754 results
Search Results
2. Agricultural Injury Surveillance in the United States and Canada: A Systematic Literature Review.
- Author
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Li, Sihan, Raza, Mian Muhammad Sajid, and Issa, Salah
- Subjects
PUBLIC health surveillance ,SEX distribution ,PROBABILITY theory ,AGE distribution ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,WORK-related injuries ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,MEDICAL records ,ELECTRONIC health records ,QUALITY assurance ,DATA analysis software ,AGRICULTURE - Abstract
Agricultural injuries remain a major concern in North America, with a fatal injury rate of 19.5 deaths per 100,000 workers in the United States. Numerous research efforts have sought to compile and analyze records of agricultural-related injuries and fatalities at a national level, utilizing resources, ranging from newspaper clippings and hospital records to Emergency Medical System (EMS) data, death certifications, surveys, and other multiple sources. Despite these extensive efforts, a comprehensive understanding of injury trends over extended time periods and across diverse types of data sources remains elusive, primarily due to the duration of data collection and the focus on specific subsets. This systematic review, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, consolidates and analyzes agricultural injury surveillance data from 48 eligible papers published between 1985 and 2022 to offer a holistic understanding of trends and challenges. These papers, reporting an average of 25,000 injuries each, were analyzed by database source type, injury severity, nature of injury, body part, source of injury, event/exposure, and age. One key finding is that the top source of injury or event/exposure depends on the chosen surveillance system and injury severity, underscoring the need of diverse data sources for a nuanced understanding of agricultural injuries. This study provides policymakers, researchers, and practitioners with crucial insights to bolster the development and analysis of surveillance systems in agricultural safety. The overarching aim is to address the pressing issue of agricultural injuries, contributing to a safer work environment and ultimately enhancing the overall well-being of individuals engaged in agriculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Qualitative metasummary: Parents seeking support related to their TGNC children.
- Author
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Tyler, Tee R., Huddleston, Boglarka S., Barton, Taylor N., Thornton, Morgan H., Calloway, Emily T., Martin, Kimberly G., Morgan, Amber L., and Munoz, Valeria
- Subjects
PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,SOCIAL support ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,GENDER-nonconforming people ,RESEARCH funding ,THEMATIC analysis ,MEDLINE ,PARENTS ,CHILDREN - Abstract
Background: Parents seek support on behalf of their transgender and gender nonconforming (TGNC) children. Previous qualitative studies explore the types of support parents seek inside and outside of healthcare settings. Healthcare providers often remain unprepared to effectively provide gender-affirming services to TGNC children and their accompanying parents and may benefit from learning about the support seeking experiences of parents with TGNC children. Aims: This paper summarized qualitative research studies that address the topic of parents seeking support on behalf of their TGNC children. We produced this report for healthcare providers to review to enhance gender-affirming services for parents and TGNC children. Methods: This paper outlines a qualitative metasummary of studies from the United States or Canada with data collected from parents of TGNC children. Data collection included the steps of journal runs, database searches, reference checks, and area scans. Data analysis involved the steps of extracting, editing, grouping, abstracting, and calculating the intensity and frequency effect sizes for finding statements from qualitative research study articles. Results: The results of this metasummary yielded two primary themes, six subthemes, and 24 total findings. The first primary theme of seeking guidance had three subthemes: educational resources, community networks, and advocacy efforts. The second primary theme of seeking healthcare had three subthemes: healthcare providers, mental healthcare, and general healthcare. Discussion: These findings provide information healthcare providers can use to inform their practice. These findings also highlight the importance of providers working collaboratively with parents when serving TGNC children. This article concludes with practical tips for providers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Foreign Policy Reviews and Canada's Trade Policy: 1968-2009.
- Author
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Gecelovsky, Paul and Kukucha, ChristopherJ.
- Subjects
COMMERCIAL policy ,CANADA-United States commerce ,CANADIAN foreign relations, 1945- ,FOREIGN relations of the United States -- 1865- ,CANADIAN politics & government, 1945- ,NORTH American Free Trade Agreement - Abstract
Governments, upon assuming office, most often seek to refocus foreign policy according to the preferences of the new prime minister and the primary means of accomplishing this has been to release a white paper outlining the priorities of the new government. This article will demonstrate that discussions of trade issues reinforce existing studies questioning the innovation and impact of white papers. The purpose of this analysis, however, is not to dwell on the utility of white papers and foreign policy reviews but instead search for a deeper understanding of why trade policy is discussed in an unoriginal and superficial manner. The focus of the article is on the period from 1968 to the present. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Displaced academics: intended and unintended consequences of the changing landscape of teacher education.
- Author
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Kosnik, Clare, Menna, Lydia, and Dharamshi, Pooja
- Subjects
TEACHER educators ,EDUCATION policy ,PROFESSIONAL education ,ADULTS - Abstract
Given the intense politicisation of education, many teacher educators are caught in the cross-hairs of government's reform agendas, university expectations and student teacher needs. This paper reports on a study of 28 literacy teacher educators in four countries (Canada, US, Australia and England). This paper reports on the broad question: How is politics affecting literacy teacher educators? Three specific aspects are considered: their pedagogies, identity and well-being. It describes how their pedagogy (goals and teaching strategies) has narrowed because of mandated curriculum and exit exams. It shows how their identity as academics is being complicated because they often do not have time for their research. And their well-being is compromised because of excessive external inspections and as their community in the university splinters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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6. The Structure and Development of Polar Research (1981-2007): a Publication-Based Approach.
- Author
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Aksnes, Dag W. and Hessen, Dag O.
- Subjects
POLAR research ,BIBLIOGRAPHICAL citations ,REPORT writing - Abstract
The present article explores the structure of and recent developments in research activities in the polar regions. Based on a bibliographic study of published papers indexed in the ISI Web of Science during the period 1981-2007, we have analyzed trends in publication, scientific disciplines and subdisciplines, coauthorship, and international collaboration within the field of polar research. We have uncovered several rather striking trends. Scientific output in terms of refereed publications has increased far more rapidly in polar research compared to science in general, quadrupling rather than doubling over the surveyed period. There is a nearly 1:1 ratio between papers covering the Arctic relative to the Antarctic, with the vast majority within either the geosciences (40%) or biology (33%). There has been particularly a steep rise in the number of climate-related papers. The U.S.A. is by far the largest contributor to polar research on both the Arctic and the Antarctic, followed by Canada, the U.K., Germany, Norway, and Russia. The number of coauthored papers has grown markedly, reflecting geopolitical shifts and changing national and international funding priorities during the period. We believe our publication-based survey reveals interesting developments in scientific activities and international cooperation in general, and in polar science strategies and priorities in particular. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
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7. United as one: the 2026 FIFA Men's World Cup hosting vision and the symbolic politics of legacy.
