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Cell death is a fundamental physiological process in all living organisms. Processes such as embryonic development, organ formation, tissue growth, organismal immunity, and drug response are accompanied by cell death. In recent years with the development of electron microscopy as well as biological techniques, especially the discovery of novel death modes such as ferroptosis, cuprotosis, alkaliptosis, oxeiptosis, and disulfidptosis, researchers have been promoted to have a deeper understanding of cell death modes. In this systematic review, we examined the current understanding of modes of cell death, including the recently discovered novel death modes. Our analysis highlights the common and unique pathways of these death modes, as well as their impact on surrounding cells and the organism as a whole. Our aim was to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of research on cell death, with a focus on identifying gaps in our knowledge and opportunities for future investigation. We also presented a new insight for macroscopic intracellular survival patterns, namely that intracellular molecular homeostasis is central to the balance of different cell death modes, and this viewpoint can be well justified by the signaling crosstalk of different death modes. These concepts can facilitate the future research about cell death in clinical diagnosis, drug development, and therapeutic modalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ultra-high performance engineered cementitious composite (UHP-ECC), which is known for its exceptional compressive strength, tensile strength, and ductility, has been emerged as a promising option for repairing and strengthening reinforced concrete (RC) structures. The bond between UHP-ECC and normal concrete is the key issue for the material to be successfully implemented. This paper presents an experimental investigation focused on understanding the tensile and shear behavior of the bonding interface between UHP-ECC and concrete. A total of 78 specimens were prepared and tensile splitting tests and push-out tests were carried out. The study examined key parameters including the strength of the concrete substrate, the roughness of the interface, and the moisture condition at the interface. Various failure modes are observed in the specimens under tensile splitting force and direct shear force, and it is found that the influence of the key parameters varied depending on the type of failure mode. In specimens experiencing full interface debonding or interface failure combined with substrate cracks, the roughness of the interface and the moisture degree have a significant impact on the tensile and shear strength. Conversely, in specimens with full substrate disruption, the strength of the substrates plays a more significant role. Additionally, the study reveals that the grooving treatment is highly effective in improving the shear strength of the interface, but its impact on enhancing the tensile strength is comparatively less pronounced. Prediction models for the tensile and shear strength of the interface are established and verified against the test results. The proposed models provide valuable insights into the behavior of the UHP-ECC to concrete interface and can aid in predicting its performance in practical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this prospective, multicenter, Phase 2 clinical trial (NCT02987244), patients with peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) who had responded to first-line chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin or epirubicin, vincristine or vindesine, etoposide, and prednisone (Chi-CHOEP) were treated by autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) or with chidamide maintenance or observation. A total of 85 patients received one of the following interventions: ASCT (n = 15), chidamide maintenance (n = 44), and observation (n = 26). estimated 3 PFS and OS rates were 85.6%, 80.8%, and 49.4% (P = 0.001). The two-year OS rates were 85.6%, 80.8%, and 69.0% (P = 0.075).The ASCT and chidamide maintenance groups had significantly better progression-free survival (PFS) than the observation group (P = 0.001, and P = 0.01, respectively). The overall survival (OS) differed significantly between the chidamide maintenance group and the observation group (P = 0.041). The multivariate and propensity score matching analyses for PFS revealed better outcomes in the subjects in the chidamide maintenance than observation groups (P = 0.02). The ASCT and chidamide maintenance groups had significant survival advantages over the observation group. In the post-remission stage of the untreated PTCL patients, single-agent chidamide maintenance demonstrated superior PFS and better OS than observation. Our findings highlight the potential benefit of chidamide in this patient subset, warranting further investigation through larger prospective trials. Clinical trial registration: clinicaltrial.gov, NCT02987244. Registered 8 December 2016, http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02987244. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microbial degradation of fluorinated compounds raised significant attention because of their widespread distribution and potential environmental impacts. Here, we report a bacterial isolate, Rhodococcus sp. NJF-7 capable of defluorinating monofluorinated medium-chain length alkanes. This isolate consumed 2.29 ± 0.13 mmol L− 1 of 1-fluorodecane (FD) during a 52 h incubation period, resulting in a significant release of inorganic fluoride amounting to 2.16 ± 0.03 mmol L− 1. The defluorination process was strongly affected by the initial FD concentration and pH conditions, with lower pH increasing fluoride toxicity to bacterial cells and inhibiting enzymatic defluorination activity. Stoichiometric conversion of FD to fluoride was observed at neutral pH with resting cells, while defluorination was significantly lower at reduced pH (6.5). The discovery of the metabolites decanoic acid and methyl decanoate suggests that the initial attack by monooxygenases may be responsible for the biological defluorination of FD. The findings here provide new insights into microbial defluorination processes, specifically aiding in understanding the environmental fate of organic semi-fluorinated alkane chemicals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At the 3MV tandem accelerator of Sichuan University, monoenergetic neutrons were generated through the T(d,n)4He reaction by bombarding a Tritium–Titanium (T–Ti) target with a 2 MeV deuterium beam. The neutron activation method and offline gamma-ray spectroscopy were utilized to measure the cross sections of the 232Th(n,2n)231Th reaction at neutron energies of 12.49 ± 0.33 MeV, 16.38 ± 0.60 MeV, and 18.10 ± 0.23 MeV. Factors such as neutron scattering, neutron flux fluctuation, cascade coincidence effects in gamma-ray measurements, and gamma-ray self-absorption were analytically corrected. The TALYS-1.9 program was used to calculate the reaction cross sections of 232Th(n,2n)231Th within the 6–20 MeV neutron energy range. The experimental data were compared and analyzed against existing experimental data, evaluated data from CENDL-3.2, ENDF/B-VIII, JENDL-5, ROSFONDR-2010 and theoretical values computed by TALYS-1.9. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High quality is an important goal of wheat breeding. Several superstrong gluten wheat varieties, e.g. 