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Adolescent HIV-risk behaviors are increased by family violence, low parental supervision, substance use and poverty. ‘Cash + care’ structural approaches can reduce adolescent HIV-risks, but parenting a teenager is complex and challenging. WHO, UNICEF, USAIDPEPFAR and academics developed and tested a parenting support and violence reduction program for low-resource settings, to be used as part of structural prevention programs.

Objective Acute articular injuries lead to an increased risk of progressive joint damage and osteoarthritis (OA), and no therapies are currently available to repair or protect the injured joint tissue. Intraarticular delivery of therapeutic proteins has been limited by their rapid clearance from the joint space and lack of retention within cartilage. The aim of this study was to test whether targeted delivery to cartilage by fusion with a heparin-binding domain would be sufficient to prolong the in vivo function of the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). Methods We produced a humanized and optimized recombinant HB-IGF-1 fusion protein. By injecting HB-IGF-1, IGF-1, or saline alone into the knee joints of adult Lewis rats, we tested whether fusion with a heparin-binding domain 1) altered the kinetics of retention in joint tissues, 2) prolonged functional stimulation as measured by radiolabel incorporation, and 3) enhanced efficacy in a rat model of surgically induced OA, using weekly injections. Results Fusion of heparin-binding domain with IGF-1 prolonged retention in articular and meniscal cartilage from

The selective adsorption of CO{sub 2} from mixtures with N{sub 2}, CH{sub 4}, and N{sub 2}O in a dynamic porous coordination polymer (see monomer structure) was evaluated by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy, GC, and SANS. All three techniques indicate highly selective adsorption of CO{sub 2} from CO{sub 2}/CH{sub 4} and CO{sub 2}/N{sub 2} mixtures at 30 C, with no selectivity observed for the CO{sub 2}/N{sub 2}O system.

Uncured Polybenzimidazole-Nitrile Butadiene Rubber (PBI-NBR) insulation experiences altered chemical and bonding phenomena if exposed to ambient conditions while in a sheet-stock configuration. Multiple lots of a PBI-NBR formulation exposed to ambient and slightly elevated temperature (100°F) conditions experience bonding degradation when vulcanized to a metal substrate. Chemical analyses show that tallow amine (clay particle surfactant) accumulates at the surface of uncured NBR as a function of ambient and 100°F exposure time. Additionally, thin film analyses suggest surface oxidation of NBR polymers when exposed to the ambient environment. Mechanical and chemical observations imply a correlation between vulcanized bonding performance with tallow amine diffusion and polymer surface reaction. The diffusion and reactivity of chemical species found in the PBI-NBR formulation has implications to other fields employing these components. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42636.

The consistent finding that normal adolescents endorse more MMPI items in the deviant direction than do normal adults, reflected in reliable adolescent-adult differences on the item, scale, and profile levels, suggests a developmental perspective. This perspective also implies that college students' MMPI mean raw scores might be expected to fall between means typically obtained for adolescents and adults. We examined 17 studies of college volunteer samples to evaluate this hypothesis. Findings showed that college student mean values do fall between adolescent and adult means, most strikingly on scales F, 4, 6, 7, 8, and 9. It is recommended that more attention be given to the status of college students as a special population with distinctive MMPI characteristics.

Three demonstration projects that developed ways to strengthen the informal helping networks of elderly clients are described. The following aspects of network intervention are discussed and illustrated by these projects: assessment of client networks, possible goals of network intervention and the ability of programs to achieve them, and evaluation of interventions. Each program found barriers to intervening in networks derived from the client, the network, and the social service agency. Major barriers encountered include the client's privacy preferences and attitudes about relying on the network for help, networks that are exhausted or unsupportive, and agency structures that limit interventions. Although each program had some measure of success in strengthening social support for its clients, it does not appear that informal resources can easily and cost effectively substitute for formal services.

Eleven white families and 10 black families have been studied to detect racial differences in the linkage of DNA markers flanking the fragile X site (FRAXA). The differences in the recombination fractions for F9-FRAXA and DX13-FRAXA were not significant. The pair St14-FRAXA exhibited no difference between the two groups. Although the sample size was small, it would appear that these DNA markers can be used in black persons for prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling. A larger group of families would be necessary to determine if 4D8 and cX55.7 will be equally useful since these appear to have lower heterozygote frequencies in the black population.

An improved preparation for cyclobutadienyliron tricarbonyl complexes from 3,4-carbonyldioxycyclobutenes has been developed. The development of the procedure revealed a number of the details of the reaction and the importance of the method used to prepare tetracarbonylferrate (-2) on subsequent reactions.