- Author
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Beissel, Adam Scott and Kohe, Geoffery Z.
- Subjects
FIFA World Cup ,SPORTS events ,FOOTBALL - Abstract
Rationale/Purpose: In June 2018 FIFA awarded the 2026 Men's Football World Cup tournament to a transnational bid comprising the United States, Canada and Mexico. We explore this moment of historical conjuncture to understand the interplay of football, SME processes, geopolitical symbolism, and legacy craft. Design/Methodology/Approach: Drawing on a critical document analysis of bid material, media reports, economic analysis, and secondary evaluation, we analyse how the United As One bid's core legacy tenets of certainty, opportunity and unity produced a complex narrative of economic, sporting, and political harmony and prosperity. Findings: We contend that while the bid employs common legacy tropes and axioms, United As One exposes the sustained fallacies implicit within bid constructions and paucity of legacy as a currency in the future of SME enterprise. Practical Implications: Stakeholder alliances are fundamental to sport mega-event bidding. Yet, collaborations are politically complex as each party balances benefits and risks. Accordingly, this paper forewarns all bid actors to be cogniscent of the roles they may play within the symbolism and rhetoric of bid construction. Research Contribution: Beyond the context of football, this paper adds new insights to ways sport megaevent bid visions fuse economic, socio-cultural, and public health advancement rhetoric to consolidate and masque persuasive host and legacy agendas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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8. Traversing Seas to Evading Proscription: South Asians, Race, and (Im)mobility in Canada and the United States, 1882–1929.
- Author
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Johal, Rishma
- Subjects
SOUTH Asians ,TRAVEL writing ,NINETEENTH century ,TWENTIETH century ,ACCOUNTING policies ,INTERGENERATIONAL mobility ,WHITE privilege - Abstract
Copyright of Terrae Incognitae is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Modes of Informed Caring: Perspectives of Health Professionals Who Are Mothers of Adult Children with Schizophrenia.
- Author
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Klages, Debra, East, Leah, Usher, Kim, and Jackson, Debra
- Subjects
ADULT children ,ATTITUDE (Psychology) ,COMMUNICATION ,INTERPROFESSIONAL relations ,INTERVIEWING ,SERVICES for caregivers ,MEDICAL personnel ,MOTHERHOOD ,PROFESSIONS ,RESEARCH funding ,SCHIZOPHRENIA ,QUALITATIVE research ,JUDGMENT sampling ,OCCUPATIONAL roles ,THEMATIC analysis ,PSYCHIATRIC treatment ,ATTITUDES of mothers ,HEALTH literacy ,PATIENTS' families - Abstract
Schizophrenia is a global concern, and, this paper, describes the caring roles of health professionals who are mothers of adult children with schizophrenia. A thematic analysis of data from a doctoral study identified a blending of expertise into an informed care model. Caring roles included: constant carer; coordinator carer; watchful bystander carer; and life coach carer. Previous research has not explored these dual roles. This paper elucidates their responsive approaches and contributions to mothering and caregiving roles. Informed by a fusion of professional and mothering knowledges, their insights into mental health care have been forged by their experiences and is an untapped resource. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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10. Teaching compassion for social accountability: A parallaxic investigation.
- Author
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Cheu, Hoi F., Sameshima, Pauline, Strasser, Roger, Clithero-Eridon, Amy R., Ross, Brian, Cameron, Erin, Preston, Robyn, Allison, Jill, and Hu, Connie
- Subjects
INTERDISCIPLINARY research ,EMPATHY ,SOCIAL justice ,COMPASSION ,MEDICAL schools ,RESEARCH funding ,CONTENT analysis ,SOCIAL responsibility ,MEDICAL education ,ADULT education workshops - Abstract
In an arts integrated interdisciplinary study set to investigate ways to improve social accountability (SA) in medical education, our research team has established a renewed understanding of compassion in the current SA movement. This paper explores the co-evolution of compassion and SA. The study used an arts integrated approach to investigate people's perceptions of SA in four medical schools across Australia, Canada, and the USA. Each school engaged approximately 25 participants who partook in workshops and in-depth interviews. We began with a study of SA and the topic of compassion emerged out of our qualitative data and biweekly meetings within the research team. Content analysis of the data and pedagogical discussion brought us to realize the importance of compassion in the practice of SA. The cultivation of compassion needs to play a significant role in a socially accountable medical educational system. Medical schools as educational institutions may operate themselves with compassion as a driving force in engaging partnership with students and communities. Social accountability without compassion is not SA; compassion humanizes institutional policy by engaging sympathy and care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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11. Learning over time: empirical and theoretical investigations of classroom talk and interaction.
- Author
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Haneda, Mari
- Subjects
LECTURES & lecturing ,SOCIAL factors ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,CULTURAL identity ,DISCOURSE analysis - Abstract
Taking broadly sociocultural or sociolinguistic perspectives, the five contributions to this special issue investigate various aspects of the co-construction of knowledge, as this is manifested in K-16 classrooms in Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States. While the authors of these papers address different educational settings, student populations, and curricular content, what unites them is their concern to better understand the cumulative, multidimensional nature of learning and teaching and the ways in which this is enacted in action and discourse across different spaces and over different scales of time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. The conditions and potentials of federalizing trade policy: Comparing Canada and the United States.
- Author
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Freudlsperger, Christian
- Subjects
COMMERCIAL policy ,CANADIAN provinces ,GOVERNMENT purchasing ,INTERNATIONAL trade ,TREATIES - Abstract
Whereas some federations reacted to the expanding international trade agenda by 'federalizing' trade policy-making and allowing sub-federal governments a substantial involvement, others did not. Comparing Canada and the United States, this paper investigates the conditions and potentials of federalization on the case of public procurement liberalization. The first section argues that the institutionalization of intergovernmental relations depends on the incontestability of sub-federal claims to authority and the absence of cheaper alternatives. In the US, the availability of federal pre-emption and the possibility to exclude sub-federal competencies from international agreements acted as a brake on state involvement. In Canada, 'watertight' provincial competencies and a non-representative second chamber enabled a gradual federalization. The second section argues that federalization holds the potential to increase constituent units' openness to procurement liberalization. While their deficient involvement has constrained US states' openness, federalization was instrumental in Canadian provinces' recently growing openness for international suppliers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Preliminary point prevalence of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for psychosis (CBTp) training in the U.S. and Canada.
