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The article presents the archives collected by architectural historian Esther McCoy in the U.S. The papers contain a wide range of documents including research files, drafts, finished texts and working notes, photographs and slides. It also features the pictures of illuminated structures and designs developed by architect-engineer-contractor Felix Candela and architect Juan O'Gorman which is the snail-form tower of the entrance of house in Mexico. She donated her accumulated archives at the Archives of American Art.

The article presents an extensive analysis and discussion of the work of the 20th-century American artist Vija Celmins, particularly her lunar drawings. Details are given outlining the historical context and source material for the moon drawings, providing an overview of the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) campaign to document and showcase the American space exploration program. In-depth commentary is also given exploring the themes and techniques of Celmins' work, discussing themes of human-machine relationship and the technological medium of cameras.

Lists reports presented at the General Scientific Meetings of the Marine Biological Laboratory on August 14-16, 1995.

Part book and part toy, the 1905 "The House That Glue Built" gave young readers an opportunity to cut and paste paper objects into rooms found within the book's pages. Its Arts and Crafts design was a novel departure from other Glue Books at the turn of the twentieth century, and a sophisticated marketing agenda by publisher Frederick A. Stokes helped propel its success. This article examines "The House that Glue Built "as book, object, and toy and traces its evolution within the publishing world from concept to international best seller, becoming the cornerstone of the seventeen-volume Glue Series. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents a list of books for readers in the U.S. as of autumn 2003. 'Can One Live After Auschwitz? A Philosophical Reader,' by Theodor W. Adorno, translated by Rodney Livingstone, and edited by Rolf Tiedemann; 'Time Passing: Modernity and Nostalgia,' by Sylviane Agacinski, and translated by Jody Gladding; 'Teaching Literature: A Companion,' edited by Tanya Agathocleous and Ann C. Dean; 'Momus,' by Leon Battista Alberti, and translated by Sarah Knight.

Presents news briefs on the preservation of library materials in the U.S. as of May 1982. Issuance of the first publication of the National Preservation Program; Publication in paperback of the 3rd edition of George T. Eaton's "Photographic Chemistry in Black and White and Color Photography"; Production of a set of manuals on the preservation of paper and microfilm by the Nebraska State Historical Society.

A bibliography on the topic of social services is presented, which includes the books "America’s Poor and the Great Recession," by Kristin S. Seefeldt and John D. Graham, "Chinese Social Policy in a Time of Transition," edited by Douglas J. Besharov and Karen Baehler, and "Markets of Sorrow, Labors of Faith: New Orleans in the Wake of Katrina," by Vincanne Adams.

Comments on David Meltzer's paper, titled 'Hospitalists and the doctor-patient relationship'. Value equation and data regarding the hospitalist model; Impact of hospitalists on cost and quality; Potential disadvantages of the hospitalist model; Patient attitudes toward the hospitalist model of care.

The article offers news briefs. The William Gropper papers which are considered as the largest among the collections in William Gropper papers are included in the different papers that came to the Archives through the New York Office. Arnold Friedman's papers were also given to the Archives. The illustrated envelope and letter written by Alexander Calder to Andrew Gagarin is one of the added acquisitions of the Archives.

In 1947, the Cornell psychiatrist Keeve Brodman and a handful of colleagues began developing what would become one of the most widely used health questionnaires of its time—the Cornell Medical Index (CMI). A rigidly standardized form, the CMI presented 195 yes-no questions designed to capture the health status of "the total patient." Over the following decades, Brodman's project of standardizing medical history taking gradually evolved into a project of mathematizing and computerizing diagnosis: out of the CMI grew the Medical Data Screen (MDS), one of the first computerized methods of deriving diagnoses from patient data. This essay follows the life course of these tools through the second half of the twentieth century. It argues for a genealogy of biomedical computing and computerized diagnosis that takes more seriously the continuities between computer-based digital practices and paper-based analog ones. The computerized MDS evolved from, and rested upon, paper data practices associated with questionnaires and surveys. The interlocking histories of the CMI and the MDS prompt a reconsideration of the material and temporal parameters within which the history of computerized medicine has conventionally been understood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Women who promoted library services to children in the United States in the late nineteenth century introduced the systematic use of survey research on library practice to the field of professional librarianship. They created a series of qualitative survey-based reports, the Reading of the Young reports, which were presented at ALA conferences from 1882 to 1898. These reports both assessed the current state of and promoted the development of services to youth. The research model they developed was adopted by other women and men in librarianship for research on other aspects of the emerging field of public library service. The discourse of librarianship had been previously based on individual expertise, and their research model changed the field in two ways: first, by gathering empirical evidence about library practice, and second, by introducing a collaborative model of discourse. These findings about the influence of women during the early years of librarianship call for reexamination of historical explanations for feminization of the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Guide to the Collection of the University of Chicago Library provides some identifying information for every item which has been incorporated into the collection of written works by Henry C. Simons, and an attempt has been made to arrange all items in the collection in a manner so as to make them most accessible to the researcher. This article summarizes the contents of the collection. The correspondence is divided into files by name of the correspondent and numbered in alphabetical order . Because Simons' professional interests were so often pursued in the context of personal relationships and academic and social activities, no attempt was made to distinguish between personal and professional correspondence. The University Policy section includes a number of letters and memorandums surrounding a controversy over the University of Chicago faculty contracts. The Economics Department Section includes memos regarding specific faculty appointments, faculty politics and complaints as well as some comments on student work. The unpublished manuscript section contains a number of relatively short essays, memorandums and other miscellaneous writings by the economist in various stages of completion.

