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It is important to improve dynamic performance of rotating machinery by reducing the mass of shaft and increasing the natural frequency. Many studies have focused on dynamic characteristics of shaft in rotating machinery with the utilization of composite material. This paper mainly investigates the structural design and dynamic analysis of a CFRP/Metal hybrid shaft. The finite element method (FEM) has been used to determine the selection of design variables include fiber orientation angle, layers stacking sequence and layers thickness. Also, experimental test was carried out using a FFT analyzer with impact hammers. The differences between the FEM analysis result and the experiment test result were respectively less than 4.5% and 6.3% for the first two natural frequencies; therefore, the results of FEM analysis are acceptable. The results reveal that the fiber orientation angle is the most significant factor affecting the dynamic characteristics of CFRP/Metal hybrid shaft. In addition, there have some effect of the layer stacking sequence on natural frequency.

The stress corrosion cracking (SCC) sensitivity of aged Z3CN20.09M stainless steel (SS) was investigated by scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM), nanoindenter and slow strain rate tensiometer (SSRT). The results indicated that the hardness and modulus of the samples increased with increasing aging time at 475 °C, which increased about 80% and 15% respectively after aging for 1000h. After immersed in NaCl+HCl solution (pH=2) for 7 h, the pitting corrosion point appeared of specimen aged for 1000h. While it was not found even for 24 h of as-received (AR) and aged for 500 h specimens at the same condition. The SCC sensitivity was increased about one time of the specimen aged for 1000 h tested in 300 °C high temperature water. The combined effect associated the embrittlement of mechanical properties and the decrease of corrosion resistance is regarded as the main reason for the increasing of SCC sensitivity.

Shipping damage is one of the key problems of photovoltaic (PV) failures in the field. In addition, the detailed documents and industry standards are necessary, to avoid cell breakages or cracks during transportation. Therefore, ITRI coordinated some TFs to set up a series of experiments on the performance evaluation for PV-cell and PV-module caused by transportation and shipping. This work aims to standardize the test method for performance criteria of PV-cell and PV-module for transportation, and evaluates a guideline and risk analysis for shipped package of PV product to meet the relevant reliability concerns in a long-term perspective. PV products are shipped not only in a fab by forklift trucks or handling, but also transported outside a fab by shipping vehicles such as truck, train, aircraft and shipboard. Consequently, results were applied to SEMI Doc. 5431 and released as SEMI PV56 [1] by voting in 2014. PV product’s makers and buyers, or any other party interested like package designers, can thus have a common testing standard to refer to when desired.

This work aims to analysis the SEMI PV standards developed in Taiwan during 2009 to 2014. The major technical committee (TC) and task force (TF) include Photovoltaic Technical Committee (2009), Photovoltaic Module Vibration TF (2010), Photovoltaic Cell Vibration TF (2011), Package Performance TF (2012), OPV and DSSC TF (2013), BIPV TF (2013) and Reliability TF (2014). ITRI coordinated these TFs to set up a series of experiments and discussions, which focused on the performance evaluation for PV cell, module and materials. The TFs have developed four standards include SEMI PV23 (2011), SEMI PV38 (2012), SEMI PV56 (2014) and SEMI PV57 (2014). Through these standardizations, some specific test methods and test flows were completed to evaluate the reliability for both c-Si and organic/inorganic PV products, which are helpful to improve the performances of cell and module, and propose the common testing guidelines for PV industry to refer to when desired.

The major differences between dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) and p-n junction solar cells are spectrum absorption range, photoelectric conversion response time and standard test condition (STC). The operation principle of DSSC is using layers of organic molecules subject to lighting after excitation electronic then pass to the inorganic/organic layer of the wide energy gap nanolayer and voltage. Therefore, characterizations of DSSC are important in order to clarify how to determine its performance accurately. Such measurement requires considering the different level lighting on each very slow temporal response (hysteresis and transient) in its current-voltage (I-V) curves, which are dependent on the voltage sweep direction, even when the sweep time is the order of seconds. This paper presents a new test method for determining I-V performance of DSSC, which differs with IEC 60904-1 addressed on single and multi-junction samples. Results were applied to SEMI Doc. 5597 and released as SEMI PV57 by voting in 2014. Consequently, emerging photovoltaic device makers and buyers, or any other party interested, can thus have a common testing standard to refer to when desired.

