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Prior research has shown that user-generated content (UGC) on social media is an important source for consumers seeking information about mental health treatment. The purpose of this study is to explore UGC about prescription drugs for depression as a type of digital 'pharma' folklore. Using qualitative inquiry, the authors analyse 73 user-generated product reviews on YouTube. Findings yield a compelling portrait of people's struggle with mental illness and their treatment journey. Applying folklore as a framework provides a novel strategy for analysing and theorising the cultural worldview of a consumer group. It allows marketers to decipher the knowledge being passed on to others from product review videos and gain a deeper understanding of stories that resonate with consumers seeking treatment with depression drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chatbots and other artificial-intelligence applications that mimic human conversation or writing have rapidly become some of the most popular tech applications of all time. Expert analysis and media coverage of the risks and benefits of AI have paid scant attention to how chatbots might affect public health at a time when depression, suicide, anxiety, and mental illness are epidemic in the United States, particularly among children and young adults. Many experts have pointed to a correlation between declining mental health and increasing online engagement. Generative AI's potential to transform education, the job market, and social interactions could come at the expense of humanity's own mental faculties, creativity, and social skills. Chatbots—which are prone to errors and fabrications—could also make it more difficult for humans to tell fact from fiction. But to the extent that mental health experts and the healthcare industry are interested in AI, it's mostly viewed as a promising tool for identifying and treating mental health issues, rather than a potential threat to mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urban big-system library systems have undergone seismic change over the past 20 years, becoming community centers in addition to repositories of information. As a result, contemporary library staff are facing new needs and challenges that their predecessors did not. This article explores different ways in which library leaders can hire, train, and support staff to successfully serve their communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ObjectiveMethodResultsConclusions\nKEY POINTSBeing aware of climatic threats can evoke climate anxiety in youth, wherein young people may draw on coping strategies to manage this experience. To further understand the helpfulness of climate anxiety and coping, this study explored whether these experiences in adolescence are related to adaptive functioning or impairment.Australian adolescents aged 12–20 years (n = 261), recruited through social media or school-based participation, completed an online survey. Various cognitive styles of coping and behavioural coping strategies were assessed.Several styles of coping were found to be differentially related to functioning. Positive reappraisal of climate change was associated with reduced personal and occupational functional impairment. Meaning-focused reappraisal and pro-environmental coping were positively associated with adaptive functioning (e.g. higher motivation, greater connection to others). In contrast, catastrophising was inversely associated with adaptive functioning. De-emphasising the threat of climate change was related to social functional impairment, but also adaptive functioning. Finally, the more a young person experienced physiological symptoms of climate anxiety, they more they reported personal, occupational and social functional impairment.Supporting adolescents as they learn to navigate and cope with climate anxiety, as well as climate change more broadly, may help protect youth wellbeing and functioning long-term.What is already known about this topic:(1) Young people are among the most vulnerable to the negative impacts of climate change.(2) Being aware of these threats can evoke “climate anxiety”.(3) Young people may cope with climate change and climate anxiety using a range of cognitive styles and coping behaviours.What this topic adds:The way young people cope with climate anxiety may impact their functioning:(1) Positive reappraisal of climate change was related to reduced impairments to personal and occupational domains in adolescents.(2) The more an adolescent used meaning-focused reappraisal and pro-environmental coping, the more they reported greater adaptive functioning. In contrast, the more they used catastrophising, the less they reported adaptive functioning.(3) De-emphasising the threats of climate change was positively associated with social functional impairment in adolescents, but also adaptive functioning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes and evaluates the procedure for the development and validation of the bullying victimisation scale for Pakistani young people aged 12–18 years. During phase I, a total of 60 participants aged from 13 to 17 years were selected by using a multistage sampling strategy for item generation for bullying victimisation. In phase II, empirical validation was carried out by 10 experienced clinical psychologists for the cultural relevance of the scale. In phase III, a pilot study was carried out on 20 participants for testing the layout of the bullying victimisation scale (BVS). In the final phase, a total of 780 participants were selected through a multi-stage sampling within the age range of 12–18 years (M = 14.78, SD = 1.33) and were given a demographic Proforma, BVS, and School Children Problem Scale. Factor analysis identified a three-factor solution for bullying victimisation, consisting of emotional bullying, verbal bullying, and physical bullying. The current findings have implications for psychological and educational professionals for the identification and management of social and emotional problems in children resulting from bullying victimisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractObjectiveDesignStudy SampleResultsConclusionsThis study aimed to gather opinions and establish consensus among audiologists and patients on supporting individuals with mental health concerns in audiology settings.Utilising a modified electronic Delphi survey, a panel of 25 experts engaged in three rounds of data collection over 12 weeks. Participants provided open-text responses in Round 1 describing “clinical practices that can be employed to support to patients presenting with mental health concerns”, and the research team combined these with relevant clinical practices from literature searches. In subsequent rounds, panellists then rated their level of agreement with the combined list of statements; individually (Round 2) and again after seeing the panel’s collated responses (Round 3).Panel experts included 11 patients (adults with hearing loss; Mage 73.8 years) and 14 audiologists (with M 11.8 years of experience working in audiology).Consensus was met for 123 items categorised into: Detection, Education, Effective Communication, Provision of Emotional Support, Personal Qualities and Attitudes of the Audiologist, Interventions, Connecting the Patient to Additional Support Services, Normal Processes that are Especially Important in these Cases, and Organisational Considerations.The study highlights the diversity of approaches audiologists can employ to support patients with mental health concerns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Determinants of health are important drivers of health states, yet there is little work examining their role in the relationship between HIV stigma and health. This study uses moderation analysis to examine how determinants of health affect the relationship between enacted, internalized, and anticipated stigma and mental health. Quantitative data was collected on 337 participants in Ontario, Canada at baseline (t1) between August 2018 and September 2019 and at follow-up (t2) between February 2021 and October 2021. Separate moderation models were created with each determinant of health (age, gender, sexual orientation, ethnicity, geographic region, education, employment, and basic needs) acting as the moderator between types of stigma at t1 and mental health at t2. Age was a significant moderator for the relationship between internalized and enacted stigma at t1 and mental health at t2. Region was a moderator for enacted and anticipated stigma and mental health. Sexual orientation was a moderator for anticipated stigma and mental health. Lastly, having basic needs was a moderator for enacted and anticipated stigma and mental health. Our findings suggest that