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In this study, for optimal power dispatch of a grid-connected micro-grid, a new stochastic model has been built up to minimize the operating cost of micro-grid that equipped with plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, renewable energy sources, and storage devices. Impact of electric vehicles on power dispatch is studied by considering its uncertainty charging characteristics. Monte–Carlo simulation is employed for uncertainty modeling. For this work, three different charging strategies are followed up, namely, uncontrolled, controlled, and smart charging strategy to observe the impact of electric vehicles on micro-grid. So, here an endeavor has been made using a potent and robust technique i.e. improved whale optimization algorithm for obtaining optimal power dispatch. The suggested method's appropriateness and effectiveness are evaluated by modeling a grid-connected micro-grid. The outcomes of this technique improve the MG's performances in terms of best solution and economic operation. On different case studies, the outcomes are compared with other methods without and with charging strategy of electric vehicles. It is seen that operating cost obtained without electric vehicles is nearly 300$ and with charging strategy, i.e. uncontrolled, controlled, and smart of electric vehicles are 664$, 390$, and 327$, respectively. So, inclusion of vehicles on MG increases operating cost but its impact on micro-grid significantly reduces the operating cost for smart charging strategy in comparison with other charging strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article investigates a novel cascaded fractional order PI-PD structure for power system stabilizers and flexible AC transmission system-based damping controllers to enhance the stability of the power system. The proposed controller parameters are optimized by a hybrid Modified Whale Optimization Algorithm (MWOA) with the Nelder-Mead algorithm. The novel hybrid algorithm accomplishes a proper balance between the exploration and exploitation phases of the modified whale optimization algorithm. This capability of the hybrid technique is certified by using the benchmark test functions compared with that of an MWOA, WOA, gravitational search algorithm, fast evolutionary programming, particle swarm optimization, genetic algorithm, and differential evolution. The proposed controller is optimized and verified under various loading conditions using a hybrid technique. Furthermore, to demonstrate its superiority, the results of the proposed hybrid algorithm are compared with recently published MWOA, WOA, and well-established genetic algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years the electric energy sector has been experiencing an extension into distributed generation, and in this context microgrids have been achieving increasing importance. Microgrids are composed of renewable and conventional generation systems, storage and distributed loads that working under a system control that could be operated in grid connected or islanded mode. However, the increasing number of renewable energy sources and distributed generators requires new strategies for the operation and management of the electricity grid in order to improve the power-supply reliability and power quality (PQ). However, power quality compensation i.e. voltage sag, swell, harmonics reduction in current and voltage waveform are the real problem in power flow between microgrid and loads. Unified power quality conditioner (UPQC) is a device which can mitigate all PQ related problem in both utility and microgrid system. In the proposed system PV/Wind/Fuel cell/Battery are connected to a common bus where different loads are connected and UPQC is integrated with the microgrid and grid to compensate PQ related problem. The simulation model of series active filter, shunt active filter, UPQC and microgrid system are design in MATLAB software and results are verified by using First Fourier Transform analysis. The study concludes with a comparison between the microgrid side disturbances and grid side disturbances, and it is observed that the harmonics in source current is reduce below 5% in all cases and also compensate the voltage sag and swell. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]