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Library literature has long discussed the addition of table of contents and summary data to enhance bibliographic records for resources in the collection. The retrospective addition of this enhanced data has not been as widely discussed however this also offers great benefits to be considered. Despite the increased cost often associated with retrospectively working on resources already in the library collection, new life can be breathed into the usage of older resources as demonstrated by usage statistics from this particular library that indicate it can be a worthwhile and valuable project to be undertaken. This research-in-practice paper looks at the retrospective enhancement of existing bibliographic records with table of contents and summary data and its influence on an increase in usage of physical resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research surrounding library anxiety is plentiful; however, few studies have focused on distance or online learners and library anxiety. This article provides an overview of the construct library anxiety within distance learners and how library anxiety may impact their usage of academic library resources and services. First, it will explore library anxiety, its definition, library anxiety theories, models, research, development and validation of library anxiety scales, as well as prevention and reduction strategies. Second, this article will explore studies concerning distance and online learners within academic libraries and library anxiety and strategies for minimizing it. Finally, this article will offer additional areas for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent trends in fecal sludge management evoke the need for improving facilities for co-composting with municipal wastes having spatiotemporally varying compositions under changing atmospheric conditions. The present study is an attempt to recognize the need for locating an aerobic in-vessel co-compost unit in the vicinity of an overloaded sewage treatment plant aiming at synergistic waste management through minimizing water and land resources requirement. Dewatered sewage sludge was incorporated at selected proportions to differently degradable wastes under semiarid and subhumid conditions. The results indicate that the prevailing atmospheric conditions elongated the spray cover from surface aerators in the downwind direction, enabling the compost to receive augmented moisture supply with susceptible aerobic organisms towards achieving faster stability within 35 days. The results also suggest that temporal redistribution of nitrogenous compounds, as well as reduced emission of volatile organics, generally followed the proportion of partially digested sludge in the mixture. The study emphasizes the suitability of combined sludge dewatering and composting system for promoting sustainable and integrated waste management without adverse environmental impacts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of return to play assessment following a sports concussion, athletes may have to complete a cognitive task several times within days. The current longitudinal study aimed to examine the practice effect associated with the serial administration of the switch task. We hypothesized that the practice effect would be the greatest between the first and second assessments and that a plateau would be obtained by the third assessment. Forty healthy university students completed the switch task four times at an interval of 48-hour, with half of them doing version A on all visits (AA group), while the others alternated between A and B every other assessment (AB group). For response accuracy, performance generally improved from V1 to V2, and from V2 to V3 (ps ≤.001), irrespective of group. For reaction time, a significant interaction of Visit × Group was observed. Specifically, AA group performance improved from V1 to V2, and from V2 to V3, while the AB group only improved from V2 to V3 (ps ≤.01). Performance improved over the first three assessments and stabilized with no statistically significant change between the third and fourth testing sessions. Although the use of an alternative version has helped reduce the practice effect, it did not help in eliminating it. The current results highlight the need for further examination of the practice effect and its implication in clinical decision-making. Clinicians working in the sports concussion field must take the practice effect into account when they use the switch task for serial testing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Observable Movement Quality (OMQ) scale measures generic movement quality and is used alongside standardized age-adequate motor performance tests. The scale consists of 15 items, each focusing on a different aspect; together, the entire construct of movement quality is assessed. This study aimed to determine interrater and intrarater reliability, and responsiveness of the OMQ scale. A prospective intervention study with pre-post design in pediatric physical therapy practices. For interrater reliability, 3 physical therapists observed video-recorded motor assessments of 30 children with mild to moderate motor impairments —aged 4 to 12 years—using the OMQ scale. One therapist scored baseline assessment a second time for intrarater reliability, and to calculate smallest detectable change (SDC). Responsiveness (n = 28) was tested by comparing outcomes before and after intervention. Interrater reliability was moderate to good (ICC2,1: 0.79); intrarater reliability was high (ICC2,1: 0.97). Responsiveness results revealed an SDC of 2.4 and a minimal important change of 2.5; indicating sufficient validity in differentiating groups of children showing improved versus unchanged movement quality. The OMQ scale is reliable and responsive to change when used to assess movement quality in clinical practice for children with mild to moderate motor impairments, aged 4–12 year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For many years, creativity research had been yielding contradictory results. More recently, these results have come to be regarded as creativity paradoxes. This research reviews a growing body of evidence that highly creative people tend to operate, either simultaneously or dynamically, at extremes along continuums, where the extremes are considered at odds with one another. More highly creative people, it seems, tend to find a middle way, not by operating at a mid-point along a continuum, but by operating