- Author
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Kopelovich, Sarah L., Nutting, Elizabeth, Blank, Jennifer, Buckland, Helen Teresa, and Spigner, Clarence
- Subjects
CLUSTER sampling ,PSYCHOSES ,LABOR supply ,DISEASE prevalence ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,COGNITIVE therapy - Abstract
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for psychosis (CBTp) is recommended by psychosis treatment guidelines in the U.S. and Canada, however accessibilty has not been systematically established and little is known about trainer or training characteristics in these countries. This paper represents the first effort to estimate the population of CBTp practitioners, characterize trainer qualifications and training practices, and calculate a CBTp accessibility estimate. We oversampled from a known cluster of the target population and supplemented with chain-referral sampling. Respondents completed an online survey pertaining to workforce training conducted since 2005. An accessibility estimate was calculated using published disease prevalence data and national workforce census data. Twenty-five CBTp trainers completed the questionnaire. Respondents were predominantly white female psychologists in hospital or academic settings. Their estimates of practitioners trained in the past 15 years yielded a point prevalence of 0.57% of the combined mental health workforce, corresponding to 11.5–22.8 CBTp-trained providers for every 10,000 people diagnosed with a psychotic disorder. Survey results showed several differences in training approaches, settings, and funders. This preliminary study suggests that CBTp remains inaccessible across these two countries. Future studies should refine the sampling methods to provide a more robust prevalence estimate within each country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. UNITED NATIONS ATOMIC ENERGY NEWS.
- Author
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Kihss, Peter
- Subjects
NUCLEAR energy ,NUCLEAR nonproliferation ,NUCLEAR engineering ,NUCLEAR arms control - Abstract
The article offers various United Nations atomic energy news. The United Nations Atomic Energy Commission met on September 10 and 11, 1947 and adopted the second report to the Security Council. The nations who voted in favor of the report are Australia, France, United States, Brazil, Canada, and China. Russia rejected the report, and Poland abstained. The proposals submitted by Russia involves the investigation of mining and production facilities and accounting of atomic materials, and the conduct of investigations in case of violation of the weapons ban.
- Published
- 1947
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15. Linking assessment for learning, improvement and accountability.
- Author
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Coates, Hamish and Seifert, Tricia
- Subjects
LEARNING ,EDUCATIONAL evaluation ,HIGHER education ,EDUCATIONAL accountability ,EDUCATIONAL quality - Abstract
Assessing student learning in ways that offer students, institutions and systems with sound information is a considerable challenge for higher education. Despite demonstrable progress, a disconnect remains between methods used for assessing learning, improvement and accountability. This muddled situation is illustrated through a review of contemporary practice in the USA, Canada, Australia, the UK and New Zealand. To advance research and practice, this paper contributes a structured set of criteria that practitioners can use to evaluate whether an assessment functions effectively across different levels of practice. These technical and practical criteria touch on issues such as sampling, the viability of aggregation, reporting and cost-benefit considerations. The paper tests these criteria by considering their capacity to drive multi-level improvement in education quality. It is contended that the criteria provide perspective and structure for reconciling the quantitative assessment of higher education quality at different levels of practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Is Your Library Website Missing Essential Information?: A Comparison and Evaluation of Public Library Websites in Australia, Canada, and United States.
- Author
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Velasquez, Diane L. and Campbell-Meier, Jennifer
- Subjects
COLLEGE students ,INFORMATION resources management ,ACADEMIC libraries ,QUANTITATIVE research ,CURRICULUM ,INFORMATION resources ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,LIBRARIANS ,WORLD Wide Web ,PUBLIC libraries - Abstract
This paper describes the findings of a quantitative study of 1,698 public library websites in Australia, Canada, and the United States over a period of three years using a spreadsheet protocol. The purpose of the research was to evaluate public library websites, available online sources, and whether library staff were available to respond to users' questions and concerns regarding the website. Descriptive statistics are used to report the results. The study provides public library website information regarding which protocol criteria each country's libraries attained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Self-Assessments of Mentoring Skills in Healthcare Professions Applicable to Occupational Therapy: A Scoping Review.
- Author
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Stephenson, Sara, Kemp, Erika, Kiraly-Alvarez, Anne, Costello, Paula, Lockmiller, Catherine, and Parkhill, Brianna
- Subjects
ONLINE information services ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,MEDICAL databases ,OCCUPATIONAL therapy education ,MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems ,SELF-evaluation ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,PHYSICAL therapy ,MENTORING ,OCCUPATIONAL therapy ,ABILITY ,TRAINING ,LITERATURE reviews ,MEDLINE ,ALLIED health personnel ,ERIC (Information retrieval system) - Abstract
This scoping review explores the professional literature in allied healthcare to determine which self-assessments of mentor skills are the most valid and reliable for use in occupational therapy doctoral capstone programs. The aims of this scoping review include mapping evidence related to mentor assessments in healthcare, exploring implications for occupational therapy doctoral mentor training programs, and identifying common characteristics of mentor self-assessments for occupational therapy programs to consider when developing capstone mentoring resources. Researchers applied and reported via PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). A librarian and authors formulated keywords and database selections to search PubMed/MEDLINE/PMC, and Embase were searched from across healthcare professions for training outcomes, mentor self-assessment, mentor attributes, and use of researcher-developed assessments. The search was limited to English publications from the last 20 years. Data were extracted for quantitative information regarding study characteristics and qualitative information about mentoring skills. A total of 852 results were delivered across all databases. Nineteen papers met the final eligibility criteria and were included in the data extraction. Populations were included from several healthcare professions, including 11 nursing, four healthcare researchers, one pharmacy, one midwifery, one medicine, and one medical dietetics. Countries included the United States (n = 7), Finland (n = 5), United Kingdom (n = 4), Japan (n = 1), South Africa (n = 1) and Canada (n = 1). The authors identified four valid self-assessment tools, demonstrating III and IV levels of evidence, that may be implemented by occupational therapy programs as they develop resources for mentor programs. Occupational therapy programs can use the mentor attributes found in this scoping review to create their own mentor assessment measures or may choose to use a validated tool. The authors recommend additional research in mentor education and mentor skill acquisition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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18. Introduction.
- Author
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Block, Rick
- Subjects
PRIVACY ,SERIAL publications ,PROFESSIONAL employee training ,ELECTRONIC journals ,HEALTH literacy ,INFORMATION science ,MEDICAL ethics ,OPEN access publishing ,LIBRARIANS - Abstract
An introduction to articles in the issue is presented on topics including critical issues involving book bans affecting children and young adult literature, the complex and inseparable relationship between collection development in libraries and the interconnected factors of privacy, censorship and government influence, and a unique perspective on oral tradition as an information medium.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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19. Intercultural gerontology curriculum: Principles and practice.
