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Helicobacter pylori is one of the most common bacteria affecting human societies worldwide, and is mainly associated with gastrointestinal complications due to different virulence factors. This study aimed to investigate some virulence genes of H. pylori in gastric biopsies of patients with gastritis in Sari city, North of Iran. Informed consent forms were obtained from the studied patients, and those who needed endoscopy were included in the study. To evaluate the prevalence of cagA, iceA1, iceA2, vacA, dupA, and oipA genes, gastric biopsies with positive or negative rapid urease test were collected from 50 patients (25 in each group) with gastro-duodenal diseases. The bacterial DNAs were extracted by a specific kit, and the presence of the genes was analyzed by PCR using specific primers. Eighteen (72%) biopsies from 25 H. pylori-positive samples were cagA-positive, while 17 (68%) biopsies contained the vacA gene, and 11 (44%) samples had both vacA and cagA genes. However, 16 (64%), 12 (48%), 13 (52%), and 14 (56%) biopsies contained dupA, iceA1, iceA2, and oipA genes, respectively. Due to the significant role of the studied virulence factors in the pathogenicity of H. pylori, the high prevalence of these factors in biopsies of patients with gastritis is a concern needing to the management in this region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction and objective: Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori) is a human gastric pathogen. Because of presence of H. pylori oral cavity, there is a possibility of H. pylori transmission by oral-oral route. In a crosssectional study, the presence of some virulence factors of H. pylori and also non-pylori Helicobacters in dental plaque samples of participants was investigated. Methods: The samples were collected from at least two teeth surfaces. DNA of the samples was extracted using specific kit. The presence of dupA ( jhp0917 and jhp0918) and babA2 genes and also Helicobacter genus and H. pylori species was investigated using polymerase chain reaction by specific primers. Results: In total 44% (20/45) and 86.7% (39/45) of samples was positive for ureC and 16SrRNA genes respectively. The frequency of babA2, jhp0917 and jhp0918 genes in H. pylori isolates were 40, 20 and 65% respectively. It seems 19 samples were positive probably non-pylori Helicobacters. Conclusion: In the present study we report for the first time the presence of non- pylori Helicobacter species and also high frequency of babA2 and dupA genotypes in dental plaque samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction and objective: Bacterial virulence factors are important in determining the outcome of H. pylori associated diseases. The initial stage of colonization is the binding of H. pylori to surface receptors on gastric epithelial cells known as bаbА. It caused colonization by another recently described H. pylori virulence factor, the duodenal ulcer promoter gene A, which is a specific marker for the development of duodenal ulcer and protection against gastric adenocarcinoma. Based on heterogeneity among H. pylori strains, this study was aimed at investigating the frequency of bаbА and dupA genes in clinical isolates of H. pylori and its correlation with different H. pylori associated diseases in Kermanshah, Iran. Methods: Stomach biopsy specimens were collected and inoculated into egg yolk and antibiotics supplemented Columbia agar. Presumptive colonies were confirmed biochemically and genetically, and the presence of bаbА and dupA genes was detected by PCR. Results: This study included a total of 96 isolates from patients with different gastroduodenal disorders. The prevalence of bаbА and dupA genes was observed to be 58.38 and 37.5%, respectively. Conclusion: Despite the fact that there was no statistically significant relationship between bаbА and dupA virulence factors and gastroduodenal diseases, a high frequency of the genes was recorded among the isolates in Iran. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a cell surface protein that is overexpressed in prostate cancer. Due to the specificity of expression of PSMA, numerous urea-based ligands have been synthesized until now. In the current study, we describe the coupling of the chelator desferrioxamine to DUPA-Pep and the subsequent labelling with Ga-68 and Zr-89 as new PSMA ligands. The labelling step is performed at room temperature and pH 7.5. In both radiosyntheses, the RCYs were higher than 95 % within 10 min, making dispensable any further purification and providing the radiotracers directly applicable for further utilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]