Author: "Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT)" / Publisher: springer science and business media llc / Topic: medicine - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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Start Over Author "Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT)" Topic medicine Publisher springer science and business media llc

17 results on '"Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT)"'

1. Inhibition of ubiquitin-specific protease 7 sensitizes acute myeloid leukemia to chemotherapy

Author: Pierre-Luc Mouchel, Laure David, Jean-Emmanuel Sarry, Véronique Mansat-De Mas, Sarah Bertoli, Maëlle Cartel, Mathilde Gotanègre, Stéphane Manenti, Arnaud Besson, Christine Didier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Équipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer [Toulouse], Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer [Paris] (LNCC), Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse - Oncopole (IUCT Oncopole - UMR 1037), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Recherche en Santé Digestive (IRSD ), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire du Contrôle de la Prolifération (LBCMCP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ligue nationale contre le cancer, SEGUIN, Nathalie, and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_treatment, Apoptosis, Mice, SCID, Ubiquitin-Specific Peptidase 7, Transcriptome, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Mice, Inbred NOD, hemic and lymphatic diseases, Tumor Cells, Cultured, RNA, Small Interfering, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Cytarabine, Myeloid leukemia, Hematology, Middle Aged, Prognosis, 3. Good health, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Survival Rate, Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, Signal Transduction, Cell signalling, medicine.drug, Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic, Programmed cell death, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Article, Acute myeloid leukaemia, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Biomarkers, Tumor, medicine, Animals, Humans, Cell Proliferation, Chemotherapy, business.industry, Cell growth, Gene Expression Profiling, Gene signature, Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays, 030104 developmental biology, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm, Cell culture, Cancer research, business, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: International audience; Resistance of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) to therapeutic agents is frequent. Consequently, the mechanisms leading tothis resistance must be understood and addressed. In this paper, we demonstrate that inhibition of deubiquitinylaseUSP7 significantly reduces cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo, blocks DNA replication progression and increases celldeath in AML. Transcriptomic dataset analyses reveal that a USP7 gene signature is highly enriched in cells from AMLpatients at relapse, as well as in residual blasts from patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models treated with clinically relevantdoses of cytarabine, which indicates a relationship between USP7 expression and resistance to therapy. Accordingly, singlecellanalysis of AML patient samples at relapse versus at diagnosis showed that a gene signature of the pre-existingsubpopulation responsible for relapse is enriched in transcriptomes of patients with a high USP7 level. Furthermore, wefound that USP7 interacts and modulates CHK1 protein levels and functions in AML. Finally, we demonstrated that USP7inhibition acts in synergy with cytarabine to kill AML cell lines and primary cells of patients with high USP7 levels.Altogether, these data demonstrate that USP7 is both a marker of resistance to chemotherapy and a potential therapeutictarget in overcoming resistance to treatment.
Published: 2020

2. House dust mites activate nociceptor–mast cell clusters to drive type 2 skin inflammation

Author: Mindy Tsai, Camille Petitfils, Nicolas Cenac, Stephen J. Galli, Riccardo Sibilano, Xinzhong Dong, Laurent L. Reber, Nicolas Gaudenzio, Lilian Basso, Philipp Starkl, Nadine Serhan, Chrystelle Bonnart, Thomas Marichal, James Meixiong, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Stanford University School of Medicine [CA, USA], Institut de Recherche en Santé Digestive (IRSD ), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Liège, Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology [Liège] (WELBIO), Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Medizinische Universität Wien = Medical University of Vienna, the Stanford Neuroscience Microscopy Service (supported by NIH No. NS069375), (IFR30, Plateau Technique Cytometrie, Toulouse), (IFR30, Plateau Technique Imagerie Cellulaire, Toulouse), ‘Incentive Grant for Scientific Research’ of the F.R.S.-FNRS (No. F.4508.18), by the FRFS-WELBIO under grant No. CR-2017 s-04, by the Acteria Foundation and by an ERC Starting Grant (No. IM-ID 801823), the Austrian Science Fund (No. P31113-B30), ProdInra, Migration, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT)
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, MESH: Nociceptors / metabolism, Dermatitis, MESH: Skin / cytology, Cell Communication, MESH: Mast Cells / metabolism, MESH: Tachykinins / genetics, MESH: Dermatitis, Atopic / pathology, MESH: Mice, Knockout, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, TAC1, Receptors, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Immunology and Allergy, Mast Cells, Aetiology, Acute inflammation, Skin, Mice, Knockout, MESH: Cell Communication / immunology, Chemistry, MESH: Dermatitis, Atopic / immunology, Pyroglyphidae, Pain Research, Degranulation, Nociceptors, Mast cell, Research Highlight, MESH: Mast Cells / immunology, 3. Good health, Nociception, medicine.anatomical_structure, Nociceptor, MESH: Tachykinins / metabolism, Female, Chronic Pain, medicine.symptom, Cell signalling, MESH: Skin / immunology, Knockout, Immunology, TRPV1, TRPV Cation Channels, Inflammation, MESH: Nociceptors / immunology, Article, Atopic, Dermatitis, Atopic, G-Protein-Coupled, 03 medical and health sciences, Tachykinins, medicine, Animals, Humans, MESH: Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / metabolism, Animal, Inflammatory and immune system, Neurosciences, MESH: Allergens / immunology, MESH: TRPV Cation Channels / metabolism, MESH: Pyroglyphidae / immunology, Allergens, [SDV.BIO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Disease Models, Animal, 030104 developmental biology, nervous system, Disease Models, Itching, MESH: Disease Models, Animal, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, 030215 immunology
Abstract: International audience; Allergic skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis, are clinically characterized by severe itching and type 2 immunity-associated hypersensitivity to widely distributed allergens, including those derived from house dust mites (HDMs). Here we found that HDMs with cysteine protease activity directly activated peptidergic nociceptors, which are neuropeptide-producing nociceptive sensory neurons that express the ion channel TRPV1 and Tac1, the gene encoding the precursor for the neuropeptide substance P. Intravital imaging and genetic approaches indicated that HDM-activated nociceptors drive the development of allergic skin inflammation by inducing the degranulation of mast cells contiguous to such nociceptors, through the release of substance P and the activation of the cationic molecule receptor MRGPRB2 on mast cells. These data indicate that, after exposure to HDM allergens, activation of TRPV1+Tac1+ nociceptor–MRGPRB2+ mast cell sensory clusters represents a key early event in the development of allergic skin reactions.
Published: 2019