The article focuses on comments of some educators to the report "A Nation at Risk," issued by the National Commission Excellence in Education. The education system in the U.S. seems to be deteriorating. The report recommends to raise standards in educations by recruiting qualified teachers. It is felt by some educators that the report would be successful, if it generates public opinion against accepting mediocre education being provided in American schools.

The article reports on the publication of a series of pamphlets dealing with various aspects of economics education in the U.S. Two of the pamphlets are specifically designed for elementary grades. The first, "Men and Machines Work Together," tells how a class of second-grade pupils learned a great deal about men and machines. The second, "Transportation: Lifeline of America," relates the problems of transportation to specialization, interdependence and technological change.

The article presents information on African American scholars and the development of African studies programs in the United States in 1942 to 1960. It is inferred that African American scholars played a noticeable role in furthering the study of Africa in the U.S. before the World War II. It discusses the expansion of study programs by Black universities and philanthropic foundations after World War II. It explores the African studies program spearheaded by the Ford Foundation, St. Claire Drake and Roosevelt University.

We examine the relative performance of voting technologies by studying presidential, gubernatorial, and senatorial election returns across hundreds of counties in the United States from 1988 to 2000. Relying on a fixed-effects regression applied to an unbalanced panel of counties, we find that in presidential elections, traditional paper ballots produce the lowest rates of uncounted votes (i.e.,“residual votes”), followed by optically scanned ballots, mechanical lever machines, direct register electronic machines (DREs), and punch cards. In gubernatorial and senatorial races, paper, optical scan ballots, and DREs are significantly better in minimizing the residual vote rate than mechanical lever machines and punch cards. If all jurisdictions in the United States that used punch cards in 2000 had used optically scanned ballots instead, we estimate that approximately 500,000 more votes would have been attributed to presidential candidates nationwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers news briefs. Suspension was given to the Archives program review in the first quarter of 1984. The papers of Louis Demott Bunce, one of Portland's well-known painters, are highlighted by the volominous personal correspondence. The letter to Jackson Pollock is one of the most exciting composition of the Bunce papers.

The article reviews the bimonthly tabloid "Art Papers," edited by Glenn Harper. The tabloid covers all contemporary visual, performance, and multi-disciplinary arts in the Southeastern states. It features interviews with and articles about notable artists Jacques Derrida and Leroy Neiman. It offers practical information about managing a nonprofit arts organization and the state of art criticism in North Carolina.

The article presents information about several awards presented by the American Society of Naturalists. The President's award of the American Society of Naturalists is given to the best paper that appeared in the journal "American Naturalist" in the preceding calendar year. The Edward Osborne Wilson Naturalist Award was established in 1997 on the occasion of Professor Wilson's retirement in recognition of his lifetime of outstanding contributions in the areas of ecology and evolutionary biology, including the study of social insects, biodiversity, and biophilia. The Sewall Wright Award, which recognizes a senior-level active researcher for significant and continuing contributions to the objectives of the American Society of Naturalists, was awarded in 2005 to Robert E. Ricklefs. The Young Investigators' Prizes recognize outstanding and promising work by investigators who received their doctorates in the three years preceding the application deadline or are in their final year of graduate school. The prizes include presentation of a research paper at the annual meeting of the American Society of Naturalists, reimbursement for travel to the annual meeting, and a $500 honorarium.

Focuses on the controversy over dead cattle and other animals found in southeast Georgia during the spring of 1958. Mystery surrounding the unexplained deaths; Reluctance of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to fully engage in the controversy; Diversity of opinions about the unexplained deaths of the animals.

The article reports that the Archives of American Art research institute acquired the personal papers of West Coast educator, author, and painter Worth Allen Ryder, which include photographs and family letters. The correspondence with colleagues is related to Ryder's professional career as teacher of modern art in the University of California. Ryder exchanged love letters with his girlfriend and later wife Cornelia in which they express their dedication to art, their depth of relationship, and mutual respect. An excerpt is presented of Ryder's letter to University of California faculty member Erle Loran about the Exposition and Congress of Art Education in 1937.

