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The article reports that Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is a type II transmembrane serine protease overexpressed by cancer-associated fibroblasts in the tumor microenvironment. FAP modulates tumor growth and invasion and is overexpressed by various epithelial cancer types including reactive stromal fibroblasts of both primary and metastatic melanomas.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic fibrosing interstitial lung disease with a poor prognosis. 68Ga-labeled FAP ligands exhibited highly promising results due to the crucial role of activated fibroblasts in fibrosis imaging of the lung. However, 18F-labeled FAP ligands might provide qualitatively much higher imaging results with accompanying economic benefits due to large-scale production. Thus, we sought to investigate the potential of [18F]FAPI-74 prospectively in a small patient cohort. Methods: Eight patients underwent both [18F]FAPI-74-PET/CT and HRCT scans and were then compared with a control group without any fibrosing pulmonary disease. The tracer uptake of fibrotic lung areas was analyzed in synopsis with radiological and clinical parameters. Results: We observed a positive correlation between the fibrotic active volume, the Hounsfield scale, as well as the vital and diffusing capacity of the lung. Conclusion: The initial results confirm our assumption that [18F]FAPI-74 offers a viable non-invasive assessment method for pulmonary fibrotic changes in patients with IPF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The subject of this investigation is the long time behavior of the positive solutions of the following nonhomogeneous equation ... in unbounded domainR+×RN, where the term g (s) is supposed to satisfy a condition g' (s) > -11 and Di = ∂xi. The existence of the global attractor for the Eq. (1) in L1+θ (RN, ρ) = {v; vρ1/(1+θ) ∈ L1+θ (RN)} is proved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the limitations of FDG-PET imaging in lung cancer diagnosis and introduces the use of fibroblast activation protein inhibitors (FAPI) as a promising alternative. FAPI imaging targets the tumor stroma and shows potential for assessing cancer and inflammatory-fibrosing processes. The article highlights the higher specificity and better lesion-to-background contrast of FAPI imaging compared to FDG-PET. The authors also mention the possibility of using dual-tracer imaging to differentiate between malignant and inflammatory pulmonary lesions. Overall, FAPI imaging is seen as a novel and disruptive imaging probe that could overcome the limitations of FDG imaging in lung cancer and fibrosing imaging. [Extracted from the article]

We use the Hamiltonian structure of equatorial wave-current interactions in the case of non-zero constant vorticity in the near-surface homogeneous layer, studying the dispersion relation for linear long waves outrunning the currents (downstream waves). We also investigate the behavior of the lifespan of the solution of the evolution equation for nonlinear long internal waves with respect to vorticity values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study the Cauchy problem for the nonlinear dispersive wave equation with dissipative term on the real line, ut-uxxt+fux-fuxxx+gu+f″u2ux2x+λu-uxx=0 that includes the corresponding dissipative version of the Camassa-Holm equation as well as the hyperelastic-rod wave equation with dissipative term (f(u)=ku2/2 and g(u)=3-ku2/2) as special cases. In the present paper we demonstrate the simple and new conditions on the initial data that lead to blow-up of the solution. In particular, we establish local in space criterion (i.e., a criterion involving only the properties of the data u0 in a neighborhood of a single point) which guarantees that solutions blow up in finite time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study the Cauchy problem for the weakly dissipative Camassa-Holm equation: . A new blow-up result for positive strong solutions of the equation with certain profiles is presented. In particular, we use a condition where the initial data u and its derivative u are not simultaneously involved and the parameter λ is not bounded from above. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]