at and blending two more-extreme positions. An argument is presented that this is consistent with complexity theory, particularly the order-chaos dynamic characteristic of Complex Adaptive Systems (CASs), and that the number of paradoxes discovered in creativity research provides evidence for creativity being a characteristic of CASs. Understanding creativity as a characteristic of CASs leads to a new view of creativity and innovation, which could result in better creativity enhancement and innovation management approaches while also leading to improved tools to identify highly creative individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although a key goal of neuropsychological evaluation is to improve patient outcomes, research regarding changes in child functioning following neuropsychological evaluation is very limited. This project examined changes from before neuropsychological evaluation to several months afterward in parent report of their child's functioning and ability to participate across home, school, and community settings. Fifty-one parents of children and adolescents receiving their first outpatient neuropsychological evaluation completed questionnaires prior to initial parent interview and following the final report (of n = 162 who were mailed the follow-up questionnaire). Parents rated their perception of the severity of their child's problems, their child's ability to participate, and satisfaction with the child's ability to participate across school, home, and community domains. Analysis utilized MANOVA with bootstrapping to obtain standard errors and false discovery rate to control Type-1 errors. Parents reported a significant decrease in the severity of problems related to academic progress (p =.034) and overall severity of problems (p =.028) at follow-up. There was no significant change in the rated severity of the child's problems with peers or family. Parents reported significant increases in their child's ability to participate, and parent satisfaction with child participation, in school (ps<.001), at home (ps<.01), and in the community (ps<.001). Although this observational study cannot definitively show cause-and-effect, findings support the utility of pediatric neuropsychological evaluations in facilitating child functioning. These findings dovetail with prior work suggesting that such evaluations can increase parents' understanding of their child, awareness of care options, and efficacy in pursuing those options. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims at recognising the factor structure of the revised version of The Islamic Scale for Greed and Frugality (ISGF) and introducing its psychometric properties. The statistical population consisted of all students from two academic institutions. Using the convenience-sampling method, 444 students were selected from this population and responded to the ISGF. Cronbach's alpha method was used to determine the reliability of the inventory, and factor analysis was used to determine the validity of the construct. The collected data were analysed using Pearson's correlation and split-half method. The results indicated that the ISGF-R had three factors: material satisfaction, believe in financial fate and spiritual identity. Cronbach's alpha of.85 represents the strong reliability of this scale. Based on the research findings, it can be said that ISGF-R has high validity and reliability and coherent factors are derived from it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prosociality is a central topic in positive psychology. An important but under-studied distinction can be made between active and reactive expressions. We suggest that the novel construct of social mindfulness represents active rather than reactive prosociality. Across four studies (N = 2,594), including a multi-wave representative sample spanning six years, social mindfulness is found to correlate with personality traits associated with prosocial and/or antisocial behavior. We find positive associations with empathy, social value orientation, and general prosocial behavior, and negative associations with moral disengagement and narcissism. Importantly, social mindfulness emerges as an active rather than a reactive characteristic that is more strongly related to HEXACO honesty-humility (active cooperation) than to HEXACO agreeableness (reactive cooperation). The association between social mindfulness and honesty-humility was found across measures six years apart. Given the well-established link between prosociality and well-being, emphasizing social mindfulness may be a good start to promote the latter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The purpose of this critical review was to evaluate the current state of research regarding the incremental value of neuropsychological assessment in clinical practice, above and beyond what can be accounted for on the basis of demographic, medical, and other diagnostic variables. The focus was on neurological and other medical conditions across the lifespan where there is known risk for presence or future development of cognitive impairment. Method: Eligible investigations were group studies that had been published after 01/01/2000 in English in peer-reviewed journals and that had used standardized neuropsychological measures and reported on objective outcome criterion variables. They were identified through PubMed and PsychInfo electronic databases on the basis of predefined specific selection criteria. Reference lists of identified articles were also reviewed to identify potential additional sources. The Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation Working Group's (GRADE) criteria were used to evaluate quality of studies. Results: Fifty-six studies met the final selection criteria, including 2 randomized-controlled trials, 9 prospective cohort studies, 12 retrospective cohort studies, 21 inception cohort studies, 2 case control studies, and 10 case series studies. The preponderance of the evidence was strongly supportive with regard to the incremental value of neuropsychological assessment in the care of persons with mild cognitive impairment/dementia and traumatic brain injury. Evidence was moderately supportive with regard to stroke, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Participation in neuropsychological evaluations was also associated with cost savings. Conclusions: Neuropsychological assessment can improve both diagnostic classification and prediction of long-term daily-life outcomes in patients across the lifespan. Future