3. Priming for welfare: gut microbiota is associated with equitation conditions and behavior in horse athletes

Author: Núria Mach, Aline Foury, Samuel Pennarun, Allison Clark, Sophie Dhorne-Pollet, Yuliaxis Ramayo-Caldas, Léa Lansade, Alice Ruet, Elisa Crisci, Marie-Pierre Moisan, David Bars-Cortina, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] (PRC), Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Vall Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative (GABI), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Génome et Transcriptome - Plateforme Génomique (GeT-PlaGe), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Plateforme Génome & Transcriptome (GET), Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Nutrition et Neurobiologie intégrée (NutriNeuro), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, biologie et physique-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), European Project: 6655919,P-Sphere, Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Paris-Saclay-AgroParisTech-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Producció Animal, Genètica i Millora Animal, Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur] (IFCE)-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries = Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: Male, Health Status, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], media_common.quotation_subject, lcsh:Medicine, Zoology, Environment, Gut flora, Microbiology, digestive system, Article, Behavioural methods, Cohort Studies, Feces, 03 medical and health sciences, fluids and secretions, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical Conditioning, Animal, medicine, Animals, Elite athletes, Horses, lcsh:Science, 030304 developmental biology, media_common, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, Behavior, Animal, biology, Athletes, lcsh:R, Stressor, Horse, Biodiversity, Hypervigilance, biology.organism_classification, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Phenotype, lcsh:Q, Female, medicine.symptom, Systems biology, Welfare, Priming (psychology), 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Neuroscience, Sports
Abstract: We simultaneously measured the fecal microbiota and multiple environmental and host-related variables in a cohort of 185 healthy horses reared in similar conditions during a period of eight months. The pattern of rare bacteria varied from host to host and was largely different between two time points. Among a suite of variables examined, equitation factors were highly associated with the gut microbiota variability, evoking a relationship between gut microbiota and high levels of physical and mental stressors. Behavioral indicators that pointed toward a compromised welfare state (e.g. stereotypies, hypervigilance and aggressiveness) were also associated with the gut microbiota, reinforcing the notion for the existence of the microbiota-gut-brain axis. These observations were consistent with the microbiability of behaviour traits (> 15%), illustrating the importance of gut microbial composition to animal behaviour. As more elite athletes suffer from stress, targeting the microbiota offers a new opportunity to investigate the bidirectional interactions within the brain gut microbiota axis.
Published: 2020

4. Author Correction: Dimorphic metabolic and endocrine disorders in mice lacking the constitutive androstane receptor

Author: Marion Régnier, Vassilia Theodorou, Hervé Guillou, Yannick Lippi, Frédéric Lasserre, Sarra Smati, Françoise Lenfant, Laurence Guzylack-Pirou, Claire Naylies, Arnaud Polizzi, Nicolas Loiseau, Céline Lukowicz, Sandrine Ménard, Sharon Barretto, Frédéric Boudou, Pierre Gourdy, Fabiana Oliviero, Justine Bertrand-Michel, Laila Mselli-Lakhal, Anne Fougerat, Alexandra Montagner, Sandrine Ellero-Simatos, Afifa Ait Belgnaoui, Laurence Gamet-Payrastre, Nicola Marchi, ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Toxicologie Intégrative & Métabolisme (ToxAlim-TIM), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Exposition, Perturbation Endocrino-métabolique et Reproduction (ToxAlim-EXPER), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Neuro-Gastroentérologie & Nutrition (ToxAlim-NGN), Transcriptomic impact of Xenobiotics (E23 TRiX), Plateforme Génome & Transcriptome (GET), Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), MetaboHUB, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and ProdInra, Migration
Subjects: 0303 health sciences, medicine.medical_specialty, Multidisciplinary, lcsh:R, lcsh:Medicine, Biology, 3. Good health, [SDV.TOX] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, Sexual dimorphism, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, [SDV.TOX]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Internal medicine, Constitutive androstane receptor, medicine, Endocrine system, lcsh:Q, lcsh:Science, Author Correction, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract: Metabolic diseases such as obesity, type II diabetes and hepatic steatosis are a public health concern in developed countries. The metabolic risk is gender-dependent. The constitutive androstane receptor (CAR), which is at the crossroads between energy metabolism and endocrinology, has recently emerged as a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes. In this study we sought to determine its role in the dimorphic regulation of energy homeostasis. We tracked male and female WT and CAR deficient (CAR-/-) mice for over a year. During aging, CAR-/- male mice developed hypercortisism, obesity, glucose intolerance, insulin insensitivity, dyslipidemia and hepatic steatosis. Remarkably, the latter modifications were absent, or minor, in female CAR-/- mice. When ovariectomized, CAR-/- female mice developed identical patterns of metabolic disorders as observed in male mice. These results highlight the importance of steroid hormones in the regulation of energy metabolism by CAR. They unveil a sexually dimorphic role of CAR in the maintenance of endocrine and metabolic homeostasis underscoring the importance of considering sex in treatment of metabolic diseases.
Published: 2020

5. Longitudinal analysis of the salivary metabolome of breast-fed and formula-fed infants over the first year of life

Author: Cécile Canlet, Camille Schwartz, Eric Neyraud, Marie Tremblay-Franco, Carole Tournier, Isabelle Jouanin, Hélène Brignot, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Analyse de Xénobiotiques, Identification, Métabolisme (E20 Metatoul-AXIOM), MetaToul-MetaboHUB, Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-ToxAlim (ToxAlim)
Subjects: Saliva, Time Factors, Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Clinical Biochemistry, Tooth eruption, Breastfeeding, Physiology, First year of life, Oral cavity, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, 03 medical and health sciences, Metabolome, Humans, Metabolomics, Medicine, Longitudinal Studies, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, business.industry, 010401 analytical chemistry, Infant, Infant Formula, NMR, 0104 chemical sciences, Breast Feeding, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, Formula fed, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: Introduction The salivary metabolome has been increasingly studied over the past ten years due to the potential of saliva as a non-invasive source of biomarkers. However, although saliva has been studied in relation to various diseases, its dynamic evolution during life is not known. This is particularly true for the first months of life. Infancy is indeed a critical period during which numerous behavioural and physiological events occur, such as dietary transitions and tooth eruption, which can lead to important biological modifications in the oral cavity. Objectives The aim of this work was therefore to study the evolution of the salivary metabolome during the first months of life by H-1 NMR. Methods Saliva of 32 infants with different milk feeding histories (breast vs formula) was collected at 6 stages, including 3 months old, 15 days before the onset of complementary feeding (CF), approximately 15 days after the onset of CF, approximately 21 days after the onset of CF and at approximately 11 and 15 months, and analysed. Results The longitudinal analysis showed a significant modification of the profiles of 18 metabolites over time; 14 presented an increase in abundance whereas 4 presented a decrease. These modifications seemed to be linked, for the most part, to an increase in oral microbial metabolism. Milk feeding history during the first months of life had no effect on metabolites. Conclusion This work shows that the salivary metabolome should be considered when studying the changes occurring during infancy.
Published: 2020

