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We study symmetric periodic orbits near collision in a nonautonomous restricted planar four-body problem. The restricted problem consists of a massless particle moving under the gravitational influence due to three bodies with the same positive mass (the primaries), following the figure-eight choreography. We use regularized coordinates, in order to deal numerically with motions near collision between the massless particle and one of the primaries. By means of reversing symmetries, we characterize the symmetric periodic orbits near collision. The initial conditions for these orbits were computed by solving numerically some boundary value problems. We explain theoretically, and confirm numerically, how different parts of the diagram of initial conditions are related due to the symmetry of the figure-eight choreography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Business Processes (BPs) are commonly used by organizations to describe their goals. However, the existent decentralization found in many organizations forces them to build such BPs by coordinating distributed and fragmented BPs. Within this context, microservices arise as a very interesting and convenient way to address the implementation of such processes due to their low coupling characteristic. In this case, the coordination of such fragmented BPs is usually achieved by means of event-based choreographies. One of the main challenges to be faced by choreographies is their evolution due to the complexity that introduces the need of integrating changes among autonomous and independent partners. We face the challenge of evolving a microservice composition that is globally defined in a BPMN model but executed through a choreography of BPMN fragments. We introduce a protocol to manage the propagation of a change done by one microservice to be integrated into both the BPMN fragments of the rest of the microservices and the global BPMN model. This protocol also supports the negotiation among participants and the automatic suggestion of model adaptations to maintain the functional integrity of the composition. These suggestions are supported by a catalogue of adaptation rules that precisely characterize every possible change and propose actions to be considered by the affected microservices. All the evolution process is done at the modelling level, without managing hard-coded implementations. We have developed specific tools to facilitate the practical adoption of this protocol, and we have validated our work in an experiment with users. We can conclude that the proposed approach is effective to evolve microservice compositions implemented as event-based choreography of BPMN fragments from the local perspective of one partner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Service choreographies are a versatile approach for building service-based distributed systems. Many approaches can be found in the literature tackling different aspects of service choreographies, such as choreography realizability and conformance checking, distributed coordination, formal choreographic languages, and scalability. As of today, choreography scalability has not been specifically addressed through approaches that also consider coordination issues while still decoupling these two related aspects. Scalability is one of the most important properties to be considered when building distributed systems. It enhances the user-perceived performances and influences the overall dependability of the system. In particular, load scalability allows distributed service-oriented systems to effectively handle varying loads without suffering performance degradation. In this direction, microservice-based systems are able to scale thanks to the possibility of replicating those microservices exposed to growing loads, distributing their workload among different instances. By leveraging on our experience in coordinating service choreographies, in this paper, we propose a layered architectural style that allows to realize scalable microservice-oriented choreographies. The architecture integrates a fully-distributed coordination layer capable of ensuring the correct interactions and a load-balancing layer that allows to balance of coordinated requests. We discuss the properties of the proposed architectural style and evaluate its benefits on user-perceived performances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hybrid figures serve as an important component of artistic swimming, however, no prior research has investigated objective indicators for predicting total scores in competition. This study aimed to identify significance of hybrid figure (HF) elements in predicting total scores in artistic swimming competitions and compare these variables between the Beijing team trials and international official competitions. Eight HF variables were measured in the videos from the international artistic swimming competitions, with calibration and measurement of the variables leg height index and leg angle deviation being performed by means of Kinovea. Multiple linear regression was conducted to predict the total scores based on these variables investigated for the international teams, which showed 5 significant predictors including movement frequency, leg height index, leg angle deviation, mean pattern duration, and rotation frequency. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to determine the differences in the variables between the Beijing team and the international teams (top 5), which showed significant difference on movement frequency, leg angle deviation, leg height index and total score. When designing hybrid figures choreography of team free routine in artistic swimming, coaches should prioritize appropriate movement frequency, pattern changes and rotations over excessively long durations. Overly complex HF choreography may lead to a decline on performance in artistic swimming competition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dynamics of DNA in the cell nucleus plays a role in cellular processes and fates but the interplay of DNA mobility with the hierarchical levels of DNA organization is still underexplored. Here, we made use of DNA replication to directly label genomic DNA in an unbiased genome-wide manner. This was followed by live-cell time-lapse microscopy of the labeled DNA combining imaging at different resolutions levels simultaneously and allowing one to trace DNA motion across organization levels within the same cells. Quantification of the labeled DNA segments at different microscopic resolution levels revealed sizes comparable to the ones reported for DNA loops using 3D super-resolution microscopy, topologically associated domains (TAD) using 3D widefield microscopy, and also entire chromosomes. By employing advanced chromatin tracking and image registration, we