'Xinmai 26' and 'Xinmai 45', have been bred to meet the needs of the consumer market. However, the genetic composition, transmission frequency, and genetic contribution of these varieties and their progeny are not clear. To analyse the genetic composition of the high-quality strong gluten wheat varieties 'Xinmai 26' and 'Xinmai 45', the genetic contribution rates of parents to the varieties were determined using 6056 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers detected by a widely used high-throughput wheat array (15 K chip). Additionally, the chromosome polymorphisms of five related wheat varieties were determined by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using four oligonucleotide probe sets. The results showed that the genetic contribution rate of 'Jinan 17' to 'Xinmai 26' was 55.97%, much higher than that (15.81%) of 'Xinmai 18'. 'Jimai 20' showed a genetic contribution rate of 57.53% to 'Xinmai 45', slightly higher than that of 'Xinmai 26' (40.21%). The specific fragment differences between male and female parents were identified in both breeding varieties, and 'Xinmai 26' had more specific fragments that differed from those of the male and female parents than 'Xinmai 45'. The chromosomes of group A and group B of the five varieties were significantly polymorphic, but no chromosomal translocations or inversions were found. These promising results will allow exploration of the genetic pattern of high-quality varieties, promote breeding efficiency, and facilitate the utilisation of the superior traits of backbone parents for wheat quality improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Landfill leachate is a complex wastewater with high concentration and toxicity that poses a serious threat to public health and the environment by contaminating groundwater. Although natural attenuation processes occur within the aquifer, the temporal changes in geochemical parameters and microbial community structure within the pollution plume are not well understood. This study features microcosm simulation experiments conducted using a range of dilution ratios intended to simulate different locations within a landfill leachate pollution plume. The study monitored changes in biogeochemical parameters at different positions of the pollution plume during natural attenuation. The results show that the pollution source of landfill leachate leakage contamination is characterized by high electrical conductivity (EC) and low oxidation–reduction potential (ORP). Biogeochemical parameters within the plume changed significantly, with oxygen being rapidly consumed to form an anaerobic environment that entered an initial stage of acid production followed by methane production. The pH decreased during the acid-producing stage, but then increased during the methanogenic stage, with a concurrent decrease in total organic carbon (TOC) content. In addition, 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing revealed that in areas closer to the pollution source, the bacterial diversity index was lower and the relative abundance of Prolixibacteraceae and Trueperaceae as well as microorganisms capable of anaerobic fermentation, degradation, and heavy metal resistance was higher. Spearman correlation analysis of geochemical parameters and microbial functional genes demonstrated that an environment characterized by low dissolved oxygen (DO) and ORP within the plume could enhance the abundance of microbial functional genes associated with transport and catabolism, energy metabolism, nucleotide metabolism, replication and repair, and membrane transport. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) is a key signalling component in the production of type-I interferons, which have essential antiviral activities, including against SARS-CoV-2. TBK1, and its homologue IκB kinase-ε (IKKε), can also induce pro-inflammatory responses that contribute to pathogen clearance. While initially protective, sustained engagement of type-I interferons is associated with damaging hyper-inflammation found in severe COVID-19 patients. The contribution of TBK1/IKKε signalling to these responses is unknown. Here we find that the small molecule idronoxil inhibits TBK1/IKKε signalling through destabilisation of TBK1/IKKε protein complexes. Treatment with idronoxil, or the small molecule inhibitor MRT67307, suppresses TBK1/IKKε signalling and attenuates cellular and molecular lung inflammation in SARS-CoV-2-challenged mice. Our findings additionally demonstrate that engagement of STING is not the major driver of these inflammatory responses and establish a critical role for TBK1/IKKε signalling in SARS-CoV-2 hyper-inflammation. TANK-binding kinase-1 (TBK1) and its homologue IκB kinase-ε (IKKε) are critical in the induction of the interferon response and the response to infection by pathogens. Here the authors show that pharmacological targeting of TBK1 AND IKKε reduces the immunopathology seen in a murine model of SARS-COV-2 infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We calculate the soft function using lattice QCD in the framework of large momentum effective theory incorporating the one-loop perturbative contributions. The soft function is a crucial ingredient in the lattice determination of light cone objects using transverse-momentum-dependent (TMD) factorization. It consists of a rapidity-independent part called intrinsic soft function and a rapidity-dependent part called Collins-Soper kernel. We have adopted appropriate normalization when constructing the pseudoscalar meson form factor that is needed in the determination of the intrinsic part and applied Fierz rearrangement to suppress the higher-twist effects. In the calculation of CS kernel we consider a CLS ensemble other than the MILC ensemble used in a previous study. We have also compared the applicability of determining the CS kernel using quasi TMDWFs and quasi TMDPDFs. As an example, the determined soft function is used to obtain the physical TMD wave functions (WFs) of pion and unpolarized iso-vector TMD parton distribution functions (PDFs) of proton. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Momentum distributions of quarks/gluons inside a light baryon in a hard exclusive process are encoded in the light-cone distribution amplitudes (LCDAs). In this work, we point out that the leading twist LCDAs of a light baryon can be obtained through a simulation of a quasi-distribution amplitude calculable on lattice QCD within the framework of the large-momentum effective theory. We calculate the one-loop perturbative contributions to LCDA and quasi-distribution amplitudes and explicitly demonstrate the factorization of quasi-distribution amplitudes at the one-loop level. Based on the perturbative results, we derive the matching kernel in the MS ¯ scheme and regularization-invariant momentum-subtraction scheme. Our result provides a first step to obtaining the LCDA from first principle lattice QCD calculations in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Arrested cells/ cellular debris is component left in the zona pellucida after blastocyst hatching. To identify whether expelling arrested cells/cellular debris from blastocysts is a process of human embryo self-correction by eliminating abnormal cells, 21 pairs of trophectoderm (TE) biopsies and the corresponding arrested cells/cellular debris expelled from the blastocysts from July to December 2020 were collected and analyzed using next-generation sequencing (NGS). Then, the NGS results of TE biopsies and the corresponding arrested cells/cellular debris were compared. We identified that 47.6% of blastocysts (10/21) were aneuploidies and mosaicism. A