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209 results on '"Leon, C."'

1. Extreme Water Uptake of Hygroscopic Hydrogels through Maximized Swelling‐Induced Salt Loading

Author

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graeber, Gustav, Díaz‐Marín, Carlos D, Gaugler, Leon C, Zhong, Yang, El Fil, Bachir, Liu, Xinyue, Wang, Evelyn N, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graeber, Gustav, Díaz‐Marín, Carlos D, Gaugler, Leon C, Zhong, Yang, El Fil, Bachir, Liu, Xinyue, and Wang, Evelyn N

Abstract

Hygroscopic hydrogels are emerging as scalable and low‐cost sorbents for atmospheric water harvesting, dehumidification, passive cooling, and thermal energy storage. However, devices using these materials still exhibit insufficient performance, partly due to the limited water vapor uptake of the hydrogels. Here, the swelling dynamics of hydrogels in aqueous lithiumchloride solutions, the implications on hydrogel salt loading, and the resulting vapor uptake of the synthesized hydrogel–salt composites are characterized. By tuning the salt concentration of the swelling solutions and the cross‐linking properties of the gels, hygroscopic hydrogels with extremely high salt loadings are synthesized, which enable unprecedented water uptakes of 1.79 and 3.86 gg−1 at relative humidity (RH) of 30% and 70%, respectively. At 30% RH, this exceeds previously reported water uptakes of metal–organic frameworks by over 100% and of hydrogels by 15%, bringing the uptake within 93% of the fundamental limit of hygroscopic salts while avoiding leakage problems common in salt solutions. By modeling the salt‐vapor equilibria, the maximum leakage‐free RH is elucidated as a function of hydrogel uptake and swelling ratio. These insights guide the design of hydrogels with exceptional hygroscopicity that enable sorption‐based devices to tackle water scarcity and the global energy crisis.

Published
2024

4. An international assessment of the adoption of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS®) principles across colorectal units in 2019–2020