With increasing applications in consumer electronics such as smart phones, laptops and tablet PCs, the need for pervasive computing with a requirement of lower power consumption is increasing every day. This opens the door for energy harvesting that could charge the batteries in these devices to keep them continually functioning in some useful state. There has been a lot of attention on flexible thin film solar cells, such as dye sensitized (DSC), organic and inorganic, given their low-cost and improving efficiency. Performance characterization DSC has been investigated, in order to clarify how to determine their performance accurately. Accurate characterization of DSC requires level lighting consideration on each very slow temporal response in the I-V curves of the DSC are clearly dependent on the voltage sweep direction, even when the sweep time is the order of seconds. Furthermore, the temporal response is dependent on different level lighting consideration. This analysis showed to improve accuracy, measurement should be real time removing capacitance effect with a Real-Time One-Sweep Method (RTOSM). Additionally, RTOSM will be useful to measuring cell performance more accurately and rapidly when evaluating solar cell performance.

This study investigated the use of sintered Nickel powder as the wick material of Loop heat pipe with flat evaporator (Flat loop heat pipe, FLHP) and its effect on the heat transfer performance. Add the 1-heptanol into water and form Self-rewetting Fluid (SRF), resulting in the Marangoni effect. The colder liquid can be transport to the heating surface, delaying the occurrence of dry-out and increasing the critical heat load. This paper use Surface tension measurements to measure the change of 1-heptanol SRF, then it was apply to nickel wick FLHP as working fluid to investigate its effect on the heat transfer performance. This study successfully established production process of Nickel wick structure. Results of wick structure for the effective pore radius of 2.6 μm, porosity of 62%, permeability of 5.7 × 10-13m2. Results of Surface tension measurements show that 1-heptanol aqueous solution’s surface tension increases with increasing temperature, Results from applying 0.1% 1-heptanol aqueous solution to FLHP as working fluid. For performance testing show that the critical heat load was 240 W and the total thermal resistance was 0.77 ° C/W. Compared with FLHP with pure water, SRF raised the maximum heat flux of 70%, the total thermal resistance of the system reduces 40%, SRF has the potential to enhance the heat transfer performance of FLHP.

Liquid crystal (LC) polymer, composited with inorganic filler, has a broad application prospect in electronic and electrical industry. In this research, permittivity (εr) and dielectric loss tangent (tanδ) of LC composites under different temperatures and frequencies were investigated, and activation energies were calculated and analyzed. At low temperatures and high frequencies, LC composites exhibited well dielectric properties. εr changed a little (3.6~4.0) in temperature range of-60°C~160°C when frequency was higher than 10Hz, but increased sharply when temperatures was higher than 100°C and frequency was lower 10Hz. The tanδ increased sharply with increasing temperature when temperatures was higher than 100°C and frequency was lower than 102Hz, and when frequency was above 102Hz, the value of tanδ changed gently (10-3~10-2). The peak of tanδ would translate to higher frequencies direction with increasing temperature in tanδ-frequency curve, and to higher temperatures direction with increasing frequency in tanδ-temperature curve. Activation energy is calculated by fitting the peak of the imaginary of the electric modulus, and activation energy is 0.43eV in low temperature and 1.59eV in high temperature.

Artificial heart pump (referred to as blood pump) has become an essential means to save patients with heart failure. The pump head, the flow shear stress, blood cell flow path have a close relationship with hemodynamic characteristics. And the flow channel gap is one of the main structural parameters of the blood pump that affects the flow characteristics. For an axial flow maglev blood pump, based on CFD, using k-ε model, unstructured mesh, establishing the whole flow channel model, a three-dimensional numerical simulation of axial flow maglev blood pump was carried. The relationship between the port clearance ratio and the pump head, the flow shear stress, blood cell flow path was explored. Simulation results show that: the port clearance ratio δ=0.75, the flow channel gap h = 2.5mm, blade height b = 1.8mm, the optimal performance was attained. The pump head reached 120mmHg, the maximum shear force was less than 450Pa, both meet the functional requirements and reduce the blood damage. This results provide an important basis for structure design of axial flow maglev blood pump.