The article focuses on changes to catalogues prepared for African art exhibitions. Such publications have served as guides to exhibitions in the 1970s and 1980s. A chronological examination of bibliographic citations in the journal of African art catalogue in the U.S. demonstrates the growing importance of the catalogues. The catalogue was considered as one of the significant forms for disseminating scholarly writing on African art.

In 1978, the evolutionary biologist Robert Trivers and Huey P. Newton, cofounder of the Black Panthers, began a collaboration exploring the evolution of self-deception. Together they published a brief paper that used their ideas about the naturalistic basis of deceit and self-deception to explain the crash of Air Florida Flight 90 in Washington, D.C. Given the continued power of the naturalistic fallacy in the modern life sciences, historical attention typically focuses on highly visible controversies with great popular traction. This essay instead mobilizes the muted legacy of Trivers and Newton's publication to underscore the inherent difficulties scientists face in finding a receptive audience for their theories, even naturalistic ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Grand Challenges for Social Work Initiative (GCSWI) reflects the power and potential of social work to accelerate social innovations and resolve major social problems. The complexity of these societal problemsmandates profession-wide entrepreneurial readiness to engage in transdisciplinary, interprofessional, and translational collaborations. The GCSWI galvanizes shifts in undergraduate, master's, doctoral, and early career supports to equip social work graduates at all levels to design, test, disseminate, and sustain innovative solutions. This paper describes the relevance of the GCSWI to professional education and suggests the collective-impact model as a heuristic for professional preparation to collaborate in grand challenge contexts. This paper also describes the pedagogical thinking underlying a T-shaped professional and the logic behind translational and innovation meta-competencies as pipeline connections across grand challenges, disciplinary partners, and stakeholder involvement. In addition, the paper illustrates meta-competencies preparation for practice that infuses an innovationmindset and skill readiness consonant with a collective-impact framework, and it illustrates application of meta-competencies within the Grand Challenge to Achieve Equal Opportunity and Justice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces a new approach to the empirical testing of the Lucas-Sargent-Wallace (LSW) "policy ineffectiveness proposition," which compares the LSW hypothesis with an alternative that states that prices respond fully in the long run, but only gradually in the short run, to nominal aggregate demand disturbances. The empirical equations, estimated for a new set of quarterly data extending back to 1890, exhibit uniformly high responses of real output and low responses of price changes to anticipated changes in nominal GNP. The paper compares and tests three alternative methods of introducing "persistence effects" into the LSW framework. This paper presents new empirical test of the LSW policy ineffectiveness proposition that introduce three major improvements on previous studies. First and most important, unlike earlier papers that tested the LSW proposition in isolation from any plausible alternative, this paper explicitly compares the LSW characterization of price and output behavior with the major competing hypothesis underlying conventional analyses of monetary policy, that prices adjust gradually to nominal demand changes whether anticipated or not. A single reduced-form equation for the inflation rate is developed in which the LSW and gradual-price-adjustment hypotheses appear as special cases, which allows coefficient estimates to distinguish the two. The second innovation here is a much expanded set of U.S. quarterly time-series data extending over the entire period between 1890 and 1980. Unlike previous studies that have been limited to 30 years of postwar quarterly data, the sample space here is extended to 90 years. The characterization of price and output behavior in more than 200 new quarterly data observations is of independent interest outside of the context of the LSW debate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Editorial. Focuses on the role of professional conferences in the American visual arts. Fixtures of modern professional life; Pressure to public academic papers; Acceptance of a conference topic or paper; Representation of the visual arts at the American Studies Association.

An introduction to the journal is presented in which the editor discusses various reports within the issue on topics including the deterioration of the U.S. fiscal outlook, the marginal labor income tax rate changes by skill and marital status, and tax incentives for education.

A bibliography on the topic of social sciences is presented which includes the books "Coming of Political Age: American Schools and the Civic Development of Immigrant Youth," by Rebecca M. Callahan and Chandra Muller, "Homeless: Poverty and Place in Urban America," by Ella Howard, and "Not Just Roommates: Cohabitation after the Sexual Revolution," by Elizabeth H. Pleck.