- Author
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Mercer, Lorraine
- Subjects
AGING ,ALTERNATIVE education ,CURRICULUM planning ,GERIATRICS ,INTERVIEWING ,LEARNING strategies ,CULTURAL pluralism ,RESEARCH ,TEACHING methods ,THEMATIC analysis ,CULTURAL competence ,UNDERGRADUATES - Abstract
The internationalization of universities and the aging of the global population are two current issues that converge and challenge undergraduate gerontology curriculum development in Canada. One response to this challenge is to envision an intercultural gerontology curriculum. What might this curriculum encompass? How might it be taught? An exploratory study was undertaken to address these two questions. This paper presents findings from this study based primarily on interviews with university-based stakeholders from Canada, the United States, and Europe. Thematic analysis of the interviews resulted in five themes: multiple perspectives on cultural diversity; the dynamic nature of cultural diversity and aging; flow of an intercultural curriculum; institutional culture and intercultural curricula; and principles and practice for intercultural gerontology. Framed by principles of gerontology theory and educational approaches, this paper focuses on the principles and practice suggested by study participants. Scaffolding learning, active learning strategies, experiential learning opportunities, teacher modelling, and internet-based learning are discussed as key to intercultural learning. An appendix includes a list of resources that may be useful to developing an intercultural gerontology curriculum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Aiding and Abetting: Third-Party Tracking and (In)secure Connections in Public Libraries.
- Author
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Gardner, Gabriel J.
- Subjects
PRIVACY ,APPLICATION software ,SOCIAL media ,DATABASE management ,MEMBERSHIP ,LIBRARY public services ,MEDICAL ethics ,DATA security ,SEARCH engines ,PUBLIC libraries ,WORLD Wide Web - Abstract
Patron privacy, as articulated in the American Library Association (ALA) Code of Ethics, is a longstanding concern for librarians. In online environments, the possibility of tracking by third parties, usage of HTTPS/TLS to provide secure connections, and easy disclosure of a site's privacy policies all have implications for user privacy. This paper presents new empirical evidence about these issues and discusses their ethical implications. Data about the incidence of third-party tracking, usage of HTTPS by default, and easy discoverability of a privacy policy or terms of service (TOS) were collected for public libraries across Canada and the United States. The sample consisted of 178 public libraries; members of the Canadian Urban Libraries Council and Urban Libraries Council. Several common commercial databases (e.g. OverDrive) were also examined using the same criteria. Results show that only 12% of libraries were devoid of third-party tracking, with Google Analytics being the most common third-party tracker. While libraries may support HTTPS under certain circumstances, it was found that a majority of libraries serve neither their websites nor their online catalogs (OPACs) HTTPS by default. Regarding disclosure of possible tracking, it was found that 58% of libraries did not link to a TOS or privacy policy from their homepage. Together with previous research on the usage of privacy-enhancing tools in public libraries, these results suggest that public libraries are accessories to third-party tracking on a large scale. Implications of this fact in light of library professional ethics are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Cool, funky and creative? The creative class and preferences for leisure and culture.
- Author
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Bille, Trine
- Subjects
CULTURE ,LEISURE ,URBAN growth - Abstract
It is a core element in Richard Florida's popular theory on growth to be able to attract the creative class to a geographical area. But Florida is not very specific on which kind of amenities are important for attracting and keeping the creative class. The purpose of this paper is to analyse which kind of cultural activities the creative class is actually using. Which kind of cultural activities does the creative class use more intensively than other groups in society? This paper presents new empirical results on preferences for leisure and culture. Richard Florida's theory can be, and has been, criticised - especially on the issue of causality. The analyses presented in this paper show that being part of the creative class has an independent and significant role in explaining preferences for leisure and culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
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22. An Identification and Analysis of Students' Expectations and Views Regarding Foreign-Sourced Tertiary Education Programs Delivered in China: Investigating the Next Stage of Internationalisation and Market Entry for Foreign Universities.
- Author
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Willis, Mike
- Subjects
EDUCATION ,MARKET entry ,MARKETING in service industries - Abstract
There has been a wealth of research into various forms of educational export such as distance education and study abroad, but this paper focuses on the delivery of foreign-supplied courses and programs within a host country-in this case, China. Key findings include a high level of demand amongst Chinese students for business and management courses and programs delivered by foreign universities and their Chinese partners, and a marked preference for relatively unadapted foreign programs and, courses, which give the students an idea of what it would be like to study at the foreign university campus-for example, in USA or Canada. These and other findings contained in this paper are of value to foreign universities seeking to develop and deliver a range of educational courses and programs to China and other large, emerging education markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Influencing Consumer Cross-Border Internet Pharmacy Shopping Behavior.
- Author
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Wong-Rieger, Durhane
- Subjects
INTERNET pharmacies ,CROSS-border shopping ,PHARMACEUTICAL services ,CONSUMER behavior ,LEGAL status of patients ,PHARMACEUTICAL industry ,MEDICAL care - Abstract
This paper draws upon published literature, focus groups, workshops, and individual patient views to identify general use of Internet for health information and, specifically, use of cross-border Internet pharmacy Web sites to locate and purchase prescription drugs. The paper applies the theoretical frameworks of risk perception theory and social cognition theory to attempt to explain why American patients continue to shop for prescription medications through cross-border Internet pharmacies (CBIP) despite its questionable legal status and potential for serious harm. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
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24. Scholarship Review of Queer Youth Homelessness in Canada and the United States.
- Author
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Barrow, Steven K.
- Subjects
LGBTQ+ people ,HOMELESSNESS ,SOCIAL science literature ,HISTORICAL literature - Abstract
This paper is a review of historical and social science literature on the subject of homelessness among LGBTQ+ youth. I ultimately seek to situate my future doctoral work, an oral history of queer youth homelessness in Ontario, within the scholarship surveyed here. Stories help us to understand what statistics look and feel like. This analysis takes a thematic and interdisciplinary approach that does not follow a linear, temporal understanding of events or accounts. The approach of this paper is meant to reflect the nonlinear and thematic modes of remembering that many experience when recounting their times on the street. The stories of queer youth on the street are complex and their ways of remembering these moments in time are ever-more so. But, as Sassafras Lowrey so accurately put it, "sometimes it is in the complexity that the truth is most evident". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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25. Cross-cultural inclusive recreation and the normalization principle: Nirje's and Wolfersberger's differing approaches.
- Author
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Dieser, Rodney B.
