on the organisms at different trophic levels and on human beings which has been included in this discussion, the variety of sources and how they impact the aquatic life as well as the movement of the emerging toxicants to the higher trophic levels through the food chain. This work also has analyzed the bioremediation of a few toxicants like, paraben, phthalate, sulphate by some potential microorganisms and the limitations in the microbial remediation process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In recent years, research on improving the synthesis of catalysts has been at the forefront because of advancements in nanotechnology and greener conventions. Using ultrasound (US) during nanocatalysts synthesis is one of the green approaches that can yield improved catalyst characteristics under conditions of shorter reaction time and requirement of low temperature and pressure. The current paper aims at giving an insight into US‐assisted synthesis (emphasized on sol‐gel and hydrothermal) of different metal oxide nanocatalysts. It has been elucidated that US‐assisted synthesis gives nanocatalyst with narrower particle size distribution with lower mean size, higher surface area, better morphology with less agglomeration, and higher catalytic activity. Ultrasound has thus been demonstrated to yield improvements in morphological, optical, and electronic properties of the nanocatalysts, however, scalability and industrial application of sonochemical synthesis have not been seen very popular. Some guidelines for future research into the development of novel nanocatalysts and industrial scale‐up studies are also provided. The review also summarizes the application of these metal oxides as photocatalysts for dye degradation or effluent treatment containing dyes, highlighting the fundamentals of photocatalysis as well. A comparative study has been reported for catalysts obtained using the US‐assisted synthesis and conventional synthesis of the photocatalysts in terms of catalytic activity. The benefits of using ultrasound‐assisted synthesis in terms of higher photocatalytic degradation have been clearly demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coordination complexes were widely used in advanced oxidation processes. The ligands with various substituents could lead to differences in the catalytic properties and mechanisms. In this work, the iron(III)–N,N′‐dipicolinamide (FeL) complexes (the iron(III) complexes with substituents –CH3, –H, –Cl and –NO2 named as FeL1, FeL2, FeL3 and FeL4, respectively) were used to activate hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for degrading dyes wastewater. Mechanism studies indicated that the FeL4/H2O2 system contains the FeV=O in addition to the same •OH and O2•− as the other systems, which made it exhibit more excellent performance than others. The results of the performance tests showed that the FeL4/H2O2 system could remove 97%, 89%, 100%, 83%, 100%, and 99% of RR195, RY145, RB194, RB19, MB, and RhB, respectively, which proved the good application performance of the FeL4/H2O2 system. In addition, the performance of the FeL4/H2O2 system was not influenced by anions and natural organics. This study verified the feasibility of modulating the catalytic performance of the complexes by changing the substituents and provided an efficient catalytic system for dyeing wastewater treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Regenerated protein fibres manufactured from food side‐streams offer significant potential as circular and sustainable fibres, but greater knowledge of their dyeing properties is required. In this research, coloration of casein fibres with dyes also extracted from blackcurrant skins left over from juice pressing is explored. Casein fibre was dyed with blackcurrant extract, rich in anthocyanins, from pH 2 to pH 6 and from 40 to 80°C, with and without alum. Casein fibres could be dyed with blackcurrant extract across all conditions tested, and under optimal conditions, dyeing is achieved with medium depths of colour with good wash fastness. Highest sorption of anthocyanins onto casein is observed at pH 4, where anthocyanins are a mixture of 60% neutral purple quinonoidal base form and 40% flavylium cation form; under these conditions dye–fibre interaction is optimal. At pH 2, casein fibre has a highly positively charged surface and anthocyanin is in the flavylium cation form, leading to some dye–fibre repulsion. At pH 6, the slightly negatively charged casein fibre demonstrates lower sorption of the mixture of 40% purple quinonoidal base form and 60% the anionic quinonoidal base form, again leading to some dye–fibre repulsion. Presence of alum in the dyebath enhances sorption of anthocyanins onto fibre at pH 4 due to formation of Al–anthocyanin complexes. Wash fastness of the dyeings is better