high-quality prospective cohort studies and randomized-controlled trials are necessary to demonstrate more definitively the incremental value of neuropsychological assessment in the management of patients with various neurological and other medical conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over 1,200 community colleges nationwide enroll over ten million students annually, with more than one in four students taking online courses. Given postsecondary education's increased focus on resources beyond the classroom, a logical line of exploration is the link between academic library usage and library aptitudes and attitudes. This study examined library behaviors/perceptions of a community college's distance learners. Results were analyzed using well Pearson's r, independent sample t-tests, and ANOVA using composite factors of inexperience, apathy, and anxiety. Correlations suggest as students become more experienced with the library and its resources, anxiety and apathy toward using the library decreases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous research has reported lower cognitive test scores on baseline testing in athletes reporting multiple previous concussions or a history of learning disability (LD). Age also has an important influence on cognitive performance. While these factors have been considered individually in previous studies, the present study is the first to explore the interaction of age, self-reported LD, and history of concussion on baseline Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT®) in a nationwide study of adolescent athletes. ImPACT® was administered to 1823 Finnish male ice hockey players (aged 12-21 years old) prior to the 2015-2016 or 2016-2017 playing seasons. Linear regressions and simple slopes analyses were used for clarifying the impact of LD and previous concussion history on maturational trajectories. In comparison to typically developing athletes, athletes with LD had lower neurocognitive scores in all composites and differing maturational trajectory in verbal memory and visual motor speed. The number of previous concussions did not impair neurocognitive performance at baseline assessment. Application of standard age-based norms to adolescent athletes with a history of LD has the potential to negatively skew clinical decision-making. Separate reference values for LD athletes are warranted due to their unique developmental cognitive trajectories. The reference values for the Finnish participants in this study are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although academic library print collections are traditionally carefully selected, collection strategies for online materials often involve the addition of large, uncurated packages of eBooks and other online materials. This study examines how adding such packages has altered the composition of one library's collection in terms of publication date, format, and subject. It then utilizes WebPAC and Summon search results to understand how the collection is experienced by library searchers. Results show rapid growth in uncurated collections. Whereas WebPAC heavily favored newer items and eBooks from uncurated collections, Summon promoted print books from cultivated collections to a degree greater than expected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adopting a qualitative approach to the investigation of high achievement, the authors analyzed how high-achieving women in the Swedish workplace made meaning of positive and negative experiences in their work. The data consisted of interviews with 15 women identified as being high achieving in their respective field, and it was analyzed using grounded theory methodology. The women described five distinct experiences that highlighted both the bright side and the dark side to high work performance: (1) going the extra mile in their work, (2) reaching for career goals, (3) experiencing flow and a love for work, (4) working independently and taking the road less traveled, and (5) having high standards and aiming for perfection. The empirical findings relate to existing research literature on grit, work engagement, flow, and burnout. Implications for employers who want to retain and develop high achievers are discussed. The findings suggest that high-achieving women experience it as personally meaningful to engage in high-performance behavior as long as the benefits experienced outweigh the costs, and they are able to do their work on their own terms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Although the self-report version of Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS) is frequently used to measure social anxiety, data is lacking on the smallest detectable change (SDC), an important index of measurement error. We therefore aimed to determine the SDC of LSAS. Methods: Japanese adults aged 20-69 years were invited from a panel managed by a nationwide internet research agency. We then conducted a test-retest internet survey with a two-week interval to estimate the SDC at the individual (SDCind) and group (SDCgroup) levels. Results: The analysis included 1300 participants. The SDCind and SDCgroup for the total fear subscale (scoring range: 0-72) were 23.52 points (32.7%) and 0.65 points (0.9%), respectively. The SDCind and SDCgroup for the total avoidance subscale (scoring range: 0-72) were 32.43 points (45.0%) and 0.90 points (1.2%), respectively. The SDCind and SDCgroup for the overall total score (scoring range: 0-144) were 45.90 points (31.9%) and 1.27 points (0.9%), respectively. Conclusions: Measurement error is large and indicate the potential for major problems when attempting to use the LSAS to detect changes at the individual level. These results should be considered when using the LSAS as measures of treatment change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Neuropsychological assessment (NPA) addresses important aspects of diagnosis, prognosis, treatment, and rehabilitation planning. This review set out to determine the impact of NPA on the adult patient's outcome, by examining how and whether NPA influences diagnostic decision-making and surgical planning, how NPA can be used to predict patient outcome, and how clients, referrers, and significant others perceive the value of NPA. Method: Eligible studies were selected according to pre-defined selection criteria and accessed via the electronic databases Medline and PsycInfo. Results: Eighty-one studies were included, with 14 examining the influence of NPA on diagnosis, 62 in predicting outcomes, and 