- Subjects
RECREATION ,SERVICES for people with disabilities ,PEOPLE with disabilities ,DISABILITY studies ,DOMINANT culture - Abstract
Copyright of Society & Leisure / Loisir & Société is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Market fragmentation of securities market: traditional exchanges versus alternate trading venues.
- Author
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Kohli, Rasmeet
- Subjects
FINANCIAL markets ,LIQUIDITY (Economics) ,INVESTOR confidence ,STOCK exchanges - Abstract
Market fragmentation is one of the policy issues which is being continuously discussed among the regulators in the securities market arena in the United States, Canada and Europe. This paper is an extant literature review paper and endeavours to explain the different forms of alternate trading systems which have caused the securities market to fragment. This paper discusses the rationale behind market fragmentation and facilitators for this kind of change in the securities market microstructure. Through the literature review on the subject, this paper aims at unveiling how some significant aspects related to securities market microstructure such as market quality, liquidity, price discovery, execution costs, fairness and investor confidence are impacted through market fragmentation. The paper further discusses how the exchanges and the regulators have responded to the challenges emerging from market fragmentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Unwanted and Uninvited: Canadian Exceptionalism in Migration and the 2017-2020 Irregular Border Crossings.
- Author
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Boyd, Monica and Ly, Nathan T.B.
- Subjects
HUMAN migration patterns ,BORDER security ,IMMIGRATION policy ,SETTLEMENT costs ,POLITICAL parties - Abstract
This paper focuses on the irregular migration flow from the United States to Canada from 2017 to 2020. This irregular migration, defined as unauthorized border crossings, challenges a central tenet of the perceived exceptionalism of Canadian immigration policy by illustrating that while legal migration remains publicly popular and receives political support, the public rejects unwanted, irregular, or illegal migration, demanding strong response from the Canadian government. The 2017–2020 irregular migration of refugee claimants from the United States generated discord in a number of public and political settings. Debates existed over the terminology for unauthorized border crossings, public opinion was divided, and prior to the 2019 Canadian federal election, political parties developed different and opposing positions. Disagreement over costs and funding for the settlement of irregular migrants emerged at city, provincial, and federal levels. The federal government subsequently amended immigration legislation and increased budgets for border control activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. What can regulatory bodies do to help implement competency-based medical education?
- Author
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Nousiainen, Markku, Scheele, Fedde, Hamstra, Stanley J., and Caverzagie, Kelly
- Subjects
ABILITY ,OUTCOME-based education ,MEDICAL education ,TRAINING ,PROFESSIONAL standards ,GOVERNMENT regulation ,JOB performance ,HUMAN services programs ,ACCREDITATION - Abstract
In response to the numerous challenges resident trainees currently face in their ability to competently acquire the requisite skills, knowledge and attitudes upon graduation, medical educators have looked to a competency-based medical education (CBME) approach as a possible solution. As CBME has already been implemented in many jurisdictions around the world, certain challenges in implementation have been experienced. One important challenge identified relates to how regulatory bodies can either assist or unintentionally hinder implementation. By examining the varied experiences from Canada, the USA and the Netherlands in implementing CBME, this paper identifies how regulatory bodies can support and advance worldwide efforts of furthering its implementation. If regulatory bodies restructure accreditation and regulatory criteria to align with CBME principles, work together in a coordinated fashion to ensure alignment of vital regulatory meaures throughout the training and practice continuum of a physician, and allow for (if not incentivize) individuals and programs to be innovative in adapting CBME to meet their local environments, it is likely that the worldwide implementation of CBME will occur successfully. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Dental pain as social injustice: a Rawlsian perspective.
- Author
-
Moeller, Jamie and Quiñonez, Carlos
- Subjects
DENTAL care ,HEALTH services accessibility ,HUMAN rights ,ORAL hygiene ,QUALITY of life ,SELF-perception ,SOCIAL justice ,TOOTHACHE ,PAIN management ,HEALTH equity ,HEALTH & social status - Abstract
Dental pain reduces a person's quality of life and constrains the ability to perform routine day-to-day activities, yet its distribution in society is inequitable and significantly shaped by the social determinants of health. This paper explores this social phenomenon of dental pain using John Rawls' conception of justice as fairness. Several key concepts in Rawls' framework are examined, including the implications for: a person's right to fair equality of opportunity; a person's sense of self-respect; and, the dental profession's social contract. We conclude that the current distribution of dental pain in Canada and the United States breaks with the principles set out in Rawls' conception of a just society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. The ritual of capital punishment.
- Author
-
Davidson, Mark
- Subjects
CAPITAL punishment ,DEMOCRACY ,EXECUTIONS & executioners ,LEGISLATIVE power ,CRIMINAL law - Abstract
Canada officially abolished capital punishment in 1976. For the last few years, however, our federal government has been adopting increasingly harsher penal policies that resemble American law-and-order politics. As punishments increase in severity, there is pressure to add harsher penalties at the 'top' of the scale, that is, for heinous killing. Members of the federal government are almost exclusively pro-death penalty, so it seems the possibility for reinstatement is real. If the death penalty were proposed it would very likely follow on the heels of a shocking crime, and the discourse surrounding the debate will be one that exploits the emotionality of crime and punishment. In this vein, state killing will present not as a rational response to rule violation but as a necessary ritual to combat a metaphysical form of evil. The purpose of this paper is to examine the ritualistic aspects of state killing as practised in the US today, with a view to deepening our understanding of the punishment's popular appeal so that we can more effectively resist reinstitution or, where capital punishment exists, fight for its abolition. The paper focuses on three aspects of death penalty procedure - the detailed reporting of the offender's final countdown and last meal, and the presence of clergy - to illustrate the connections between concrete practices of state killing and existing transcendental fixtures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Historical background: early deliberations on and assessments of need for dynamic crush test.
- Author
-
Pope, R B and Wille, F
- Subjects
RADIOACTIVE substance transport - Abstract
Beginning in the late 1970s, discussions were fostered by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) on the need for additional tests for some type B packages. Consideration at the international level of these early deliberations and tests ultimately led to the inclusion in the IAEA Regulations for the Safe Transport of Radioactive Material of the third mechanical (drop) test for demonstrating the ability of the package design to withstand accident conditions of transport, commonly known as the 'dynamic crush test'. This test included the requirement that the package be positioned so as to sustain maximum damage. Recently discussions have been occurring as to what constitutes positioning on an unyielding target, where considerations are being put forward for clarifying this phrasing and possibly changing the test requirement. Some of these proposed changes could make the test more demanding than originally envisioned. This paper, developed in support of a panel discussion at PATRAM 2010, provides an overview of some of the very early thinking behind the crush test. It includes a graphic demonstration that was used at the time to demonstrate the concerns that then existed. It also provides a brief review of the results of various tests performed in the US, UK and Canada from the mid-1960s through the early 1980s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] - Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Canadian Cannabis: Marijuana as an Irritant/Problem in Canada-U.S. Relations.