intervention strategies may be more effective by incorporating supports for these determinants of health in addition to stigma reduction to improve mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Residential location can significantly impact the mental health, wellbeing, and community involvement of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer/questioning (LGBTQ) young people. While research has explored geographical differences in LGBTQ adult wellbeing, limited knowledge exists regarding LGBTQ young people’s experiences. Using a large Australian cross-sectional survey of 6,620 LGBTQ individuals aged 14–21, this study examined the associations between residential location and wellbeing outcomes. Findings revealed that LGBTQ young people in rural and remote areas reported higher levels of psychological distress. Cisgender young people in rural areas experienced more verbal and physical harassment, while those in inner-suburban areas faced increased sexual harassment. Participants were also particularly vulnerable to experiencing homelessness when living in regional towns and rural and remote areas. Trans young people were more likely to attend LGBTQ events in inner-suburban areas. These results emphasize the need for policy changes to foster diversity and inclusion in rural areas, along with targeted support services to enhance the mental health and wellbeing of LGBTQ young people. Understanding the unique experiences of LGBTQ young people across different residential locations is vital, calling for tailored interventions and support in all settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aims were to translate the Evaluation of Daily Activity Questionnaire (EDAQ) into Turkish, then test validity and reliability in people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Turkey. Material and Methods: Phase 1: The EDAQ was forward and backward translated, culturally adapted following cognitive debriefing interviews with participants with RA (n = 10) and finalized by an expert committee. Phase 2: Participants (n = 215) completed a questionnaire including the EDAQ, Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), and Short-Form 36 v1 (SF-36v1). Two weeks later, the EDAQ was again completed for test–retest reliability (n = 82:38%). Internal construct validity was assessed using Rasch analysis. Internal consistency, concurrent validity, and test–retest reliability were assessed. Results: Following cultural adaptation, one item was removed, and examples increased or changed. Cronbach's α values were 0.71 − 0.93 for all EDAQ domains, that is, acceptable to good. The EDAQ met Rasch model requirements for fit (excellent construct validity: p > 0.05). Concurrent validity was moderate to strong for most EDAQ domains with HAQ (rs 0.49–0.81) and SF-36-v1 Physical Function (rs 0.42–0.70). There was excellent test–retest reliability for all domains (ICC (2,1): 0.95–1.00). Conclusion: The Turkish EDAQ is a valid, reliable measure of daily activity ability for use in practice and research with Turkish speakers with RA. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION: The Evaluation of Daily Activity Questionnaire provides a comprehensive evaluation of daily activity ability for people with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases. The Turkish Evaluation of Daily Activity Questionnaire is a valid, reliable patient-reported outcome measure in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, who considered it easy to complete. The Turkish Evaluation of Daily Activity Questionnaire is suitable for use in clinical practice and research to evaluate daily activity ability in people with rheumatoid arthritis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To determine prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints (MSCs) in adults with major congenital upper limb differences (CoULD) compared to able-bodied controls, and to examine associations of MSCs and disability with various biopsychosocial factors. Materials and methods: Questionnaire-based cross-sectional study assessing MSCs, disability (using the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire (DASH)), general and mental health status, physical work demands, and upper extremity range of motion. Results: Seventy-one individuals with CoULD (participation rate: 41%) and 71 controls matched on age, gender, and education were included (49% female, mean age 28.9 years). Year prevalence of MSCs was significantly higher in the CoULD group (35%) than in the control group (18%). The CoULD group was less often employed and had lower scores on all measures of upper limb range of motion and hand grip. MSCs were associated with higher DASH scores and higher reported work demands. Disability was associated with female gender, more joints with limited range of motion, unemployment, and lower general and mental health. Factors associated with disability did not differ between groups. Conclusions: MSCs are a frequent problem in young adults with major CoULD. To prevent or reduce MSC and disability, clinicians and researchers should be aware of the associated factors. Implications for rehabilitation: The year prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints (MSCs) in those with major congenital upper limb differences (CoULD) was approximately double to that of the control group, implying a potential relationship between CoULD and MSCs. Rehabilitation professionals should develop personalized strategies to manage work demands in those with CoULD, considering the association between MSCs and higher reported work demands. Recognizing the impact of a negatively perceived body image on mental health, clinicians should integrate psychological counseling into rehabilitation treatments to support mental well-being and improve overall quality of life in those with CoULD. Rehabilitation professionals should educate individuals with CoULD about the potential associations between upper limb work demands, MSCs, and disability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractMany studies have documented the effect that colonisation has had on takatāpui, that is, Māori (the Indigenous peoples of New Zealand) with diverse gender identities, sex characteristics and sexualities. In this paper, we explore whether current Aotearoa New Zealand (hereafter Aotearoa) mental health policies meet the needs of takatāpui. We identified five mental health policy needs, informed by the literature. We then explored policy documents from government ministries, district health boards and non-government organisations to see the extent to which policy met these needs. Four themes were present in the literature analysed: an overall lack of acknowledgment of takatāpui and intersectionality; promising engagement with the needs of takatāpui by NGOs; symbolic commitment to Te Tiriti o Waitangi; and some limited engagement with Māori health models. The findings show promise in some areas but demonstrate a lack of engagement by policy to meet the needs of takatāpui. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ObjectiveMethodsResultsConclusionsTo assess the effectiveness of a psychoeducational intervention program (PIP) compared to standard attention in reducing caregiver burden after the intervention (at 4 months) and at follow-up (at 8 months).A multicenter, evaluator-blind, randomized controlled trial. The experimental group received a PIP intervention consisting of 10 weekly group sessions, while the control group received standard attention. The primary outcome was measured as the change scores from baseline on the caregiver’s burden (ZBI). The secondary outcomes evaluated included caregiver mental health (GHQ-28), anxiety (STAI), and depression (CES-D). Trial registration: ISRCTN16513116.The sample comprised 76 informal caregivers (41 allocated in the intervention condition and 35 in the control). The caregiver’s burden (ZBI) did not show significant differences between groups at 4 months or 8 months. There were favorable and significant changes in the caregiver’s mental health (GHQ) and depression (CES-D) at 4 months in the PIP group. There were no significant differences between groups in anxiety during the trial.The PIP intervention group reported positive effects on general mental health and depression after the intervention but not at follow-up. We need more studies which interventions follow expert recommendations and can sustain positive results over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BackgroundMethodsResultsConclusionRecovery Colleges (RCs) are educational hubs that offer a distinct approach to mental health and wellbeing, fostering inclusive learning opportunities. This study aimed to investigate Australian media representations of RCs and discusses how these representations may influence overall community awareness