as pH increases and as temperature increases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This review concerns the application of disperse dyes to poly(ethylene terephthalate) fibres using aqueous immersion dyeing processes and the roles of both elevated dyeing temperatures and carriers in the dyeing system. The precise reasons why very high temperatures in the region of 130°C promote the uptake of disperse dyes on poly(ethylene terephthalate) fibres from aqueous dyebaths have not been satisfactorily resolved, nor has the exact mechanism by which carriers promote dye uptake at lower temperatures in the region of 98°C been adequately established. In this part of the review series, a detailed review and analysis is presented of the various concepts and theories that have been proposed to account for the promotional effects of temperature and carriers on disperse dye uptake, from the viewpoint of both the thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of the adsorption of the dyes on poly(ethylene terephthalate) and other types of fibre. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The practical application of a sulphur black dye relies on its ability to dye cotton fibres with pure black colour and maintain the colour with high light fastness. Here, we report a synthesis method to prepare a novel water‐soluble reactive sulphur black dye. The approach involves the reduction of CI Sulphur Black 1 to its leuco form and subsequent reaction with a water‐soluble intermediate containing reactive groups synthesised from amino acid and cyanuric chloride. The optimal carboxyl and reactive group content of the water‐soluble reactive sulphur black dye is 141 mmol/100 g, and the water solubility can reach 92 g/L. The fixation of the reactive sulphur black dye on cotton reaches 89% in a pad dyeing process without using sodium sulphate. The reactive sulphur black dye can achieve a light fastness of grade 6‐7, a dry rub fastness of grade 4 and a wet rub fastness of grade 2, comparable or higher than the conventional CI Sulphur Black 1. The dyeing results showed that the novel water‐soluble reactive sulphur black dye has excellent performance and good application prospects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the development of the chemistry and applications of boron dipyrromethene dyes (BODIPYs), numerous other platforms based on boron complexes of N‐donor ligands have emerged as molecular optoelectronic materials. By tailoring the structure of the ligand bound to boron, the optical and electronic properties of a compound can be precisely tuned for unique properties, such as aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) in the case of boron difluoride hydrazones (BODIHYs). We examine the impact of modifying the typical bidentate hydrazone ligand structure used to prepare BODIHYs to enable a tridentate coordination mode to produce boron complexes of tridentate acyl pyridylhydrazones. This change allows for the use of arylboronic acids as sources of boron and facilitates the inclusion of complex organic components at the boron centre, including the formation of dye‐dye conjugates. The synthesized compounds exhibit distinct optical and electronic properties when compared to BODIHYs, such as reversible electrochemical reduction and up to a >300 nm pseudo‐Stokes shift in the solid state, all of which were supported by density functional theory calculations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Terephthalaldehyde‐triaminoguanidium chloride covalent organic polymer, Te‐TGCl COP can facilely be incorporated with NaNO3 by sonication. Te‐TGCl COP incorporated with NaNO3via ultrasonication adsorbs Methylene Blue (MB) dye. Te‐TGCl COP alone shows negligible adsorption capacity for MB, however, when treated with NaNO3, its adsorption capacity emerges slightly. Moreover, ultrasonication of the NaNO3 treated COP, Te‐TG‐NaNO3 COP shows dramatic increase in its adsorption capacity for MB (qe for Te‐TGCl COP ≈0 mg g−1; for Te‐TG‐NaNO3=17.65 mg g−1). Emergence of MB dye adsorption property in Te‐TG‐NaNO3 COP composite may be attributed primarily to the electrostatic interaction of MB dye molecules with nitrate anions and the sonochemical effect caused fibrous morphological structure of the adsorbent material. The kinetics of MB dye adsorption onto Te‐TG‐NaNO3 COP composite exhibits an excellent fit for the pseudo‐second order model, suggesting the rate‐determining step to be chemisorption. Homogeneous monolayer adsorption of MB dye onto Te‐TG‐NaNO3 COP composite can be suggested as the Langmuir isotherm model seemed to be fitted well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relationship among chemical structure, physicochemical property and aggregation behavior of organic functional material is an important research topic. Here, we designed