Nuclear grade 316LN austenitic stainless steel (ASS) with an exceptional combination of mechanical properties and corrosion resistance was used to produce AP1000 primary coolant pipe. In order to evaluate the microstructure evolution of the pipe during its forging process, the material database of the 316LN ASS is established with high integrity and reliability. In this paper, the thermal physical parameters, flow stress-strain data and the recrystallization kinetic equations of the 316LN steel are coupled, and the material database is systematically established. Most important, the reliability of the database is verified by an experiment.

Grain boundary engineering (GBE) was carried out on 316L austenitic stainless steel with Thermo-mechanical processing (TMP), which was performed by unidirectional compression and subsequent annealing. The effect of TMP parameters including the strain and annealing time on grain boundary character distribution (GBCD) and the corresponding mechanism was investigated in the study. The results showed that high fraction of low-Σ coincident-site lattice (CSL) grain boundaries (about 55%) associating with interrupted network of random boundaries was obtained through TMP of 5% cold compression followed by annealing at 1000 °C for 45 min. The fraction of low-Σ boundaries increased with increasing the annealing time under all the experiment strain, but the mechanisms were different between the low and medium above levels of strain. Grains rotation and reaction of migratory boundaries might be the reasons of low-Σ boundaries growth in the strain of 5% and in the strain greater than or equal to 10%, respectively.

This study investigates the application of PTFE wicks to flat-plate loop heat pipes (FLHPs). PTFE’s low heat transfer coefficient effectively prevents heat-leakage, which is a problem with using metal wicks, lowering the operating temperature and pressure. This paper uses PTFE particles to form wicks, and the effect of PTFE on flat-plate LHP performance is investigated. Experimental results shows that the highest heat load reached was 100W, with lowest thermal resistance of 0.61°C/W, and heat flux of about 10W/cm2, For the wick properties, the wick had an effective pore radius of the wick was around 9.2μm, porosity of 47%, and permeability of 1.0 x 10-12m2. Compared to the highest heat flux reported in literature thus far for PTFE flat-plate LHPs, the heat flux in this study was enhanced by around 50%.

In this study, surface modification of stainless steel flat plates was performed using nanoscale bilayers assembly method to increase the surface’s hydrophilicity and enhance evaporation. Thin layers of SiO2 nanoparticles layered onto the stainless steel surfaces were used to modify their surface properties, and the relationship between the number of layers (0~20) and water’s hydrophilicity (surface tension) was investigated. The effects of modification on evaporation were then tested using de-ionized water. According to experimental results, surface modification was able to reduce the contact angle of water on stainless steel flat plate from the unmodified 87o to 7o at 18 layers, significantly increasing the hydrophilicity of the surface. Evaporation experiments show that the evaporation heat transfer enhancement for droplets on stainless steel plates is at least 300%.Keywords: bilayers assembly, hydrophilicity, surface modification, evaporation performance

Through the cultivation of two polymer-producing strains of WP1, SP1, determined the suitable growth temperature of bacteria, followed by fermented, we research the growth of the strains and metabolite changes on viscosity and pH values. Results show that at 80 r/min, 120 r/min training conditions, viscosity of strain WP1 is all more than 100mPa•s, the strains of experimental works better than SP1. Therefore, selected strain WP1 identified as strains of microorganisms in thick oilfield combination flooding produced polymers, this strain is identified at last.

A series of hepatic hydroxyl functional cholesterylated hepatic targeting liposome ligands T1-T6 were synthesized. Cholesterol as starting material, after esterification with p-toluenesulfonyl chloride to get cholesterol tosylate, then etherification with oligo ethylene ethanol (n=1-3) to get hydroxyl functional cholesterylated compounds T1-T3, T1-T3 were elongated by reaction with protected diethylene glycol and deprotected in acid condition to get T4-T6 . The target compounds affords cholesterylated hepatic targeting liposome ligands.