and acceptance of RCs.Australian online and print news articles on RCs were identified using key words and extracted from two databases: (i) Google News and (ii) Factiva. Content analysis was used to summarise key characteristics of media articles and framing theory informed the identification of news frames.Twenty–three news articles were included. Most were published in local or regional news outlets. Mental health was mentioned in most articles (n = 22), with the majority contextualising RCs as an alternative approach to mental health and recovery through education and participation. The sentiment in the articles was positive, however deficit language was still evident. Human interest and responsibility framing was common.Media coverage highlighted a role for RCs in promoting mental wellbeing through education and participation. However, key elements of their functioning, such as co–production or the role of people with lived experience were less visible. Greater engagement with media outlets to increase awareness and understanding of the individual and community benefits of RCs are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We sought to identify patterns of psychedelic use among United States military veterans, compare demographic variables and perspectives of those who did and did not report use, and characterize benefits and adverse outcomes associated with use. Respondents (N = 426) were recruited to complete an online cross-sectional survey. Approximately one-half (51%) reported using psychedelics. Most did so for healing/treatment (70%) and/or spiritual purposes (48%), and most (85%) reported benefiting from use. Those who used psychedelics reported they would be more likely to use VA services (p < .001, d = 0.64) and to return to the VA for care (p < .001, d = 0.79) if psychedelic therapy was offered. Almost two-thirds (59%) reported adverse outcomes associated with use. Equivalent proportions rated their psychedelic experiences as beneficial among those who did (89%) and did not (81%) report adverse outcomes. Fewer adverse outcomes were associated with being older, using psilocybin, feeling prepared and confident in the reasons for use, being in a comfortable setting, and being able to “trust, let go, and be open” (Rc = 0.77; p < .001). Psychedelics may offer benefits but may also lead to adverse outcomes without proper preparation and support. Future research should examine the utility of psychedelic-based approaches for veteran mental health care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This small-scale study compares stakeholders’ perspectives regarding what makes a successful whole-school Mental Health Intervention. Four study groups were included from an all-ability coeducational secondary school in south-east England: Students (n = 8), Teachers (n = 5), School-Leaders (n = 3), and YMCA Youth Workers (n = 3). Students took part in a focus group whereas the adult groups participated in semi-structured interviews. Subsequently, all participants ranked potential aspects of what might make a successful whole school Mental Health Intervention. No theme was mentioned consistently across the four groups, suggesting a diversity of perspectives regarding the benefits of Mental Health Interventions. All participants, except teachers, valued student involvement, a feature confirmed by the literature. Teachers occasionally adopted misinformed perspectives – arguably a result of insufficient training. Generally, participants’ job roles informed their responses. However, a loose trend existed whereby School-Leaders’ results were more aligned to an external charity association – the Young Men’s Christian Association (YMCA) – than Teachers’ despite the fact that the Teachers and School Leaders worked in the same context. Although the single context and small sample sizes for this research compromise generalisability, there are clear recommendations to inform future studies and for those who are leading and providing whole-school Mental Health Interventions. This study is set within the political and policy contexts of a competitive, market drive English education system and can comment on the wider system within which this intervention nests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractBackgroundMethodsResultsConclusionPediatric cancer is associated with stressors that increase the risk for distress across family members. Psychosocial support varies and may not meet family needs and preferences. This study investigated family members’ points of view regarding psychosocial service needs, as a first step of a large participative research project aiming to develop interventions grounded in key stakeholders’ perspectives.This study documented the perceptions of 370 parents, 11 siblings, and 60 individuals who themselves had received a cancer diagnosis as a child and employed a mixed-methods design through an online survey.Respondents indicated their key concerns were coping with intense emotions, accepting their feelings toward the diagnosis, and managing the psychological burden that accompanies cancer, its treatment, and associated life changes.The results suggest that an intervention program should address emotion management as well as interventions focusing on the entire family system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractHispanic persons in the United States (US) experienced a disproportionate proportion of adverse health consequences during the pandemic and are a well-established tobacco disparities population. The tendency to worry is one individual difference cognitive-affective construct that is important to smoking behavior and stress-related experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, there is limited understanding of COVID-19 worry in terms of smoking processes among Hispanic persons who smoke during the pandemic. The present investigation examined if COVID-19 worry during the pandemic (February 2021-July 2021) was associated with several processes linked to the maintenance and relapse of smoking among Hispanic persons who smoke. Participants included 337 Hispanic persons who smoke (≥5 cigarettes per day; Mage = 35.5 years old, 37.3% identified as female). Results indicated that in adjusted models covarying for the effects of sex, age, highest level of education, nativity, average number of cigarettes smoked per day, hazardous drinking, drug use problems, and depression, COVID-19 worry was related to increased risk of cigarette dependence, perceived barriers for quitting smoking, and more severe problems when trying to quit. These data are the first to identify an association between heightened COVID-19 worry and risk processes related to the maintenance and relapse of smoking among the Hispanic population in the US. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractIn many applications of multivariate longitudinal mixed models, it is reasonable to assume that each response is informed by only a subset of covariates. Moreover, one or more responses may exhibit the same relationship to a particular covariate e.g., if they are capturing the same underlying aspect of an individual physical, mental, and emotional health. To address the above challenges, we propose a method for simultaneous clustering and variable selection of fixed effect coefficients in multivariate mixed models. We achieve this in a computationally scalable manner via a composite likelihood approach: separate mixed models are first fitted to each response, after which the model estimates are combined into a single quadratic form resembling a multivariate Wald statistic. We then augment this with fusion- and sparsity-inducing penalties based on broken adaptive ridge regression. Simulation studies demonstrate that the proposed composite quadratic estimator is similar to or better than several existing techniques for fixed effects selection in (univariate) mixed models while being computationally much more efficient. We apply the proposed method to longitudinal panel data from Australia to quantify how an individual’s overall health, assessed via a set of eight composite scores, evolves as a function of various demographic and lifestyle variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sudden, unexpected loss can be particularly devastating for the bereaved as they struggle to make sense of their loss. We interviewed 11 therapists who specialized in loss/trauma about how each of them helped one client make meaning after a traumatic loss. Data, analyzed using Consensual Qualitative Research (CQR), revealed that the traumatic loss had negatively impacted clients’ relationships, mental health, and beliefs/religion/spirituality; therapists utilized a range of interventions to facilitate meaning-making, including supporting clients through the grief process, as well as helping