- Author
-
Gecelovsky, Paul
- Subjects
CANADA-United States relations ,DRUGS of abuse ,MARIJUANA ,PUBLIC administration ,MARIJUANA abuse ,NATIONAL security - Abstract
The article focuses on the electronic, peer-reviewed Occasional Papers on Public Policy series published by the Association for Canadian Studies in the United States (ACSUS). These papers are intended to highlight ongoing research in Canadian domestic and foreign policy at the federal, provincial and city levels. One of the research presented in this article concerns the marijuana issue in terms of the growing volume of the drug being smuggled into the U.S. from Canada, the increased potency of the strains of marijuana grown in Canada, and the differences in judicial deterrents adopted to penalize possession and cultivation.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. When bad things happen to good people: The portrayal of accidents in mass print magazines.
- Author
-
Clarke, JuanneN. and Van Amerom, GudrunG. P.
- Subjects
JOURNALISM & society ,ACCIDENTS ,PRESS ,NEWSPRINT industry ,TRAGEDY (Trauma) ,ETHICS - Abstract
This paper reports on a study of the portrayal of accidents in the mass print media magazines available in Canada and published in Canada or the USA in 1991, 1996 and 2001. Through content, frame and discourse analyses it describes 'factual' and narrative stories of accidents. Narrative articles are subdivided into accidents occurring to an individual and those occurring to an aggregate. Stories of individual accidents reflect different discourses than those of group accidents. Individual accidents are described as terrible things that sometimes happen to good people who then overcome the tragedies to become better people. Group accidents underscore the frustration, fear and the powerlessness of individuals who try to deal with corporations and governments who have responsibility for the causation of the accidents. The article ends by theorizing these findings in the context of the indemnification of the individual in the modern risk society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Captain Canuck, audience response, and the project of Canadian nationalism.
- Author
-
Dittmer, Jason and Larsen, Soren
- Subjects
NATIONALISM ,NATIONAL character ,COMIC books, strips, etc. ,POPULAR culture ,INTELLECTUAL life ,INCARNATION ,GEOPOLITICS - Abstract
Copyright of Social & Cultural Geography is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. International Evidence-Based Librarianship Conference, Brisbane, 16-19 October 2005.
- Author
-
Missingham, Roxanne
- Subjects
CONFERENCES & conventions ,LIBRARIES ,LIBRARY science ,LIBRARY institutes & workshops ,INFORMATION services ,SCIENTISTS ,LIBRARY users - Abstract
The article reports on the International Evidence-Based Librarianship conference held in Brisbane between October 16-19, 2005. Nearly 200 participants attended the conference, from many countries around the world. The Great Britain, Canada, U.S., Australia and New Zealand were all represented, with a very stimulating mix of practitioners and researchers/academics. The focus was on developments in evidence: linking research with practice. A range of workshops and presentations throughout the event elicited much greater interaction and questioning than generally occurs in U.S. conferences. At the conference a \vide range of research projects in library and information science were reported and discussed. During the conference the emphasis was led on the point that libraries have a very active interest in understanding what their users needs are, what services they should be delivering and how they should be developing their services to better meet these needs. Workshops included case studies of generalised library activities and services to develop research questions which were not limited to the health sectors.
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Prison Pups: Assessing the Effects of Dog Training Programs in Correctional Facilities.
- Author
-
Britton, Dana M. and Button, Andrea
- Subjects
CORRECTIONAL institutions ,JAILS ,PRISONS ,ANIMAL training ,DOGS ,RECIDIVISM ,INSTITUTIONALIZED persons - Abstract
During the past twenty-five years, the number of prison programs in which inmates train dogs has increased rapidly. There are no comprehensive data on the prevalence of such programs, but they are in existence in at least twenty U.S. states, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and Italy. Though extremely popular among both administrators and inmates, we have only anecdotal accounts to assess the effects of dog training by inmates. Such programs appear to have the potential to break down barriers of fear and mistrust between staff and inmates; and there is also some evidence, again anecdotal, that they reduce recidivism and behavioral infractions among inmates. Literally no systematic studies exist, however. This research provides preliminary information from data collected in two Kansas prisons (a men's and a women's institution) in which inmates train assistance dogs and dogs made available for adoption by the general public. This paper focuses on the qualitative findings from the interviews conducted at the men's prison, and examines motivations for entering the program, challenges inmates face in their work, and the benefits they believe come participating. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Preparing a Prosperous Future: Promoting Culture and Business Through Bilingual Education.
- Author
-
Vance, Christine Wallgren
- Subjects
BUSINESS & education ,LANGUAGE & culture ,BILINGUALISM ,BUSINESS enterprises ,TEACHERS ,SCHOOL administration - Abstract
This paper describes an ambitious educational program uniting the efforts of Swiss, German, and French business associations, corporations, government agencies, and regional school boards in the Upper Rhine Valley, where economy and culture transcend national borders. The objectives of the program are to promote bilingualism, to teach the young people what factors unite and what factors differentiate their communities, and to optimize conditions for prosperous economic development based on knowledge of geographic, historical, sociocultural, and socioeconomic data. The focus of this paper is the program's textbook, Leben am Oberrhein/Vivre dans le Rhin Supérieur [Living in the Upper Rhine Valley], created especially for the communities of the Upper Rhine Valley and the center of the program. The program is multifaceted and innovative. This paper concentrates on Europe (where the program originated) as well as the United States of America (home to the author and the majority of Bilingual Research Journal readers) and its neighboring countries (essentially Canada and Mexico). Yet the program can serve as an inspiring model throughout the world for community leaders and educators wishing to promote bilingualism within communities formed by native speakers of a dominant language and groups of various heritage language speakers and cultures, or in neighboring communities with different backgrounds and mother tongues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Some international evidence on the stability of aggregate import demand function.
- Author
-
Matsubayashi, Yoichi and Hamori, Shigeyuki
- Subjects
INTERNATIONAL trade ,INTERNATIONAL economic relations - Abstract
This paper empirically analyses the stability of the aggregate import demand function for G7 countries. The standard cointegration test and a test developed by Gregory and Hansen are performed. The results of standard cointegration tests suggest that there is no stable cointegrating relation between real import, real GDP and relative import price for all G7 countries. The cointegrating relation is empirically supported for France and Germany if structural change for cointegrating vector is explicitly taken into consideration. The cointegrating relation is empirically rejected for Canada, Italy, Japan, the UK and the USA. Thus, the stimulation of domestic business conditions will not necessarily link the quantity of imports for these five countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Employee Assistance Program Accreditation: History and Outlook.