A series of hepatic amino functional cholesterylated hepatic targeting liposome ligands L1-L6 were synthesized. Cholesterol as starting material, after esterification with p-toluenesulfonyl chloride to get cholesterol tosylate, then etherification with oligo ethylene ethanol (n=1-3) to get amino functional cholesterylated compounds T1-T3, T1-T3 were elongated by reaction with protected diethylene glycol and deprotected in acid condition to get T4-T6 . L1-L6 were mesylated and replaced by azido group, then hydrogenanted by hydrogen to get L1-L6.The target compounds affords cholesterylated hepatic targeting liposome ligands.

Based on graphic program language LabVIEW and Micro Control Unit MSP430F169, an intelligent electrical resistivity measurement system with four-point probe and four-line was studied in this paper. Structured Query Language of LabVIEW was applied for calibration and management in database. Hardware feedback and software compensation technologies were designed in high-precision current source, whose range was automatic selected in auto-mode. Between the computer program and hardware control unit controlled by MCU, a RS-232 data communication protocol was applied in order to improve the ability of human-machine interaction and automation degree. Experiment results in semiconductor and metal material science indicated that the measurement system measured accurately and automotive, the information database of the tested material was the foundation of data analyzing and data mining.

Measuring the influence of academic research publication is an meaningful work in academe. In this paper, the co-author and the citation networks are built to calculate the influence of a researcher and a paper in the way of networks separately with the discussion of further applications. At the beginning, the co-author network is built to determine the influence of co-authors. Then, based on the citations among the papers in the database, we build up the citation network with the help of graph theory. Thirdly, the method is implemented with the application of American Airline network analysis. As the final, the analysis of strengths and weaknesses is conducted.

A carboxyl functional cholesterylated compound for hepatic targeting liposome ligand T1 was synthesized. Cholesterol as starting material, after esterification with p-toluenesulfonyl chloride to get cholesterol tosylate M4, then etherification with tetraethylene glycol to get hydroxyl functional M3, M3 react react with methanesulfonyl chloride to get M2, M2 was elongated by reaction with PEG2000 to get M1 and M1 react with succine anhydride get T1. The target compounds afford cholesterylated hepatic targeting liposome ligands.

The seabed terrain navigation is an important part of underwater navigation system. With the aid of the seafloor topography, the underwater navigation system can greatly reduce the positioning error, and improve the navigation accuracy. However, the traditional TERCOM algorithm is not perfect, especially when the terrain entropy is relatively high. This paper will adopt the way of dynamic elevation sequence to avoid inaccurate positioning reasonably, at the same time it can improve the positioning performance of the algorithm.

This paper specifically addresses the effect of changing the constant temperature region of the sintering temperature curve in manufacturing nickel powder capillary structure (wick) on the performance of a flat loop heat pipe (FLHP). The sintering temperature curve is composed of three regions: a region of increasing temperature, a region of constant temperature, and a region of decreasing temperature, with the sintering time and temperature in the region of constant temperature having significant effect on the permeability of the wick. In this study, for wick manufacturing the temperatures in this region tested range from 550°C to 650°C and the time from 30 minutes to 60 minutes. The properties and internal parameters of the wick are measured, and the wick is placed into FLHP for performance testing. Experimental results show that at sintering temperature of 550°C and lasting about 45 minutes, maximum heat load is 200W, minimum thermal resistance is 0.32°C/W, permeability is , porosity is 66%, effective porosity is 3.8and heat flux is around 21W/cm2; related literatures have only reported maximum heat load increase of 25%.

The control and regulation of SOx emissions have become a global urgent problem for the environment protection. In the field of ocean and marine engineering, The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has formally passed the amendment of MARPOL 73/78 Annex VI in 2008 that clarified the deadline of requirements on SOx emissions limit. A limitation of 3.5 %mm is strictly requested during 2012 to 2020. Hence the SOx emissions of marine diesel engines faces unprecedented challenges while effective control and regulation systems on the SOx emissions reduction are scarce in the existing ships. To meet the IMO's requirements, this paper has presented a novel seawater exhaust gas cleaning (EGC) system for the SOx emissions reduction of marine diesel engines. The post-combustion desulfurization technology was employed in the EGC system. The carbon ion and hydrogen ion contained in the seawater have been introduced into the EGC system to participant the reaction of desulfurization. The seawater EGC system has already been established in a real ship. Experiments have been carried out with the established seawater EGC system to comparatively analyze SOX emissions characteristics when burning different oil types, including heavy oil and light oil. The experiment results show that the newly established seawater EGC system can achieve satisfactory performance with a desulfurization efficiency of 88%. More important, the standard of the SOX emission limitation set by IMO has been met by using the proposed EGC system.