and synthesized three bis(squaraine) dyes BSQ1, BSQ2 and BSQ3 through the combination of two kinds of unsymmetrical azulenyl squaraine monomers. Their physicochemical properties were investigated in both molecular and aggregate states. Generally, BSQ1 displayed different assembly behaviors from BSQ2 and BSQ3. Upon fabrication into nanoparticles, BSQ1 tend to form J‐aggregates while BSQ2 and BSQ3 tend to form H‐aggregates in aqueous medium. When in the form of thin films, three bis(squaraine) dyes all adopted J‐aggregation packing modes while only BSQ1 presented the most significant rearrangement of aggregate structures as well as the improvement in the carrier mobilities upon thermal annealing. Our research highlights the discrepancy of aggregation behaviors originating from the molecular structure and surrounding circumstances, providing guidance for the molecular design and functional applications of squaraines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Controlling the formation of photoexcited triplet states is critical for many (photo)chemical and physical applications. Here, we demonstrate that a permanent out‐of‐plane distortion of the benzothioxanthene imide (BTI) dye promotes intersystem crossing by increasing spin‐orbit coupling. This manipulation was achieved through a subtle chemical modification, specifically the bay‐area methylation. Consequently, this simple yet efficient approach expands the catalog of known molecular engineering strategies for synthesizing heavy atom‐free, dual redox‐active, yet still emissive and synthetically accessible photosensitizers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, clean water and increasing the usage of renewable energy have been the two main goals to be focused on in developing a sustainable living environment. These goals can also be fulfilled by using photocatalytic processes which is a promising direction, photocatalyst is quite effective for water purification and sustainable energy resources. For the first time, we report a visible‐light‐driven photocatalyst of rGO/Cu−Co3O4 nanocomposite for photo‐Fenton‐like degradation activity. The structural, morphological, surface chemical and optical properties of the samples were deeply analysed. The Cu2+ replacement reduces the crystalline size of the Co3O4 nanoparticle and rGO addition enhances the active surface area and charge mobility towards the better catalytic activity. The effect of operating parameters such as pH, catalyst dose, dye concentration, and H2O2 was also investigated for methylene blue (MB) dye degradation: kinetic studies, active radicals finding, and percentage of total organic carbon removal were also discussed in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The application of spectrally unique, bright, and water‐soluble fluorescent dyes is indispensable for the analysis of biological systems. Multiparameter flow cytometry is a powerful tool for characterization of mixed cell populations. To discriminate the different cell populations, they are typically stained by a set of fluorescent reagents, e.g., antibody‐fluorophore conjugates. The number of parameters which can be studied simultaneously strongly depends on the availability of reagents which can be differentiated by their spectral properties. In this study a series of fluorescent polymer dyes was developed, that can be excited with a single violet laser (405 nm) but distinguished by their unique emission spectra. The polyfluorene‐based polymers can be used on their own, or in combination with covalently bound small‐molecule dyes to generate energy transfer constructs to red‐shift the emission wavelength based on Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET). The polymer dyes were utilized in a biological flow cytometry assay by conjugating several of them to antibodies, demonstrating their effectiveness as reagents. This report represents the first systematic investigation of structure–property relationships for this type of fluorescent dyes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), flat planar dyes (e. g., highly light‐harvesting porphyrins and corroles) with multiple anchoring groups are known to adopt a horizontal orientation on TiO2 through the multiple binding to TiO2. Due to the strong electronic coupling between the dye and TiO2, fast charge recombination between the oxidized dye and an electron in TiO2 occurs, lowering the power conversion efficiency (η). To overcome this situation, an additional donor moiety can be placed on top of the planar dye on TiO2 to slow down the undesirable charge recombination. Here we report the synthesis and photovoltaic properties of a triarylamine (TAA)‐tethered gold(III) corrole (TAA‐AuCor). The DSSC with TAA‐AuCor using iodine redox shuttle exhibited the highest η‐value among corrole‐based DSSCs, which is