- Author
-
Haaz, Edward J., Maynard, John, Petrica, Stephen C., and Williams, Charles E.
- Subjects
EMPLOYEE assistance programs ,PERSONNEL management ,MANAGED mental health care - Abstract
Accreditation is a means of verifying the professional competence and programmatic integrity of an employee assistance program (EAP). This paper examines the history of the accreditation of EAPs in the United States and Canada by the two dominant professional associations in the field, and makes some observations about the outlook for EAP accreditation. The two professional associations, driven by divergent philosophies, have evolved differently in their approach to accreditation. However, they share the conviction that control of standards is essential to the self-definition of a professional field, and has implications as well for marketing and governmental regulation. Accreditation thus has an important role in those areas, and should define acceptable standards in the emerging employee assistance environment, which entails such issues as managed behavioral health care, work-life, and international programs. Accreditation may also help advance thinking about current tensions in the field, and thus help shape its future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. SEPARATION, WEAK EXOGENEITY, AND P-T DECOMPOSITION IN COINTEGRATED VAR SYSTEMS WITH COMMON FEATURES.
- Author
-
Hecq, Alain, Palm, FranzC., and Urbain, Jean-Pierre
- Subjects
TIME series analysis ,EXOGENEITY (Econometrics) ,MATHEMATICAL decomposition ,ECONOMETRICS ,HIGH technology industries - Abstract
The aim of this paper is to study the concept of separability in multiple nonstationary time series displaying both common stochastic trends and common stochastic cycles. When modeling the dynamics of multiple time series for a panel of several entities such as countries, sectors, firms, imposing some form of separability and commonalities is often required to restrict the dimension of the parameter space. For this purpose we introduce the concept of common feature separation and investigate the relationships between separation in cointegration and separation in serial correlation common features. Loosely speaking we investigate whether a set of time series can be partitioned into subsets such that there are serial correlation common features within the sub-groups only. The paper investigates three issues. First, it provides conditions for separating joint cointegrating vectors into marginal cointegrating vectors as well as separating joint short-term dynamics into marginal short-term dynamics. Second, conditions for making permanenttransitory decompositions based on marginal systems are given. Third, issues of weak exogeneity are considered. Likelihood ratio type tests for the different hypotheses under study are proposed. An empirical analysis of the link between economic fluctuations in the United States and Canada shows the practical relevance of the approach proposed in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. An empirical study on public capital spillovers from the USA to Canada.
- Author
-
Owyong, David T. and Thangavelu, Shandre M.
- Subjects
INFORMAL sector ,CAPITAL stock ,GROSS domestic product ,SMALL business ,PRIVATE sector ,PUBLIC sector ,ECONOMIC structure ,INTERNATIONAL economic relations - Abstract
The effect of public capital on private sector productivity has received much attention in the literature. The impact of an adjacent country's public capital on domestic productivity has, however, not been previously examined. This paper attempts to fill this gap by examining the possibility of such spillovers from the USA to Canada. Due to close proximity of both countries, the hypothesis of the paper is that these spillovers are important. A production function model introduces US public capital as an exogenous variable and tests for its significance. The results indicate positive spillovers from the USA public capital to Canadian productivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Business Power in Australia: The Concentration of Company Directorship Holding Among the Top 250 Corporates.
- Author
-
Alexander, Malcolm, Murray, Georgina, and Houghton, John
- Subjects
CORPORATE directors ,EXECUTIVES ,CORPORATE governance ,INTERLOCKING directorates ,AUSTRALIAN corporations - Abstract
This paper presents results from a comparative study of company directors of the top 250 Australian companies. The paper analyses the concentration of directorship holding in Australia and New Zealand in 1991 and compares this with other Australian, New Zealand, British, Canadian and American studies. The paper argues that while the density of interorganisational interlocks in Australia is quite normal by international standards, such comparisons are substantially affected by the relatively small number of board positions characteristic of Australian companies. When we allow for this external parameter by considering the concentration of directorship holding by persons, there is evidence of a significant concentration of available positions in the hands of relatively few persons in Australia, New Zealand and Canada. The paper suggests that the organisation of business power in Australia reflects a continuing tension between principles of regulation derived from the larger economies of Britain and the United States and practical concerns of business leadership in Australia generated by the geopolitical realities facing Australian business. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1994
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Workshop on cost accounting in Europe: past traditions and current trends.
- Author
-
Lukka, Kari
- Subjects
CONFERENCES & conventions ,COST accounting ,ACCOUNTING - Abstract
The article presents information on the Workshop on Cost Accounting in Europe: Past Traditions and Current Trends, organized by EIASM, and held in Brussels, Belgium on December 3 to 4, 1992. The forty-five participants of the workshop, celebrating the Twentieth Anniversary of the Institute, came mostly from the European countries, although the U.S. and Canada were also represented. Cost accounting became one of the most significant accounting research topics during the 1980s. This is in sharp contrast to the previous decades, where textbook cost accounting theory was regarded as unproblematic and, accordingly, practically no one did research into cost accounting. In the 1980s everything began to change very rapidly. The origins of the new line of cost accounting research were in the U.S., where a number of researchers became worried about the competitive power of the U.S. manufacturing firms, which were more and more challenged by their highly competitive rivals from Japan.
- Published
- 1993
44. An examination of the examination of accreditation standards between Australia, the United States, and Canada.
- Author
-
Rodolfa, Emil R. and Schaffer, Jack B.
- Subjects
ACCREDITATION ,CLINICAL psychology ,DOCTORAL programs - Abstract
Copyright of Clinical Psychologist is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Assessing competencies using milestones along the way.