To reduce the energy consumption and blood damage of a centrifugal blood pump, this paper uses a permanent magnet bearing and blood flow pressure bearing to support blood pump impeller, design a magnetic fluid suspension centrifugal blood pump, three-dimensional numerical simulation of a magnetic fluid suspension centrifugal blood pump internal flow field, achieve the pressure of the blood pump flow channel and the velocity distribution, get the relationship between blood pressure and flow rate of the pump. The results can provide a theoretical basis for centrifugal blood pump design and improvement.

This study develops a low dropout regulator linear regulator, characterized by a high power supply rejection ratio using ultra-low output resistance buffer and two-stage error amplifiers. The high power supply rejection is based on a closed-loop LDO regulator. The ultra-low output resistance buffer achieves ultra-low output impedance with dual shunt feedback loops, subsequently improving load and line regulations, as well as the transient response for low voltage applications. The proposed LDO regulator linear regulator functions under an input voltage of 1.8~3V, and the output voltage can be maintained at around 1.27V. Moreover, its output voltage is independent of input voltage. The proposed regulator is applicable to light-emitting diode driver integrated circuits. The layout chip area of the LDO linear regulator is 21.5μm × 42.6μm.

This paper specifically addresses the effect of the sintering temperature curve in manufacturing nickel powder capillary structure (wick) for a loop heat pipe (LHP) with flat evaporator. The sintering temperature curve is composed of three regions: a region of increasing temperature, a region of constant temperature, and a region of decreasing temperature. The most important region is the increasing temperature region, as the rate of temperature increase directly affects the performance of the wick.When the slope of the region of increasing temperature is 0.8 (equivalent to 8OC/min), the structure of the manufactured wick is complete, with the best heat transfer performance result. Experimental resultsshowed that the optimal heat transfer performance is 160W, the minimal total thermal resistance is approximately 0.43OC/W, and the heat flux is 17W/cm2; the optimal wick manufactured has an effective pore radius of 5.2 μm, a permeability of 5.9×10-13m2, and a porosity of 64%.

Power amplifier is an important part of maglev control system and it may need lots of time and manpower at regulating PI parameters. To solve this problem, an equivalent model was proposed to simplify the parameter adjustment. In this paper, firstly, mathematical model of the power amplifier was proposed and the Simulink model was built in Matlab software. Then the experimental platform was established and dynamic properties of the power amplifier were studied by simulation and experiment. The results show that the overshoot and rise time of experiment and simulation results matches well and the error of cut-off frequency is less than 10%. Therefore, it has instructional significance for parameters design.

With China's economic and social development, the negative impact of consumption on the environment is increasing. High consumption, excessive consumption phenomenon has led to increasingly serious environmental pollution and ecological destruction. Based on the idea of “two-oriented society", this paper advocates the harmonious coexistence between man and nature, build an environment-friendly consumption patterns with people-oriented, harmonious, fair, moderate, scientific and other characteristics in order to change the traditional consumption mode, guide consumption.

An arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) multiplexer with flat spectral response has been designed and fabricated by using FPE polymer materials. Experimental results show that the central wavelength is 1550.86 nm, and 3-dB bandwidth is about 0.478 nm, insertion loss is 10.5 dB. Simulated results show that fabrication processing result in the shift of the transmission spectrum compared with the device theoretically designed. Furthermore, the transmission characteristics are discussed, and some efficient ways are reported.

The negative impact of consumption on the ecological environment has long been ignored, However, environmental problems whether caused by population growth, technological progress or production development are closely related to the consumption. This paper argues that the improper consumption patterns driven by consumption desire, are the deep reasons of the resource crisis and environmental degradation, On this basis, this paper expounds the consumption causes of environmental problems.