Author

Pinkney T., Taylor H., Tong C., Schmitz N. -D., Morton D. G., Pinkney T. D., Bhangu A., Blackwell S., Dardanov D., Dulskas A., Gallo G., Glasbey J., Keatley J., Knowles C., Li Y. E., McCourt V., Minaya-Bravo A., Neary P., Nepogodiev D., Pata F., Pellino G., Sivrikoz E., van Ramshorst G., Zmora O., Perry R., Magill E. L., Abdalkoddus M., Abelevich A., Abraham S., Abraham-Nordling M., Adamina M., Agalar C., Agresta F., Ahallat M., Ahmad N., Aiupov R., Akca O., Aleksic A., Aleotti F., Alias D., Alonso J., Alonso Goncalves S., Alonso Martin J., Alonso Poza A., Alonso-Hernandez N., Alos Company R., Al-Saeedi M., Alvarez-Laso C., Alvarez-Gallego M., Amanatidis T., Americano M., Amorim E., Anandan L., Anania G., Ancans G., Andreev P., Andrejevic P., Antonacci N., Anwer M., Aonzo P., Arencibia B., Argeny S., Arieli H., Arnold S., Ashraf M., Aslam M., Atanasov B., Atif M., Atladottir J., Avital S., Awny S., Aytac B., Azahr N., Aznar-Puig S., Bailey S., Balalis D., Baldi C., Baldonedo R., Balducci G., Balestra F., Balestri R., Balfour A., Baloyiannis I., Banky B., Baral J., Baranyai Z., Barbashinov N., Bargallo J., Barisic G., Barugola G., Batashki I., Battersby N., Belev N., Belli A., Beltran de Heredia J., Bemelman W., Benavides Buleje J., Benckert A., Bernal-Sprekelsen J., Bertocchi E., Beuran M., Bhan C., Bianco F., Bilali S., Bilali V., Bintintan V., Birindelli A., Birsan T., Blanco Antona F., Blas J., Blasco-Segura T., Blom R., Bocchetti T., Boerma E., Bogdan M., Boland M., Bomans B., Borda N., Bowen M., Bradulskis S., Branagan G., Brankovic B., Brenna M., Brewer H., Broadhurst J., Bronder C., Brouwer R., Buccianti P., Buchs N., Buchwald P., Bugatti A., Bui A., Burcos T., Buskens C., Bustamante C., Caceres N., Cagigas Fernandez C., Calero-Lillo A., Camps I., Canda A., Caravaca-Garcia I., Carballo F., Carcoforo P., Carlander J., Carlos S., Caro A., Carpelan A., Carrasco Prats M., Carrillo Lopez M., Carvello M., Casal E., Casoni Pattacini G., Castellvi Valls J., Castillo Diego J., Cavallesco G., Cavenaile V., Cayetano L., Ceccotti A., Cervera-Aldama J., Chabok A., Chafai N., Chandrasinghe P., Chandratreya N., Chaudhri S., Chaudhry Z., Cherdancev D., Chernov A., Chevallay M., Chirletti P., Chouillard E., Chouliaras C., Chowdri N., Cillo M., Cini C., Ciubotaru C., Ciuce C., Claeys D., Cocorullo G., Codina-Cazador A., Colak E., Coletta D., Colombo F., Copaescu C., Corte Real J., Corver M., Cosic J., Costa S., Costa Pereira J., Costa Pereira C., Costa-Navarro D., Cotte E., Cracco N., Cristian D., Cuadrado M., Cuk V., Cunha M., Cunha J., Curinga R., Curletti G., Curtis N., Dabic D., Dainius E., d'Alessandro A., Daniels I., Darvin V., Dauser B., David G., Davidova O., Davies E., de Andres Asenjo B., De franciscis S., de Graaf E., De la Portilla F., De Luca E., De Nisco C., De Toma G., Defoort B., Den Boer F., Di Candido F., Di Saverio S., Diaz Pavon J., Dieguez Fernandez B., Diez-Alonso M., Dimitrijevic I., Dindelegan G., Djuric M., Domingos H., Doornebosch P., Dos Santos M., Drami I., Dudarovaska H., Dusek T., Dzhumabaev H., Eden Y., Egenvall M., Eismiontas V., El Sorogy M., Elgeidie A., Elhemaly M., El-Hussuna A., Ellul S., Elmore U., ElNakeeb A., Elrefai M., Emile S., Enrriquez-Navascues J., Epstein J., Escartin J., Escola D., Escuder J., Espin E., Espina B., Estefania D., Etienne J., Fabbri S., Falato A., Fares R., Farina P., Farkasova M., Farres R., Fasolini F., Fatayer T., Febles G., Feliu F., Feo C., Feoktistov D., Fernandez F., Fernandez Isart M., Fernando J., Ferreira G., Ferrer R., Ferreras Garcia C., Ferri M., Figueiredo N., Finotti E., Fitzgerald J., Flateh Backe I., Flor-Lorente B., Forero-Torres A., Foschi D., Francart D., Francois Y., Frasson M., Freil-Lanter C., Frois Borges M., Fuzun M., Gala T., Galleano R., Galvez P., Galvez Saldana A., Gamundi Cuesta M., Garcia Cabrera A., Garcia Egea J., Garcia Olmo D., Garcia-Gonzalez J., Garcia-Granero A., Garcia-Granero E., Garcia-Septiem J., Gardea A., Garipov M., Gefen R., Geraghty A., Gerkis S., Germanos S., Ghaffari S., Ghilles E., Gianotti L., Gil Santos M., Gilsanz Martin C., Gingert C., Gklavas A., Glehen O., Golda T., Gomez N., Gomez R., Gomez Ruiz M., Gonzalez Santin V., Graham B., Grainger J., Grama F., Gregoir T., Gregori M., Grolich T., Grosek J., Guadalajara H., Guckenheimer S., Guevara J., Gulotta G., Gupta S., Gurevich N., Gurjar S., Haapaniemi S., Hahnloser D., Hamad Y., Hamid M., Hanly A., Harris G., Harsanyi L., Hartig N., Hawkin P., Henriques P., Herbst F., Hermann N., Hernandez Garcia M., Hoch J., Hrora A., Huhtinen H., Iarumov N., Ilkanich A., Insua C., Ioannidis P., Iqbal M., Iqbal A., Isik A., Ismaiel M., Ivlev D., Jadhav V., Jareno S., Jehaes C., Jimenez V., Jimenez-Toscano M., Jimenez-Miramon J., Jimenez-Rodriguez R., Jonsson T., Jotautas V., Julia D., Juloski J., Jung B., Kala Z., Kalayci M., Kara Y., Karachun A., Karagul S., Karvonen J., Katorkin S., Katsoulis I., Katsounis D., Kaubrys M., Kaul N., Kefalou E., Keijzers M., Kelly M., Kenic M., Kennelly R., Khan J., Khan M., Kho H., Kinas V., Knight J., Kocian P., Koeter T., Kokobelyan A., Konsten J., Koolen L., Kosir J., Kostic I., Krdzic I., Kreisler Moreno E., Krivokapic Z., Krstev P., Krsul D., Kumarasinghe N., La Torre F., Labarga F., Ladra M., Lage Laredo A., Lahodzich N., Lai C., Lakkis Z., Lal R., Lamas S., Lang T., Latkauskas T., Lawes D., Lazar G., Lebedev K., Lebedeva M., Lefevre J., Lekic Vitlov V., Lemma M., Leo C., Leon C., Leventoglu S., Levy B., Li L., Licari L., Lizdenis P., Loftas P., Longhi M., Longstaff L., Lopez Dominguez J., Lopez-Lara M., Lora P., Lorenzon L., Lorusso D., Lozev I., Lozoya Trujillo R., Lukic D., Lunins R., Luzan R., Luzzi A., Maderuelo V., Madsboll T., Mahotin D., Majbar M., Makhmudov A., Malik K., Maly O., Mamaloudis I., Mamedli Z., Manatakis D., Mandi D., Mangell P., Marharint T., Mariani N., Maric B., Marimuthu K., Marinello F., Marino F., Markiewicz S., Markovic V., Marom G., Maroni N., Maroulis I., Marsanic P., Marsman H., Martens M., Marti M., Martinek L., Martinez S., Martinez D., Martinez Manzano A., Martins R., Maslyankov S., McArdle K., McDermott F., Mege D., Mehraj A., Mehta A., Mendrila D., Menendez P., Mercantini P., Metwally I., Mikalauskas S., Millan M., Mingoli A., Mirshekar-Syahkal B., Moggia E., Mohan S., Moller P., Mompart Garcia S., Monami B., Moniz Pereira P., Montroni I., Morel P., Moshev B., Mostovoy E., Mothe S., Mukhtar H., Muller P., Munch S., Munoz Camarena J., Munoz-Collado S., Muratore A., Muscara F., Muysoms F., Myrelid P., N. Lah N., Nail S., Narayanan A., Nastos K., Negoi I., Nesbakken A., Nestler G., Nestorovic M., Nesytykh A., Newton K., Ng Y., Ngu J., Nguyen B., Nijs Y., Nikberg M., Nimmersgern T., Nogues E., Norcic G., Nutautiene V., Nygren J., O'Brien J., Ochogavia Segui A., O'Kelly J., Oliveira-Cunha M., Omar W., Omar G., Onishchenko S., Onody P., Opocher E., Orhalmi J., Oshowo A., Otero J., Ozgen U., Pace K., Padin H., Papaconstantinou I., Papadopoulos A., Papadopoulos G., Papandrea M., Paral J., Parc Y., Paredes J., Parmar M., Parra Banos P., Parray F., Pascual Damieta M., Pascual Miguelanez I., Passot G., Pastor C., Paszt A., Patel P., Paterson H., Patron Uriburu J., Paulos A., Pavlov V., Pcolkins A., Pecic V., Pena Ros E., Penkov R., Pera Roman M., Perunicic V., Pery R., Petrovic D., Pezzolla F., Photi E., Pikarsky A., Piramanayagam B., Pisani Ceretti A., Planellas P., Platt E., Pletinckx P., Podda M., Poskus T., Poskus E., Pozdnyakov A., Pravosudov I., Previsic A., Prieto D., Prochazka V., Prodan A., Proud D., Psaila J., Psaras G., Pulighe F., Pullig F., Qureshi M., Rachadell J., Radovanovic Z., Radovanovic D., Raguan B., Rahman M., Raiss M., Ramirez Faraco M., Ramos J., Ramos-Prada J., Rantala A., Rao M., Rasulov A., Ratnatunga K., Raymond T., Refky B., Reggiani L., Regusci L., Reyes Diaz M., Richardson J., Richiteanu G., Rios A., Ris F., Rodriguez Garcia P., Roffi N., Romairone E., Romano G., Romero I., Romero de Diego A., Romero-Simo M., Roque C., Rosati R., Rossi B., Rossi E., Rossini R., Ruano A., Rubbini M., Rubio-Perez I., Ruffo G., Ruiz H., Ruiz Carmona M., Ryska O., Sabia D., Sacchi M., Sacco R., Sakr A., Saladzinskas Z., Salamone G., Salomon M., Salvans Ruiz S., Sammarco G., Sampietro G., Samsonov D., Samsonyuk V., Sanchez J., Sanchez Romero A., Sanchez-Guillen L., Santak G., Santamaria-Olabarrieta M., Santos J., Saraceno F., Saralegui Y., Sarici I., Savino G., Scabini S., Schafli J., Schiltz B., Schofield A., Schon M., Scurtu R., Segalini