- Author
-
Tekian, Ara, Hodges, Brian D., Roberts, Trudie E., Schuwirth, Lambert, and Norcini, John
- Subjects
HIGHER education ,CLINICAL competence ,PHILOSOPHY of education ,EDUCATIONAL tests & measurements ,INTERNSHIP programs ,MEDICAL students ,STUDY & teaching of medicine ,PERSONNEL management ,PROFESSIONAL employee training ,NATIONAL competency-based educational tests - Abstract
This paper presents perspectives and controversies surrounding the use of milestones to assess competency in outcomes-based medical education. Global perspectives (Canada, Europe, and the United States) and developments supporting their rationales are discussed. In Canada, there is a significant movement away from conceptualizing competency based on time, and a move toward demonstration of specific competencies. The success of this movement may require complex (rather than reductionist) milestones that reflect students' progression through complexity and context and a method to narrate their journey. European countries (United Kingdom, France, and Germany) have stressed the complexity associated with time and milestones for medical students to truly achieve competence. To meet the changing demands of medicine, they view time as actually providing students with knowledge and exposure to achieve various milestones. In the United States, milestones are based on sampling throughout professional development to initiate lifelong learning. However, the use of milestones may not imply overall competence (reductionism). Milestones must be developed alongside outcomes-based curriculum with use of faculty and competency committees. The perspectives outlined in this paper underscore emerging challenges for implementing outcomes-based medical education and call for new conceptualizations of competence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. The pharmacologic treatment of problematic sexual interests, paraphilic disorders, and sexual preoccupation in adult men who have committed a sexual offence.
- Author
-
Winder, Belinda, Fedoroff, J. Paul, Grubin, Don, Klapilová, Kateřina, Kamenskov, Maxim, Tucker, Douglas, Basinskaya, Irina A., and Vvedensky, Georgy E.
- Subjects
PARAPHILIAS ,MEN'S health ,SEX offenders ,INTERNATIONAL relations ,ATTITUDES toward sex ,INTERPROFESSIONAL relations ,ADULTS - Abstract
This paper provides an international perspective on the use of medications to treat problematic sexual interests, paraphilic disorders, and sexual preoccupation in men who have committed a sexual offence. Experts from Canada, the Czech Republic (CR), Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States met in Prague, CR in May 2017 to review and compare their treatment approaches. This report is a summary of their discussions, including empirical data from CR and Russia which have not previously been published in the English language. All participants agreed that continuing international collaboration would be very useful for the development of ethical international prescribing guidelines, as well as pooling data from studies on the efficacy and utility of pharmacological and other biological treatments for people who have committed sexual offences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Stimuli used in the measurement of problematic sexual interests.
- Author
-
Murphy, Lisa, Curry, Susan, Klapilová, Katerina, Dwyer, R. Gregg, Zikánová, Tereza, and Fedoroff, J. Paul
- Subjects
PENIS physiology ,AUDIOVISUAL materials ,CREATIVE ability ,MEN'S health ,PLETHYSMOGRAPHY ,RESEARCH evaluation ,ATTITUDES toward sex - Abstract
Penile plethysmography (PPG) is the primary physiologic assessment method used to gauge sexual responses in adult men. Depending on the country or jurisdiction of assessment, stimuli used to elicit arousal can include videos, still images, and audio materials. It can depict a variety consenting and non-consenting sexual scenarios as well as neutral, non-sexual scenarios. Models in visual stimuli can be clothed, semi-clothed, or nude. Variation in stimuli modality and the type of sexual interest being tested can have a large impact on PPG outcomes. This paper reviews research on types of PPG stimuli, the different sexual interests being assessed, reliability and validity, and the impact of anonymizing models depicted in assessment materials. Innovations in stimuli development in three labs located in Canada, the United States, and the Czech Republic are also discussed. The work done in these three labs and the broader range of research on assessment stimuli are presented to highlight the need for a unified, multi-site, standardized approach to assess problematic sexual interests and their change in response to treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Psychological treatment of problematic sexual interests: cross-country comparison.
- Author
-
Klapilová, Kateřina, Demidova, Liubov Y., Elliott, Helen, Flinton, Charles A., Weiss, Petr, and Fedoroff, J. Paul
- Subjects
PARAPHILIAS ,CONSENSUS (Social sciences) ,INTERNATIONAL relations ,CRIME ,ATTITUDES toward sex ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,INTERPROFESSIONAL relations ,PHYSICIANS ,PSYCHOTHERAPY - Abstract
This paper reviews the use of psychotherapeutic approaches to treat individuals who have committed sex crimes and/or have problematic sexual interests (PSI); including types of psychotherapy used, descriptions of preventive and reintegration programmes, and highlighting specific theoretical controversies. In the second part, experts from Canada, the Czech Republic, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States, who participated in an International Consensus Meeting held in Prague (2017), summarize treatment programmes in their countries. The comparison revealed some general findings: each country has variability between its own programmes; most countries have different programmes for people who are in custody and who are in the community; the state-directed treatment programmes are primarily focused on criminal individuals, while non-criminal individuals are treated in preventive programmes and/or in special clinics or are untreated; the presence of PSI in patients is acknowledged in most programmes, although specific programmes exclusively for individuals with PSI rarely exist. Studies on effectiveness are difficult to compare due to methodologic, political, and cultural differences. Further communication between more countries to share knowledge about successful treatments and preventive approaches is needed, especially enhanced international collaboration between researchers and clinicians to verify the effectiveness of current clinical and experimental program, rs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Landscapes of Intersecting Trade and Environmental Policies: Intensive Canadian and American Farmlands.
- Author
-
Corry, Robert
- Subjects
ENVIRONMENTAL policy ,AGRICULTURAL landscape management ,AGRICULTURE ,CROPPING systems ,ENVIRONMENTAL protection - Abstract
Farming in Canada and the USA is dominated by row cropping concentrated in central regions. Using the Corn Belt of Iowa and the Lake Erie Lowlands of Ontario—sources of pollution affecting the Gulf of Mexico and Great Lakes—as exemplary regions, this paper provides a retrospective review of the landscape effects of policies and practices related to environmental stewardship and agricultural trade. Conservation policies and typical farm practices are described and compared for the two regions with an emphasis on lasting beneficial environmental outcomes. Connections among land cover changes, environmental consequences, and changes in environmental and trade policies and programs are considered along with future changes in farm management, trade liberalisation, and farm revenue sources. The paper concludes with prospective ideas of how policies and practices can maintain or enhance environmental benefits within intensively farmed landscapes as best approaches for agriculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. ‘I'm Still Not Crossing That’: Borders, Dispossession, and Sovereignty in Frozen River (2008).
- Author
-
Dodds, Klaus
- Subjects
GEOGRAPHIC boundaries ,IMMIGRANTS ,BORDER crossing ,BIOPOLITICS (Sociobiology) - Abstract
This paper considers the film Frozen River (2008) for the purpose of considering how the US-Canadian border is dramatised within the context of two women caught up in a illicit trading of migrants via a Native American Reservation. Re-calibrating more mainstream Hollywood's fascination with the United States' southern border, Frozen River usefully focuses attention on two areas that deserve further reflection namely the materiality of borders and border crossings and biopolitics. The paper concludes with some reflections on how borders, biopolitics, dispossession and sovereignty need further theorization by political geographers and other scholars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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