6. Deepoxy-deoxynivalenol retains some immune-modulatory properties of the parent molecule deoxynivalenol in piglets

Author: Ana Paula Frederico Rodrigues Loureiro Bracarense, Alix Pierron, Joëlle Laffitte, Gerd Schatzmayr, Philippe Pinton, Isabelle P. Oswald, Wulf-Dieter Moll, H.E. Schwartz-Zimmermann, Anne-Marie Cossalter, Biosynthèse & Toxicité des Mycotoxines (ToxAlim-BioToMyc), ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), BIOMIN Research Center, Lab. Patologia Animal, State University of Londrina = Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Plateforme Ezop (Ezop), University of Natural Ressources and Life Science, A. Pierron was supported by fellowship from CIFRE (2012/0572, jointly financed by the BIOMIN Holding GmbH, Association Nationale de la Recherche Technique and INRA), Biomin Research Center, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
Subjects: pig, Male, 0301 basic medicine, epoxy group, Swine, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Trichothecene, [SDV.TOX.TVM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Vegetal toxicology and mycotoxicology, Ileum, [SDV.TOX.TCA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Toxicology and food chain, Pharmacology, Biology, Weight Gain, Toxicology, medicine.disease_cause, immune response, Jejunum, 03 medical and health sciences, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, Immune system, In vivo, Intestine, Small, medicine, Animals, modified mycotoxins, [SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, Toxin, epoxy-group, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Medicine, 040401 food science, 3. Good health, in vivo, Ovalbumin, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Liver, [SDV.TOX]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, Immune System, Toxicity, biology.protein, Trichothecenes
Abstract: International audience; Deoxynivalenol (DON) is the most abundant trichothecene in food and feed. It causes both acute and chronic disorders of the human and animal intestine, liver and the immune system. The structural basis for the toxicity of DON has not been fully elucidated. Using the pig as a target and a model species for human, the toxicity of DON and its deepoxy-metabolite (DOM-1) were compared. Animals were exposed by gavage to 1 and 0.5 nmol toxin/kg bw./day for two and three weeks respectively. Whatever the dose/duration, DOM-1 was less toxic than DON in terms of weight gain and emesis. In the three week experiment, animals were vaccinated with ovalbumin, and their immune response was analyzed in addition to tissue morphology, biochemistry and hematology. DON impaired the morphology of the jejunum and the ileum, reduced villi height, decreased Ecadherin expression and modified the intestinal expression of cytokine. Similarly, DON induced hepatotoxicity as indicated by the lesion score and the blood biochemistry. By contrast, DOM-1 only induced minimal intestinal toxicity and did not trigger hepatotoxicity. As far as the immune response was concerned, the effects of ingesting DOM-1 were similar to those caused by DON, as measured by histopathology of lymphoid organs, PCNA expression and the specific antibody responses. Taken together, these data demonstrated that DOM-1, a microbial detoxification product of DON, was not toxic in the sensitive pig model but retained some immunemodulatory properties of DON, especially its ability to stimulate a specific antibody response during a vaccination protocol.
Published: 2018

7. Saturated, mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acid intake and cancer risk: results from the French prospective cohort NutriNet-Santé

Author: Françoise Guéraud, Mélanie Deschasaux, Fabrice Pierre, Céline Lavalette, Mathilde Touvier, Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot, Bernard Srour, Laury Sellem, Serge Hercberg, Pilar Galan, Paule Latino-Martel, Manon Egnell, Philippine Fassier, Thibault Fiolet, Equipe 3: EREN- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (CRESS - U1153), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Prévention et promotion de la cancérogénèse par les aliments (ToxAlim-PPCA), ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Ministere de la Sante, Institut de Veille Sanitaire (InVS), Institut National de la Prevention et de l'Education pour la Sante (INPES), Region Ile-de-France (CORDDIM), Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Conservatoire National des Arts et Metiers (CNAM), Universite Paris 13, Canceropole Ile de France/Region Ile de France, French National Cancer Institute [INCa_8085], Srour, Bernard, Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], medicine.medical_treatment, Medicine (miscellaneous), Physiology, Ascorbic Acid, Antioxidants, Cohort Studies, Cancer risk, 0302 clinical medicine, Neoplasms, Vegetables, Vitamin E, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, 2. Zero hunger, chemistry.chemical_classification, Nutrition and Dietetics, food and beverages, Vitamins, Middle Aged, Lipids, Eicosapentaenoic acid, Diet Records, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Docosahexaenoic acid, Female, France, Polyunsaturated fatty acid, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Risk Assessment, 03 medical and health sciences, Breast cancer, Dietary Fats, Unsaturated, medicine, Humans, Saturated fatty acids, Proportional Hazards Models, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, Vitamin C, business.industry, Cancer, Prospective cohort, medicine.disease, Dietary Fats, Diet, chemistry, Fruit, PUFAs, business
Abstract: International audience; Lipid intakes such as saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA) and polyunsaturated (PUFA) fatty acids have been widely studied regarding cardiovascular health, but their relevance to cancer is unclear. Inconsistent epidemiological results may be explained by varied mechanisms involving PUFAs and redox balance, inflammatory status and cell signalling, along with interactions with other dietary components such as antioxidants, dietary fibre and more generally fruits and vegetable intakes. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the associations between lipid intakes and cancer risk, and their potential modulation by vitamin C, vitamin E, dietary fibre and fruit and vegetable intakes.METHODS:This prospective study included 44,039 participants aged ≥ 45 years from the NutriNet-Santé cohort (2009-2017). Dietary data were collected using repeated 24 h-dietary records. Multivariable Cox models were performed to characterize associations.RESULTS:SFA intake was associated with increased overall [n = 1722 cases, HRQ5vsQ1 = 1.44 (1.10-1.87), p-trend = 0.008] and breast [n = 545 cases, HRQ5vsQ1 = 1.98 (1.24-3.17), p-trend = 0.01] cancer risks. n-6 PUFA [HRQ5vsQ1 = 0.56 (0.32-0.97), p-trend = 0.01] and MUFA (HRQ5vsQ1 = 0.41 [0.18-0.0.95), p-trend = 0.009] intakes were associated with a decreased risk of digestive cancers (n = 190 cases). Associations between n-6 PUFA, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intakes and digestive cancer risk were modulated by dietary fibre, vitamin C and fruit and vegetable intakes.CONCLUSION:These findings suggested that SFA intake could increase overall and breast cancer risks while some unsaturated fatty acids could decrease digestive cancer risk. However, in line with mechanistic hypotheses, our results suggest that intakes of fruits and vegetables and their constituents (antioxidants, fibre) may interact with PUFAs to modulate these associations.
Published: 2018