E., Segelman J., Segura-Sampedro J., Seicean R., Sekulic A., Selniahina L., Seretis F., Serrano Paz P., Shaikh I., Shalaby M., Shams N., Sharma A., Sharma G., Shukla A., Shussman N., Shweejawee Z., Sielezneff I., Sigurdsson H., Sileri P., Silva M., Simcikas D., Simoes J., Simonka Z., Singh B., Sivins A., Skroubis G., Skull A., Slavchev M., Slavin M., Smart N., Smart C., Smart P., Smedh K., Smolarek S., Sokmen S., Sokolov M., Solana Bueno A., Solar L., Sorrentino L., Sotona O., Spacca D., Spinelli A., Stanojevic G., Stearns A., Stefan S., Stift A., Stijns J., Stoyanov V., Straarup D., Strupas K., Stubbs B., Subocius A., Sudlow A., Suero C., Sungurtekin U., Svagzdys S., Syk I., Tamelis A., Tamhane R., Tamini N., Tamosiunas A., Tanis P., Tarasov N., Tate S., Tennakoon A., Teo N., Terzi C., Tezas S., Thabet W., Tham J., Thavanesan N., Theodosopoulos T., Thomas W., Tiret E., Tiselius C., Todorov G., Tomazic A., Tomulescu V., Torkington J., Totis M., Trostchansky I., Truan N., Tulchinsky H., Tutino R., Tzivanakis A., Tzovaras G., Ugolini G., Unger L., Upanishad I., Urbani L., Uth Ovesen A., Vaizey C., Vallribera F., Valsdottir E., Valverde I., Valverde-Sintas J., Van Belle K., Van Cleven S., van Hagen P., van Loon Y., van Ruler O., Van Wijck K., Varabei A., Varcada M., Varpe P., Vartic M., Velchuru V., Vencius J., Venskutonis D., Vercher D., Vermaas M., Vertruyen M., Verza L., Vescio G., Vezakis A., Vieira P., Vignali A., Vigorita V., Vila Tura M., Vinson-Bonnet B., Viso Pons L., Voloshin S., Voronin Y., Vukusic L., Wang X., Wang J., Wani R., Warusavitarne J., Wasserberg N., Weerts J., Weiss D., Weizman A., Westerduin E., Wheat J., White I., Wik T., Wilson J., Winter D., Wolthuis A., Wong M., Yahia S., Yamamoto T., Yanishev A., Yao C., Yildiz A., Yuksel O., Zain Z., Zakaria A., Zakaria Z., Zampitis N., Zarand A., Zarco-Pleguezuelos A., Zattoni D., Zelic M., Zeromskas P., Zhuravlev A., Zimmerman D., Zuhdy M., Zukanovic G., Surgery, CCA - Cancer Treatment and Quality of Life, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Graduate School, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Cellular & Molecular Mechanisms, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Neuroinfection & -inflammation, APH - Methodology, APH - Personalized Medicine, Pinkney, T, Taylor, H, Tong, C, Schmitz, N, Morton, D, Bhangu, A, Blackwell, S, Dardanov, D, Dulskas, A, Gallo, G, Glasbey, J, Keatley, J, Knowles, C, Li, Y, Mccourt, V, Minaya-Bravo, A, Neary, P, Nepogodiev, D, Pata, F, Pellino, G, Sivrikoz, E, van Ramshorst, G, Zmora, O, Perry, R, Magill, E, Abdalkoddus, M, Abelevich, A, Abraham, S, Abraham-Nordling, M, Adamina, M, Agalar, C, Agresta, F, Ahallat, M, Ahmad, N, Aiupov, R, Akca, O, Aleksic, A, Aleotti, F, Alias, D, Alonso, J, Alonso Goncalves, S, Alonso Martin, J, Alonso Poza, A, Alonso-Hernandez, N, Alos Company, R, Al-Saeedi, M, Alvarez-Laso, C, Alvarez-Gallego, M, Amanatidis, T, Americano, M, Amorim, E, Anandan, L, Anania, G, Ancans, G, Andreev, P, Andrejevic, P, Antonacci, N, Anwer, M, Aonzo, P, Arencibia, B, Argeny, S, Arieli, H, Arnold, S, Ashraf, M, Aslam, M, Atanasov, B, Atif, M, Atladottir, J, Avital, S, Awny, S, Aytac, B, Azahr, N, Aznar-Puig, S, Bailey, S, Balalis, D, Baldi, C, Baldonedo, R, Balducci, G, Balestra, F, Balestri, R, Balfour, A, Baloyiannis, I, Banky, B, Baral, J, Baranyai, Z, Barbashinov, N, Bargallo, J, Barisic, G, Barugola, G, Batashki, I, Battersby, N, Belev, N, Belli, A, Beltran de Heredia, J, Bemelman, W, Benavides Buleje, J, Benckert, A, Bernal-Sprekelsen, J, Bertocchi, E, Beuran, M, Bhan, C, Bianco, F, Bilali, S, Bilali, V, Bintintan, V, Birindelli, A, Birsan, T, Blanco Antona, F, Blas, J, Blasco-Segura, T, Blom, R, Bocchetti, T, Boerma, E, Bogdan, M, Boland, M, Bomans, B, Borda, N, Bowen, M, Bradulskis, S, Branagan, G, Brankovic, B, Brenna, M, Brewer, H, Broadhurst, J, Bronder, C, Brouwer, R, Buccianti, P, Buchs, N, Buchwald, P, Bugatti, A, Bui, A, Burcos, T, Buskens, C, Bustamante, C, Caceres, N, Cagigas Fernandez, C, Calero-Lillo, A, Camps, I, Canda, A, Caravaca-Garcia, I, Carballo, F, Carcoforo, P, Carlander, J, Carlos, S, Caro, A, Carpelan, A, Carrasco Prats, M, Carrillo Lopez, M, Carvello, M, Casal, E, Casoni Pattacini, G, Castellvi Valls, J, Castillo Diego, J, Cavallesco, G, Cavenaile, V, Cayetano, L, Ceccotti, A, Cervera-Aldama, J, Chabok, A, Chafai, N, Chandrasinghe, P, Chandratreya, N, Chaudhri, S, Chaudhry, Z, Cherdancev, D, Chernov, A, Chevallay, M, Chirletti, P, Chouillard, E, Chouliaras, C, Chowdri, N, Cillo, M, Cini, C, Ciubotaru, C, Ciuce, C, Claeys, D, Cocorullo, G, Codina-Cazador, A, Colak, E, Coletta, D, Colombo, F, Copaescu, C, Corte Real, J, Corver, M, Cosic, J, Costa, S, Costa Pereira, J, Costa Pereira, C, Costa-Navarro, D, Cotte, E, Cracco, N, Cristian, D, Cuadrado, M, Cuk, V, Cunha, M, Cunha, J, Curinga, R, Curletti, G, Curtis, N, Dabic, D, Dainius, E, D'Alessandro, A, Daniels, I, Darvin, V, Dauser, B, David, G, Davidova, O, Davies, E, de Andres Asenjo, B, De franciscis, S, de Graaf, E, De la Portilla, F, De Luca, E, De Nisco, C, De Toma, G, Defoort, B, Den Boer, F, Di Candido, F, Di Saverio, S, Diaz Pavon, J, Dieguez Fernandez, B, Diez-Alonso, M, Dimitrijevic, I, Dindelegan, G, Djuric, M, Domingos, H, Doornebosch, P, Dos Santos, M, Drami, I, Dudarovaska, H, Dusek, T, Dzhumabaev, H, Eden, Y, Egenvall, M, Eismiontas, V, El Sorogy, M, Elgeidie, A, Elhemaly, M, El-Hussuna, A, Ellul, S, Elmore, U, Elnakeeb, A, Elrefai, M, Emile, S, Enrriquez-Navascues, J, Epstein, J, Escartin, J, Escola, D, Escuder, J, Espin, E, Espina, B, Estefania, D, Etienne, J, Fabbri, S, Falato, A, Fares, R, Farina, P, Farkasova, M, Farres, R, Fasolini, F, Fatayer, T, Febles, G, Feliu, F, Feo, C, Feoktistov, D, Fernandez, F, Fernandez Isart, M, Fernando, J, Ferreira, G, Ferrer, R, Ferreras Garcia, C, Ferri, M, Figueiredo, N, Finotti, E, Fitzgerald, J, Flateh Backe, I, Flor-Lorente, B, Forero-Torres, A, Foschi, D, Francart, D, Francois, Y, Frasson, M, Freil-Lanter, C, Frois Borges, M, Fuzun, M, Gala, T, Galleano, R, Galvez, P, Galvez Saldana, A, Gamundi Cuesta, M, Garcia Cabrera, A, Garcia Egea, J, Garcia Olmo, D, Garcia-Gonzalez, J, Garcia-Granero, A, Garcia-Granero, E, Garcia-Septiem, J, Gardea, A, Garipov, M, Gefen, R, Geraghty, A, Gerkis, S, Germanos, S, Ghaffari, S, Ghilles, E, Gianotti, L, Gil Santos, M, Gilsanz Martin, C, Gingert, C, Gklavas, A, Glehen, O, Golda, T, Gomez, N, Gomez, R, Gomez Ruiz, M, Gonzalez Santin, V, Graham, B, Grainger, J, Grama, F, Gregoir, T, Gregori, M, Grolich, T, Grosek, J, Guadalajara, H, Guckenheimer, S, Guevara, J, Gulotta, G, Gupta, S, Gurevich, N, Gurjar, S, Haapaniemi, S, Hahnloser, D, Hamad, Y, Hamid, M, Hanly, A, Harris, G, Harsanyi, L, Hartig, N, Hawkin, P, Henriques, P, Herbst, F, Hermann, N, Hernandez Garcia, M, Hoch, J, Hrora, A, Huhtinen, H, Iarumov, N, Ilkanich, A, Insua, C, Ioannidis, P, Iqbal, M, Iqbal, A, Isik, A, Ismaiel, M, Ivlev, D, Jadhav, V, Jareno, S, Jehaes, C, Jimenez, V, Jimenez-Toscano, M, Jimenez-Miramon, J, Jimenez-Rodriguez, R, Jonsson, T, Jotautas, V, Julia, D, Juloski, J, Jung, B, Kala, Z, Kalayci, M, Kara, Y, Karachun, A, Karagul, S, Karvonen, J, Katorkin, S, Katsoulis, I, Katsounis, D, Kaubrys, M, Kaul, N, Kefalou, E, Keijzers, M, Kelly, M, Kenic, M, Kennelly, R, Khan, J, Khan, M, Kho, H, Kinas, V, Knight, J, Kocian, P, Koeter, T, Kokobelyan, A, Konsten, J, Koolen, L, Kosir, J, Kostic, I, Krdzic, I, Kreisler Moreno, E, Krivokapic, Z, Krstev, P, Krsul, D, Kumarasinghe, N, La Torre, F, Labarga, F, Ladra, M, Lage Laredo, A, Lahodzich, N, Lai, C, Lakkis, Z, Lal, R, Lamas, S, Lang, T, Latkauskas, T, Lawes, D, Lazar, G, Lebedev, K, Lebedeva, M, Lefevre, J, Lekic Vitlov, V, Lemma, M, Leo, C, Leon, C, Leventoglu, S, Levy, B, Li, L, Licari, L, Lizdenis, P, Loftas, P, Longhi, M, Longstaff, L, Lopez Dominguez, J, Lopez-Lara, M, Lora, P, Lorenzon, L, Lorusso, D, Lozev, I, Lozoya Trujillo, R, Lukic, D, Lunins, R, Luzan, R, Luzzi, A, Maderuelo, V, Madsboll, T, Mahotin, D, Majbar, M, Makhmudov, A, Malik, K, Maly, O, Mamaloudis, I, 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D., Chernov, A., Chevallay, M., Chirletti, P., Chouillard, E., Chouliaras, C., Chowdri, N., Cillo, M., Cini, C., Ciubotaru, C., Ciuce, C., Claeys, D., Cocorullo, G., Codina-Cazador, A., Colak, E., Coletta, D., Colombo, F., Copaescu, C., Corte Real, J., Corver, M., Cosic, J., Costa, S., Costa Pereira, J., Costa