5 addressing the perceptions of NPA by users. The evidence was generally supportive of the value of NPA for its ability to increase the accuracy of diagnoses, to assist with decisions regarding surgical planning, to predict patient outcomes, and in its clinical benefit as reported by physicians and patients. Conclusion: The review demonstrated the benefit of NPA in assisting with diagnosis and prognosis, and showed positive findings with regard to consumer perceptions of NPA. The neuropsychological literature would materially benefit from high-quality randomized control trials of NPA to definitively demonstrate the efficacy of this measure in clinical management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We sought to investigate the one-week and within-session reliability of the instrumented balance error scoring system test and the concurrent validity/one-week reliability of two neurocognitive assessments available through C3 Logix. (n = 37) Participants completed two balance error scoring system tests separated by the Trails A, Trails B, and Symbol Digit Modality test available through C3 Logix, and with paper and pencil. We found that the instrumented balance error scoring system test demonstrated strong one-week reliability and that neuropsychological tests available through C3 Logix show acceptable concurrent validity with standard (comparable) paper and pencil measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective:The Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Test (ImPACT) is commonly used to assess baseline and post-injury cognition among athletes in North America. Despite this, several studies have questioned the reliability of ImPACT when given at intervals employed in clinical practice. Poor test–retest reliability reduces test sensitivity to cognitive decline, increasing the likelihood that concussed athletes will be returned to play prematurely. We recently showed that the reliability of ImPACT can be increased when using a new composite structure and the aggregate of two baselines to predict subsequent performance. The purpose of the present study was to confirm our previous findings and determine whether the addition of a third baseline would further increase the test–retest reliability of ImPACT.Methods:Data from 97 English speaking professional hockey players who had received at least 4 ImPACT baseline evaluations were extracted from a National Hockey League Concussion Program database. Linear regression was used to determine whether each of the first three testing sessions accounted for unique variance in the fourth testing session.Results:Results confirmed that the aggregate baseline approach improves the psychometric properties of ImPACT, with most indices demonstrating adequate or better test–retest reliability for clinical use.Conclusions:The aggregate baseline approach provides a modest clinical benefit when recent baselines are available – and a more substantial benefit when compared to approaches that obtain baseline measures only once during the course of a multi-year playing career. Pending confirmation in diverse samples, neuropsychologists are encouraged to use the aggregate baseline approach to best quantify cognitive change following sports concussion. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Graduate distance learning programs are charged to find creative ways to foster student engagement and learning. Faculty and Library Sciences professionals are increasingly collaborating to achieve this end. In this study, faculty from the Masters in Social Work program and the Library collaborated to explore student's perceptions about how to best engage the library, its resources and trained staff to improve perceived self-efficacy and scholarship in research methodology. Survey data (n = 28) suggests that these students have a surprisingly high level of discomfort and anxiety related to the information search process, the library, and their own academic self-confidence. Students present as less confident in their ability to locate needed information, more anxious about using the library and asking for help, and appear to have less developed search skills. Implications for student engagement and integration of information literacy skills are presented and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective:The dimensional personality disorders model in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM)-5 section III conceptually differentiates impaired personality functioning (criterion A) from the presence of pathological traits (criterion B). This study is the first to specifically address the measurement of criterion A in older adults. Moreover, the convergent/divergent validity of criterion A and criterion B will be compared in younger and older age groups. Method:The Severity Indices of Personality Functioning – Short Form (SIPP-SF) was administered in older (N= 171) and younger adults (N= 210). The factorial structure was analyzed with exploratory structural equation modeling. Differences in convergent/divergent validity between personality functioning (SIPP-SF) and pathological traits (Personality Inventory for DSM-5; Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology-Basic Questionnaire) were examined across age groups. Results:Identity Integration, Relational Capacities, Responsibility, Self-Control, and Social Concordance were corroborated as higher order domains. Although the SIPP-SF domains measured unique variation, some high correlations with pathological traits referred to overlapping constructs. Moreover, in older adults, personality functioning was more strongly related to Psychoticism, Disinhibition, Antagonism and Dissocial Behavior compared to younger adults. Discussion:The SIPP-SF construct validity was demonstrated in terms of a structure of five higher order domains of personality functioning. The instrument is promising as a possible measure of impaired personality functioning in older adults. As such, it is a useful clinical tool to follow up effects of therapy on levels of personality functioning. Moreover, traits were associated with different degrees of personality functioning across age groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The assessment of risk factors is a crucial step in the prevention and treatment of affective disorders and should encompass personal dispositions. The aim of this study was to assess the value of chronotype and temperament as independent predictors of depressive symptoms among medical students. The study surveyed 140 