8. T-lymphocyte-derived enkephalins reduce Th1/Th17 colitis and associated pain in mice

Author: Nicolas Cenac, Jérôme Boué, Sophie Laffont, Arnaud Bessac, Gilles Dietrich, Laure Garnier, Lilian Basso, Catherine Blanpied, Institut de Recherche en Santé Digestive (IRSD ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse Purpan ex IFR 30 et IFR 150 (CPTP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, enkephalin, Enkephalin, medicine.drug_class, T lymphocytes, Intestinal inflammation, Inflammation, enképhaline, (+)-Naloxone, lymphocyte, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Opioid receptor, inflammation intestinale, Medicine, pain, Colitis, T-lymphocytes, Endogenous opioid, business.industry, Gastroenterology, [SDV.MHEP.HEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hépatology and Gastroenterology, Visceral pain, Enkephalins, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, Opioid, Immunology, douleur, medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, medicine.drug
Abstract: BACKGROUND:Endogenous opioids, including enkephalins, are fundamental regulators of pain. In inflammatory conditions, the local release of opioids by leukocytes at the inflammatory site inhibits nociceptor firing, thereby inducing analgesia. Accordingly, in chronic intestinal Th1/Th17-associated inflammation, enkephalins released by colitogenic CD4+ T lymphocytes relieve inflammation-induced visceral pain. The present study aims to investigate whether mucosal T-cell-derived enkephalins also exhibit a potent anti-inflammatory activity as described for exogenous opioid drugs in Th1/Th17-associated colitis.METHODS:The anti-inflammatory effects of endogenous opioids were investigated in both Th1/Th17-associated (transfer of CD4+CD45RBhigh T lymphocytes) and Th2-associated (oxazolone) colitis models in mice. Inflammation-induced colonic damage and CD4+ T cell subsets were compared in mice treated or not treated with naloxone methiodide, a peripheral antagonist of opioid receptors. The anti-inflammatory activity of T-cell-derived enkephalins was further estimated by comparison of colitis severity in immunodeficient mice into which naïve CD4+CD45RBhigh T lymphocytes originating from wild-type or enkephalin-knockout mice had been transferred.RESULTS:Peripheral opioid receptor blockade increases the severity of Th1/Th17-induced colitis and attenuates Th2 oxazolone colitis. The opposite effects of naloxone methiodide treatment in these two models of intestinal inflammation are dependent on the potency of endogenous opioids to promote a Th2-type immune response. Accordingly, the transfer of enkephalin-deficient CD4+CD45RBhigh T lymphocytes into immunodeficient mice exacerbates inflammation-induced colonic injury.CONCLUSIONS:Endogenous opioids, including T-cell-derived enkephalins, promote a Th2-type immune response, which, depending on the context, may either attenuate (Th1/Th17-associated) or aggravate (Th2-associated) intestinal inflammation.
Published: 2017

9. Circumferential Contouring of the Lower Trunk: Indications, Operative Techniques, and Outcomes—A Systematic Review

Author: Benoit Chaput, Nicolas Bertheuil, Raphael Carloni, Christian Herlin, Paul Girard, Antoine De Runz, Eric Watier, Service de chirurgie plastique, reconstructive et esthétique [Rennes] = Cosmetic Reconstructive and Plastic surgery [Rennes], CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rangueil, Department of Plastic and Craniofacial Pediatric Surgery, Hôpital Lapeyronie [Montpellier] (CHU), Médialab (Sciences Po) (Médialab), Sciences Po (Sciences Po), Microenvironnement et cancer (MiCa), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Etablissement français du sang [Rennes] (EFS Bretagne), STROMALab, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Etablissement Français du Sang-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de chirurgie plastique, reconstructive et esthétique, Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Hôpital Sud, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement Français du Sang-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), médialab (Sciences Po) (médialab), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Chard-Hutchinson, Xavier, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement Français du Sang-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Male, massive-weight-loss, medicine.medical_treatment, Belt lipectomy, lower-body lift, 030230 surgery, 0302 clinical medicine, Quality of life, Medicine, Abdominoplasty, Torso, nutritional deficiency, Middle Aged, Obesity, Morbid, 3. Good health, Treatment Outcome, loss patient, Waistline, Thigh, Patient Satisfaction, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Body Composition, Female, thigh-buttock lift, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Esthetics, bariatric surgery, venous thromboembolism, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, autologous gluteal augmentation, 03 medical and health sciences, Patient satisfaction, [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Weight Loss, Humans, Surgery, Plastic, Postoperative Care, business.industry, Wound dehiscence, Evidence-based medicine, medicine.disease, belt lipectomy, high-lateral-tension, Surgery, Otorhinolaryngology, Quality of Life, Buttocks, business
Abstract: International audience; Background - Increasing obesity prevalence and development of bariatric surgery have led to the development of skin re-draping techniques. Several contouring techniques have been described for treating the circumferential excess of the lower trunk. Materials and methods - We performed a systematic review to summarize surgical indications, operative techniques, peri-operative management (nutritional supplementation, antibiotic prophylaxis, thrombo-prophylaxis), outcomes, complications, patient satisfaction, and impact on quality of life of circumferential contouring of the lower trunk procedures. A systematic review, based on the PRISMA criteria, was conducted using the Pubmed and Cochrane databases. Results - The review included 42 articles and 1748 operated patients. Two studies only were graded as level of evidence II; the others were graded as levels III to V. The most frequently reported indication was massive weight loss. All the described techniques derived either from belt lipectomy or lower bodylift. Belt lipectomy resulted in a posterior scar situated at the waistline and allowed a better correction of hip back rolls, whereas lower bodylift was more effective on buttock and lateral thigh ptosis. The most reported complication was wound dehiscence. Patient satisfaction and quality of life scores were high in all studies. Conclusions - This review included a majority of low-level evidence studies that limit extrapolability of the results. Future randomized prospective studies may generate stronger evidence, with a standardization of surgical indications and operative techniques. Level of evidence iii - This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
Published: 2016