Pereira, C., Costa-Navarro, D., Cotte, E., Cracco, N., Cristian, D., Cuadrado, M., Cuk, V., Cunha, M., Cunha, J., Curinga, R., Curletti, G., Curtis, N., Dabic, D., Dainius, E., D'Alessandro, A., Daniels, I., Darvin, V., Dauser, B., David, G., Davidova, O., Davies, E., de Andres Asenjo, B., De franciscis, S., de Graaf, E., De la Portilla, F., De Luca, E., De Nisco, C., De Toma, G., Defoort, B., Den Boer, F., Di Candido, F., Di Saverio, S., Diaz Pavon, J., Dieguez Fernandez, B., Diez-Alonso, M., Dimitrijevic, I., Dindelegan, G., Djuric, M., Domingos, H., Doornebosch, P., Dos Santos, M., Drami, I., Dudarovaska, H., Dusek, T., Dzhumabaev, H., Eden, Y., Egenvall, M., Eismiontas, V., El Sorogy, M., Elgeidie, A., Elhemaly, M., El-Hussuna, A., Ellul, S., Elmore, U., Elnakeeb, A., Elrefai, M., Emile, S., Enrriquez-Navascues, J., Epstein, J., Escartin, J., Escola, D., Escuder, J., Espin, E., Espina, B., Estefania, D., Etienne, J., Fabbri, S., Falato, A., Fares, R., Farina, P., Farkasova, M., Farres, R., Fasolini, F., Fatayer, T., Febles, G., Feliu, F., Feo, C., Feoktistov, D., Fernandez, F., Fernandez Isart, M., Fernando, J., Ferreira, G., Ferrer, R., Ferreras Garcia, C., Ferri, M., Figueiredo, N., Finotti, E., Fitzgerald, J., Flateh Backe, I., Flor-Lorente, B., Forero-Torres, A., Foschi, D., Francart, D., Francois, Y., Frasson, M., Freil-Lanter, C., Frois Borges, M., Fuzun, M., Gala, T., Galleano, R., Galvez, P., Galvez Saldana, A., Gamundi Cuesta, M., Garcia Cabrera, A., Garcia Egea, J., Garcia Olmo, D., Garcia-Gonzalez, J., Garcia-Granero, A., Garcia-Granero, E., Garcia-Septiem, J., Gardea, A., Garipov, M., Gefen, R., Geraghty, A., Gerkis, S., Germanos, S., Ghaffari, S., Ghilles, E., Gianotti, L., Gil Santos, M., Gilsanz Martin, C., Gingert, C., Gklavas, A., Glehen, O., Golda, T., Gomez, N., Gomez, R., Gomez Ruiz, M., Gonzalez Santin, V., Graham, B., Grainger, J., Grama, F., Gregoir, T., Gregori, M., Grolich, T., Grosek, J., Guadalajara, H., Guckenheimer, S., Guevara, J., Gulotta, G., Gupta, S., Gurevich, N., Gurjar, S., Haapaniemi, S., Hahnloser, D., Hamad, Y., Hamid, M., Hanly, A., Harris, G., Harsanyi, L., Hartig, N., Hawkin, P., Henriques, P., Herbst, F., Hermann, N., Hernandez Garcia, M., Hoch, J., Hrora, A., Huhtinen, H., Iarumov, N., Ilkanich, A., Insua, C., Ioannidis, P., Iqbal, M., Iqbal, A., Isik, A., Ismaiel, M., Ivlev, D., Jadhav, V., Jareno, S., Jehaes, C., Jimenez, V., Jimenez-Toscano, M., Jimenez-Miramon, J., Jimenez-Rodriguez, R., Jonsson, T., Jotautas, V., Julia, D., Juloski, J., Jung, B., Kala, Z., Kalayci, M., Kara, Y., Karachun, A., Karagul, S., Karvonen, J., Katorkin, S., Katsoulis, I., Katsounis, D., Kaubrys, M., Kaul, N., Kefalou, E., Keijzers, M., Kelly, M., Kenic, M., Kennelly, R., Khan, J., Khan, M., Kho, H., Kinas, V., Knight, J., Kocian, P., Koeter, T., Kokobelyan, A., Konsten, J., Koolen, L., Kosir, J., Kostic, I., Krdzic, I., Kreisler Moreno, E., Krivokapic, Z., Krstev, P., Krsul, D., Kumarasinghe, N., La Torre, F., Labarga, F., Ladra, M., Lage Laredo, A., Lahodzich, N., Lai, C., Lakkis, Z., Lal, R., Lamas, S., Lang, T., Latkauskas, T., Lawes, D., Lazar, G., Lebedev, K., Lebedeva, M., Lefevre, J., Lekic Vitlov, V., Lemma, M., Leo, C., Leon, C., Leventoglu, S., Levy, B., Li, L., Licari, L., Lizdenis, P., Loftas, P., Longhi, M., Longstaff, L., Lopez Dominguez, J., Lopez-Lara, M., Lora, P., Lorenzon, L., Lorusso, D., Lozev, I., Lozoya Trujillo, R., Lukic, D., Lunins, R., Luzan, R., Luzzi, A., Maderuelo, V., Madsboll, T., Mahotin, D., Majbar, M., Makhmudov, A., Malik, K., Maly, O., Mamaloudis, I., Mamedli, Z., Manatakis, D., Mandi, D., Mangell, P., Marharint, T., Mariani, N., Maric, B., Marimuthu, K., Marinello, F., Marino, F., Markiewicz, S., Markovic, V., Marom, G., Maroni, N., Maroulis, I., Marsanic, P., Marsman, H., Martens, M., Marti, M., Martinek, L., Martinez, S., Martinez, D., Martinez Manzano, A., Martins, R., Maslyankov, S., Mcardle, K., Mcdermott, F., Mege, D., Mehraj, A., Mehta, A., Mendrila, D., Menendez, P., Mercantini, P., Metwally, I., Mikalauskas, S., Millan, M., Mingoli, A., Mirshekar-Syahkal, B., Moggia, E., Mohan, S., Moller, P., Mompart Garcia, S., Monami, B., Moniz Pereira, P., Montroni, I., Morel, P., Moshev, B., Mostovoy, E., Mothe, S., Mukhtar, H., Muller, P., Munch, S., Munoz Camarena, J., Munoz-Collado, S., Muratore, A., Muscara, F., Muysoms, F., Myrelid, P., N. Lah, N., Nail, S., Narayanan, A., Nastos, K., Negoi, I., Nesbakken, A., Nestler, G., Nestorovic, M., Nesytykh, A., Newton, K., Ng, Y., Ngu, J., Nguyen, B., Nijs, Y., Nikberg, M., Nimmersgern, T., Nogues, E., Norcic, G., Nutautiene, V., Nygren, J., O'Brien, J., Ochogavia Segui, A., O'Kelly, J., Oliveira-Cunha, M., Omar, W., Omar, G., Onishchenko, S., Onody, P., Opocher, E., Orhalmi, J., Oshowo, A., Otero, J., Ozgen, U., Pace, K., Padin, H., Papaconstantinou, I., Papadopoulos, A., Papadopoulos, G., Papandrea, M., Paral, J., Parc, Y., Paredes, J., Parmar, M., Parra Banos, P., Parray, F., Pascual Damieta, M., Pascual Miguelanez, I., Passot, G., Pastor, C., Paszt, A., Patel, P., Paterson, H., Patron Uriburu, J., Paulos, A., Pavlov, V., Pcolkins, A., Pecic, V., Pena Ros, E., Penkov, R., Pera Roman, M., Perunicic, V., Pery, R., Petrovic, D., Pezzolla, F., Photi, E., Pikarsky, A., Piramanayagam, B., Pisani Ceretti, A., Planellas, P., Platt, E., Pletinckx, P., Podda, M., Poskus, T., Poskus, E., Pozdnyakov, A., Pravosudov, I., Previsic, A., Prieto, D., Prochazka, V., Prodan, A., Proud, D., Psaila, J., Psaras, G., Pulighe, F., Pullig, F., Qureshi, M., Rachadell, J., Radovanovic, Z., Radovanovic, D., Raguan, B., Rahman, M., Raiss, M., Ramirez Faraco, M., Ramos, J., Ramos-Prada, J., Rantala, A., Rao, M., Rasulov, A., Ratnatunga, K., Raymond, T., Refky, B., Reggiani, L., Regusci, L., Reyes Diaz, M., Richardson, J., Richiteanu, G., Rios, A., Ris, F., Rodriguez Garcia, P., Roffi, N., Romairone, E., Romano, G., Romero, I., Romero de Diego, A., Romero-Simo, M., Roque, C., Rosati, R., Rossi, B., Rossi, E., Rossini, R., Ruano, A., Rubbini, M., Rubio-Perez, I., Ruffo, G., Ruiz, H., Ruiz Carmona, M., Ryska, O., Sabia, D., Sacchi, M., Sacco, R., Sakr, A., Saladzinskas, Z., Salamone, G., Salomon, M., Salvans Ruiz, S., Sammarco, G., Sampietro, G., Samsonov, D., Samsonyuk, V., Sanchez, J., Sanchez Romero, A., Sanchez-Guillen, L., Santak, G., Santamaria-Olabarrieta, M., Santos, J., Saraceno, F., Saralegui, Y., Sarici, I., Savino, G., Scabini, S., Schafli, J., Schiltz, B., Schofield, A., Schon, M., Scurtu, R., Segalini, E., Segelman, J., Segura-Sampedro, J., Seicean, R., Sekulic, A., Selniahina, L., Seretis, F., Serrano Paz, P., Shaikh, I., Shalaby, M., Shams, N., Sharma, A., Sharma, G., Shukla, A., Shussman, N., Shweejawee, Z., Sielezneff, I., Sigurdsson, H., Sileri, P., Silva, M., Simcikas, D., Simoes, J., Simonka, Z., Singh, B., Sivins, A., Skroubis, G., Skull, A., Slavchev, M., Slavin, M., Smart, N., Smart, C., Smart, P., Smedh, K., Smolarek, S., Sokmen, S., Sokolov, M., Solana Bueno, A., Solar, L., Sorrentino, L., Sotona, O., Spacca, D., Spinelli, A., Stanojevic, G., Stearns, A., Stefan, S., Stift, A., Stijns, J., Stoyanov, V., Straarup, D., Strupas, K., Stubbs, B., Subocius, A., Sudlow, A., Suero, C., Sungurtekin, U., Svagzdys, S., Syk, I., Tamelis, A., Tamhane, R., Tamini, N., Tamosiunas, A., Tanis, P., Tarasov, N., Tate, S., Tennakoon, A., Teo, N., Terzi, C., Tezas, S., Thabet, W., Tham, J., Thavanesan, N., Theodosopoulos, T., Thomas, W., Tiret, E., Tiselius, C., Todorov, G., Tomazic, A., Tomulescu, V., Torkington, J., Totis, M., Trostchansky, I., Truan, N., Tulchinsky, H., Tutino, R., Tzivanakis, A., Tzovaras, G., Ugolini, G., Unger, L., Upanishad, I., Urbani, L., Uth Ovesen, A., Vaizey, C., Vallribera, F., Valsdottir, E., Valverde, I., Valverde-Sintas, J., Van Belle, K., Van Cleven, S., van Hagen, P., van Loon, Y., van Ruler, O., Van Wijck, K., Varabei, A., Varcada, M., Varpe, P., Vartic, M., Velchuru, V., Vencius, J., Venskutonis, D., Vercher, D., Vermaas, M., Vertruyen, M., Verza, L., Vescio, G., Vezakis, A., Vieira, P., Vignali, A., Vigorita, V., Vila Tura, M., Vinson-Bonnet, B., Viso Pons, L., Voloshin, S., Voronin, Y., Vukusic, L., Wang, X., Wang, J., Wani, R., Warusavitarne, J., Wasserberg, N., Weerts, J., Weiss, D., Weizman, A., Westerduin, E., Wheat, J., White, I., Wik, T., Wilson, J., Winter, D., Wolthuis, A., Wong, M., Yahia, S., Yamamoto, T., Yanishev, A., Yao, C., Yildiz, A., Yuksel, O., Zain, Z., Zakaria, A., Zakaria, Z., Zampitis, N., Zarand, A., Zarco-Pleguezuelos, A., Zattoni, D., Zelic, M., Zeromskas, P., Zhuravlev, A., Zimmerman, D., Zuhdy, M., and Zukanovic, G.

