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2. Trimetazidine attenuates pressure overload-induced early cardiac energy dysfunction via regulation of neuropeptide Y system in a rat model of abdominal aortic constriction

Author

Wenjun Dai, Ailan Chen, Minsheng Chen, Xinchun Li, Caiwen Ou, Xinyu Chen, Wanglin Li, Qi Dong, and Yuechun Shen

Subjects
Male, Receptors, Neuropeptide, 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Ventricular hypertrophy, Trimetazidine, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Ventricular Function, Left, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled, Muscle hypertrophy, 03 medical and health sciences, Adenosine Triphosphate, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Arterial Pressure, Neuropeptide Y, Aorta, Abdominal, Rats, Wistar, Ventricular remodeling, Pressure overload, Ventricular Remodeling, business.industry, Myocardium, Metabolic disorder, Cardiovascular Agents, medicine.disease, Neuropeptide Y receptor, Constriction, Receptors, Neuropeptide Y, Adenosine Diphosphate, Disease Models, Animal, Oxidative Stress, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, Gene Expression Regulation, Cardiovascular agent, Cardiology, Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular, Metabolic remodeling, Energy Metabolism, business, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Signal Transduction, Research Article, medicine.drug
Abstract

Background Metabolism remodeling has been recognized as an early event following cardiac pressure overload. However, its temporal association with ventricular hypertrophy has not been confirmed. Moreover, whether trimetazidine could favorably affect this process also needs to be determined. The aim of the study was to explore the temporal changes of myocardial metabolism remodeling following pressure-overload induced ventricular hypertrophy and the potential favorable effect of trimetazidine on myocardial metabolism remodeling. Methods A rat model of abdominal aortic constriction (AAC)-induced cardiac pressure overload was induced. These rats were grouped as the AAC (no treatment) or TMZ group according to whether oral trimetazidine (TMZ, 40 mg/kg/d, for 5 days) was administered. Changes in cardiac structures were sequentially evaluated via echocardiography. The myocardial ADP/ATP ratio was determined to reflect the metabolic status, and changes in serum neuropeptide Y systems were evaluated. Results Myocardial metabolic disorder was acutely induced as evidenced by an increased ADP/ATP ratio within 7 days of AAC before the morphological changes in the myocardium, accompanied by up-regulation of serum oxidative stress markers and expression of fetal genes related to hypertrophy. Moreover, the serum NPY and myocardial NPY-1R, 2R, and 5R levels were increased within the acute phase of AAC-induced cardiac pressure overload. Pretreatment with TMZ could partly attenuate myocardial energy metabolic homeostasis, decrease serum levels of oxidative stress markers, attenuate the induction of hypertrophy-related myocardial fetal genes, inhibit the up-regulation of serum NPY levels, and further increase the myocardial expression of NPY receptors. Conclusions Cardiac metabolic remodeling is an early change in the myocardium before the presence of typical morphological ventricular remodeling following cardiac pressure overload, and pretreatment with TMZ may at least partly reverse the acute metabolic disturbance, perhaps via regulation of the NPY system.

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3. Primitive neuroectodermal tumor arising in the abdominopelvic region: CT features and pathology characteristics.

Author

Li, Xinchun, Zhang, Weidong, Song, Ting, Sun, Chongpeng, and Shen, Yuechun

Subjects
PELVIC tumors, TOMOGRAPHY, HISTOPATHOLOGY, NECROSIS, IMAGE analysis, METASTASIS, X-rays, DIAGNOSIS
Abstract

Background: We analyze the computed tomography (CT) findings of a peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor (pPNET) arising in the abdominopelvic cavity and to improve understanding of the CT images of the tumor. Materials and Methods: Twelve cases of pPNET confirmed by histopathology were analyzed retrospectively. Image characteristics of CT scanning were analyzed and compared with the pathology of the tumors. Results: There were 8 males and 4 females with mean age of 34.5 years. Unenhanced CT images showed large heterogeneous and ill-defined or well-defined masses with multiple patchy hypodense areas. The average diameter was 9.8 cm (range 4.0-17.2 cm). Contrast-enhanced CT images showed variable heterogeneous contrast enhancement with multiple non-enhancement areas. 3 cases revealed metastasis and 4 cases invaded into adjacent organs. Pathology showed areas of degeneration and necrosis in all tumors. Cluster of differentiation 99 and neurone specific enolase were detected positive in 11 and 12 cases, respectively. Conclusions: In conclusion, pPNET in the abdominopelvic cavity likely affects young adults with a slight male preponderance and tend to be large and aggressive. Although CT findings are nonspecific and variable, a large ill-defined or well-defined heterogeneous mass with multiple patchy hypodense areas reflecting their cystic degeneration and necrosis on pathology examination may suggest the diagnosis of pPNET. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2011
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