10. A French crop-exposure matrix for use in epidemiological studies on pesticides: PESTIMAT

Author: Baldi, Isabelle, Carles, Camille, Blanc-Lapierre, Audrey, Fabbro-Peray, Pascale, Druet-Cabanac, Michel, Boutet-Robinet, Elisa, Soulat, Jean-Marc, Bouvier, Ghislaine, Lebailly, Pierre, Group, The PESTIMAT, Epidémiologie et Biostatistique [Bordeaux], Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], BESPIM, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nîmes (CHRU Nîmes), Aide à la Décision pour une Médecine Personnalisé - Laboratoire de Biostatistique, Epidémiologie et Recherche Clinique - EA 2415 (AIDMP), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale (NET), Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-CHU Limoges-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Cancers et préventions, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Centre Régional de Lutte contre le Cancer François Baclesse (CRLC François Baclesse ), Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes), CHU Limoges-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Contaminants & Stress Cellulaire (ToxAlim-COMICS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Régional de Lutte contre le Cancer François Baclesse [Caen] (UNICANCER/CRLC), UNICANCER-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Normandie Université (NU), and The study was supported by grants from the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR), and the Institut National du Cancer (INCA, Canceropole Grand Sud-Ouest).
Subjects: Crops, Agricultural, medicine.medical_specialty, Databases, Factual, Epidemiology, occupational exposures, Health protection, Toxicology, Crop, 03 medical and health sciences, exposure matrix, 0302 clinical medicine, Occupational Exposure, Surveys and Questionnaires, Environmental health, Humans, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Duration (project management), agriculture, Exposure assessment, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, 2. Zero hunger, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Environmental Exposure, pesticides, Pesticide, crops, 030210 environmental & occupational health, Pollution, Agriculture, [SDV.TOX]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, Environmental Pollutants, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Christian ministry, France, Epidemiologic Methods, business, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract: International audience; Pesticide exposure assessment is a key methodological issue for epidemiological studies. The history of pesticide has proven difficult to obtain from individuals' report because of the wide range of active ingredients (AIs). We developed a crop-exposure matrix, which intends to reconstitute parameters of pesticide exposure in France since 1950. PESTIMAT is composed of tables crossing crops and AIs by year and providing the following metrics: (1) probability (proportion of farmers having used the AIs); (2) frequency (number of treatment days); and (3) intensity (application rate of the AIs in kg/ha). Metrics were obtained by the combination of six sources: (i) registration information from the Agriculture Ministry; (ii) information from agricultural bodies on products marketed; (iii) agricultural recommendations by the Plant Health Protection body; (iv) treatment calendars provided by farmers; (v) data from associations of farmers; and (vi) data from the industry. To date, 529 AIs usable between 1950 and 2010 are included in PESTIMAT: 160 fungicides; 160 herbicides; and 209 insecticides. When combined with duration and determinants of intensity, the metrics in PESTIMAT will make it possible to calculate exposure scores and to search for dose-effect relationships, an important criterion for causality judgment in epidemiology.
Published: 2015

11. Time course study of the response to LPS targeting the pig immune gene networks

Author: Darya Bazovkina, Laure Gress, Laurence Liaubet, Pierre Mormède, Valérie Sautron, Nathalie Villa-Vialaneix, Elena Terenina, Caroline Ydier, Yannick Lippi, Amélie Sevin-Pujol, Yvon Billon, Claire Naylies, Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Russian Academy of Science, Siberian Branch, Department of Behavioral Neurogenomics, Partenaires INRAE, Transcriptomic impact of Xenobiotics (E23 TRiX), ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Plateforme Génome & Transcriptome (GET), Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Génétique, Expérimentation et Système Innovants (GenESI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité de Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées de Toulouse (MIAT INRA), ANR-12-ADAP-0008, Région Midi-Pyrénées, Embassy of France in Russia (Mechnikov Program)., Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: Lipopolysaccharides, Male, 0301 basic medicine, Candidate gene, Stress, Hypothalamic, pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, Cortisol, Time-course, Systems biology, Microarray, Pig, PORCINE PBMCS, SIGNIFICANTLY INFLUENCES, TRANSCRIPTOMIC ANALYSIS, MOLECULAR-GENETICS, GROWING PIGS, EXPRESSION, INNATE, SWINE, LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE, ACTIVATION, Hydrocortisone, Lipopolysaccharide, Swine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Gene Regulatory Networks, [MATH]Mathematics [math], Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, Whole blood, 2. Zero hunger, medicine.anatomical_structure, Female, medicine.symptom, Research Article, Biotechnology, medicine.drug, lcsh:QH426-470, lcsh:Biotechnology, Inflammation, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, lcsh:TP248.13-248.65, White blood cell, Genetics, medicine, Animals, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Gene Expression Profiling, Immunity, Blood Cell Count, Gene expression profiling, lcsh:Genetics, [SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, Kinetics, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Immunology, Transcriptome, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Background Stress is a generic term used to describe non-specific responses of the body to all kinds of challenges. A very large variability in the response can be observed across individuals, depending on numerous conditioning factors like genetics, early influences and life history. As a result, there is a wide range of individual vulnerability and resilience to stress, also called robustness. The importance of robustness-related traits in breeding strategies is increasing progressively towards the production of animals with a high level of production under a wide range of climatic conditions and management systems, together with a lower environmental impact and a high level of animal welfare. The present study aims at describing blood transcriptomic, hormonal, and metabolic responses of pigs to a systemic challenge using lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The objective is to analyze the individual variation of the biological responses in relation to the activity of the HPA axis measured by the levels of plasma cortisol after LPS and ACTH in 120 juvenile Large White (LW) pigs. The kinetics of the response was measured with biological variables and whole blood gene expression at 4 time points. A multilevel statistical analysis was used to take into account the longitudinal aspect of the data. Results Cortisol level reaches its peak 4 h after LPS injection. The characteristic changes of white blood cell count to LPS were observed, with a decrease of total count, maximal at t=+4 h, and the mirror changes in the respective proportions of lymphocytes and granulocytes. The lymphocytes / granulocytes ratio was maximal at t=+1 h. An integrative statistical approach was used and provided a set of candidate genes for kinetic studies and ongoing complementary studies focused on the LPS-stimulated inflammatory response. Conclusions The present study demonstrates the specific biomarkers indicative of an inflammation in swine. Furthermore, these stress responses persist for prolonged periods of time and at significant expression levels, making them good candidate markers for evaluating the efficacy of anti-inflammatory drugs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-017-4363-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Published: 2017