students of the Faculty of Medicine with a battery of questionnaires: the Beck Depression Index (BDI), Hypomania Checklist 32 (HCL-32), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Chronotype Questionnaire and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised. The results were tested using Pearson’s correlation quotient and general linear model. Ten percent of the participants demonstrated a BDI score suggestive of clinically significant depressive symptoms. BDI score correlated positively with HCL-32 score. A rise in BDI was independently predicted by elevated Neuroticism and PSQI scores and morningness. Those effects were independent from each other and from other parameters of the model. The presence of depressive symptoms might be associated with bipolar features among medical students. Poor sleep quality predicted depressive symptoms, similarly to Neuroticism and independently of temperament and chronotype. Future studies on the associations between personal dispositions and mood disorders among medical students are required to help identify those at greater risk of developing affective illness. Effective prophylaxis and early intervention are warranted to ensure better treatment results. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Neuropsychologists regularly conduct sport-related concussion (SRC) evaluations, although research has not tracked these assessment practices. As part of a survey of neuropsychological test usage, we analyzed data from 215 neuropsychologists who conduct SRC evaluations. Only 15% reported conducting baseline assessments of athletes as part of a sports program and 92% evaluate athletes' post-concussion without baseline data. The majority of respondents use a full battery, considered the most reliable approach for assessing concussion symptoms in athletes. Only 6% use computerized tests exclusively (>50% ImPACT). We discuss the implications of these results and address challenges faced by neuropsychologists who perform SRC evaluations. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Using self- and observer reports on the Personality Inventory forDSM–5(PID–5) and the HEXACO Personality Inventory–Revised (HEXACO–PI–R), we identified for each inventory several trait dimensions (each defined by both self- and observer reports on the facet-level scales belonging to the same domain) and 2 source dimensions (each defined by self-reports or by observer reports, respectively, on all facet-level scales). Results (N= 217) showed that the source dimensions of the PID–5 were very large (much larger than those of the HEXACO–PI–R), and suggest that self-report (or observer report) response styles substantially inflate the intercorrelations and the alpha reliabilities of the PID–5 scales. We discuss the meaning and the implications of the large PID–5 source components, and we suggest some methods of controlling their influence. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Atypical lateralization for language has been found in schizophrenia, suggesting that language and thought disorders on the schizophrenia spectrum may be due to left hemispheric dysfunction. However, research with those with non-clinical schizotypy has been inconsistent, with some studies finding reduced or reversed language laterality (particularly with positive schizotypal traits), and others finding typical left hemispheric specialization. The aim of the current study was to use both a behavioural (dual reading-finger tapping) task and an functional magnetic resonance imaging lexical decision task to investigate language laterality in a university sample of high- and low-schizotypal adults. Findings revealed no evidence for atypical lateralization in our sample for both overall schizotypy (measured by the Oxford-Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experiences) and positive schizotypy (measured by the Unusual Experiences subscale) groups. Our findings provide further evidence that non-clinical schizotypy is not associated with atypical language laterality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Many clinical studies have shown that performance of subjects with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is impaired when stimuli are presented at a slow rate compared to a medium or fast rate. According to the cognitive–energetic model, this finding may reflect difficulty in allocating sufficient effort to regulate the motor activation state. Other studies have shown that the left hemisphere is relatively responsible for keeping humans motivated, allocating sufficient effort to complete their tasks. This leads to a prediction that poor effort allocation might be associated with an affected left-hemisphere functioning in ADHD. So far, this prediction has not been directly tested, which is the aim of the present study.Method: Seventy-seven adults with various scores on the Conners’ Adult ADHD Rating Scale performed a lateralized lexical decision task in three conditions with stimuli presented in a fast, a medium, and a slow rate. The left-hemisphere functioning was measured in terms of visual field advantage (better performance for the right than for the left visual field).Results: All subjects showed an increased right visual field advantage for word processing in the slow presentation rate of stimuli compared to the fast and the medium rate. Higher ADHD scores were related to a reduced right visual field advantage in the slow rate only.Conclusions: The present findings suggest that ADHD symptomatology is associated with less involvement of the left hemisphere when extra effort allocation is needed to optimize the low motor activation state. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This study linked individual characteristics to proximate factors operating in the moment of decision-making to predict occupational crime. We distinguished between people’s task-related conscience, as embodied by the Conscientiousness personality trait, and a more general moral conscience as embodied by the Honesty-Humility trait, hypothesizing that both traits are differentially related to the way situational characteristics, such as costs and benefits, are perceived. We operationalized the concept of ‘felt lure’ emanating from the benefits of a crime, defining it as an affective state that tempts people to commit a criminal act, and examined it next to perceived risk of sanction as a proximate predictor of criminal choice. In line with our predictions, Conscientiousness and Honesty-Humility significantly predicted occupational criminal choice as did felt lure and perceived risk. Specifically, perceived risk and felt lure mediated the relations between Conscientiousness and Honesty-Humility on the one hand, and occupational criminal choice on the other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Patrons avoid asking librarians for help for a variety of psychosocial reasons. These include academic goal orientation; degree of self-regulation; perceived threats to autonomy or self-esteem; desire to avoid being stereotyped; perceptions of librarians; and feelings of confusion, fear, or anxiety. Educational psychologists and college student services professionals have published research on help seeking that is directly relevant to library patrons’ behaviors. This review summarizes literature on the educational psychology of help seeking, help seeking in college student services, interpersonal dimensions of library reference services, library anxiety, the effect of librarian behaviors on patrons’ perceptions of help received, and preliminary findings on help seeking in online settings. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The paradigm of personality psychopathology is shifting from one that is purely categorical in nature to one grounded in dimensional individual differences. Section III (Emerging Measures and Models) of theDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders(5th ed. [DSM–5]; American Psychiatric Association, 2013), for example, includes a hybrid categorical/dimensional model of personality disorder classification. To inform the hybrid model, theDSM–5Personality and Personality Disorders Work Group developed a self-report instrument to assess pathological personality traits—the Personality Inventory for the DSM–5 (PID–5). Since its recent introduction, 30 papers (39 samples) have been published examining various aspects of its psychometric properties. In this article, we review the psychometric characteristics of the PID–5 using the Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing as our framework. The PID–5 demonstrates adequate psychometric properties, including a replicable factor structure, convergence with existing personality instruments, and expected associations with broadly conceptualized clinical constructs. More research is needed with specific consideration to clinical utility, additional forms of reliability and validity, relations with psychopathological personality traits using clinical samples, alternative methods of criterion validation, effective employment of cut scores, and the inclusion of validity scales to propel this movement forward. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Automated neurocognitive tests are commonly used by military providers for making clinical decisions about the recovery of postconcussive cognitive sequelae. This practice often utilizes baseline assessments that precede the concussive injury. As such, investigating and establishing the psychometrics of an instrument is necessary to minimize confounds for interpreting assessment scores. Test–retest reliability (TRR) values for an 8.3 ± 2-day retest window for the Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics-Version 4 (ANAM) were calculated in 86 healthy U.S. Army soldiers deployed to Iraq. After removal of outliers, all but 1 subtest, Simple Reaction Time, had adequate or greater TRR values (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.72–0.86). The findings suggest that overall, the ANAM has good temporal stability when the retesting intertrial interval is less than 11 days while in a deployed environment. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Studies on the Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology–Short Form (DAPP–SF) have shown its ability to identify treatment-seeking patients with personality disorders. This study focuses on its screening potential for personality disorder in 89 criminal suspects (77 men, 12 women;Mage = 37.0 years) undergoing residential pretrial psychological assessments in a high-security setting. It was expected that Structured Interview forDSM–IVPersonality (SIDP–IV) criteria met for personality disorder(s) would be associated with higher DAPP–SF scores. A floor effect was found in DAPP–SF scores: The forensic population reported less personality pathology than the general population. Only moderate associations between DAPP–SF and SIDP–IV outcome were found. Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that some DAPP–SF subscales did not exceed chance level in their ability to screen for personality disorders. It is concluded that the DAPP–SF has limited usefulness as a screener for personality disorders in a forensic pretrial setting. Alternative forensic screening instruments are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Collegiate athletes tested at baseline and post-concussion were administered a self-report measure of post-concussion symptoms pre- and post-testing. Athletes tested post-concussion were significantly more likely to demonstrate an increase in symptoms post-testing, suggesting that the cognitive exertion involved in neuropsychological assessment may exacerbate symptoms in some athletes. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

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This study examined the associations of specific personality traits and general personality dysfunction in relation to the presence and severity ofDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders(4th ed. [DSM–IV]; American Psychiatric Association, 1994) personality disorders in a Dutch clinical sample. Two widely used measures of specific personality traits were selected, the Revised NEO Personality Inventory as a measure of normal personality traits, and the Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology-Basic Questionnaire as a measure of pathological traits. In addition, 2 promising measures of personality dysfunction were selected, the General Assessment of Personality Disorder and the Severity Indices of Personality Problems. Theoretically predicted associations were found between the measures, and all measures predicted the presence and severity ofDSM–IVpersonality disorders. The combination of general personality dysfunction models and personality traits models provided incremental information about the presence and severity of personality disorders, suggesting that an integrative approach of multiple perspectives might serve comprehensive assessment of personality disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to