In this paper, a genetic algorithm is used has been a new method of total amount control of atmospheric pollution. The global search optimization genetic algorithm with adaptive characteristics, from the point of control the concentration distribution of source density, the source intensity distribution satisfies the requirement of the root of the total amount control. The implementation of the method is: will emissions of various pollution sources in the area of coding of chromosome, genome group according to the biological evolution regularity in the evolution of the simulation environment of natural selection, after the evolution of several generations, finally to get the best the best individual represents the intensity distribution of the source. The research results show that this method is effective and feasible.

Single event transient of a PMOS using strained Silicon-Germanium in a sub-100nm bulk process is studied by 3D TCAD simulation. The impact of bias voltage, temperature, LET, and struck position on SET is considered. Our simulation results demonstrate that bias voltage in the range 0.8 to 1.2V greatly influence the amplitude of SET current. Temperature has a stronger influence on a SiGe channel PMOS than a Si-channel PMOS. Both SET current duration and total collection charge increase as LET increases, and SET current duration and total collection of a SiGe channel PMOS are larger than that of Si channel PMOS. These simulation results are beneficial to the space application of SiGe circuits.

Customer reactions to products are an important way to explore trends in new product development. The reputation of a brand represents the perceived corporate image that is held by its ultimate customers. Complaints from the ultimate customers to brands are messages that can be used to obtain their true demands with regard to products. Therefore, this research depicts the mental simulation of customer cognition for brands and creates a product positioning model based on cognitive psychology and the theory of reflexivity. The perceptual factors as a pioneering examination used to analyze customer complaints, include appearance, function, and cosmetic elements, are used for the measurement of the trend of future product positioning.

Based on the experimental and calculation results between the reinforcing particles content and thermal physical parameters, low pressure die casting of wheels was taken as an example to study the casting property of the 7075 alloy and TiB2/7075 composites. The influences of die temperature, pouring pressure, pouring temperature and TiB2 content on the filling of 7075 alloy and TiB2/7075 composites wheels are studied by numerical simulation. Shrinkage porosity appears both in the spoke and rim of the wheel. The shrinkage porosity of the 7075 alloy decreases from 2.089% to 1.622% with mold temperature increasing from 100°C to 400°C. The shrinkage porosity of wheel decreases from 1.630% to 1.598% and 1.583% in the composite with 3 and 6wt.% TiB2 particles. Besides, shrinkage porosities decrease with increasing pouring temperature.

nanoTiO2 has many excellent properties, showing increasingly broad application prospects, the application of nanometer titanium dioxide research thus became one of the hot spot of research. Mainly in the field of chemical, water treatment field, environmental protection, electrode and nanoTiO2 solar cell areas, the application of the research were summarized, the shortage of the current in the research are pointed out, looks forward to the main research direction in the future.

Software Reliability Growth Models (SRGMs) provide techniques to predict future failure behavior from known characteristics of the software testing work. However, in some cases, software developers did not have sufficient historical data to estimate the corresponding reliability and the expected testing cost, especially for a newly developed software project, and thus the results obtained from analytical models may not be reliable. In such situations, Bayesian analysis is a reasonable approach to additionally take expert's opinions into account for better decision making. In this paper, we utilized Yamada Delayed S-shaped Model with Bayesian analysis in predicting software reliability and expected testing costs to determine an optimal release time for software systems. Besides, the failure process of software are assumed to be drawn from a non-homogeneous Poisson process (NHPP), and the parameters of the proposed model are assumed to be mutually independent and Gamma distributed. Finally, a numerical example is given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach, and the sensitive and risk analyses are performed in light of the numerical example.

From the status and future of international terrorism, this paper points out that Chemical, Biological and Radiological (CBR) terrorism attacks have posed severe threat to building environment security. This paper pointed the emergency disposal approaches when public buildings with central air-conditioning were attacked by CBR terrorism. The air-conditioning systems, air volume, air pressure adjustment, the choice of fans and duct size have been discussed. Furthermore, how to use the fire smoke control system to ensure building environment security and the corresponding countermeasures has been analysis.