total of 18 groups of arrested cells/cellular debris (85.7%) expelled from blastocysts were abnormal, including nine aneuploid embryos and nine euploid embryos. In the arrested cells/cellular debris, all the chromosomes were affected. In conclusion, mosaicism and aneuploidies are common features of early embryonic development, and the arrested cells/cellular debris expelled from blastocysts provides evidence of early embryonic self-correction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lipidomics approach by UPLC-Q-Exactive-MS was used for the identification, quantification, comparison, and characterization of sphingolipids in virus infected marine Emiliania huxleyi BOF92 cells. The results show that 16 significantly changed sphingolipids (including Cer, CerG1, and SPHm) were identified during viral infection. Our data confirmed previously recognized facts that viral infection led to a shift toward virus-specific sphingolipids, which is consistent with the down-regulation of genes involved in the host de novo sphingolipid biosynthesis. Moreover, we revealed the upregulation of virus-encoded homologous genes participating in de novo sphingolipids biosynthesis and virus-specific hydroxylated long chain bases (LCBs) as phytoCer, suggesting the competitive inhibition of host sphingolipid synthesis to produce the required building blocks for viral production, replication, and assembly. Additionally, Cer 40:1;2, Cer 40: 2;2 isomer, and CerG1 39:0;2, Cer 39: 0;2 as novel metabolite markers might indicate the general dysfunctions in E. huxleyi in response to viral infection. Our results show that viral infection led to a profound remodeling of host sphingolipidome, by which viruses depend on the hijacking of host sphingolipid metabolism to support the viral life cycle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the past few years, with the advent and developments of artificial intelligence, the location-based mobile services became prevalent, which produce large-scale location-based data that embeds abundant hints of user preferences on locations. Point of interest (POI) recommendation, as one of the significant mobile services, aims to recommend new satisfactory location to user according to their historical records. Existing classical POI recommendation models based on matrix factorization and collaborative filtering both face a significant challenge that they can not capture the users' preferences deeply and effectively. Hence, we propose a deep POI recommendation model (Neu-PCM), which is based on neural networks, to extract the potential correlation between user and location. First, we present a local learning and dimension-reduction network to obtain the key information. Second, we put forward a union network to mine the potential correlation effectively. Third, we build a deep matrix factorization to enhance the final prediction by correlation combination. The results of experiments on real-world datasets demonstrate our model outperforms the current popular recommendation algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studying the insertion process of cochlear implant (CI) electrode array (EA) is important to ensure successful, sufficient, and safe implantation. A three-dimensional finite element (FE) model was developed to simulate the insertion process. The cochlear structures were reconstructed from an average statistical shape model (SSM) of human cochlea. The electrode is simplified as a long and tapered beam of homogeneous elastic materials, contacting and interacting with the stiff cochlear structures. A quasi-static insertion simulation was conducted, the insertion force and the contact pressure between the electrode and the cochlear wall, were calculated to evaluate the smoothness of insertion and the risk of potential cochlear trauma. Based on this model, different EA designs were analyzed, including the Young's modulus, the straight or bended shape, the normal or a more tapped section size. The influence of the insertion angle was also discussed. Our simulations indicate that reducing the EA Young's modulus, tapering and pre-bending are effective ways to ensure safe and successful EA implantation. This model is beneficial for optimizing EA designs and is potentially useful for designing patient-specific CI surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection causes abnormal lipid metabolism in hepatocytes, which leads to hepatic steatosis and even hepatocellular carcinoma. HCV nonstructural protein 4B (NS4B) has been reported to induce lipogenesis, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. In this study, western blots were performed to investigate the effect of NS4B protein levels on key effectors of the Hippo and AKT signaling pathways. Yes-associated protein (YAP) and moesin-ezrin-radixin-like protein (Merlin) are effectors of the Hippo pathway. NS4B downregulated Merlin and phosphorylated YAP (p-YAP) protein expression while increasing the expression of the key AKT pathway proteins p-AKT and NF-κB. By observing the levels of AKT pathway proteins when Merlin was overexpressed or silenced, it was determined that Merlin mediates the AKT pathway. We suggest that HCV NS4B may mediate the AKT signaling pathway by inhibiting the Hippo pathway. Lipid droplets were observed in Huh7.5 cells overexpressing NS4B, and they increased significantly in number when Merlin was silenced. Overexpression of NS4B and Merlin silencing enhanced the expression of sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs), which have been demonstrated to be key regulatory factors controlling fatty acid synthesis. NS4B and Merlin silencing also enhanced the in vitro proliferative capacity of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. In conclusion, NS4B induces lipogenesis via the effect of the Hippo-YAP pathway on the AKT signaling pathway and thereby plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of HCV-associated diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the cloud manufacturing process, service composition can combine a single service into a complex service to meet the task requirements. An efficient service composition strategy is crucial, as it affects the efficiency of resource and capacity sharing in the cloud manufacturing system. However, in the face of a large-scale environment, the existing methods have the problems of slow convergence and instability. To solve the problems above, we propose an improved optimization method, named improved-TC. Specifically, we are inspired by the horizontal crossover of CSO in the hybrid-TC teaching phase, the Hybrid-TC is proposed in our previous work, which is a hybrid of the teaching-learning-based optimization algorithm (TLBO) and the crisscross optimization algorithm (CSO). Improved-TC is an improvement on the learning phase of hybrid-TC algorithm, we change the search method of hybrid-TC in the learning phase to a one-dimensional search, thereby some dimensions in the population that are trapped in the local optimum have the chance to jump out of the iteration. Experiments show that our proposed method has a faster convergence speed and more stability in the face of service composition in large-scale environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In large-momentum effective theory (LaMET), the transverse-momentum-dependent (TMD) light-front wave functions and soft functions can be extracted from the simulation of a four-quark form factor and equal-time correlation functions. In this work, using expansion by regions we provide a one-loop proof of TMD