them experience/regulate emotion and change their narratives around the loss; clients made meaning in diverse ways that could be broadly categorized under meaning-as-comprehensibility and meaning-as-significance; and clients experienced positive adjustment (in mental health, relationships, etc.) through the meaning-making work. Implications for counseling psychology research and practice are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BackgroundMethodsResultsConclusionsBelief in conspiracy theories has emerged across times and cultures. While previous accounts attributed conspiracy beliefs to mental health conditions, accumulating research suggests that conspiracy theories are common among the general population. In the present study we examined whether conspiracy mentality – that is, a general predisposition to believe conspiracy theories – differed between a group of autistic adults and a general population sample.This study included an autistic sample (n = 682) and a general population sample (n = 4358). Participants’ conspiracy mentality was measured using the Conspiracy Mentality Questionnaire (CMQ).A one-way ANCOVA (controlling for participants’ age, gender, educational level, and ethnicity) revealed no difference in conspiracy mentality between an autism and a community sample.The current study suggests that being autistic, or having more autistic traits, does not predict conspiracy mentality. These findings underscore that autism does not predispose people to conspiracy theories and suggest that autism is neither a risk factor for, nor a protective factor against, conspiracy mentality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through a review of current literature and by providing statistics regarding mental health and its impact on people, this article emphasizes the critical role of reference librarians in supporting mental health and wellness within the different types of communities they serve. Furthermore, the article highlights the global and national context of mental health, stressing the importance of understanding this background for librarians to better meet the health and wellness needs of the communities they serve. The author summarizes recent wellness initiatives by various types of libraries to serve as an inspiration for librarians considering implementing new wellness efforts. The historical role of libraries in supporting mental health, including through the practice of bibliotherapy and how that role has expanded over time, is also shared. The author advocates for librarians and library workers to pursue professional development that is specific to trauma-informed librarianship and related areas. Special emphasis is placed on reference librarians and library workers becoming certified in Mental Health First Aid. The author also recommends resources from library science literature that emphasize the need for whole-person librarianship, the importance of librarians and library workers’ mutual support for each other, and other relevant topics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ObjectiveMethodResultsDiscussionThis study investigates an integrated approach to training higher education students for mental health work by exploring the experiences of undergraduate psychology students completing a Certificate IV in Mental Health during their degree.Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 8 undergraduate psychology students, in which participants were asked about their experiences, knowledge and skills gained through their course, and career aspirations on course completion. Data were analysed using a reflexive thematic analysis.Seven themes were identified ‘Rewarding challenge’, ‘Working with people’, ‘Understanding mental health’, ‘Value of skills’, ‘Psychologist-as-calling’, ‘Testing/Affirming/Broadening’, and ‘Theory-Practice’. Participants reported increased knowledge and skills concerning working within a mental health context. They also reported that completing the Certificate IV in Mental Health affirmed their career aspirations to work in the mental health sector as a general mental health professional or as a psychologist.Although the benefits to students are clear, exploring this approach as a means to train mental health workers to meet existing service gaps merits further discussion. These findings have implications for using integrated qualifications as a training model for the mental health workforce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractBackground: Although health anxiety is broadly related to the overutilization of healthcare, limited research has examined this relation among individuals with substance use disorders (SUDs), or the extent to which racial/ethnic differences influence this relationship. Objectives: The purpose of the current study is to examine the moderating role of racial/ethnic minoritized background in the relationship between health anxiety and treatment utilization among individuals with SUDs. In the present study, patients with SUDs receiving residential treatment in Mississippi (N=118; 62% racial/ethnic minoritized status, 35.6% White) completed a measure of health anxiety and answered questions about past mental health, physical health, and substance use treatment. Regression models examined whether racial/ethnic minoritized status (White vs. racial/ethnic minoritized status) moderated the relation of health anxiety to treatment utilization among patients with SUDs. Treatment utilization was examined by asking whether participants had seen a doctor or mental health provider, engaged in substance use treatment, or alcohol treatment prior to their current treatment (dichotomous), as well as the number of times they had engaged in each treatment (physical health, mental health, substance use, and alcohol treatment) in the past year (continuous). Results: Results revealed that the facets of health anxiety involving concerns about pain and disease phobia were positively associated with treatment utilization, but only among racial/ethnic minoritized participants, with concerns about pain positively associated with self-reported physical health treatment utilization (OR=0.70, 95% CI=0.50; 0.97) and disease phobia positively associated with past mental health (B = 0.36, p = 0.023) and alcohol use treatment (B=-0.23, p=.009). Conversely, disease phobia was related to less prior alcohol use treatment among White participants (B=-0.23, p=.009). Conclusions: Overall, among patients in residential treatment for SUDs, racial/ethnic minoritized participants with SUDs reported more health anxiety compared to white participants, and certain facets of health anxiety (i.e., concerns about pain and worry about severe illness) were linked to heightened treatment utilization among racial/ethnic minoritized individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractBangladesh is making strides in supporting mental health needs by incorporating occupational therapy into rehabilitation care. Despite challenges like social stigma and limited resources, a shift toward a socio-humanistic approach is underway. Occupational therapy practitioners have set up a mental health day treatment service to help individuals transition from hospitals to the community, focusing on daily living skills and meaningful activities. Integrating mental health day treatment service with government psychiatric hospitals and improving rehabilitation and home care follow-up can significantly enhance support for people with mental health needs in low-resource settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a legal duty of confidentiality on the part of nurses working in mental health care. Nonetheless, it may be necessary to release some information if a patient is assessed as posing a potential credible risk, to protect the patient or others from harm. However, contemporary research literature reveals gaps in nurses’ knowledge and practice, with respect to sharing patients’ confidential information. The aim of this study was to understand potential causal factors for these knowledge and practice gaps, so they can be addressed. A theoretical thematic analysis of focus-group data was undertaken. Findings indicated nurses had limited knowledge of confidentiality. Additionally, participants described a paucity of support networks nurses could approach for information. Participants also emphasised their perception that health services unrealistically expected them to always identify and manage patient risk. In summarising these findings, recommendations for interventions to address these knowledge and practice gaps are outlined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Decision-making processes are vulnerable to cognitive biases like hindsight bias, with particularly fateful consequences in forensic contexts. However, while debiasing strategies have been effective in various areas, their impact in forensics is underexplored. We investigated hindsight bias and a simple awareness-based debiasing strategy in novices (n = 52) and forensic professionals (n = 49). Participants were assigned to baseline, biased, or debiased conditions and rated an offender’s risk of re-offending using case vignettes. Significant hindsight bias was found in novices, but not experts who were also more aware of biases. Debiasing proved effective in novices, indicating that raising awareness may enhance equitable forensic decision-making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