In this study, nano-titanium films of different thickness were deposited. By adjusting it is found that when the thickness of the titanium films was in the nano-scale, the electric resistivity of the titanium films decreased. Furthermore, the deposited titanium was transformed into titanium oxide by maintain an oxygen atmosphere and using a rapid annealing furnace during sputtering. When oxidized nano titanium film is sputtered on a low-electric-resistive metal thin film, the photo-electronic properties of Nano-thin film will be enhanced.

Si-based photonic crystal device such as solar cells have been developed and attract lots of attention. Whether what kind of different structures are used, two key problems are needed to investigate. One is the improvement of the optic-electric (or electric-optic) transformation efficiency. Another is the capability to modulate the light-emitting and detection wavelength for various industrial applications. The wavelength of the light emission and detection can also be further adjusted by changing the material band-gap. In this work, we develop the periodic nanoscale surface textured solar cells. The characteristics of top thin film textured solar cells is developed and estimated to see if the structure is worthy to be scaled from the modern micrometer (um) level down to the nanometer (nm) level continuously. The process of nm-scale textured Si optoelectronic device used in this work is fully comparable to the modern CMOS industry. Optimal Ge concentration in SiGe-based solar cells has been investigated qualitatively by the systemic experiments. With the appropriate addition of Ge to a SiGe-based solar cell, the short current density (Isc) is successfully increased without affecting the open-circuit voltage (Voc) and then the overall efficiency is successfully improved about 4 % than the nanoscale surface textured Si solar cell.

Nano material is a new type of multi-functional materials, this article simply introduces the development present situation, performance and preparation method, and application in the aerospace field.

The carbon nanotubes with its stable structure, excellent mechanical properties, become the ideal enhancement phase of composite materials. The enhancement effect is affected by various factors, interface is one of the key factors determine its enhancement effect, also is the research focus of metal matrix composites. Briefly introduced carbon nanotubes reinforced aluminum matrix (CNTs/Al) composite material interface bonding mechanism and interface effect on the properties of composite materials, thermal expansion coefficient and preparation methods were reviewed, purity of carbon nanotubes and other factors impact on CNTs/Alcomposites interface, and puts forward the way to improve interface.

Microbial fuel cells, also known as biological fuel cells, use bacteria to convert biodegradable materials such as wastewater pollutants into electricity. However, limited studies revealed the high bioelectricity generation using a mediator-less MFC. This study isolated an exoelectrogen E. faecium YC 201, inoculated to a mediator-less MFC and obtained a high power density. Results show that the power generation reached a maximum of 121.3 ± 4.2 mW/m2 that was higher than those of other similar MFCs reported in the past literature. Substrate types significantly affected electricity generation and the optimal substrate for electricity generation was glucose. The riboflavin was identified as possible mediator for the mediator-less MFC that was self-excreted by E. faecium YC 201. To our knowledge, this is the first time to clearly reveal the electricity characteristics of exoelectrogen E. faecium YC 210.

A three dimensional model of connecting rod has been made and drawn meshes. The load and boundary conditions were determined and the stress was calculated with finite element software. Safety of connecting rod was discussed using the safe coefficient. The rod made of powder forging is better in mechanical and technological properties.

Lacking internal logistics process analysis and design in the logistics park planning has a certain influence on the park construction and post-development. Given this, this paper proposed general design principles of internal logistics processes of the logistics park and whereby internal logistics processes designed with the combination of ideas of IOT to the information flow, which can significantly enhance the overall service level of the logistics park.

nanotechnology is reviewed in the textile antibacterial deodorant, anti-static, anti-ultraviolet, fade from clean, anti-aging, high wear resistance, high temperature resistant flame retardant, stealth, bionic biodegradable. The latest research progress of Expounds the application of nanometer materials in textile industry, points out that nanotechnology to develop new functional fabrics, enlarge the range of high added value textiles is of great significance

Four bacterias were separation and purification from oil well produced water of Daqing 9 factory, optimizing two degrading bacterias 17# and 7#. Through fermentation cultivation, observing their growth and metabolism laws and the viscosity of crude oil before and after the action. Results showed that the strains 7# and 17# of thick oil degradation rate were 84.9%, 73.9% respectively. Through the experiment contrasts, give the crude oil composition changes and chromatogram of the strains 7# before and after the action. Finally, choose strains 7# as thick oil-degrading bacteria for industrial fermentation.