factorization of the form factor. For the one-loop validation, we also present a detailed calculation of O (αs) perturbative corrections to these quantities, in which we adopt a modern technique for the calculation of TMD form factor based the integration by part and differential equation. The one-loop hard functions are then extracted. Using lattice data from Lattice Parton Collaboration on quasi-TMDWFs, we estimate the effects from the one-loop matching kernel and find that the perturbative corrections depend on the operator to define the form factor, but are less sensitive to the transverse separation. These results will be helpful to precisely extract the soft functions and TMD wave functions from the first-principle in future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a highly infectious epidemic in aquaculture, Pseudomonas plecoglossicida infection results in high mortality of teleosts and serious economic losses. Host–pathogen interactions shape the outcome of an infection, yet we still understand little about the molecular mechanism of these pathogen-mediated processes. Here, a P. plecoglossicida strain (NZBD9) and Epinephelus coioides were investigated as a model system to characterize pathogen-induced host metabolic remodeling over the course of infection. We present a non-targeted metabolomics profiling of E. coioides spleens from uninfected E. coioides and those infected with wild-type and clpV-RNA interference (RNAi) strains. The most significant changes of E. coioides upon infection were associated with amino acids, lysophospatidylcholines, and unsaturated fatty acids, involving disturbances in host nutritional utilization and immune responses. Dihydrosphingosine and fatty acid 16:2 were screened as potential biomarkers for assessing P. plecoglossicida infection. The silencing of the P. plecoglossicida clpV gene significantly recovered the lipid metabolism of infected E. coioides. This comprehensive metabolomics study provides novel insights into how P. plecoglossicida shape host metabolism to support their survival and replication and highlights the potential of the virulence gene clpV in the treatment of P. plecoglossicida infection in aquaculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of short-term insemination and early-rescue intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), an approach that rescued oocytes with unclear second polar body 6 h after initial insemination by ICSI (early R-ICSI) to avoid total or near-total fertilization failure in conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF). Methods: We performed a retrospective study in 16,769 patients (short-term IVF, n = 12,094; ICSI, n = 3452; early R-ICSI, n = 1223) who received IVF/ICSI treatment in our hospital from January 2009 to October 2018. Fertilization and clinical outcomes were compared among those three groups. Results: When considering the R-ICSI embryos in the early R-ICSI group independently, the rates of fertilization and day-3 cleaved embryos in 2PN oocytes were comparable, the rates of fertilization (2PN) and high-quality embryos were lower, whereas the multi-PN fertilization rate (3.27%) was significantly higher than the ICSI group (1.26%). The difference of clinical pregnancy rate between the part of transferred R-ICSI embryos (40.81%) and the ICSI group (44.73%) remained nonsignificant. Furthermore, the rate of congenital birth defects in the early R-ICSI group (0.99%) was not significantly different from those in the short-term IVF (0.76%) and ICSI groups (1.07%). Conclusion: Despite the multi-PN fertilization rate, our study highlights early R-ICSI as a safe and effective alternative in assisted reproduction to decrease complete IVF fertilization failure and reduce ICSI utilization. Additional large amount and long-term follow-up studies are needed to further validate the use of early R-ICSI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To connect low voltage renewable energy sources to the DC bus of a power microgrid system for wider applications, a high efficiency, high step-up, and reasonably priced dc–dc converter is in need as an interface. In this study, a novel high voltage gain dc–dc converter with series LC quasi-resonant boost stages is proposed. Three resonant loops with quasi-resonant operation are used to achieve a high gain with a low duty cycle. All three of the diodes can turn off with zero current switching (ZCS), which avoids the reverse recovery problem. In addition, both of the switches achieve the zero voltage switching (ZVS) condition. The circulating current used to achieve soft-switching is recycled by the output capacitor. The voltage gain can be further improved when soft-switching is not considered, which is of practical use in the case of an emergency. Moreover, the input source, the output, and the switches have a common ground to help simplify the driver of the switches and to expand the scope of transformer-less applications. The operation principle and a mathematical analysis of the proposed topology have been described in detail in this study. In addition, a 200 W prototype is built and tested to verify the main features of the proposed converter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies on the checked-in point-of-interests have become an important means to learn user's behavior. Nevertheless, users do not sign in to all visited locations. There are unobserved check-in locations in the generated POI trajectory. Such the trajectory is called an incomplete trajectory, and unobserved point is called missing point. However, incomplete trajectory has a negative impact on downstream tasks such as personalized recommendation system, criminal identification and next location prediction. It is a challenge to use the forward sequence and backward sequence information of the missing point to complete the missing POI. Therefore, we propose a bidirectional model based on mask and attention mechanism (BMAM) to solve the problem of missing POI completion in user's incomplete trajectory. The context information of trajectory checked in by user can be mined to connect the missing POI with the forward sequence and backward sequence information. Therefore, the model learns the order dependence between each location according to the user trajectory sequence and obtain the user's dynamic preference to identify the missing POI in the sequence. Besides, the attention mechanism is used to improve the user's representation feature, that is, the preference for POI categories. The experimental results demonstrate that our BMAM outperforms the state-of-the-art models for completion on missing POI of user's incomplete sequence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to prepare cellulose nanocrystals from pomegranate peel (PCNCs) and evaluate its reinforcement for chitosan film. Firstly, the pomegranate peel was chemically purified through alcohol, acid, bleaching, and alkali treatments for cellulose isolation. Later, PCNCs suspension was obtained by sulfuric acid hydrolysis. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis proved the removal of lignin and hemicellulose. Morphology of PCNCs was observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The PCNCs displayed needle-like structures. The length and diameter was 130 ± 68.39 and 5.22 ± 1.40 nm, respectively. Chitosan films incorporated with different contents of PCNCs (0, 2, 4, 6%, based on chitosan) were fabricated and investigated. Results showed that PCNCs reduced the moisture content and water solubility, and enhanced the mechanical property, water vapor and light barrier properties of chitosan film. The thermal stability of chitosan film was not affected with the addition of PCNCs. These findings suggested that PCNCs as nanofiller could be used to improve the properties of chitosan film for food packaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent years have witnessed the rapid prevalence of big data and it is necessary for mobile application to filter out information for users. As a significant means of information retrieval, recommendation system that recommends a ranked list of items to users according to their preferences has become a key functionality in Location-Based Social Networks (LBSNs). Point of interest (POI) recommendation that aims to recommend satisfactory locations that users may be interested in plays an important role in LBSNs. However, the traditional POI recommendation uses the original user-POI matrix, which faces a huge challenge of data sparsity because most users just check in a few POIs in their phones. Moreover, it is hard for POI recommendation to give reasonable explanations on why user will visit these locations that we recommend. Therefore, in terms of the challenges mentioned above, we propose a new POI recommendation model called PR-RCUC that uses region-based collaborative filtering and user-based mobile context. Firstly, we cluster locations into different regions and enhance the traditional collaborative filtering with region factor. Secondly, we capture the preferences of users on mobile context such as geographical distance and location category. Thirdly, by combing the two parts we present, we finish the final computation of prediction score and recommend Top-K locations to users. The results of experiments on two real-world datasets collected from Foursquare demonstrate the PR-RCUC model outperforms some popular recommendation algorithms and achieves our expected goal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Time series prediction refers to the learning of existing observed data of a parameter and predicting its future evolution. Based on the application of machine/deep learning methods in the field of engineering geology, it is desirable to predict the time series evolution of microseismic parameters in the process of rockburst development. Our study explores key microseismic indices that help describe the development process of rockbursts based on abundant rockburst data obtained from deep underground engineering construction. The integrated process of dynamic moving-window method and improved convolutional neural network (CNN) realizes the evolution prediction of multiple microseismic parameters or their different combinations, and the modified model structures of a univariate, multivariate input and a single-step, multi-step output are established. Various models of the multiple microseismic parameters for the CNN-based time series prediction are innovated, including a univariate prediction model, a multiple parallel series model, a multiple input series model, and a multivariate multi-step prediction model. Model training, testing, and interpretation of the rockburst risk and comparative analyses of the different models are performed for the complete process of multiple rockbursts. The results show that the proposed models can well predict the evolution trends in the various key characteristics during rockbursts. The predicted trend of multiple microseismic parameters provides time labels for rockburst prediction and risk judgement, which is conducive to rockburst early warning. This study provides a new research idea for the prediction and early warning of rockbursts in the field of deep underground and mining engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polygonatum sibiricum (P. sibiricum) rhizomes are widely used as a tonic and functional food, and are often processed to enhance their tonic function by repeated steaming and drying. As the most important constituent, the polysaccharide from P. sibiricum rhizomes (PSP) has demonstrated various activities, but the alteration of structural characteristics and activities of the purified PSPs during steaming process was rarely investigated. To well understand the effect of steaming process on the polysaccharides of P. sibiricum, neutral polysaccharides from P. sibiricum rhizomes (PSP0 ~ PSP9) after steaming were first isolated and purified, and then the chemical properties and antioxidant activities were determined. The results showed that the molar ratios of monosaccharides in PSPs were different. The molecular weights of PSPs were increased significantly after the fourth steaming. Morphological studies showed that the surface of PSPs became much tighter during the steaming process. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectra displayed the polysaccharides had similar backbones and chemical groups. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of PSPs was measured through radical scavenging tests. It was found that the radical scavenging activity of PSPs was elevated strikingly after steaming, and increased gradually with numbers of steaming process. The biological and chemical variance of PSPs revealed considerable segregation of PSP0, PSP1 ~ PSP4 and PSP5 ~ PSP9. In conclusion, our results proposed the fourth time as the optimal number of steaming to extract functional polysaccharide from P. sibiricum rhizomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Half-life of 88Kr has been sequentially measured at different positions with a high purity germanium (HPGe) detector. A rapid Kr–Xe separation process has been used to gather 88Kr sample from the gaseous fission products of U3O8. Benefit for the Kr–Xe separation, both 196 keV and 2392 keV were used for the half-life determination. The measured half-life of 88Kr was 2.802 ± 0.012 h, in good agreement with the latest reported values but different from the earlier reported values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Refractive surgery is recognized as an effective method for myopia treatment, but it can induce night vision disturbances such as glare. We present an eye modeling method for the optical quality assessment in response to the structural changes in the eyes by femto-LASIK surgery. Customized eye models were built from the measurements of 134 right eyes pre- and post-operatively. Optical performance was evaluated using spot diagrams, point spread functions (PSFs), modulation transfer functions (MTFs), and chromatic aberrations at various fields (0°–30°), different pupil diameters (2–6 mm), and initial myopias (− 1.25 to − 10.5 D). Pupil size and initial myopia are the two major factors that affect visual performance of post-operative eyes. The results of spot diagrams, PSFs, and MTFs indicated that post-operative visual performance deteriorated as the visual field and pupil size increased, and it was significantly influenced by initial myopia. Post-operative chromatic aberrations were also affected by initial myopia. As pupil size increased, the post-operative longitudinal chromatic aberrations tended to decrease slightly, while the transverse chromatic aberrations remained similar. The use of eye modeling for refractive surgery assessment could possibly provide a more personalized surgical approach, could improve the prediction accuracy of refractive surgery outcomes, and promote the invention and development of better surgical methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we investigate the possibility of testing the weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) dark matter (DM) models by