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Prehabilitation, medicine.medical_treatment, MEDLINE, Colorectal Neoplasm, Perioperative Care, NO, medicine, Humans, 03.02. Klinikai orvostan, Perioperative Optimisation, Enhanced recovery after surgery, Digestive System Surgical Procedures, LS7_4, Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS), business.industry, Gastroenterology, Digestive System Surgical Procedure, Guideline, Colorectal surgery, Surgery, Family medicine, Perioperative care, Nasogastric intubation, Preoperative fasting, Colorectal Neoplasms, Enhanced Recovery After Surgery, business, Colorectal Surgery, Human
Abstract

Aim The Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS® ) Society guidelines aim to standardise perioperative care in colorectal surgery via 25 principles. We aimed to assess the variation in uptake of these principles across an international network of colorectal units. Method An online survey was circulated amongst European Society of Coloproctology members in 2019/20. For each ERAS® principle, respondents were asked to score how frequently the principle was implemented in their hospital, from 1 ('rarely') to 4 ('always'). Respondents were also asked to recall whether practice had changed since 2017. Subgroup analyses based on hospital characteristics were conducted. Results Of hospitals approached, 58% responded to the survey (195/335), with 296 individual responses (multiple responses were received from some hospitals). The majority were European (163/195 [83.6%]). Overall, respondents indicated they 'most often' or 'always' adhered to most individual ERAS® principles (18/25 [72%]). Variability in uptake of principles was reported, with universal uptake of some principles (e.g., prophylactic antibiotics; early mobilisation) and inconsistency from 'rarely' to 'always' in others (e.g., no nasogastric intubation; no preoperative fasting and carbohydrate drinks). In alignment with 2018 ERAS® guideline updates, adherence to principles for prehabilitation, managing anaemia, and postoperative nutrition appears to have increased since 2017. Conclusions Uptake of ERAS® principles varied across hospitals, and not all 25 principles were equally adhered to. Whilst some principles exhibited a high level of acceptance, others had a wide variability in uptake indicative of controversy or barriers to uptake. Further research into specific principles is required to improve ERAS® implementation.

Published
2021

7. Large Magnetoresistance of Isolated Domain Walls in LSMO Nanowires

Author

Orfila, Gloria, primary, Sanchez‐Manzano, David, additional, Arora, Ashima, additional, Cuellar, Fabian, additional, Ruiz‐Gómez, Sandra, additional, Rodriguez‐Corvillo, S., additional, López, Sandra, additional, Peralta, A., additional, Gallego, Fernando, additional, Tornos, J., additional, Rouco, V., additional, Riquelme, J. J., additional, Munuera, C., additional, Mompean, F., additional, Garcia‐Hernandez, M., additional, Sefrioui, Z., additional, Villegas, J. E., additional, Perez, L., additional, Rivera, A., additional, Leon, C., additional, Valencia, S., additional, and Santamaria, J., additional

Published
2023
Full Text
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9. Nest architecture is linked with ecological success in songbirds

Author

Mooers, A, Medina, I, Perez, D, Afonso Silva, AC, Cally, J, Leon, C, Maliet, O, Quintero, I, Mooers, A, Medina, I, Perez, D, Afonso Silva, AC, Cally, J, Leon, C, Maliet, O, and Quintero, I

Abstract

Nests are essential constructions that determine fitness, yet their structure can vary substantially across bird species. While there is evidence supporting a link between nest architecture and the habitat a species occupies, we still ignore what ecological and evolutionary processes are linked to different nest types. Using information on 3175 species of songbirds, we show that-after controlling for latitude and body size-species that build domed nests (i.e. nests with a roof) have smaller ranges, are less likely to colonise urban environments and have potentially higher extinction rates compared to species with open and cavity nests. Domed nests could be a costly specialisation, and we show that these nests take more time to be built, which could restrict breeding opportunities. These diverse strands of evidence suggest that the transition from domed to open nests in passerines could represent an important evolutionary innovation behind the success of the largest bird radiation.

Published
2022

12. New concepts in basement membrane biology

Author

Anatalia Labilloy, Willi Halfter, Huaiyu Hu, Joseph Candiello, Magaly Reyes‐Lua, Christophe A. Monnier, Manimalha Balasubramani, Philipp Oertle, Marija Plodinec, Paul B. Henrich, and Leon C. Camenzind

Subjects
Proteomics, Basement membrane, Stromal cell, biology, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, Cell Biology, Anatomy, Perlecan, Microscopy, Atomic Force, Biochemistry, Phenotype, Basement Membrane, Cell biology, Extracellular matrix, stomatognathic diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, Laminin, biology.protein, medicine, Animals, Humans, Basal lamina, Cell adhesion, Molecular Biology
Abstract

Basement membranes (BMs) are thin sheets of extracellular matrix that outline epithelia, muscle fibers, blood vessels and peripheral nerves. The current view of BM structure and functions is based mainly on transmission electron microscopy imaging, in vitro protein binding assays, and phenotype analysis of human patients, mutant mice and invertebrata. Recently, MS-based protein analysis, biomechanical testing and cell adhesion assays with in vivo derived BMs have led to new and unexpected insights. Proteomic analysis combined with ultrastructural studies showed that many BMs undergo compositional and structural changes with advancing age. Atomic force microscopy measurements in combination with phenotype analysis have revealed an altered mechanical stiffness that correlates with specific BM pathologies in mutant mice and human patients. Atomic force microscopy-based height measurements strongly suggest that BMs are more than two-fold thicker than previously estimated, providing greater freedom for modelling the large protein polymers within BMs. In addition, data gathered using BMs extracted from mutant mice showed that laminin has a crucial role in BM stability. Finally, recent evidence demonstrate that BMs are bi-functionally organized, leading to the proposition that BM-sidedness contributes to the alternating epithelial and stromal tissue arrangements that are found in all metazoan species. We propose that BMs are ancient structures with tissue-organizing functions and were essential in the evolution of metazoan species.

Published
2015

13. Prostate MR elastography with transperineal electromagnetic actuation and a fast fractionally encoded steady-state gradient echo sequence

Author

Mohammad Honarvar, Philippe Garteiser, Ramin S. Sahebjavaher, Septimiu E. Salcudean, Leon C. ter Beek, Ralph Sinkus, Samuel Frew, and Artem Bylinskii

Subjects
Physics, Scanner, medicine.diagnostic_test, Magnetic resonance imaging, medicine.disease, Imaging phantom, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, Prostate cancer, Elasticity Imaging Techniques, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine.anatomical_structure, Transducer, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Prostate, medicine, Molecular Medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Elastography, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Spectroscopy, Biomedical engineering
Abstract

Our aim is to develop a clinically viable, fast-acquisition, prostate MR elastography (MRE) system with transperineal excitation. We developed a new actively shielded electromagnetic transducer, designed to enable quick deployment and positioning within the scanner. The shielding of the transducer was optimized using simulations. We also employed a new rapid pulse sequence that encodes the three-dimensional displacement field in the prostate gland using a fractionally encoded steady-state gradient echo sequence, thereby shortening the acquisition time to a clinically acceptable 8–10 min. The methods were tested in two phantoms and seven human subjects (six volunteers and one patient with prostate cancer). The MRE acquisition time for 24 slices, with an isotropic resolution of 2 mm and eight phase offsets, was 8 min, and the total scan, including positioning and set-up, was performed in 15–20 min. The phantom study demonstrated that the transducer does not interfere with the acquisition process and that it generates displacement amplitudes that exceed 100 µm even at frequencies as high as 300 Hz. In the in vivo human study, average wave amplitudes of 30 µm (46 µm at the apex) were routinely achieved within the prostate gland at 70 Hz. No pain or discomfort was reported. Results in a single patient suggest that MRE can identify cancer tumors, although this result is preliminary. The proposed methods allow the integration of prostate MRE with other multiparametric MRI methods. The results of this study clearly motivate the clinical evaluation of transperineal MRE in patients. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Published
2014