This paper provides an interpretation of the uncertainty that exists on election morning as to who will win. It is based on the theory that there are a number of possible conditions of nature that can exist on election day, of which one is drawn. Political betting markets provide a way of trying to estimate this uncertainty. This type of uncertainty is different from polling standard errors, which estimate sample-size uncertainty. This paper also introduces a ranking assumption concerning dependencies across U.S. states. The assumption does well when tested using data for the 2004 presidential election and the 2006 Senate election. It is shown that if the ranking assumption is correct, the two political parties should spend all their money on a few states, which seems consistent with their actual behavior in 2004. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effects of any important political decision are always to some degree uncertain. This uncertainty may be ameliorated by the collection of policy-relevant information. Predictably, if such information is biased, then political decisions based on that information will be biased as well. This paper explores the converse of this statement: if the policymaker is biased, will the information provided to him or her also be biased? It is shown in this paper that, in equilibrium, information provided to a sufficiently biased policymaker will inherit the policymaker's bias. Accordingly, the provision of biased policy-relevant information is not evidence of an attempt to produce biased policy decisions. The implications of the theory are examined within the context of modern administrative policymaking within the United States Federal Government. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focuses on archival materials documenting the professional career of Clarence Luther Forsling with the U.S. Forest Service and the Department of Interior and the Charles Lathrop Pack Forestry Foundation.

Analyzes papers of silver designer Charles Osborne, highlighting the importance of silver and silver designers in the U.S. during the nineteenth century. Silver production in the early nineteenth century; Life history of Osborne; Awards received by Osborne as silver designer.

Deals with a study which assessed the influence of corporate media owners over news content in the United States. Research on media ownership and news bias; Analysis of the loosening of restrictions on television ownership in the 1996 Telecommunications Act; Findings and conclusions.

Presents news briefs concerning the preservation of library materials in the U.S. as of April 1989. Highlights of the Paper Preservation Symposium of the Technical Association for the Pulp and Paper Industry; Appropriation received by the National Endowment for the Humanities Preservation Program; Exploration of the role of mid-sized libraries in the nationwide brittle book preservation program.

This paper investigates the effect of early twentieth-century state maximum-hours laws on the employment of women in manufacturing. Maximum-hours laws are found to have reduced not only women's hours of work in 1920 but their employment as well. Further, the effect was not uniform by race and nativity: While the employment of foreign-born women was significantly reduced--by as much as 30 percent in the most restrictive states--the employment of native white women was largely unaffected. This and other evidence adduced in the paper suggest that early support for maximum-hours legislation for women, especially by the emerging American labor movement, may have been motivated in part by the well-documented hostility to immigration during this period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper the issues raised in the turn-of-the-century American debate over the quantity theory of money are examined. J. Laurence Laughlin of Chicago, the leading antiquantity theorist, provoked the controversy with theoretical and empirical criticisms of the quantity theory, while Irving Fisher emerged as the chief defender of the monetary orthodoxy. Laughlin argued that issues of convertible paper money would not raise prices or the money supply but would instead lead to losses of monetary gold. His position was regarded as incompatible with the classical neutrality-of-money theorem. To identify the fundamental sources of disagreement between Laughlin and the quantity theorists, the neutrality-of-money proposition is decomposed into two components: the neutrality proposition per se and the assumed causal role of money. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the effects of alternative regulatory treatments of the investment tax credit on utility rates, tax payments, cash flow, and rate of return in the public utility industry, both with regard to a single asset and to a growing firm. The paper contends that a type of normalization which is not presently allowed in the U.S. tax code can provide appropriate rate reductions to customers and cash flow benefits to utilities but would avoid providing a rate of return higher than that intended by the regulatory authority. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 12 Grand Challenges for Social Work make clear the need for a broad new approach for social work to solve complex contemporary social problems. The grand challenges likewise highlight the importance of developing and coordinating a plan to prepare the next generations of social work scholars for high-impact careers that contribute to the identification and implementation of solutions. This paper provides an overview of contemporary trends affecting the scientific enterprise in which our current and emerging scholars operate and within which strong practice, policy, and community-engaged research partnerships must be forged and sustained. We discuss modes of successful transdisciplinary team and translational science and how we expect these new scientific approaches to advance the Grand Challenges for Social Work. We identify the major challenges entailed in this ambitious agenda and highlight strategies for successfully conducting coordinated team science that spans disciplines and extends across the entire translational continuum. We outline a series of skills and competencies needed to conduct transdisciplinary team science across the translational continuum, and we offer potential education and training strategies to enhance the transdisciplinary team science and translational capacity of social work research. We conclude with perspectives on how to unite social work visions and organizational capacities to support our transdisciplinary team and translational science efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, the author looks back at the Forward Exhibition of American modernist art held in May 1917 in the Lower East Side neighborhood of New York City. More specifically, the author examines the role played by the exhibition's organizer, the People's Art Guild, in its attempt to bring the latest art movements to working-class immigrants. A brief history of the guild, which was founded by the educator and art critic John Weichsel in 1915, is presented. The author argues that Weichsel and the People's Art Guild not only sought to bring modern art to the people but also attempted to revolutionize the relationship between artists and the public.