People with cancer experience higher rates of psychological dysfunction than the general population, with extreme inequity among indigenous people. Psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) is a reemerging area with promising evidence as a treatment for mental health difficulties. The current study aimed to investigate the perceptions of PAT in indigenous (Māori) and non-indigenous cancer patients in Aotearoa, New Zealand. Eighty-five cancer patients (Māori n = 32, non-Māori n = 53) completed a brief anonymous survey assessing demographics, psychological factors, and awareness and perceptions of PAT. Participants were recruited online (via social media and cancer support e-mail lists) and in person at Auckland City Hospital. Maori had significantly poorer psychological well-being than non-Māori. All participants had low awareness of this novel treatment and held largely neutral attitudes. Regression analyses revealed that predictors of more favorable attitudes toward PAT included greater awareness of psychedelics, advanced cancer stage, younger age, poorer holistic well-being, greater demoralization, and prioritizing treatment effectiveness over possible risks and uncertainty. The current study provides a foundational step in exploring perceptions toward PAT in indigenous and non-indigenous groups. These results have the potential to shape future research trials investigating PAT and further highlight the importance of indigenous involvement in the psychedelic research space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractObjective: Mental health of college students is a matter of concern, and counseling centers have experienced a surge in demand and strain on capacity to provide services. This study explored the efficacy of a novel, nature-informed stress management curriculum entitled The Ecology of Resilience delivered via a for-credit general education course. The goals were a more favorable perception of stress and increased sense of bouncing back from stress (resilience). Participants: One hundred fifty-seven junior- and senior-level undergraduates participated in a project spanning three semesters from January 2022 to April 2023. Methods: The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) were employed in a pretest/post-test arrangement. Results: PSS scores decreased significantly and BRS scores increased significantly for students enrolled in the course versus a control group. Conclusions: Curricula like the Ecology of Resilience, presented within the contexts of for-credit academic courses, are viable options for addressing student mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While mental disorders have been broadly researched in people with intellectual disabilities (ID), comparatively less attention has been given to the conceptualisation of good mental health for this population. To capture existing concepts, definitions and measurement approaches of good mental health a systematic literature review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. The search was carried out in eleven databases, using various synonyms of (i) intellectual disability, (ii) mental health, (iii) wellbeing, (iv) definition, and (v) assessment. A total of 2,046 datasets were identified, of which 37 met the inclusion criteria and were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis and content analysis. Results show four main themes: (1) environment, (2) absence of mental illness, (3) physical health, and (4) psychosocial functioning. The fourth was the most dominant theme and was further divided into five sub-themes: (1) emotionality, (2) interpersonal relations, (3) realise own potential, (4) personal resources, and (5) overall appraisal of life. Our findings reveal different conceptualisations of wellbeing, which is a vital part of good mental health, but highlight a notable research gap in the actual definition and conceptualisation of good mental health for people with ID. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractPurposeMaterials and methodsResultsConclusions\nIMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONFemale carers of stroke survivors may experience increased risk of developing chronic health issues, such as cardiovascular disease. This study aims to understand: (i) how female carers of stroke survivors manage their mental and cardiovascular health and (ii) the characteristics they would find helpful in an intervention to support their ability to manage their health and wellbeing.A qualitative descriptive design was used with data collected via semi-structured interviews and analysed using inductive thematic analysis.Eighteen female carers of stroke survivors participated in the study. Three key themes were identified: (i) struggling to prioritise own health and wellbeing; (ii) new roles and responsibilities impact on self-care; and (iii) peer-support improves mental health and well-being. Carers described preferences for group interventions to include peer support and have flexible delivery to allow easy access to information. One-to-one sessions with different health professionals may also be useful at times through the caregiving journey.These findings suggest that current interventions do not address cardiovascular risk self-management for female carers and provide insight into characteristics of interventions that may increase acceptability and feasibility of interventions to support long-term cardiovascular and mental health-promoting behaviours.Female carers of stroke survivors report poor mental health and well-being outcomes and may be at a higher risk of developing chronic health issues.Female carers report difficulty engaging in healthy lifestyle choices particularly those targeting diet and exercise and struggle to adapt to new caregiving roles and responsibilities impact on self-care.Female carers also believed that an intervention incorporating peer support, educational resources, and convenient access to health professionals in a flexible manner would support them in addressing their long-term health and well-being.Female carers of stroke survivors report poor mental health and well-being outcomes and may be at a higher risk of developing chronic health issues.Female carers report difficulty engaging in healthy lifestyle choices particularly those targeting diet and exercise and struggle to adapt to new caregiving roles and responsibilities impact on self-care.Female carers also believed that an intervention incorporating peer support, educational resources, and convenient access to health professionals in a flexible manner would support them in addressing their long-term health and well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An emerging practice amongst lawyers in England and Wales is the use of clinical supervision, as used by counsellors and psychotherapists. This is a very different type of supervision to that traditionally used by lawyers. It is reflective and relational in nature. It aims to support safe, competent and ethical practice, and to contribute to sustainability, support and resilience including in relation to vicarious trauma and burnout. This study uses interviews with lawyers who are using clinical supervision to understanding why it is being sought, how it might be working and what its impacts are. The interviews provide an opportunity to examine interpersonal dynamics of lawyering. The study explores how supervision allows lawyers to develop their understanding of themselves in relation to others, their boundaries and legal professional skills, and how supervision can contribute to the best interests of the client, and to a lawyer’s career sustainability and wellbeing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using data from Proyecto SALTO, a 15-year follow-up study of a cohort of Mexican American women in a low-income community in San Antonio, Texas, this study examines emerging patterns of current methamphetamine (MA) use, including opioid co-use, among this understudied population. A bivariate analysis compared individuals with and without current MA use and identified sociodemographic correlates and co-occurring mental health and substance use. A secondary analysis compared those with current MA use, opioid use, and concurrent MA and opioid use. Nineteen percent of the sample had current MA use. MA use was associated with having a lower income (OR = 7.04–1.93, SE = 1.59–5.46), residential instability (OR = 5.19, SE = 1.99), and suicidal ideation (OR = 2.62, SE = 0.93). Participants with MA use had more than four times the odds of using opioids than those without MA use. Women with concurrent MA and opioid use differed in sociodemographics and behavioral risks compared to those with only MA or only opioid use. These findings explore the social, mental health, and structural inequities that exacerbate risks and harms associated with high-risk substance use among marginalized Latino populations. Prevention and intervention strategies should adopt a holistic approach that considers and addresses polysubstance use, mental health, and the sociocultural contexts in which individuals live. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although newborn intensive care (NICU) research highlights the mental health and support needs of parents, a majority of the research and interventions focus on the needs of the mother. Engaging and partnering with male caregivers (like female caregivers) in the care of their NICU infants yields positive health outcomes for the infant and better mental health outcomes for the father. Yet there are few articles about male NICU caregiving experiences, and scant articles exploring the mental health and support needs of Black NICU fathers. Utilizing two case studies of Black fathers, this paper will identify their mental health needs. This article will outline and integrate the Recommendation for Psychosocial Support of NICU Families and existing literature to these case studies. Based on their unique needs, NICU providers must do more to engage Black fathers and explore alternative models of care that are culturally aware for psychosocial support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This autoethnographic study, "Crossroads of Care: A Black Social Worker's Insights into the Lives of Black Men from Adolescence to Adulthood," explores the intersections of race, education, and mental health throughout the life course of Black men. Drawing on varied professional and personal experiences – from providing telehealth services for college students to being a resource within a predominantly Black high school – the research illuminates systemic barriers and profound effects of marginalization and isolation. Emphasizing evidence-based social work interventions and culturally relevant care, the study underscores the importance of narrative therapy and self-disclosure in addressing Black men's multifaceted needs. The findings contribute to discussions on racial equity in mental health and education, offering actionable recommendations for practitioners, policymakers, and educators to strengthen support systems. Advocating for a comprehensive care model, this research endeavors to empower Black men across various life milestones, enhancing well-being by addressing the complexities of race, education, and mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides an overview of the multifaceted landscape of mental health among Black men, shedding light on the unique challenges they face. Black men in the United States confront a complex interplay of sociocultural, historical, and economic factors that influence their mental well-being. This article synthesizes existing research and explores the disparities in mental health outcomes among Black men, delving into the stigmatization of mental health within this community. It also examines the role of systemic racism, socioeconomic factors, and cultural norms in shaping the mental health experiences of Black men. The abstract highlights the importance of culturally competent and community-driven interventions, offering insights into potential strategies to address these disparities. By recognizing the specific issues affecting mental health among Black men, this research contributes to the broader discourse on mental health equity. It underscores the imperative of tailored approaches to support the well-being of this demographic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mental illness is a significant public health concern prevalent in America. Over one in five U.S. adults are affected, yet less than half receive treatment. Among African Americans, only one in three seek treatment with statically lower rates among Black males. Therefore, an accurate diagnosis is crucial for appropriate treatment, while misdiagnosis leads to stigma, discrimination, and untreated illness. This paper examines the implications of misdiagnosing trauma responses in Black men, highlighting systemic biases that impede suitable care and perpetuate negative narratives. The authors propose a conceptual framework incorporating historical trauma, discrimination, and traumatic stress reactions, emphasizing the need for cultural competence and humility. This framework involves public narratives that influence perceptions and judgments, reviewing research evidence, advocating for competent trauma assessments, community empowerment, and future research directions. This paper underscores the importance of understanding and addressing the unique challenges Black men face in mental health diagnosis and treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Black men need safe spaces to express emotions free from bias and stigma. They have been underserved in emotional support due to systemic inequalities. Creating nurturing environments can empower Black men to heal from trauma. Stigma plays a crucial role in their reluctance to seek mental health treatment. This research uses a qualitative approach, combining an action research methodology with a generic qualitative inquiry. This study was conducted to answer the following research question: How can social workers and barbers collaborate to address the stigma of mental health treatment among Black men better? In this study, five social workers, five barbers, and five social work supervisors were interviewed to collect data for the study. Audio recordings were transcribed, and thematic analysis was used to analyze the interview data. Several key themes emerged: (a) collaboration strategies, (b) barbershops as safe spaces, (c) overcoming stigma, (d) cultural competence, and (e) challenges and barriers. The research study produced a pamphlet aimed at raising awareness of mental health stigma's impact on Black men. The implications for the study highlight that partnerships between social workers and barbers can play a pivotal role in dismantling stereotypes and barriers associated with mental health issues among Black men, fostering a cultural shift toward greater mental well-being, acceptance, and understanding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to understand how masculinity and race impact mental health among Black male graduate students. A qualitative study using in-depth interviews recruited Black male graduate students enrolled at a private university in the southern United States. Data were collected over zoom and recorded. Interviews were transcribed and the data were analyzed for similar themes. Twenty-nine Black male graduate students 23 to 51 were recruited. Participants reported the three main elements that impacted their mental health were (1) expectations, (2) pressure, and (3) being strong. These findings suggest that colleges need to develop programming to help Black men learn how to handle racial discrimination in positive ways. Additionally, findings also highlight the need for culturally relevant mental health services that let Black men know seeking help is ok and is what men do. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The parenting literature has established the coparenting relationship as central to the parenting behaviors and outcomes of men. The construct of coparenting encompasses supportive efforts among individuals that facilitate the rearing of children and unsupportive actions that can undermine parenting efforts (Merrifield & Gamble, 2013). Few studies have examined undermining coparenting as an experience that shapes Black men's health outcomes. In this study, we apply the social determinants of health framework to examine the impact of Black fathers' perceptions of undermining coparenting on their self-reported ratings of mental and physical health. Using a nationally representative sample of Black men (n = 255), correlational analyses revealed perceptions of undermining coparenting to be a significant predictor of higher levels of anger and poorer perceptions of physical health. These relationships were found to be mediated by depressive symptoms and moderated by restrictive emotionality. It is recommended that the negative impact of undermining coparenting on health be considered as a potential comorbidity contributing to negative health outcomes for Black men. This study adds to the literature on coparenting, Black men's health, and Black fatherhood more generally and urges policymakers and practitioners to consider undermining as an often overlooked, but significant, social determinant of health impacting the well-being of Black men. We also offer recommendations for promoting Black men's health by educating families on the effects of undermining and offering the supports necessary for achieving positive coparenting dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social support and empowerment are central to health and wellbeing. Besides, social support is often the primary means to help students improve their mental health and accomplish empowerment. However, military academies are an atypical form of tertiary education. Is social support still beneficial for military cadets to accomplish empowerment? Or does empowerment influence the extent of social support a person receives? This study sought to examine the reciprocal relationships between social support and empowerment in military academies, as well as to examine the sex differences in this model. A longitudinal panel survey of military cadets was carried out from the years 2019 to 2021. A crosslagged path model design was used on a sample of military cadets (N = 898) measured on three occasions one year apart. The results suggested that no cross-lagged associations between social support and empowerment. The three-year panel data consistently showed that social support does not enhance military cadets' empowerment, whereas empowerment significantly influences their perceived social support. Furthermore, there were no sex differences in this model. Finally, the findings informed practitioners and future research could be pay attention to the particularity in military settings, in order to provide adequate interventions and services for military cadets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Veterans in the transition stage out of the military have an increased risk for negative mental health outcomes and suicide. Previous research has found that finding and retaining employment is the most challenging post-service adjustment for veterans. Job loss may have a greater impact on mental health for veterans than for civilians due to the myriad challenges often faced when transitioning to the civilian workplace, as well as preexisting vulnerabilities that are common among veterans such as trauma exposure or service-related injuries. Previous studies have demonstrated that low Future Self-Continuity (FSC), which refers to the sense of "psychological connectedness" that a person has between their present and future selves, has also been associated with the abovementioned mental health outcomes. 167 U.S. military veterans who exited the military 10 or fewer years prior to their participation in the study, of which 87 experienced subsequent job loss, completed a series of questionnaires to assess future self-continuity (FSC) and mental health outcomes. Results confirmed previous findings in that job loss, as well as low FSC, were individually associated with an increased risk for negative mental health outcomes. Findings suggest that FSC may act as a mediator, where levels of FSC mediate the effects of job loss on negative mental outcomes (depression, anxiety, stress, and suicidality) among veterans during their first 10 years out of the military. These findings may have implications for enhancing current clinical interventions for veterans experiencing job loss and mental health difficulties during the transition period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Centering the perspectives of youth with lived experience (YWLE) in psychopathology is critical to engaging in impactful clinical research to improve youth mental health outcomes. Over the past decade there has been a greater push in clinical science to include community members, and especially community members with lived experience, in all aspects of the research process. The goal of this editorial is to highlight the need for and importance of integrating YWLE into every stage of clinical science research, from idea generation to interpretation and dissemination of research findings. We identify five key problems associated with pursuing research on adolescent mental health without involvement of YWLE and propose strategies to overcome barriers to youth engagement in clinical science research. We conclude with a call to action, providing guidance to clinical scientists, institutions, and funding agencies in conducting research on youth psychopathology with YWLE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Publicly funded mental health services play an important role in caring for children with mental health needs, including children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study assessed the associations between individual family- and neighborhood-level sociodemographic factors and baseline family functioning and long-term outcomes when community therapists were trained to deliver An Individualized Mental Health Intervention for ASD (AIM HI). Method: Participants included 144 children with ASD (ages 5 to 13 years; 58.3% Latinx) and their caregivers whose therapists received AIM HI training within a cluster-randomized effectiveness-implementation trial in publicly funded mental health services. Sociodemographic strain (e.g., low income, less education, single-parent status, minoritized status) was coded at the individual family and neighborhood level, and caregivers rated caregiver strain at baseline. Child interfering behaviors and caregiver sense of competence were assessed at baseline and 6-, 12- and 18-months after baseline. Results: Higher caregiver strain was associated with higher intensity of child behaviors (B = 5.17, p <.001) and lower caregiver sense of competence (B = −6.59, p < 001) at baseline. Child and caregiver outcomes improved over time. Higher caregiver strain (B = 1.50, p <.001) and lower family sociodemographic strain (B = −0.58, p <.01) were associated with less improvements in child behaviors. Lower caregiver strain (B = −2.08, p <.001) and lower neighborhood sociodemographic strain (B = −0.51, p <.01) were associated with greater improvements in caregiver sense of competence. Conclusions: Findings corroborate the importance of considering both family and neighborhood context in the community delivery of child-focused EBIs. Trial registration: Clinical Trials NCT02416323. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Life satisfaction is an important component of successful aging and is known to be associated with health, well-being, and longevity. This study examines the association between children's educational attainment and life satisfaction among older parents in India while also exploring the moderating effect of the children's and parents' sex on the examined relationship. Additionally, the study aims to identify potential mediators and pathways that could explain the examined relationship. The study draws on data from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI, 2017–18) wave-1. Multivariable Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression models, incorporating interaction analyses, were employed to examine the relationship between offspring education and parental life satisfaction. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was employed to investigate potential mediators and pathways of the examined relationship. The findings reveal that a one-year increase in average offspring education was associated with a 0.18 unit increase in life satisfaction among older parents. Moreover, the interaction estimates indicate that for every unit increase in offspring education, mothers experienced a 0.05 unit higher increment in life satisfaction score compared to fathers. The SEM analysis identified health behavior, physical and mental health, food insecurity, and perceived socioeconomic status as potential mediators of the relationship between children's education and parents' life satisfaction. The study suggests that investing in higher education for the upcoming generation could yield benefits not only for the younger generation but also for the older generation as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current documented nursing faculty shortage is an important factor affecting our ability to address the nationwide nursing shortage. Occupational burnout is a common phenomenon among nurses that may negatively impact retention of nursing faculty. While research suggests that promoting resilience moderates occupational burnout and relates to occupational satisfaction in practicing nurses, very few investigations have