examine if concussion symptoms worsened immediately (i.e. 20 minutes) following performance on a scomputerized neurocognitive test. Research design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods and procedures: A total of 165 athletes with a concussion participated in the study. Participants completed the Immediate Post-concussion Assessment and Cognitive Test (ImPACT) and Post-concussion Symptom Scale (PCSS) at baseline, 3 and 10 days post-concussion. Participants completed a second PCSS following the ImPACT test at 3 and 10 days post-injury. Main outcomes and results: Athletes with a concussion exhibited greater symptoms post-neurocognitive test 3 days post-concussion on headache ( p = 0.01), nausea ( p = 0.03), dizziness ( p = 0.03), sadness ( p = 0.005), mentally foggy ( p = 0.002) and visual problems ( p = 0.007). Athletes with a concussion demonstrated increased symptoms on sadness ( p = 0.00) and difficulty remembering ( p = 0.03) at 10 days post-injury. Athletes also demonstrated neurocognitive impairments in verbal memory ( p = 0.009) and slower reaction time ( p = 0.01) 10 days post-concussion and visual memory ( p = 0.000) and motor processing speed ( p = 0.000) impairments at 3 days post-injury. Conclusion: The current study suggests that there may be an increase in concussion symptoms following a 20-minute cognitive task. Thus, it illustrates the need for clinicians to make sure they are symptom free with both physical and cognitive testing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With heavy reliance on neurocognitive testing for concussion status assessments in the U.S. warfighter, there is a need to investigate the impact of testing environment on neurocognitive functioning. The current study compared scores on computerized neurocognitive tests of 166 soldiers who were deployed to Iraq. Predeployment baseline scores (n = 53) were compared to baseline scores collected while deployed (n = 113) on the battery of tests. There was no significant difference between baseline scores acquired from the predeployment group versus the deployed group. Furthermore, only one subtest revealed a significant difference in change scores from the follow-up test session when comparing the location of initial baseline testing. The results suggest that testing environment does not significantly influence baseline neurocognitive testing. The findings also provide support for the use of neurocognitive testing in a deployment environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article the author analyzes circulation of print books at Seton Hall University Libraries using the WorldCat Analysis tool and Voyager data. Only 21.5% of the collection circulated between 2005 and 2009, but circulation varied by subject area. Circulation was higher for subjects with more current collections. Over one-third of recent science books circulated, while older science books had low circulation. Print book circulation declined by 23% between 2005 and 2009. Results of this study informed collection development and prompted a comprehensive weeding project, participation in an international scholarly reading study, and an e-book, patron-driven acquisition program. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The Experiences in Close Relationships–Revised (ECR–r) is a self-report instrument to assess adult attachment style that seems to have appropriate psychometric qualities. The ECR–r has been most widely studied in student and community samples. In this study we report factor structure, reliability, and construct validity of the Dutch translation of the ECR–r in an outpatient mental health sample (N= 262). The original factor structure could satisfactorily be replicated, the reliability of the ECR–r was also stable over time, and there was good evidence for its construct validity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on the applicability of the five factor model (FFM) to capture personality pathology coincided with the development of a FFM personality disorder (PD) count technique, which has been validated in adolescent, young, and middle-aged samples. This study extends the literature by validating this technique in an older sample. Five alternative FFM PD counts based upon the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R) are computed and evaluated in terms of both convergent and divergent validity with the Assessment of DSM-IV Personality Disorders Questionnaire (shortly ADP-IV; DSM-IV, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders – Fourth edition). For the best working count for each PD normative data are presented, from which cut-off scores are derived. The validity of these cut-offs and their usefulness as a screening tool is tested against both a categorical (i.e., the DSM-IV – Text Revision), and a dimensional (i.e., the Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology; DAPP) measure of personality pathology. All but the Antisocial and Obsessive-Compulsive counts exhibited adequate convergent and divergent validity, supporting the use of this method in older adults. Using the ADP-IV and the DAPP – Short Form as validation criteria, results corroborate the use of the FFM PD count technique to screen for PDs in older adults, in particular for the Paranoid, Borderline, Histrionic, Avoidant, and Dependent PDs. Given the age-neutrality of the NEO PI-R and the considerable lack of valid personality assessment tools, current findings appear to be promising for the assessment of pathology in older adults. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

A response by Lester B. Mayers and Thomas S. Redick to a commentary to their article "Clinical utility of ImPACT assessment for postconcussion return-to-play counseling: Psychometric issues," published in a 2012 issue, is presented. Both Mayers and Redick agree that the nature of their paper was an opinion rather than a review. They explain their framework for identifying published articles. They refute claims that their review had a selective and biased nature.

A commentary to the article "Clinical utility of ImPACT assessment for postconcussion return-to-play counseling: Psychometric issues," published in a 2012 issue, is presented. It points out a failure to document any detailed inclusion criteria for identifying published articles to guide the review of the current literature. It contends that the use of Pearson's correlation coefficients as a measure of test-retest reliability is hampered by the kind of data obtained from the measurement.