applying the simplest phenomenological model which introduces an interaction term between dark energy (DE) and WIMP DM, i.e., Q = 3γDMHρDM. In general, the coupling strength γDE is close to 0 as the interaction between DE and WIMP DM is very weak, thus the effect of γDE on the evolution of Y associated with DM energy density can be safely neglected. Meanwhile, our numerical calculation also indicates that xf ≈ 20 is associated with DM freeze-out temperature, which is the same as the vanishing interaction scenario. As for DM relic density, it will be magnified by 2 − 3 γ DM 2 2 π g ∗ m DM 3 / 45 s 0 x f 3 γ DM times, which provides a new way to test WIMP DM models. As an example, we analyze the case in which WIMP DM is a scalar DM. (SGL+SNe+Hz) and (CMB+BAO+SNe) cosmological observations will give γDM = 0.134 − 0.069 + 0.17 and γDM = −0.0008 ± 0.0016, respectively. After further considering the constraints from DM direct detection experiment, DM indirect detection experiment, and DM relic density, we find that the allowed parameter space of the scalar DM model will be completely excluded for the former cosmological observations, while it will increase for the latter ones. Those two cosmological observations lead to an almost paradoxical conclusion. Therefore, one could expect more stringent constraints on the WMIP DM models, with the accumulation of more accurate cosmological observations in the near future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to investigate the fungal diversity and its temporal and spatial dynamics in the rhizosphere soil of healthy cotton by high-throughput sequencing. We studied species richness, composition, and distribution of cotton rhizosphere fungal community with respect to location (Alaer, Kuerle, Tumushuke, Hami, Shihezi, Wusu, and Jinghe) and plant growth period (seedling stage, bud stage, flowering stage, and boll-opening stage) using the methods of PCR-based high-throughput sequencing and real-time quantitative PCR. A total of 1,838,454 fungal nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region sequences (rRNA ITS) were obtained from all cotton plants sampled at different growth stages in the seven locations in Xinjiang. The most abundant fungal group in the cotton rhizosphere was the Ascomycota (78.72%), followed by the Zygomycota (9.56%) and Basidiomycota (2.77%). These sequences revealed an enormous number of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in cotton (1802 unique OTUs), with 67–464 OTUs in a single cotton sample, at a 3% threshold and a sequencing depth of 30,000 sequences. We identified 33 classes and 389 genera from the resulting 1,800,714 sequences. Sordariomycetes was the most frequent class in all samples, followed by Leotiomycetes and Eurotiomycetes. There were some differences in OTUs among different growth stages, but the differences were not significant, with 382 OTUs (14.66%) being common to each of the stages. A marked difference in the diversity of fungi in the rhizosphere soil of cotton was evident among the different locations, with the highest number of OTUs being detected in Jinghe (1084 OTUs) and clusters of OTUs representative of northern and eastern Xinjiang being detected. There were significantly more tags of Mortierella in Jinghe and Wusu than in the other sampling sites. The dynamics of the rhizosphere fungal communities were influenced by sampling sites. To the best of our knowledge, the current study is the first application of PCR-based Illumina to characterize and compare the fungal biodiversity in multiple rhizosphere soil samples from cotton. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emiliania huxleyi is the most prominent modern coccolithophore, a group of marine unicellular eukaryotes that play a critical role in ocean biogeochemistry. Coccolithoviruses are large double stranded DNA viruses, which is responsible for the demise of large oceanic blooms formed by E. huxleyi. E. huxleyi virus (EhVs) acquired a series of enzyme-coding genes predicted to be involved in the sphingolipid biosynthesis by horizontal gene transfer between virus-host. Currently, there is limited experimental validation identifying the functions of these genes in EhV. Genetic transformation of eukaryotic cells is a powerful tool to get an insight into gene functions of the studied organisms. Serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) catalyzes the first committed step in de novo sphingolipid biosynthetic pathway. Here, a novel vector system for the transformation of E. huxleyi was designed. It contained fragments of promoter and terminator sequences of E. huxleyi endogenic fucoxanthin chlorophyll a/c-binding protein gene "fcp" and harbored EhV-99B1 spt gene. The resultant recombinant transformation vectors pEhux-I-spt and pEhux-II were co-transferred into E. huxleyi BOF92 by electroporation. Transformants were obtained upon glufosinate-ammonium selection, and confirmed by Southern hybridization, genome PCR, qRT-PCR and Western blot screening of spt gene, which indicated that spt gene was integrated into the nuclear genome and was expressed at the mRNA and protein levels. The expression of the viral spt gene led to differences in lipid compositions analyzed using thin-layer chromatography (TLC). The results present the genetic transformation system for E. huxleyi, providing additional genetic resource with potential for exploring basic biological questions such as the virus-host interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The degradation of poly(ε -caprolactone)/poly(l-lactic acid) (PCL/PLLA) electrospun membrane was carried out in the phosphate buffer of esterase and water, respectively. A three-dimensional (3D) porous morphology was cultivated during esterase degradation, which was confirmed by scanning electronic microscope (SEM), while the structural evolution was analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) combining with wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). Compared with hydrolysis, the degradation rate of enzymolysis was significantly faster. With the rapid decline in PCL crystallinity, the crystallinity of PLLA increased slightly after enzymolysis. The formation of porous morphology should be attributed to the relatively rapid degradation of PCL crystal and PLLA amorphous region attacked by esterase. Also, the number of micropores on the fiber surface increased with degradation time, which provides new ideas for preparing porous materials with higher porosity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the paper, we present QCD predictions for γ + ηc production at an electron-positron collider up to next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) accuracy without renormalization scale ambiguities. The NNLO total cross-section for e+ + e− → γ + ηc using the conventional scale-setting approach has large renormalization scale ambiguities, usually estimated by choosing the renormalization scale to be the e+e− center-of-mass collision energy s . The Principle of Maximum Conformality (PMC) provides a systematic way to eliminate such renormalization scale ambiguities by summing the nonconformal β contributions into the QCD coupling αs(Q2). The renormalization group equation then sets the value of αs for the process. The PMC renormalization scale reflects the virtuality of the underlying process, and the resulting predictions satisfy all of the requirements of renormalization group invariance, including renormalization scheme invariance. After applying the PMC, we obtain a renormalization scale-and-scheme independent