examined resilience among nursing faculty. The purpose of this integrative review is to describe the current state of the science on resilience in nursing faculty and includes an analysis of 14 studies. Three major foci were identified in the literature: 1) descriptions of resilience levels in nursing faculty, 2) examinations of resilience based upon demographic factors, and 3) resilience and related concepts. Existing research indicates there may be demographic differences in resilience levels of nursing faculty, but additional investigation is necessary to confirm these relationships. There is evidence that quality of life (QOL), components of QOL, and support are correlated with resilience in nursing faculty but more rigorous research on these relationships is needed. Understanding more about the relationship between resilience, demographics, and associated factors will guide future development and choice of interventions tailored to promote resilience among nursing faculty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This qualitative study aimed to comprehend the psychological well-beings and available interventions of current Chinese infertile patients, as well as investigate more integrated and effective patient support interventions, if necessary. Background: It is well known that infertility is a difficult struggle. Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) provide patients with the hope of having a child, but they also cause them pain and stress. There is a dearth of research on the mental health of infertile patients, particularly in developing nations such as China. Method: Individual interviews were conducted with eight experienced clinicians at the Reproductive Medicine Center from five different hospitals. On the basis of the grounded theory, interviews were transcribed and recursively analysed with the NVivo 12 Plus software by a research team. Results: 73 categories were created, which were then grouped into 12 subthemes that were combined to form the following themes: Theme I: Psychological Distress; Theme II: Sources of Distress; Theme III: Protective Factors; and Theme IV: Interventions. Conclusions: The themes of subjective experience identified in the study reveal infertile patients' emotional disturbance and resources of distress, consistent with previous related studies. Despite limitations such as the relatively small number of participants and the exclusively self-report nature of qualitative study, the findings of the study imply the importance of emotional and physical support networks for infertile patients at Reproductive Medicine Centers, consistency of psychological awareness and adequate professional supports. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Anxiety is a prevalent mental health condition. Comparisons of one's own well-being to different aversive standards may contribute to the development and maintenance of anxiety symptoms. Objectives: Our primary goal was to investigate whether aversive well-being comparisons predict anxiety symptoms and vice versa. Additionally, we aimed at examining exploratorily whether well-being comparisons are reciprocally related to metacognitive beliefs about worrying and external control beliefs. Methods: In this two-wave longitudinal survey design, 922 participants completed measures of anxiety, metacognitions about the uncontrollability of worries, external locus of control, and the Comparison Standards Scale for Well-being (CSS-W) at two timepoints, three-months apart. The CSS-W assesses the frequency, perceived discrepancy, and affective impact of social, temporal, counterfactual, and criteria-based comparisons. Results: When autoregressive effects were adjusted for, aversive comparison frequency, comparison affective impact, and uncontrollability of worries at the first timepoint predicted subsequent anxiety symptoms. Furthermore, well-being comparison frequency and discrepancy at the second timepoint were predicted by baseline anxiety symptoms. External locus of control predicted comparison frequency and discrepancy. Conclusions: Well-being comparisons contribute distinct variance to anxiety symptoms and vice versa, pointing to a vicious cirlcle of symptom escalation. These findings have significant implications for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The present study examined the efficacy of a CogSMART-based program in improving cognitive and emotional functioning in a clinic-based sample of Veterans presenting with cognitive concerns and history of mental health diagnoses. Method: Forty Veterans (Mage = 61.2 years, 85% male) completed a weekly CogSMART-based group program as well as a battery of neuropsychological and psychological measures at both pre- and post-group evaluations. Participants met DSM-5 criteria for at least one mental health diagnosis. Results: Significant improvements on global cognition as well as measures of learning/memory and attention were observed from pre- to post-group (p <.05, cohen's d range =.48–1.01). As many as 33.3% of participants showed significant improvement, depending on the cognitive domain. Significant overall improvements were observed in depression symptoms and life satisfaction (p <.01, cohen's d =.67 and.59, respectively). Over one-third of the sample demonstrated a reliable improvement in depressive symptoms, 25% in anxiety symptoms, and 18% in life satisfaction. Conclusions: Among individuals with mental health diagnosis but without major neurocognitive disorders, CogSMART-based interventions may be an effective treatment for improving aspects of cognition, depression, and life satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Despite its wide use in dementia diagnosis on the basis of cut-off points, the inter-rater variability of the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Third Edition (ACE-III) has been poorly studied. Methods: Thirty-one healthcare professionals from an older adults' mental health team scored two ACE-III protocols based on mock patients in a computerised form. Scoring accuracy, as well as total and domain-specific scoring variability, were calculated; factors relevant to participants were obtained, including their level of experience and self-rated confidence administering the ACE-III. Results: There was considerable inter-rater variability (up to 18 points for one of the cases), and one case's mean score was significantly higher (by nearly four points) than the true score. The Fluency, Visuospatial and Attention domains had greater levels of variability than Language and Memory. Higher scoring accuracy was not associated with either greater levels of experience or higher self-confidence in administering the ACE-III. Conclusions: The results suggest that the ACE-III is susceptible to scoring error and considerable inter-rater variability, which highlights the critical importance of initial, and continued, administration and scoring training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

UK academics currently report increased workplace stress and workload, with decreased work-life balance, but often feel reluctant to disclose mental distress. We distributed an anonymous online qualitative survey to explore factors which lead academics to decide whether to disclose mental distress in the workplace. Thirty-one participants responded, providing qualitative data about institutional and psychosocial factors that informed academics' decision to disclose, supplemented by information on role position. Data was analysed thematically. Our study reports the individual struggles of academics as they manage their professional identity alongside the demands of the HEI workplace and explores the individual processes of identity conflict that leads to a re-construction of the professional identity after disclosing mental distress. Our findings reinforce the evidence that this decision occurs within the context of an increasingly business-focussed work culture of over-commitment and strain in this sector in which academics are made responsible for their own wellbeing. These findings lead us to recommend further research into disclosure using the lens of identity integration. We endorse important systemic changes by suggesting that universities need to consider factors contributing to poor mental wellbeing as structural issues, which require institutional action. Furthermore, we highlight the need for HEIs to value the hybrid identity of those who are both academics and experts-by-experience. Finally, we advocate for universities to adopt the social model of disability, which promotes inclusion and equality of opportunity for people who experience mental distress. The small study sample size makes the findings tentative, but they are nevertheless significant and intriguing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]