much higher than that with the reference AuCor. The transient absorption spectroscopies clearly demonstrated that fast electron transfer from the TAA moiety to the corrole radical cation in TAA‐AuCor competes with the undesirable charge recombination to generate long‐lived charge separated state TAA⋅+‐Cor/TiO2⋅− efficiently. Consequently, the introduction of the TAA moiety enhanced the η‐value remarkably, demonstrating the usefulness of our new concept to manipulate charge‐separated states toward highly efficient DSSCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, photocatalytic oxidation of methylene blue (MB) and malachite green (MG) dyes was investigated using granular pure titanium dioxide and silicon‐doped granular titanium dioxide as photocatalysts. Both catalysts were used repeatedly throughout the photocatalytic oxidation experiments. The effect of initial dye and catalyst concentration on photocatalytic oxidation was investigated. The photocatalytic oxidation followed first‐order kinetics for both catalysts. The efficiency of photocatalytic oxidation increased with the increasing catalyst concentration and decreased with the increasing dye concentration. In a 60‐min reaction using granular titanium dioxide, removal efficiencies of MB and MG at 20 g/100 mL catalyst loading and 10 mg/L initial concentration were 83% and 93.3%, respectively. In a 60‐min reaction using granular silicon‐doped titanium dioxide, the removal efficiencies of MB and MG at 5 g/100 mL catalyst loading and 10 mg/L initial concentration were 90.2% and 91.6%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Here we present the synthesis of a new fluorinated pyridyl‐azo dye and demonstrate an effective way to convert monomer fluorinated pyridyl‐azo dye to H‐aggregated form through UV‐light induced trans‐cis‐trans photoisomerization. And upto a 12 : 88 ratio between monomer : aggregation was achieved through a small pulse of UV irradiation. The H‐aggregation shows a unique high extinction co‐efficient in UV‐visible absorbance and unexpected fluorescence emission with a remarkably large Stokes shift. The solvent DMF and fluorine substituent were found to have a critical role in aggregation. 1H, 19F NMR, and 19F‐DOSY NMR experiments were used to confirm the aggregation and also confirm the absence of π‐π stacking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The significance of utilizing photocatalysts to degrade toxic dyes and microbes has grown in recent years. It has been demonstrated as a successful method for utilizing light through hybrid photocatalysts to break down harmful organic molecules. This study aims to investigate the potential applications of CuO–Ag/rGO nanocomposites in environmental remediation. The nanocomposites were synthesized by incorporating Ag and CuO nanoparticles onto rGO nanosheets via hydrothermal method. The nanocomposites that resulted were thoroughly characterized using various analytical techniques to determine their chemical structure, morphology, crystallinity, and photocatalytic application. The degradation efficiency of naphthol black blue (NBB) dye under visible light irradiation was used to assess the photocatalytic performance of the nanocomposites. It was revealed that 80.2%, 90.3%, and 97.3% of NBB dye degraded as a result of enhanced photocatalytic activity of synthesized CuO–Ag/rGO. The research provides valuable insights into the design and development of advanced nanomaterials for efficient and sustainable wastewater treatment applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The molecular geometry, electronic structure, and absorption spectra of some important phenyl derivatives are investigated by using DFT and TD‐DFT with B3LYP and CAM‐B3LYP functional. The highest HOMO–LUMO energy gap, Non‐linear optical properties of dipole moment, polarizability, and hyperpolarizability are calculated. In both methods hyperpolarizability PDP values (16.77 × 10−30 and 16.59 × 10−30 esu) are higher than PDNA, PDN, and MPAN dye. The Molecular electrostatic potential shows that PDNA dye has more electronegative potential. Comparing all the dyes, PDP dye shows a higher light harvesting efficiency in the UV–vis region. The vibrational frequencies are assigned based on the potential energy distribution (PED) using the VEDA‐4 program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Complex extraction, which has the characteristics of high efficiency and selectivity of chemicals, has unique advantages in dye wastewater treatment. In the paper, a green closed‐loop dye wastewater treatment route for dyeing industry is re‐evaluated by studying the complex extraction and stripping of Telon yellow 4B, and dyeing test of regenerated dye. FT‐IR characteristic peaks of the initial organic phase and the regenerated organic phase are consistent, and the dye