1. Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Cognitive Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
- Author
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Chen, Wen-Yin, Cheng, Ying-Chih, Chiu, Chih-Chiang, Liu, Hsing-Cheng, Huang, Ming-Chyi, Tu, Yu-Kang, and Kuo, Po-Hsiu
- Subjects
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VITAMIN D , *DIETARY supplements , *VITAMIN D deficiency , *COGNITIVE ability , *COGNITION - Abstract
Clinical studies examining the effects of vitamin D on cognition have reported inconsistent results. To date, no comprehensive study has examined this effect on the basis of sample characteristics or intervention model–related factors. This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials investigated the effects of vitamin D supplementation on global cognitive function and specific cognitive domains. This review was preregistered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42021249908) and comprised 24 trials enrolling 7557 participants (mean age: 65.21 years; 78.54% women). The meta-analysis revealed that vitamin D significantly influenced global cognition (Hedges' g = 0.128, p =.008) but not specific cognitive domains. A subgroup analysis indicated that the effect size of vitamin D was stronger for vulnerable populations (Hedges' g = 0.414) and those with baseline vitamin D deficiency (Hedges' g = 0.480). On the basis of subgroup analyses in studies without biological flaws (Hedges' g = 0.549), we suggest that an intervention model should correct baseline vitamin D deficiency. Our results indicate that vitamin D supplementation has a small but significant positive effect on cognition in adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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