Computerized neuropsychological testing is commonly utilized in the management of sport-related concussion. In particular, the Immediate Postconcussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing 2.0 program (ImPACT) is widely used to assess the cognitive functioning of athletes before and after a concussion. We review the evidence for the clinical utility of this program in terms of validity, reliability, and use in return-to-play decisions. We conclude that the empirical evidence does not support the use of ImPACT testing for determining the time of postconcussion return to play. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This joint position paper of the American Academy of Clinical Neuropsychology and the National Academy of Neuropsychology sets forth our position on appropriate standards and conventions for computerized neuropsychological assessment devices (CNADs). In this paper, we first define CNADs and distinguish them from examiner-administered neuropsychological instruments. We then set forth position statements on eight key issues relevant to the development and use of CNADs in the healthcare setting. These statements address (a) device marketing and performance claims made by developers of CNADs; (b) issues involved in appropriate end-users for administration and interpretation of CNADs; (c) technical (hardware/software/firmware) issues; (d) privacy, data security, identity verification, and testing environment; (e) psychometric development issues, especially reliability and validity; (f) cultural, experiential, and disability factors affecting examinee interaction with CNADs; (g) use of computerized testing and reporting services; and (h) the need for checks on response validity and effort in the CNAD environment. This paper is intended to provide guidance for test developers and users of CNADs that will promote accurate and appropriate use of computerized tests in a way that maximizes clinical utility and minimizes risks of misuse. The positions taken in this paper are put forth with an eye toward balancing the need to make validated CNADs accessible to otherwise underserved patients with the need to ensure that such tests are developed and utilized competently, appropriately, and with due concern for patient welfare and quality of care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although intended to assess vulnerability factors associated with psychopathology, the 5-Dimensional Personality Test (5DPT) shows at least a superficial similarity to instruments that adhere to the lexical tradition in personality psychology. To investigate to which extent this similarity goes, this article compares the 5DPT with 2 lexically based measures, the NEO–Five Factor Inventory and the HEXACO–Personality Inventory–Revised. Moreover, as the NEO Openness to Experience construct demonstrates little relationship with maladaptive personality, whereas the 5DPT Absorption factor was hypothesized to underlie the emergence of positive schizotypic symptoms and related phenomena, the 5DPT was also correlated with the Schizotypic Syndrome Questionnaire (SSQ), the Creative Experiences Questionnaire, Thalbourne's Transliminality Scale, the Launay–Slade Hallucination Scale, and the OLIFE–Unusual Experiences scale. On examining the correlations between the various instruments, it was ascertained (a) that there is no need to extend the theory-informed 5DPT with a 6th dimension similar to the HEXACO factor Honesty–Humility, (b) that the 5DPT dimensions were found on average to share only a moderate amount of variance with the Five-factor model/Big Five factors, and (c) that the 5DPT Absorption scale turned out as anticipated to correlate with the positive symptom scales of the SSQ, as well as with the remaining criterion scales that measure similar constructs. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Context: Monitoring of subjective symptoms is the foundation of all sport concussion management programmes. The purpose of this study is to examine methodological variables that impact symptom reporting during baseline testing. Objective: To investigate how the administration method of a concussion assessment tool (self-report vs interview) affects the report of symptoms. Design, setting and participants: This was a cross-sectional, semi-randomized study of 117 athletes. Main outcome measurements: Subjects completed the Post-Concussion Scale during pre-season evaluations. Results: A two-factor ANOVA revealed a significant difference in total symptom scores ( p == 0.02) and number of endorsed symptoms ( p == 0.02) across administration modes. Athletes had a greater total symptom score and reported a greater number of symptoms in the self-administration condition than in the interview condition. Furthermore, there was a significant difference in symptom reporting across interviewer gender. Athletes endorsed more symptoms when the interviewer was a woman. Conclusions: Because the method of collecting symptoms, as well as interviewer gender, can impact test results, self-report measures may be a better way of obtaining consistent results. Clinicians and researchers should be aware that both the nature and extent of symptom reporting is greater when using questionnaires than when athletes are interviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the past 20 years, clinical neuropsychologists have been at the forefront of both scientific and clinical initiatives aimed at developing evidence-based approaches to the evaluation and management of sport-related concussion. These efforts have directly impacted current policy on strategies for injury assessment and return-to-play by athletes after concussion. Many states are considering legislation requiring (a) education of athletes, parents, coaches, and school/organization officials on the recognition, evaluation, and management of sport-related concussions; (b) removal from play of any youth athlete that is suspected of having sustained a concussion; and (c) not allowing the student to return to participation until the student is evaluated and cleared for return to participation in writing by an appropriate healthcare professional. It is the official position of the American Academy of Clinical Neuropsychology (AACN), American Board of Neuropsychology (ABN), Division 40 (Neuropsychology) of the American Psychological Association (APA), and the National Academy of Neuropsychology (NAN) that neuropsychologists should be included among the licensed health care professionals authorized to evaluate, clinically manage, and provide return to play clearance for athletes who sustain a sport-related concussion. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This article reviews current issues in the following areas of pediatric sports-related concussion: incidence of concussion, potential long-term effects, return to play, and the emergence of legislation regarding concussion education and management programs. Incidence of concussion is presented in context of emergency room visits, as well as under-reporting of concussions. The literature on history of concussion is reviewed, for high school, collegiate, and professional athletes, with respect to potential long-term effects of cerebral concussion. Specific discussions of effects include: decreased cognition and increased symptom reporting following multiple concussions, and recent diagnoses of chronic traumatic encephalopathy in non-professional and youth athletes. Recent legislative and advocacy efforts are reviewed, including mandated programs in specific states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this descriptive research study was to assess the skill level, confidence, and overall research readiness of selected groups of graduate students (on and off campus) within two divisions housed in the Faculty of Education at the University of Calgary. The researchers expected participants to overestimate the value of the Internet as a source of academically reputable information, and to have a limited understanding of the complex nature of online academic research. These expectations were not validated by the conclusions of the assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents abstracts on medical topics which include methodology of a measurement of efficiency of rehabilitation, the study of effectiveness of community based rehabilitation, and the strength improvement of knee extensor muscles in patients with chronic heart failure.