16. Rapid acquisition of multifrequency, multislice and multidirectional MR elastography data with a fractionally encoded gradient echo sequence

Author

Ralph Sinkus, Septimiu E. Salcudean, Philippe Garteiser, Bernard E. Van Beers, Ramin S. Sahebjavaher, Leon C. ter Beek, and Valérie Vilgrain

Subjects
Physics, medicine.diagnostic_test, Phase (waves), Pulse sequence, computer.software_genre, Elasticity Imaging Techniques, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Sampling (signal processing), Voxel, medicine, Molecular Medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Multislice, Elastography, computer, Spectroscopy, Sequence (medicine)
Abstract

In MR elastography (MRE), periodic tissue motion is phase encoded using motion-encoding gradients synchronized to an externally applied periodic mechanical excitation. Conventional methods result in extended scan time for quality phase images, thus limiting the broad application of MRE in the clinic. For practical scan times, researchers have been relying on one-dimensional or two-dimensional motion-encoding, low-phase sampling and a limited number of slices, and artifact-prone, single-shot, echo planar imaging (EPI) readout. Here, we introduce a rapid multislice pulse sequence capable of three-dimensional motion encoding that is also suitable for simultaneously encoding motion with multiple frequency components. This sequence is based on a gradient-recalled echo (GRE) sequence and exploits the principles of fractional encoding. This GRE MRE pulse sequence was validated as capable of acquiring full three-dimensional motion encoding of isotropic voxels in a large volume within less than a minute. This sequence is suitable for monofrequency and multifrequency MRE experiments. In homogeneous paraffin phantoms, the eXpresso sequence yielded similar storage modulus values as those obtained with conventional methods, although with markedly reduced variances (7.11 ± 0.26 kPa for GRE MRE versus 7.16 ± 1.33 kPa for the conventional spin-echo EPI sequence). The GRE MRE sequence obtained better phase-to-noise ratios than the equivalent spin-echo EPI sequence (matched for identical acquisition time) in both paraffin phantoms and in vivo data in the liver (59.62 ± 11.89 versus 27.86 ± 3.81, 61.49 ± 14.16 versus 24.78 ± 2.48 and 58.23 ± 10.39 versus 23.48 ± 2.91 in the X, Y and Z components, respectively, in the case of liver experiments). Phase-to-noise ratios were similar between GRE MRE used in monofrequency or multifrequency experiments (75.39 ± 14.93 versus 86.13 ± 18.25 at 28 Hz, 71.52 ± 24.74 versus 86.96 ± 30.53 at 56 Hz and 95.60 ± 36.96 versus 61.35 ± 26.25 at 84Hz, respectively). Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Published
2013

17. Assessment of multiple types of DNA damage in human placentas from smoking and nonsmoking women in the Czech Republic

Author

Miriam C. Poirier, Radim J. Sram, Ofelia A. Olivero, David M. DeMarini, Linda D. Adams, Paul Sirajuddin, M. Margaret Pratt, David K. Manchester, Kaarthik John, and Leon C. King

Subjects
Keratinocytes, Epidemiology, DNA damage, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Mutagen, Environmental pollution, In Vitro Techniques, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Article, DNA Adducts, chemistry.chemical_compound, Syncytiotrophoblast, Pregnancy, Placenta, medicine, Humans, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Genetics (clinical), Czech Republic, Genetics, Cytotrophoblast, Immune Sera, Smoking, Immunohistochemistry, Molecular biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, embryonic structures, Chorionic villi, Female, DNA, DNA Damage
Abstract

Three classes of DNA damage were assessed in human placentas collected (2000–2004) from 51 women living in the Teplice region of the Czech Republic, a mining area considered to have some of the worst environmental pollution in Europe in the 1980s. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-DNA adducts were localized and semiquantified using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and the Automated Cellular Imaging System (ACIS). More generalized DNA damage was measured both by 32P-postlabeling and by abasic (AB) site analysis. Placenta stained with antiserum elicited against DNA modified with 7β,8α-dihydroxy-9α,10α-epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-benzo[a]pyrene (BPDE) revealed PAH-DNA adduct localization in nuclei of the cytotrophoblast (CT) cells and syncytiotrophoblast (ST) knots lining the chorionic villi. The highest levels of DNA damage, 49-312 PAH-DNA adducts/108 nucleotides, were found by IHC/ACIS in 14 immediately fixed placenta samples. An additional 37 placenta samples were stored frozen before fixation and embedding, and because PAH-DNA adducts were largely undetectable in these samples, freezing was implicated in the loss of IHC signal. The same placentas (n = 37) contained 1.7–8.6 stable/bulky DNA adducts/108 nucleotides and 0.6–47.2 AB sites/105 nucleotides. For all methods, there was no correlation among types of DNA damage and no difference in extent of DNA damage between smokers and nonsmokers. Therefore, the data show that DNA from placentas obtained in Teplice contained multiple types of DNA damage, which likely arose from various environmental exposures. In addition, PAH-DNA adducts were present at high concentrations in the CT cells and ST knots of the chorionic villi. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 52:58–68, 2011. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Published
2011

18. Mesotocin and vasotocin, two neurohypophysial hormones in the ostrich, Struthio camelus

Author

Ryno J. Naudé, Leon C. Isaacson, Willem Oelofsen, and Hesta S. Saayman

Subjects
endocrine system, medicine.medical_specialty, Vasotocin, Biology, Peptide hormone, Oxytocin, Biochemistry, Sequence determination, Birds, chemistry.chemical_compound, Amino acid analysis, Pituitary Gland, Posterior, Posterior pituitary, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Amino Acid Sequence, Peptide sequence, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, biology.organism_classification, medicine.anatomical_structure, Endocrinology, chemistry, Chromatography, Gel, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists, Struthio, Hormone
Abstract

Two neurohypophysial hormones have been isolated from an avian species, the ostrich, Struthio camelus. Both have been characterized by amino acid analysis and sequence determination. The data obtained suggest that the oxytocin-like hormone is [Ile8-oxytocin] (mesotocin) and the vasopressin-like hormone is [Ile3-vasopressin] (vasotocin). Bioactivity measurements based on urinary conductivity showed vasotocin to be about five times as active as mesotocin.

Published
2009

20. Improved focal liver lesion detection: Comparison of single-shot spin-echo echo-planar and superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO)-enhanced MRI

Author

Kenneth Coenegrachts, Jaap Stoker, Marc Haspeslagh, Leon C. ter Beek, Shandra Bipat, Hans Orlent, H Rigauts, ACS - Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, AGEM - Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, and CCA -Cancer Center Amsterdam

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Focus (geometry), Image quality, Iron, Whole body imaging, Contrast Media, Lesion, Biopsy, medicine, Humans, Whole Body Imaging, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Magnetite Nanoparticles, medicine.diagnostic_test, Echo-Planar Imaging, business.industry, Liver Neoplasms, Dextrans, Oxides, Middle Aged, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Ferrosoferric Oxide, Liver lesion, Injections, Intravenous, Liver Hemangioma, Spin echo, Female, Radiology, medicine.symptom, Colorectal Neoplasms, Nuclear medicine, business
Abstract

Purpose To prospectively compare single-shot spin-echo echo-planar imaging (SSSE-EPI) using b = 0, 10, 150, and 400 seconds/mm2 with standard MRI techniques after intravenous super paramagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) in the detection and characterization of focal liver lesions with focus on small (

Published
2007

21. A Simulated Cell Reprogramming from a Pharmacological Perspective

Author

Monica Nadal-Quiros, Mariano Marcano, and Leon C. Moore

Subjects
Cognitive science, Focus (computing), Computer science, Perspective (graphical), Genetics, sense organs, skin and connective tissue diseases, Molecular Biology, Biochemistry, Reprogramming, Biotechnology
Abstract

By means of mathematical models, we propose a strategy for identifying the functional changes required to reprogram one type of cell into another. Here, we focus on altering the activity or express...

Published
2015

22. Assessing the prevalence of dental caries among elementary school children in North Korea: a cross-sectional survey in the Kangwon province

Author

Mary Anne S. Baysac, Leon C Goe, Knox H Todd, and John A. Linton

Subjects
Male, Toothbrushing, medicine.medical_specialty, Empirical data, Pediatrics, Korea, Office Visits, business.industry, Cross-sectional study, Public health, education, Dental Caries, Oral health, stomatognathic diseases, Statistical analyses, Environmental health, Epidemiology, Humans, Medicine, Female, Dentistry (miscellaneous), General health, Child, Epidemiologic Methods, business
Abstract

Objectives: The lack of epidemiological studies has made it difficult to assess the extent of public health problems in North Korea. In the absence of empirical data, less intrusive study designs acceptable to the North Korean government could be developed to gauge the public's health. To this end we developed a basic oral health survey in order to assess the prevalence of untreated dental caries among children. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 854 elementary school students was conducted in the city of Wonsan, North Korea. Students were screened and classified into one of three states of oral health: no caries, minor caries or severe dental caries. Verbal surveys were concurrently administered on children to collect basic information on oral health behaviours and demographic characteristics. Statistical analyses were performed to determine if any variables were significant predictors of oral health status category. Results: Among the 854 students screened, we found 255 students with no caries (29.9%), 316 students with minor caries (37.0%), and 283 students with severe caries (33.1%). The majority of students (70.1%) screened had dental caries. Almost all of the students (98.5%) claimed to brush their teeth daily and 71.2% of students visited a dentist in the past year. There were no significant predictors of oral health status. Conclusions: The oral health of children in Wonsan, North Korea is comparable if not slightly better than the oral health status of children of similar age in countries with similar Social-Economic Status (SES). Basic oral health screens are useful to produce a snapshot of general oral health status among children in North Korea and may provide insight as to the general health of these children.