12. Gut dysbiosis and impairment of immune system homeostasis in perinatally-exposed mice to Bisphenol A precede obese phenotype development

Author: Nancy Geoffre, Eric Houdeau, Sandrine Ménard, Laurence Guzylack-Piriou, Christel Cartier, Corinne Lencina, Frédéric Lasserre, Maïwenn Olier, Cherryl Harkat, Yann Malaisé, Eric Gaultier, Isabelle Castan, Laila Lakhal, ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Neuro-Gastroentérologie & Nutrition (ToxAlim-NGN), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Endocrinologie & Toxicologie de la Barrière Intestinale (ToxAlim-ENTeRisk), Toxicologie Intégrative & Métabolisme (ToxAlim-TIM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Exposition, Perturbation Endocrino-métabolique et Reproduction (ToxAlim-EXPER), This work was supported by grant ANR-10-CESA-005 from the Agence Nationale de la recherche, (France), grant EST-2015/1/026 from Agence Nationale de Securite Sanitaire, de l'Alimentation, de l'Environnement et du Travail (ANSES), grant from AlimH from the Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) and grant from the Region of Midi-Pyrénées, ProdInra, Migration, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Houdeau, Eric, and Guzylack-Piriou, Laurence
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Time Factors, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], toxicologie alimentaire, lcsh:Medicine, microbiote digestif, White adipose tissue, Feces, 0302 clinical medicine, Pregnancy, période perinatale, Longitudinal Studies, lcsh:Science, Mice, Inbred C3H, Multidisciplinary, Perinatal Exposure, Metabolic disorder, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], obésité, medicine.anatomical_structure, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Environmental Pollutants, Female, medicine.symptom, endocrine system, medicine.medical_specialty, Inflammation, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Immune system, Phenols, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, bisphénol a, Obesity, Benzhydryl Compounds, Lamina propria, urogenital system, business.industry, lcsh:R, medicine.disease, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Immunoglobulin A, Glucose, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, Animals, Newborn, Ageing, Immune System, Dysbiosis, lcsh:Q, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Homeostasis
Abstract: Epidemiology evidenced the Bisphenol A (BPA), a chemical found in daily consumer products, as an environmental contributor to obesity and type II diabetes (T2D) in Humans. However, the BPA-mediated effects supporting these metabolic disorders are still unknown. Knowing that obesity and T2D are associated with low-grade inflammation and gut dysbiosis, we performed a longitudinal study in mice to determine the sequential adverse effects of BPA on immune system and intestinal microbiota that could contribute to the development of metabolic disorders. We observed that perinatal exposure to BPA (50 µg/kg body weight/day) induced intestinal and systemic immune imbalances at PND45, through a decrease of Th1/Th17 cell frequencies in the lamina propria concomitant to an increase of splenic Th1/Th17 immune responses. These early effects are associated with an altered glucose sensitivity, a defect of IgA secretion into faeces and a fall of faecal bifidobacteria relative to control mice. Such BPA-mediated events precede infiltration of pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages in gonadal white adipose tissue appearing with ageing, together with a decreased insulin sensitivity and an increased weight gain. Our findings provide a better understanding of the sequential events provoked by perinatal exposure to BPA that could support metabolic disorder development in later life.
Published: 2017

13. Impact of maternal obesity on the metabolic profiles of pregnant women and their offspring at birth

Author: Cécile Canlet, Nathalie Bonvallot, Romain Desert, Nathalie Costet, Sylvaine Cordier, Jonchère, Laurent, Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Foie, métabolismes et cancer, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Analyse de Xénobiotiques, Identification, Métabolisme (E20 Metatoul-AXIOM), ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-MetaboHUB-MetaToul, Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, We acknowledge financial support from the EHESP School of Public Health, France., Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-MetaToul-MetaboHUB, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université d'Angers (UA), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-MetaToul-MetaboHUB, MetaToul AXIOM (E20), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INP - PURPAN), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-MetaboHUB-MetaToul, MetaboHUB-Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-MetaboHUB-Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, System biology, Offspring, Biomedicine general, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birth weight, Clinical Biochemistry, Physiology, Overweight, Biology, Biochemistry, Excretion, Pregnancy, Maternal obesity, Internal medicine, medicine, Metabolomics, Obesity, 2. Zero hunger, Cell Biology, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Endocrinology, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Molecular Medicine, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Apgar score, medicine.symptom, Body mass index, Biomarkers, Developmental Biology
Abstract: International audience; Obesity is currently an increasing public health problem. The intra-uterine environment plays a critical role in foetal development. The objective of this study is to investigate the association of obesity with modifications in the metabolic profiles of pregnant women, and their new-borns. Based on the PELAGIE cohort (Brittany, France), a sample of 321 pregnant women was divided into three groups according to their body mass index (BMI) (normal, over-weight and obese). Nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomics analyses were performed on maternal urine and cord-blood samples. Partial least squares regression-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), polytomous and logistic regressions were used to differentiate the metabolic profiles of the three BMI groups after adjusting for potential confounders. Specific profiles were observed for the overweight and obese women (BMI > 25) compared to the normal-weight women: they had a decrease in urinary hippurate excretion associated with a decrease in phenylalanine and an increase in creatinine. We also showed an increase in the urinary excretion of lactate, citrate, acetate, creatine, and lysine only in obese women (BMI > 30) compared to the normal-weight women. The PLS-DA modelling did not reveal any significant difference between the cord-blood metabolic profiles of newborns according to maternal BMI—although infants born of obese women had a higher birth weight and a lower Apgar score. Our results confirmed the potential link between obesity and gut microbiota disruption (changes in urinary acids), as well as energy and amino-acid metabolism but did not reveal any disruption among newborns.
Published: 2015