prediction, σ|NNLO,PMC ≃ 41.18 fb for s =10.6 GeV. The resulting pQCD series matches the series for conformal theory and thus has no divergent renormalon contributions. The large K factor which contributes to this process reinforces the importance of uncalculated NNNLO and higher-order terms. Using the PMC scale-and-scheme independent conformal series and the Padé approximation approach, we predict σ|NNNLO,PMC+Pade ≃ 18.99 fb, which is consistent with the recent BELLE measurement σ obs = 16.58 − 9.93 + 10.51 fb at s ≃ 10.6 GeV. This procedure also provides a first estimate of the NNNLO contribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Water availability influences soil ecosystem functioning by shaping soil microbial community composition and regulating metabolic rate. These moisture effects are mirrored in taxonomic and functional attributes of actively growing microorganisms. Methods: Stable isotope probing (SIP) technique with 18O-H2O as the labeling substrate was used to capture the active microbiome in a saline soil under different moisture conditions. The SIP microcosms were adjusted to 20%, 60%, or 100% of the soil water holding capacity (WHC) with 18O- or 16O-H2O and were incubated for 4 weeks. The bacterial communities in these microcosms were examined by amplicon sequencing of 16S rRNA genes. The 18O-labeled DNA was recovered by ultracentrifugation and fractionation. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing was performed with the labeled DNA to explore the moisture effects on functional attributes of these active microbes. Results: Isotopes (16O and 18O) had a negligible effect on soil bacterial communities compared with soil moisture. Taxonomic alignment of both total and 18O-labeled microbiomes revealed contrasting tendencies for Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria along the moisture gradient. Archaeal components became more abundant at 60% WHC and were dominated by Euryarchaeota. Functional annotation of the active microbiomes revealed broad responses in genes associated with osmotic regulation, membrane transport, cell motility, iron acquisition, phages and prophages to moisture manipulation. In particular, the considerable changes in protein biosynthesis genes suggested an altered reproductive strategy of the dominant taxa at different WHC levels. Conclusion: These findings indicate taxonomic and functional effects of soil moisture on active prokaryotes in a saline soil, and demonstrate the potential of combined 18O-water SIP and metagenomics in achieving a holistic understanding of the active soil microbiome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ocular drug delivery remains a significant challenge that is limited by poor corneal retention and permeation, resulting in low ocular bioavailability (< 5%). Worse still, the most convenient and safe route of ocular drug administration, topical administration results in a drug bioavailability of less than 1%. iRGD modified drug delivery strategies have been developed for cancer therapy, however active targeting iRGD platforms for ocular drug delivery have yet to be explored. Herein, an iRGD modified liposomes was developed for ocular drug delivery via topical administration. The results indicated that iRGD modified liposomes could prolong the corneal retention time and enhance corneal permeability in an iRGD receptor mediated manner. These findings provided a novel strategy for topical ocular drug delivery for the treatment of posterior ocular diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, the graphene hydrogel (GH) was fabricated, and its adsorption behavior toward Th(IV) was studied. The GH displayed a porous network structure, with a controllable size and structure. The adsorption experimental results demonstrated that the adsorption of Th(IV) on GH fitted well with pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Freundlich isotherm model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 190.28 mg/g at pH 3.0. The adsorption of Th(IV) on GH in inner-sphere surface complexation. Solution pH has an important influence on Th(IV) adsorption of GH. In addition, the GH exhibits an excellent reusability in Th(IV) adsorption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bacterial toxins represent a vast reservoir of biochemical diversity that can be repurposed for biomedical applications. Such proteins include a group of predicted interbacterial toxins of the deaminase superfamily, members of which have found application in gene-editing techniques1,2. Because previously described cytidine deaminases operate on single-stranded nucleic acids3, their use in base editing requires the unwinding of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA)—for example by a CRISPR–Cas9 system. Base editing within mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), however, has thus far been hindered by challenges associated with the delivery of guide RNA into the mitochondria4. As a consequence, manipulation of mtDNA to date has been limited to the targeted destruction of the mitochondrial genome by designer nucleases9,10.Here we describe an interbacterial toxin, which we name DddA, that catalyses the deamination of cytidines within dsDNA. We engineered split-DddA halves that are non-toxic and inactive until brought together on target DNA by adjacently bound programmable DNA-binding proteins. Fusions of the split-DddA halves, transcription activator-like effector array proteins, and a uracil glycosylase inhibitor resulted in RNA-free DddA-derived cytosine base editors (DdCBEs) that catalyse C•G-to-T•A conversions in human mtDNA with high target specificity and product purity. We used DdCBEs to model a disease-associated mtDNA mutation in human cells, resulting in changes in respiration rates and oxidative phosphorylation. CRISPR-free DdCBEs enable the precise manipulation of mtDNA, rather than the elimination of mtDNA copies that results from its cleavage by targeted nucleases, with broad implications for the study and potential treatment of mitochondrial disorders. An interbacterial toxin that catalyses the deamination of cytidines within double-stranded DNA forms part of a CRISPR-free, RNA-free base editing system that enables manipulation of human mitochondrial DNA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We derive the analytical expression of the probability density of orbital angular momentum modes for elegant and standard Laguerre–Gaussian beams in turbulence. The results show that we can increase the initial topological charge of the beams to reduce the detrimental mode crosstalk induced by the turbulence. We also discuss the influence of the beam parameters on the probability of signal and the variances of crosstalk probability. The results obtained show that the beams with smaller beam width and longer wavelength have higher detection probabilities of signal and are less affected by turbulence. Comparing with the results of elegant and standard Laguerre–Gaussian beams, we find that elegant Laguerre–Gaussian beams display stronger turbulence resistance. Our results will be useful in free-space optical communications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Polo-like kinase 4 (PLK4), a member of the polo-like kinase family, plays several important roles in mitotic regulation, including centrosome duplication, spindle formation, and cytokinesis. PLK4 overexpression is frequently detected in many human cancers, including ovarian cancer, and the inhibition of PLK4 activity results in cancer cell mitotic arrest and apoptosis. Therefore, PLK4 