Published
2005

23. Laboratory Monitoring of OxyContin (Oxycodone): Clinical Pitfalls

Author

Charles P. Fitzgerald, Leon C. Adelman, James U. Adelman, and Randal L. Von Seggern

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Headache Disorders, media_common.quotation_subject, Laboratory monitoring, Analgesic, Sensitivity and Specificity, Limited access, medicine, Humans, Intensive care medicine, False Negative Reactions, media_common, Immunoassay, Chromatography, business.industry, Addiction, Analgesics, Opioid, Substance Abuse Detection, Neurology, Opioid, Anesthesia, Neurology (clinical), Drug Monitoring, Headaches, medicine.symptom, Opioid analgesics, business, Oxycodone, medicine.drug
Abstract

Some patients have headaches that are refractory to standard treatments, and they require chronic administration of opioid analgesics. The use of opioids in a clinical setting must be closely monitored due to the medications' potential for addiction, abuse, and fatal interactions. Limited access to opioids and the demand for them outside the clinical setting leads to another danger. Patients can mislead their providers into prescribing opioids, intending to sell the medications instead of using them to alleviate their own pain. For protection of the patient, as well as the community, it is vital that such activity be prevented. We recently encountered a patient we suspected of abusing or misusing OxyContin (oxycodone). In order to determine whether the patient was taking the medication as prescribed, we ordered a urine-based immunoassay drug screen. The results were negative; the patient appeared to not have oxycodone in his system. Based on these results, we dismissed the patient from our practice. At the patient's request, a second test was performed, this time using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. It indicated that the patient did indeed have sufficiently high levels of oxycodone in the urine. The minimum level threshold was too high to detect the presence of oxycodone in the immunoassay. We would like to help prevent future misunderstandings such as we experienced. To do so, we will first present the case of our patient, followed by a discussion of the actions taken. Finally, we will provide an overview of analgesic monitoring systems.

Published
2004

24. Cost-Effectiveness of Antiepileptic Drugs in Migraine Prophylaxis

Author

Randal L. Von Seggern, Leon C. Adelman, and James U. Adelman

Subjects
Topiramate, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids, Gabapentin, Cost effectiveness, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Migraine Disorders, medicine.medical_treatment, Fructose, Acetates, Pharmacoeconomics, Medicine, Amines, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, health care economics and organizations, Sumatriptan, business.industry, Valproic Acid, Models, Theoretical, medicine.disease, Serotonin Receptor Agonists, Clinical trial, Anticonvulsant, Neurology, Migraine, Anesthesia, Anticonvulsants, Neurology (clinical), Headaches, medicine.symptom, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

OBJECTIVE To analyze the cost-effectiveness of antiepileptics in migraine prophylaxis. METHODS A cost-effectiveness analysis was performed using efficacy data from three recent, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trials of antiepileptic drugs studied for migraine prevention and cost data. Two measures of cost-effectiveness were used: cost per headache prevented and the cost-equivalent number. RESULTS In the double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trials evaluated, three antiepileptic drugs were shown to be effective in migraine prevention. All three antiepileptic drugs had high costs per migraine reduced. Gabapentin was the most costly at dollars 138.00 per migraine prevented, whereas the cost per migraine prevented with topiramate was US dollars 114.80 and with divalproex sodium was US dollars 48.00. For migraine prevention divalproex sodium became cost-effective with 10 migraines per month, whereas gabapentin and topiramate required considerably more migraines per month to be cost-effective. CONCLUSIONS Antiepileptic drugs have proven effectiveness in migraine prophylaxis. However, in patients responsive to their acute care medications, the antiepileptic drugs are only cost-effective for those patients with a high frequency of migraines and those with comorbid diseases. Future studies should be done with antiepileptic drugs in patients exhibiting a migraine frequency of 10 or more headaches per month.

Published
2002

26. New Method for Imaging Innervation of the Renal Preglomerular Vasculature. Alterations in Hypertensive Rats

Author

Annie Artuso, Nathalie Bouriquet, Leon C. Moore, Daniel Casellas, and Benjamin Walcott

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Physiology, Synaptophysin, Adrenergic, Kidney, Rats, Inbred WKY, Lesion, Dopamine, Rats, Inbred SHR, Physiology (medical), Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Molecular Biology, Plexus, biology, Angiotensin II, Arteries, Immunohistochemistry, Rats, Disease Models, Animal, NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester, medicine.anatomical_structure, Endocrinology, Hypertension, cardiovascular system, biology.protein, medicine.symptom, Adrenergic Fibers, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Immunostaining, Interlobular arteries, medicine.drug
Abstract

Objective: To develop a new method for viewing adrenergic innervation along renal preglomerular vessels; to assess nerve densities and vascular lesions along arcuate arteries (ArcA), arcuate arterial branches (ArcB), and interlobular arteries (ILA) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and in angiotensin II (AngII) and in NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME) hypertensive rats. Methods: Preglomerular vasculatures were isolated after HCl maceration and were immunostained against synaptophysin, a membrane protein of synaptic vesicles. Lesions were stained with Sudan black. Longitudinal nerve densities and relative frequencies of ArcA, ArcB, and ILA endowed with sudanophilic lesions were assessed separately. Results: Synaptophysin immunostaining revealed the vascular neural plexus. Nerves were adrenergic, as the plexus was destroyed by treatment with 6-hydroxy dopamine. Vascular lesions were not seen in SHR, and increased nerve density was observed along ArcA and ILA. In l-NAME- and AngII-hypertensive rats, vascular lesions affected predominantly ArcB and ILA, and nerve density was reduced by 12% and 28% (ArcA), 37% and 31% (ArcB), and by 55% and 34% (ILA), respectively, versus normotensive controls. Endothelin-1 receptor blockade did not affect AngII-induced hypertension but prevented both lesion development and reduction of density of the vascular neural plexus. Conclusions: The method we have devised provides a direct en face view of the vascular adrenergic innervation of isolated preglomerular vasculature. Measurements in hypertensive rat models suggest a link between vascular lesions and reduction in nerve density in hypertension. Endothelin-1 likely plays a key role in mediating both vascular injury and altered vascular nerve density in hypertension.

Published
2000

27. Marital Processes and Parental Socialization in Families of Color: A Decade Review of Research

Author

Ana Mari Cauce, Vonnie C. McLoyd, Leon C. Wilson, and David Takeuchi

Subjects
media_common.quotation_subject, Socialization, Immigration, Ethnic group, Poison control, Human factors and ergonomics, Suicide prevention, Race (biology), Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Anthropology, Injury prevention, Psychology, Social psychology, Social Sciences (miscellaneous), media_common
Abstract

and children’s adjustment to marital and family conflict also are reviewed. The third section gives attention to research on (a) paternal involvement among fathers of color; (b) the relation of parenting behavior to race and ethnicity, grandmother involvement, neighborhood and peer characteristics, and immigration; and (c) racial and ethnic socialization. The article concludes with an overview of recent advances in the study of families of color and important challenges and issues that represent research opportunities for the new decade.

Published
2000

28. A quantitative comparison of dibenzo[a,l]pyrene-DNA adduct formation by recombinant human cytochrome P450 microsomes

Author

Jeffrey A. Ross, Joycelyn Allison, Michael J. Kohan, Dhimant Desai, Leon C. King, Shantu Amin, Garret B. Nelson, and Linda D. Adams

Subjects
Cancer Research, Stereochemistry, Biology, Adduct, law.invention, chemistry.chemical_compound, Stereospecificity, Biochemistry, chemistry, law, Microsome, Recombinant DNA, Pyrene, Epoxide hydrolase, Molecular Biology, Carcinogen, DNA
Abstract

Dibenzo[a,l]pyrene (DB[a,l]P), an extremely potent environmental carcinogen, is metabolically activated in mammalian cells and microsomes through the fjord-region dihydrodiol, trans-DB[a,l]P-11, 12-diol, to syn- and anti-DB[a,l]P-11,12-diol-13,14-epoxides (syn- and anti-DB[a,l]PDEs). The role of seven individual recombinant human cytochrome P450s (1A1, 1A2, 1B1, 2B6, 2C9, 2E1, and 3A4) in the metabolic activation of DB[a,l]P and formation of DNA adducts was examined by using (32)P postlabeling, thin-layer chromatography, and high-pressure liquid chromatography. We found that, in the presence of epoxide hydrolase, only P450 1A1 and P450 1B1 catalyzed the formation of DB[a,l]PDE-DNA adducts and several unidentified polar adducts. Human P450 1A1 catalyzed the formation of DB[a, l]PDE-DNA adducts and unidentified polar adducts at rates threefold and 17-fold greater than did human P450 1B1 (256 fmol/h/nmol P450 versus 90 fmol/h/nmol P450 and 132 fmol/h/nmol P450 versus 8 fmol/h/nmol P450, respectively). P450 1A1 DNA adducts were derived from both anti- and syn-DB[a,l]PDE at rates of 73 fmol/h/nmol P450 and 51 fmol/h/nmol P450, respectively. P450 1B1 produced adducts derived from anti-DB[a,l]PDE at a rate of 82 fmol/h/nmol, whereas only a small number of adducts were derived from syn-DB[a,l]PDE (0.4 fmol/h/nmol). These results demonstrated the potential of human P450 1A1 and P450 1B1 to contribute to the metabolic activation and carcinogenicity of DB[a,l]P and provided additional evidence that human P450 1A1 and 1B1 differ in their stereospecific activation of DB[a,l]P. Mol. Carcinog. 26:74-82, 1999. Published 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Published
1999