can be migrated from the loaded organic phase to the aqueous phase after stripping. The concentration of dye in the aqueous phase and extraction conditions have a significant effect on extraction rate, especially the aqueous‐organic phase ratio and the pH value of the aqueous phase. Meanwhile, the stripping conditions have a marked impact on stripping rate, among which NaOH dosage is an important factor. The regenerated dye solution and the freshly prepared dye solution at same concentration have the same color shade and K/S value, and the color fastness of dyed fabrics is all above Grade 4. High extraction rate, high stripping rate, excellent reusability of regenerated organic phase, and the dyeing performance of the regenerated dye prove that complex extraction is a green dye wastewater treatment process with the practical feasibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, photocatalysts with high photocatalytic activity performance are synthesized by synthesizing graphene aerogel‐supported, cadmium‐doped TiO2 composites by hydrothermal method for the effective degradation of organic dyes in wastewater. Here, GA–TiO2–Cd is investigated as a photocatalyst for the degradation of toxic dyes named Orange G, Acid Blue 161, and Brilliant Green in the UV part of the light spectrum. As a result of the experiments, it is observed that the effective decomposition of organic dyes is due to graphene aerogel (GA) and cadmium‐doped TiO2 nanoparticles. The results show that for 20 ppm solutions of Orange G, Acid Blue 161, and Brilliant Green, dyes are removed at approximately 81.075%, 84.15%, and 95.18% in 120 min. The morphology and elemental analysis of the synthesized composites are determined using SEM‐EDS, crystal structure analysis by XRD, chemical bond analysis by FTIR, optical properties by UV‐Vis‐NIR spectrophotometry, and thermal resistance by TGA analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a high‐performance composite nanofiber membrane with excellent air filtration and dye degradation properties was prepared by incorporating MIL‐53(Fe) nanoparticles into the electrospinning solution. The results showed that the filtration efficiency for PM2.5 of the PP/PVDF‐HFP/MIL‐53(Fe) composite nanofiber membrane reached up to 99.3% with the addition of 2 wt% MIL‐53(Fe). Moreover, the composite nanofiber membrane exhibited steady filtration efficiency across different parameters, including air velocity, PM2.5 concentration, and extended testing time. Furthermore, the incorporation of MIL‐53(Fe) significantly enhanced the removal efficiency of the composite nanofiber membrane toward Rh B, resulting in a remarkable 91% removal rate. The polymer/MOF composite nanofiber membranes prepared by simple and cheap electrospinning technology have a wide range of practical applications in the field of environmental protection. Highlights: PPM composite nanofiber membrane was prepared via electrospinning method.MIL‐53(Fe) nanoparticles were introduced to PPM composite nanofiber membrane.PPM composite nanofiber membrane showed excellent removal efficiency for PM2.5.PPM composite nanofiber showed a good removal performance for RhB in solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Liquid–liquid extraction plays a crucial role in the chemical industry for obtaining valuable products. This research focuses on optimizing key parameters, namely dye removal percentage, solvent capacity and distribution coefficient, in the liquid–liquid extraction of methyl red dye from its aqueous solution using benzene as the extractant. The study investigates the influence of key variables, including feed dye concentration (20–100) ppm, extraction time (10–30) min and dye solution‐to‐solvent ratio (1–3) mL mL−1. The experiments are conducted at a constant pH of 3 and controlled temperatures of 27 ± 2 °C. RESULTS: By strategically controlling various parameters, this investigation aims to achieve superior outcomes, surpassing prior achievements in similar experimental conditions. Utilizing the Box–Behnken design for optimization, the research attains a remarkable recovery efficiency of 84.61%. The achieved optimal values for dye removal, distribution coefficient and solvent capacity are (84.61 ± 5.07)%, 5.22 ± 0.31 and (5.17 ± 0.94) ppm, respectively, at a feed dye concentration of 20 ppm, an extraction time of 27.994 min and a dye solution‐to‐solvent ratio of 3 mL mL−1. CONCLUSION: These findings underscore the potential for maximizing methyl red dye extraction efficiency and surpass previously reported efficiency levels using the presented parameters with the same input data. The study contributes to advancements in liquid–liquid extraction technology and provides a deeper understanding of the optimization process with technical precision. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]