might be a valid therapeutic target for antitumor therapy. In the present study, we aimed to determine if YLZ-F5, a potent small-molecule inhibitor of PLK4, inhibits ovarian cancer cell growth.Methods and Results: MTT assay showed that YLZ-F5 inhibited ovarian cancer cell proliferation in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The results of colony formation assays were consistent with those of the MTT assay results. In addition, YLZ-F5 induced ovarian cancer cell apoptosis that was associated with activation of caspase-3/caspase-9. Moreover, YLZ-F5 caused aberrant in centriole duplication that was associated with the inhibition of PLK4 phosphorylation. Notably, we showed that YLZ-F5 promoted the accumulation of ovarian cancer cells with mitotic defects (> 4 N DNA content) in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, YLZ-F5 markedly inhibited the migration of A2780 cells.Conclusion: Taken together, these findings suggest that YLZ-F5 is a potential drug candidate for human ovarian cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to assess the technique of using transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) to detect gastric inflation and to determine the optimal level of inspiratory pressure during face mask ventilation (FMV). In this prospective and randomized trial, seventy-five adults scheduled for cardiac surgery were enrolled to one of the three groups (P12, P15, P20) defined by the applied inspiratory pressure during FMV. After induction, mask ventilation was performed with the corresponding level of pressure-control ventilation for 2 min in each patient. Respiratory and hemodynamic parameters were recorded every 15 s. Arterial blood gases were tested before induction and at the time of intubation. Gastric cross-section area was detected using transesophageal echocardiography after intubation. The gastric cross-section areas were 3.1 ± 0.81, 3.8 ± 1.37 and 4.8 ± 2.29 cm2 respectively. It statistically increased in group P20 compared with group P12 and P15. PaCO2 before intubation statistically increased compared with the baseline in groups P12 and P15, while decreased in group P20. The mean values of PaCO2 equaled to 44.4 mmHg (40-51.5), 42.9 mmHg (34-50.5) and 36.9 mmHg (30.9-46) respectively in three groups. Peak airway pressure of 12-20 cmH2O could provide acceptable sufficient ventilation during mask ventilation, but 20 cmH2O result in higher incidence of gastric inflation. TEE is useful to detect the gastric inflation related to the entry of air into the stomach during pressure-controlled face mask ventilation.Trial Registration Number ChiCTR-IOR-14005325. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Direct stenting (DS) without pre-dilatation of the culprit lesion might improve myocardial perfusion and prognosis in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI); however, some studies report conflicting results. We investigated whether DS provides incremental myocardial benefits over conventional stenting (CS) in STEMI patients based on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) measures. Reperfused patients who underwent CMR examinations within 1 week of STEMI onset were selected from a multicenter CMR registry of STEMI (NCT: 03768453). Patients were stratified into either a DS or CS group. Each group comprised 137 patients after 1:1 propensity score matching. Major adverse events (MACEs), including death, myocardial re-infarction, re-admission for heart failure, and stroke were noted during a median period of 44 months (interquartile range 32-58 months). DS was associated with larger (p = 0.007) and shorter (p = 0.005) stent sizes than CS. DS and CS achieved comparable angiographic TIMI-3 flow grades (p = 0.86) and myocardial blush grades (p = 0.70). There were no group differences regarding the incidence of CMR manifestations of microvascular dysfunction, including microvascular obstruction (MVO) (p = 0.89) and intramyocardial hemorrhage (p = 0.47), the extent of MVO (p = 0.21), infarction size (p = 0.83), or left ventricular ejection fraction (p = 0.57). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed similar risks of MACEs (log rank p = 0.909), which occurred in 23.4% of DS and 26.3% of CS patients (p = 0.576). DS did not show any incremental benefits over CS on myocardial impairments as evaluated using CMR.Clinical Trial Registration: Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT: 03768453. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) pQCD correction to the inclusive decays of the heavy quarkonium η Q (Q being c or b) has been done in the literature within the framework of nonrelativistic QCD. One may observe that the NNLO decay width still has large conventional renormalization scale dependence due to its weaker pQCD convergence, e.g. about - 34 % + 4 % for η c and - 9 % + 0.0 for η b , by varying the scale within the range of [ m Q , 4 m Q ] . The principle of maximum conformality (PMC) provides a systematic way to fix the α s -running behavior of the process, which satisfies the requirements of renormalization group invariance and eliminates the conventional renormalization scheme and scale ambiguities. Using the PMC single-scale method, we show that the resultant PMC conformal series is renormalization scale independent, and the precision of the η Q inclusive decay width can be greatly improved. Taking the relativistic correction O (α s v 2) into consideration, the ratios of the η Q decays to light hadrons or γ γ are: R η c NNLO | PMC = (3. 93 - 0.24 + 0.26) × 10 3 and R η b NNLO | PMC = (22. 85 - 0.87 + 0.90) × 10 3 , respectively. Here the errors are for Δ α s (M Z) = ± 0.0011 . As a step forward, by applying the Pad e ´ approximation approach (PAA) over the PMC conformal series, we obtain approximate NNNLO predictions for those two ratios, e.g. R η c NNNLO | PAA + PMC = (5. 66 - 0.55 + 0.65) × 10 3 and R η b NNNLO | PAA + PMC = (26. 02 - 1.17 + 1.24) × 10 3 . The R η c NNNLO | PAA + PMC ratio agrees with the latest PDG value R η c exp = (5. 3 - 1.4 + 2.4) × 10 3 , indicating the necessity of a strict calculation of NNNLO terms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the distributed and decentralized nature of social media, respective content that contains misinformation is usually propagated without any type of moderation, which may mislead the public and have a profound real-world impact. In addition, it is quite challenging to distinguish misinformation with high precision, since the content is often short and lacks of semantics. A promising solution is to utilize the crowdsourcing wisdom that pushes the suspected misinformation to relevant users based on the expertise and collects the assessments to judge the credibility. Even though a lot of expert finding models have been employed, however, these methods cannot effectively deal with the misinformation-oriented expert matching tasks since the data collected from social network is different form traditional text collection. To this end, we focus on how to obtain an appropriate matching between the suspect misinformation and corresponding experts, and propose a multi-topic expert finding method, called LTM (List based Topic Model), to sufficiently utilize crowdsourcing wisdom. Moreover, we optimize the query results with the help of supervised information that extracted from Twitter Lists. Finally, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our work with experiments on real-world data and verify the superiority of our proposed model in accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]