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Is Kuhn's notion of exemplar applicable to ongoing biomedical sciences? Many philosophers may be skeptical because Kuhn's cases are mostly from physics and chemistry. However, how do philosophers test the above (non-)applicability directly? We will use examples to illustrate a scientometric approach to the integrated history and philosophy of science (SciHPS) and argue that SciHPS can provide an empirical basis to empirically test and revise a philosophical concept questioned for its applicability to biomedical sciences. This paper will build on Yan, K., M. L. Tsai, and T. R. Huang. [2021. "Improving the Quality of Case-Based Research in the Philosophy of Contemporary Sciences." Synthese 198 (10): 9591–9610. ] heart-rate variability (HRV) case study to examine the biomedical changes within the HRV community from 1970 to 2022. We will investigate how a task force standardises and entrenches methodological standardisations, and argue that some of the task force's methodological standardisations are tool-afforded by an algorithm. These tool-afforded aspects further explain why an HRV method is robustly dominant in the HRV community despite other HRV scholars having developed alternatives to compete with the dominant one. We will then show how to use SciHPS to empirically test and revise the Kuhnian concept of exemplar into a concept of citation-exemplar that better captures the above tool-afforded aspects of standardisations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper tackles the interoperability problems of enterprise information systems by presenting a distributive model-driven platform for parallel coordination of multiple negotiations in data-intensive collaborative working environments. The proposed model was validated and verified by an industrial application scenario within the European research project H2020 C2NET (Cloud Collaborative Manufacturing Networks). This real scenario developed data-intensive collaborative and cloud-enabled tools that allow the optimisation of the supply network of manufacturing SMEs, proposing a negotiation solution based on a model-driven interoperable decentralised architecture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radio frequency identification (RFID) is a promising technology which can potentially assist in enhancing the efficiency of manufacturing by reorganising and optimising internal operations, such as purchasing, warehousing, management, and distribution of materials in the production, as well as in external supply chain management. RFID makes it possible to identify individual objects in the production automatically and wirelessly, so it has an increasing potential in various applications which can make manufacturing more efficient and productive. This survey provides an insight to the application of RFID technology in the management of manufacturing and supply chain. The survey includes a summary on the main purposes of use and on the main application fields of the technology. In manufacturing, typical application targets of RFID are related to warehouse management, process management, tool management, supply chain management, and life cycle management. In addition, the main users, i.e. those manufacturing branches which have been the primary users of RFID this far, are listed in this survey to reveal the current industrial practice. Furthermore, the current challenges in implementing the technology are discussed, as well as the most potential future manufacturing applications and research directions. The sources used for this study are original peer-reviewed reviews and journal articles, conference papers, and web references. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]