14. New insights into the organ-specific adverse effects of fumonisin B1: comparison between lung and liver

Author: Hervé Guillou, Isabelle P. Oswald, Nicole Therville, Arnaud Polizzi, Nicolas Loiseau, Aude Dupuy, Anne-Marie Cossalter, Thierry Levade, Jean-Denis Bailly, Jean-Luc Viadere, Justine Bertrand-Michel, Jennifer Loy, Mirindra Rakotonirainy, Olivier Puel, Martine Kolf-Clauw, Toxicologie Intégrative & Métabolisme (ToxAlim-TIM), ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Franco-czech Laboratory for clinical research on obesity, Charles University [Prague]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Plateforme Ezop (Ezop), Biosynthèse & Toxicité des Mycotoxines (ToxAlim-BioToMyc), Region Midi-Pyrenees, France, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Plateau MetaToul-LIPIDOMIQUE = MetaToul-Lipidomics, MetaToul-MetaboHUB, Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Région Midi-Pyrénées, France, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-MetaToul-MetaboHUB, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-MetaToul-MetaboHUB, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: Male, Ceramide, Swine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, [SDV.TOX.TVM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Vegetal toxicology and mycotoxicology, [SDV.TOX.TCA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Toxicology and food chain, Biology, Pharmacology, Fusarium verticillioides, Toxicology, medicine.disease_cause, Fumonisins, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Sphingosine N-Acyltransferase, Fumonisin, medicine, Animals, Enzyme Inhibitors, Lung, 030304 developmental biology, Sphingolipids, 0303 health sciences, Fumonisin B1, [SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, Toxin, Tumor Suppressor Proteins, 030302 biochemistry & molecular biology, Membrane Proteins, General Medicine, Pulmonary edema, medicine.disease, Sphingolipid, 3. Good health, carbohydrates (lipids), medicine.anatomical_structure, Liver, chemistry, Biochemistry, [SDV.TOX]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Sphingomyelin
Abstract: International audience; Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is a well-known inhibitor of de novo sphingolipid biosynthesis, due to its ability to inhibit ceramide synthases (CerS) activity. In mammals, this toxin triggers broad clinical symptoms with multi-organ dysfunction such as hepatotoxicity or pulmonary edema. The molecular mechanism of CerS inhibition by FB1 remains unknown. Due to the existence of six mammalian CerS isoforms with a tissue-specific expression pattern, we postulated that the organ-specific adverse effects of FB1 might be due to different CerS isoforms. The sphingolipid contents of lung and liver were compared in normal and FB1-exposed piglets (gavage with 1.5 mg FB1/kg body weight daily for 9 days). The effect of the toxin on each CerS was deduced from the analysis of its effects on individual ceramide (Cer) and sphingomyelin (SM) species. As expected, the total Cer content decreased by half in the lungs of FB1-exposed piglets, while in contrast, total Cer increased 3.5-fold in the livers of FB1-exposed animals. Our data also indicated that FB1 is more prone to bind to CerS4 and CerS2 to deplete lung and to enrich liver in d18:1/C20:0 and d18:1/C22:0 ceramides. It also interact with CerS1 to enrich liver in d18:1/C18:0 ceramides. Cer levels were counterbalanced by those of SM. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that the specificity of the effects of FB1 on tissues and organs is due to the effects of the toxin on CerS4, CerS2, and CerS1.
Published: 2014

15. Cell resistance to the Cytolethal Distending Toxin involves an association of DNA repair mechanisms

Author: Julien Vignard, Bernard Salles, Yann Malaisé, Elisa Boutet-Robinet, Aurore Loeuillet, Gladys Mirey, Marianne Chevalier, Elisabeth Bezine, Mirey, Gladys, Vignard, Julien, ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Contaminants & Stress Cellulaire (ToxAlim-COMICS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Génotoxicité & Signalisation (ToxAlim-GS), Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) program [ANR-10-CESA-011], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, INP (Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
Subjects: DNA Replication, 0301 basic medicine, DNA End-Joining Repair, Cytolethal distending toxin, DNA repair, DNA damage, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Bacterial Toxins, Biology, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Fanconi anemia, medicine, Humans, DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded, Homologous Recombination, Multidisciplinary, 030102 biochemistry & molecular biology, Mutagenesis, HCT116 Cells, medicine.disease, Cell biology, Non-homologous end joining, 030104 developmental biology, Homologous recombination, HeLa Cells, Nucleotide excision repair
Abstract: The Cytolethal Distending Toxin (CDT), produced by many bacteria, has been associated with various diseases including cancer. CDT induces DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), leading to cell death or mutagenesis if misrepaired. At low doses of CDT, other DNA lesions precede replication-dependent DSB formation, implying that non-DSB repair mechanisms may contribute to CDT cell resistance. To address this question, we developed a proliferation assay using human cell lines specifically depleted in each of the main DNA repair pathways. Here, we validate the involvement of the two major DSB repair mechanisms, Homologous Recombination and Non Homologous End Joining, in the management of CDT-induced lesions. We show that impairment of single-strand break repair (SSBR), but not nucleotide excision repair, sensitizes cells to CDT, and we explore the interplay of SSBR with the DSB repair mechanisms. Finally, we document the role of the replicative stress response and demonstrate the involvement of the Fanconi Anemia repair pathway in response to CDT. In conclusion, our work indicates that cellular survival to CDT-induced DNA damage involves different repair pathways, in particular SSBR. This reinforces a model where CDT-related genotoxicity primarily involves SSBs rather than DSBs, underlining the importance of cell proliferation during CDT intoxication and pathogenicity.
Published: 2016