29. Communicating Under Section 112(r) of the Clean Air Act Amendments

Author

Karen R. Chinander, Leon C. Schaller, and Patrick J. McNulty

Subjects
Engineering, Apprehension, business.industry, Community participation, ComputingMilieux_LEGALASPECTSOFCOMPUTING, Public relations, Environmental economics, Section (archaeology), Physiology (medical), Agency (sociology), medicine, Clean Air Act, medicine.symptom, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, business
Abstract

Regulations under Section 112(r) of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments require fixed facilities having threshold quantities of materials on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's list of regulated substances to disclose to the general public the expected offsite consequences of worst-case accidental chemical releases. This paper describes the communication practices of small firms in Delaware and New Jersey and the practical problems these facilities might encounter complying with the proposed rule. The paper reports an interesting difference between the apprehension voiced by small firms required to report worst-case release information and the public's apparent lack of interest in such information. Unlike the difficulty expected by small firms in calculating and communicating worst-case chemical release information, this paper includes some observations on the ability of large chemical firms to comply with the proposed requirements.

Published
1998

30. Impact of Hazardous Substances Regulations on Small Firms in Delaware and New Jersey

Author

Leon C. Schaller, Karen R. Chinander, and Patrick J. McNulty

Subjects
Engineering, Environmental protection, Hazardous waste, business.industry, Physiology (medical), Agency (sociology), Clean Air Act, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, business, Limited resources, Industrial organization
Abstract

Regulations under the 1990 Amendments to the Clean Air Act impose significant requirements on firms handling hazardous chemicals. The nature of the regulations would suggest that small firms, because of limited resources and other structural limitations, would experience more difficulty complying with the regulations than large firms. To understand the difficulties imposed by the regulations on small firms, we interviewed ten small firms in Delaware and New Jersey, states with existing hazardous regulations similar to those being considered by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and evaluated their responses to state regulations. The impacts of the environmental regulations on the firms and on the risk levels of their businesses are discussed. Propositions for research into small firms compliance are developed. Possible means for reducing the regulatory burden on small firms while enhancing regulatory effectiveness are suggested.

Published
1998

31. Modulation of 2,6-dinitrotoluene genotoxicity by alachlor treatment of Fischer 344 rats

Author

S. E. George, L. R. Brooks, Sarah H. Warren, B T Eischen, Michael J. Kohan, Leon C. King, and Joycelyn Allison

Subjects
Epidemiology, Chemistry, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Alachlor, Metabolism, Urine, medicine.disease_cause, Molecular biology, Ames test, Excretion, chemistry.chemical_compound, Biochemistry, Toxicity, medicine, Bioassay, Genetics (clinical), Genotoxicity
Abstract

Due to its widespread use as a preemergent herbicide, alachlor has been detected as a groundwater contaminant. The procarcinogen, 2,6-dinitrotoluene (DNT), a by-product of the munitions industry and a precursor to polyurethane production, is found in the manufacturing waste stream. This study explores the effect of alachlor treatment on the bioactivation of DNT by examining urine mutagenicity, intestinal enzymes, and hepatic DNA adducts to detect changes in metabolism. Five-week-old male rats were treated daily by gavage with 50 mg/kg of alachlor for up to 5 weeks while control animals received an equal volume of peanut oil. At 1, 3, and 5 weeks following the initial alachlor dose, animals were administered p.o. 75 mg/kg DNT or DMSO. Urine was collected for 24 hr in metabolism cages. Following incubation with sulfatase and beta-glucuronidase, urines were individually concentrated by C-18 solid phase extraction, dried under N2, and prepared for bioassay in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA98 with and without metabolic activation. Urine from peanut oil- and alachlor-treated rots was not mutagenic. Even though calf thymus DNA-alachlor adducts formed in vitro, no hepatic DNA adducts were detected in vivo in these two treatment groups. Interestingly, a significant increase in excretion of mutagenic urine from DNT-treated rats was observed following 3 weeks of alachlor treatment in the absence of S9 (690 +/- 130 vs. 339 +/- 28 revertants/ml) which corresponded to increased DNT-related hepatic DNA adduct formation (5.90 +/- 0.88 adducts/10(8) nucleotides vs. 10.56 x +/- 0.59 adducts/10(8) nucleotides [relative adduct level (RAL)]). Elevation in the production of mutagenic urine from control and treated animals was linked to increases in intestinal nitroreductase and beta-glucuronidase activities; however, the only significant alachlor-related effects were an increase in small intestinal 1-week beta-glucuronidase and 5-week dehydrochlorinase activities. The increased urine mutagenicity and hepatic DNA adduct formation indicates that alachlor has a transient effect on DNT bioactivation that apparently is unrelated to intestinal bioactivation.

Published
1998

32. Sodium Transport in a Mathematical Model of a Macula Densa Cell

Author

Aniel Nieves-Gonzalez, Mariano Marcano, Monica Nadal-Quiros, and Leon C. Moore

Subjects
medicine.anatomical_structure, Chemistry, Sodium, Cell, Genetics, medicine, Biophysics, Macula densa, chemistry.chemical_element, Molecular Biology, Biochemistry, Biotechnology
Published
2013

33. Does Migraine Preventive Medication Actually Reduce Resource Utilization?

Author

Randal L. Von Seggern, Karen E. Teague, James U. Adelman, and Leon C. Adelman

Subjects
Research design, medicine.medical_specialty, Sumatriptan, business.industry, Migraine Disorders, MEDLINE, medicine.disease, Serotonin Receptor Agonists, Neurology, Migraine, Research Design, Preventive medication, Health Resources, Humans, Medicine, Neurology (clinical), Medical emergency, business, Intensive care medicine, Resource utilization, medicine.drug
Published
2003

36. A mathematical model of the afferent arteriolar smooth muscle cell

Author

Leon C. Moore, Harold E. Layton, Jing Chen, and Anita T. Layton

Subjects
medicine.anatomical_structure, Smooth muscle, Afferent, Cell, cardiovascular system, Genetics, medicine, Anatomy, Molecular Biology, Biochemistry, Biotechnology
Abstract

We have developed a mathematical model of a rat afferent arteriolar smooth muscle cell. The model is based on a model for small vessels by Gonzalez-Fernandez & Ermentrout (Math Biosci 119:127, 1994...

Published
2010

38. Efficiency of sodium transport in the thick ascending limb

Author

Aniel Nieves-Gonzalez, Mariano Marcano, Chris Clausen, Leon C. Moore, Anita T. Layton, and Harold E. Layton

Subjects
Materials science, chemistry, Sodium, Radiochemistry, Genetics, chemistry.chemical_element, Molecular Biology, Biochemistry, Biotechnology
Published
2010

40. Telling them like it is: The role of economic and environmental factors in single mothers' discussions with their children

Author

Leon C. Wilson and Vonnie C. McLoyd

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Health (social science), Variables, Aid to Families with Dependent Children, Public health, media_common.quotation_subject, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Single mothers, Mental health, Developmental psychology, Health psychology, Social support, medicine, Psychology, Social psychology, Welfare, Applied Psychology, media_common
Abstract

Uses interview data from a sample of 155 single mothers of at least one child between the ages of 10 and 17 to assess the impact of financial strain and welfare status (Aid to Families with Dependent Children) on three areas of maternal functioning: (a) belief in the appropriateness of telling children about family problems, (b) disclosure of financial matters and personal worries to children, and (c) curbing of children's material consumption and social experiences as a strategy to ease financial strain. Also examined whether other environmental conditions (i.e., negative life events, social support), demographic factors, and mothers' mental health account for significant variation in these three outcomes once financial strain and welfare status are taken into account. Financial strain, but not welfare status, was a significant predictor of all three dependent variables. Age of child, number of children in the household who

Published
1992

41. Family Structure and Mental Health in Urban Guyana

Author

David R. Williams, Leon C. Wilson, and Kendra Wilkins

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Family structure, Psychological distress, General Medicine, Mental health, Social support, medicine, Psychiatry, business, Psychosocial, Socioeconomic status, Depressive symptoms, Clinical psychology
Abstract

While there is much descriptive information on the structural features of the Caribbean family, little data exists on mental health outcomes that may be associated with these structures. Using a sample of 654 adults from urban Guyana, this study explores the extent to which family structure is related to psychological distress. The analyses indicate that female heads of household report more depressive symptoms than women in simple nuclear settings. Sociodemographic and psychosocial factors are more consistently related to mental health than family structure.

Published
1992

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