This study investigated the use of nanoscale bilayers assembly for hydrophobic surface modification on stainless steel plate and its effect on condensation. This study first performed nanoscale bilayers assembly method, with the addition of a fluorosilane treatment using chemical vapor deposition (CVD), to modify the surface structure and thereby the wettability of the surface at 15, 20, and 30 bilayers. Experimental results showed 15 bilayers to be the optimal number of bilayers among the samples tested, resulting in the largest contact angle of 150° (compared to 70° on unmodified surface), corresponding to the highest surface hydrophilicity; however, beyond 15 bilayers there seems to be no significant changes or improvements to hydrophobicity. Visualization of the condensation process also indicated later formation of film condensation on superhydrophobic (15 bilayers) surface, and by tilting the condensation surfaces at 90°, the self-cleaning property of the superhydrophobic surface allows water droplets to roll off the surface due to gravity before formation of film condensation, while large water droplets still remain stuck on unmodified surface. Therefore, by allowing the condensation process on the superhydrophobic surface to continuously cycle back to droplet condensation, there is great potential for condensation enhancement on superhydrophobically modified surface.

Fays formulae of oil spreading in open calm sea are widely quoted in relevant literatures. According to Fays model, the spread of oil slick on water surface can be divided into three different stages, i.e., gravity-inertia stage, gravity-viscous stage and surface tension-viscous stage. Through the analysis of Fays formulae by numerical example, an implied feature of oil spill is revealed that when the oil spill volume is lower than a certain amount, the second stage of oil spreading might not exist. Meanwhile, the numerical example shows that the length of spreading time of oil slick at each stage depends strongly on the oil spill volume.

In order to improve the detecting efficiency of the Hall vehicle speed sensor, an improved detection system was presented in this paper. This system was consists of five parts of system manager, A/D converter, D/A converter, voltage comparator, and a high-speed programmable counter array. The quality of Hall vehicle speed sensor online was evaluated, and the statistical result was graphically displayed by PC. Compared with the synchronous detection of digital storage oscilloscope, it is shown that the detecting accuracy of the system can then meet the requirements of industrial production, and will be suitable for mass production.

This study investigated the use of nanoscale bilayers assembly for hydrophilic surface modification on stainless steel plate. This study first performed nanoscale bilayers assembly method, with the addition of top layer coatings for durability purposes, to modify the surface structure and thereby the hydrophilicity of the surface at 15, 17, 20, 23, and 25 bilayers. The relationship between the number of bilayers and the resulting contact angle was then empirically established. Results showed 17 bilayers to be the optimal number of bilayers among the samples tested, resulting in the smallest contact angle of 11° (compared to 70° on unmodified surface), corresponding to the highest surface wettability and hydrophilicity. From 0 to 17 bilayers, the contact angle seems to decrease linearly with the number of bilayers. Beyond 17 bilayers, at 20, 23, 25, and 30 bilayers, the samples showed no significant improvements in contact angle or hydrophilicity.

This study investigated the use of nanoscale bilayers assembly film for hydrophilic surface modification on stainless steel plates and observed its effects on the evaporation of acetone and ethanol on the plates. This study first established the nanoscale bilayers assembly technique, and then performed hydrophilic surface modification on stainless steel plates by changing the surface structure, producing different contact angles. The relationship between the number of bilayers (10, 20, and 30) and the resulting contact angle was empirically determined; results indicated that 20-bilayer modification yielded the best result, reducing the contact angle from 70° (unmodified surface) to 12°. Beyond 20 bilayers, at 30 bilayers, the samples show no significant changes or improvements to contact angle or hydrophilicity. Results from evaporation time tests showed that, compared to the evaporation time of ethanol and acetone on unmodified flat stainless steel surface, this decreased contact angle can improve the evaporation time by 100%, clearly indicating that hydrophilic surface modifications causes significant improvement in evaporation.