16. Maternal high-fat diet prevents developmental programming by early-life stress

Author: Pierre Delage, Amandine Lépinay, Muriel Darnaudéry, Sophie Layé, Jean Fioramonti, Marion Rincel, Vassilia Theodorou, Nutrition et Neurobiologie intégrée (NutriNeuro), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, biologie et physique, ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Neuro-Gastroentérologie & Nutrition (ToxAlim-NGN), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), This work was supported by the University of Bordeaux (BQR, Aide a l'installation nouvelle equipe), INRA (Action Prioritaire Dpt AlimH), Projet inter-regions Aquitaine et Midi-Pyrenees and by the French National Research Agency (IBISS project ANR-12-DSSA-0004). MR and ALL were supported by a stipend of the Ministere de l'Enseignement Superieur et de la Recherche, Nutrition et Neurobiologie intégrée (NutriNeur0), Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, biologie et physique-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Anxiety, Overweight, human health, 0302 clinical medicine, Lactation, rat, Maternal Behavior, Maternal deprivation, Maternal Deprivation, critère de stress, santé humaine, 3. Good health, système nerveux central, régime alimentaire, Psychiatry and Mental health, medicine.anatomical_structure, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A, cerveau, Gestation, Female, Original Article, pregnancy, medicine.symptom, Psychology, medicine.medical_specialty, Offspring, Prefrontal Cortex, Diet, High-Fat, grossesse, Life Change Events, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, comportement maternel, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Rats, Wistar, Biological Psychiatry, Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, Pregnancy, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Body Weight, central nervous system, medicine.disease, Repressor Proteins, Disease Models, Animal, mothering ability, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, Animals, Newborn, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Anxiety disorders and depression are well-documented in subjects exposed to adverse childhood events. Recently, maternal obesity and/or maternal consumption of high-fat diets (HFD) have been also proposed as risk factors for offspring mental health. Here using an animal model in rats, we explored the combinatorial effects of a maternal HFD (40% of energy from fat without impact on maternal weight; during gestation and lactation) and maternal separation (MS) in offspring. In the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of pups, MS led to changes in the expression of several genes such as Bdnf (brain derived neurotrophic factor), 5HT-r1a (serotonin receptor 1a) and Rest4 (neuron-restrictive silencer element, repressor element 1, silencing transcription factor (Rest), splicing variant 4). Surprisingly, perinatal HFD strongly attenuated the developmental alterations induced by MS. Furthermore, maternal HFD totally prevented the endophenotypes (anxiety, spatial memory, social behavior, hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis response to stress, hippocampal neurogenesis and visceral pain) associated with MS at adulthood. Finally, we also demonstrated that HFD intake reduced anxiety and enhanced maternal care in stressed dams. Overall, our data suggest that a HFD restricted to gestation and lactation, which did not lead to overweight in dams, had limited effects in unstressed offspring, highlighting the role of maternal obesity, rather than fat exposure per se, on brain vulnerability during development.
Published: 2016

17. Extensive genomic diversity and selective conservation of virulence-determinants in enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli strains of O157 and non-O157 serotypes

Author: Jean-Philippe Nougayrède, Eric Oswald, Yoshitoshi Ogura, Satoru Kuhara, Jun Terajima, Kousuke Tashiro, Keisuke Nakayama, Haruo Watanabe, Ken Kurokawa, Tetsuya Hayashi, Asadulghani, Tadasuke Ooka, Toru Tobe, Institut de Recherche en Santé Digestive (IRSD ), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Miyazaki, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes [Toulouse] (IHAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Kyushu University, and Osaka University
Subjects: Virulence Factors, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Prophages, Molecular Sequence Data, Virulence, Escherichia coli O157, medicine.disease_cause, Genome, Microbiology, Evolution, Molecular, 03 medical and health sciences, fluids and secretions, Plasmid, medicine, Gene, Escherichia coli, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, 030304 developmental biology, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Base Sequence, biology, 030306 microbiology, Research, Genetic Variation, Shiga toxin, Genomics, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, 3. Good health, Horizontal gene transfer, biology.protein, bacteria, Genome, Bacterial, Plasmids, Locus of enterocyte effacement
Abstract: Comparing the genomes of O157 and non-O157 enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) strains reveals the selective conservation of a large number of virulence determinants., Background Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157 causes severe food-borne illness in humans. The chromosome of O157 consists of 4.1 Mb backbone sequences shared by benign E. coli K-12, and 1.4 Mb O157-specific sequences encoding many virulence determinants, such as Shiga toxin genes (stx genes) and the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE). Non-O157 EHECs belonging to distinct clonal lineages from O157 also cause similar illness in humans. According to the 'parallel' evolution model, they have independently acquired the major virulence determinants, the stx genes and LEE. However, the genomic differences between O157 and non-O157 EHECs have not yet been systematically analyzed. Results Using microarray and whole genome PCR scanning analyses, we performed a whole genome comparison of 20 EHEC strains of O26, O111, and O103 serotypes with O157. In non-O157 EHEC strains, although genome sizes were similar with or rather larger than O157 and the backbone regions were well conserved, O157-specific regions were very poorly conserved. Around only 20% of the O157-specific genes were fully conserved in each non-O157 serotype. However, the non-O157 EHECs contained a significant number of virulence genes that are found on prophages and plasmids in O157, and also multiple prophages similar to, but significantly divergent from, those in O157. Conclusion Although O157 and non-O157 EHECs have independently acquired a huge amount of serotype- or strain-specific genes by lateral gene transfer, they share an unexpectedly large number of virulence genes. Independent infections of similar but distinct bacteriophages carrying these virulence determinants are deeply involved in the evolution of O157 and non-O157 EHECs.
Published: 2007

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17 results on '"Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT)"'

1. Inhibition of ubiquitin-specific protease 7 sensitizes acute myeloid leukemia to chemotherapy

2. House dust mites activate nociceptor–mast cell clusters to drive type 2 skin inflammation

3. Priming for welfare: gut microbiota is associated with equitation conditions and behavior in horse athletes

4. Author Correction: Dimorphic metabolic and endocrine disorders in mice lacking the constitutive androstane receptor

5. Longitudinal analysis of the salivary metabolome of breast-fed and formula-fed infants over the first year of life

6. Deepoxy-deoxynivalenol retains some immune-modulatory properties of the parent molecule deoxynivalenol in piglets

7. Saturated, mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acid intake and cancer risk: results from the French prospective cohort NutriNet-Santé

8. T-lymphocyte-derived enkephalins reduce Th1/Th17 colitis and associated pain in mice

9. Circumferential Contouring of the Lower Trunk: Indications, Operative Techniques, and Outcomes—A Systematic Review

10. A French crop-exposure matrix for use in epidemiological studies on pesticides: PESTIMAT

11. Time course study of the response to LPS targeting the pig immune gene networks

12. Gut dysbiosis and impairment of immune system homeostasis in perinatally-exposed mice to Bisphenol A precede obese phenotype development

13. Impact of maternal obesity on the metabolic profiles of pregnant women and their offspring at birth

14. New insights into the organ-specific adverse effects of fumonisin B1: comparison between lung and liver

15. Cell resistance to the Cytolethal Distending Toxin involves an association of DNA repair mechanisms

16. Maternal high-fat diet prevents developmental programming by early-life stress

17. Extensive genomic diversity and selective conservation of virulence-determinants in enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli strains of O157 and non-O157 serotypes

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