discovered that DNA exhibited higher mobility at the individual loop level compared to the TAD level and even less at the chromosome level. Additionally, our findings indicate that chromatin movement, regardless of the resolution, slowed down during the S phase of the cell cycle compared to the G1/G2 phases. Furthermore, we found that a fraction of DNA loops and TADs exhibited directed movement with the majority depicting constrained movement. Our data also indicated spatial mobility differences with DNA loops and TADs at the nuclear periphery and the nuclear interior exhibiting lower velocity and radius of gyration than the intermediate locations. On the basis of these insights, we propose that there is a link between DNA mobility and its organizational structure including spatial distribution, which impacts cellular processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Janus kinases (JAK) are crucial targets in drug development for several diseases. However, accounting for the impact of possible structural rearrangements on the binding of different kinase inhibitors is complicated by the extensive conformational variability of their catalytic kinase domain (KD). The dynamic KD contains mainly four prominent mobile structural motifs: the phosphate-binding loop (P-loop), the αC-helix within the N-lobe, the Asp-Phe-Gly (DFG) motif, and the activation loop (A-loop) within the C-lobe. These distinct structural orientations imply a complex signal transmission path for regulating the A-loop’s flexibility and conformational preference for optimal JAK function. Nevertheless, the precise dynamical features of the JAK induced by different types of inhibitors still remain elusive. We performed comparative, microsecond-long, Gaussian accelerated molecular dynamics simulations in triplicate of three phosphorylated JAK2 systems: the KD alone, type-I ATP-competitive inhibitor (CI) bound KD in the catalytically active DFG-in conformation, and the type-II inhibitor (AI) bound KD in the catalytically inactive DFG-out conformation. Our results indicate significant conformational variations observed in the A-loop and αC helix motions upon inhibitor binding. Our studies also reveal that the DFG-out inactive conformation is characterized by the closed A-loop rearrangement, open catalytic cleft of N and C-lobe, the outward movement of the αC helix, and open P-loop states. Moreover, the outward positioning of the αC helix impacts the hallmark salt bridge formation between Lys882 and Glu898 in an inactive conformation. Finally, we compared their ligand binding poses and free energy by the MM/PBSA approach. The free energy calculations suggested that the AI’s binding affinity is higher than CI against JAK2 due to an increased favorable contribution from the total non-polar interactions and the involvement of the αC helix. Overall, our study provides the structural and energetic insights crucial for developing more promising type I/II JAK2 inhibitors for treating JAK-related diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The intelligibility of a performance of improvised dance does not reside in the rehearsed execution of a pre-existing script, nor does it result from a sustained verbal interaction between the dancers. Many aspects of the speechless performance obviously play an important role in the achieved intelligibility of the dance: a dancer is seen moving on and from a ground, on a stage, in a space delimited by walls, illuminated by spotlights, sounded by music, in front of an audience. And of course with other dancers, whose joint gestures and moves give shape to a choreography by providing pace, rhythm and sequences, thereby constituting a narrative or fragments thereof. This paper addresses the manufacture of this witnessable order, by presenting some results of an ethnographic inquiry. The investigation will be focused on how, in an improvised duet, each dancer interacts with the other, and more specifically how she or he positions her- or himself in relation to the other, from distance to proximity and touch. This work of distance management is the dance, whose choreographic accountability is produced and structured by dancers staying at a distance, getting closer and touching each other. The analysis shows that distance management is oriented to as relevant by the dancers and that it has consequences on their improvised duet. It is also what makes their performance analyzable by distant observers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A humanoid robot named 'Sophia' has sparked controversy since it has been given citizenship and has done media performances all over the world. The company that made the robot, Hanson Robotics, has touted Sophia as the future of artificial intelligence (AI). Robot scientists and philosophers have been more pessimistic about its capabilities, describing Sophia as a sophisticated puppet or chatbot. Looking behind the rhetoric about Sophia's citizenship and intelligence and going beyond recent discussions on the moral status or legal personhood of AI robots, we analyse the performativity of Sophia from the perspective of what we call 'political choreography': drawing on phenomenological approaches to performance-oriented philosophy of technology. This paper proposes to interpret and discuss the world tour of Sophia as a political choreography that boosts the rise of the social robot market, rather than a statement about robot citizenship or artificial intelligence. We argue that the media performances of the Sophia robot were choreographed to advance specific political interests. We illustrate our philosophical discussion with media material of the Sophia performance, which helps us to explore the mechanisms through which the media spectacle functions hand in hand with advancing the economic interests of technology industries and their governmental promotors. Using a phenomenological approach and attending to the movement of robots, we also criticize the notion of 'embodied intelligence' used in the context of social robotics and AI. In this way, we put the discussions about the robot's rights or citizenship in the context of AI politics and economics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, automatic music-driven choreography has become a highly challenging problem to be solved. In this paper, we propose a music-driven choreography system based on conditional generative adversarial networks. First, a dataset MF-DS integrating MFCC features and Dancing Skeletons extracted from Japanese dancing videos is built by ourselves for the study. The MFCC features are extracted based on music beats, and the dancing skeletons are detected based on the image frames of a video. In the training, we use a generative adversarial network to train the music-driven choreography system. The generator integrates residual blocks into fractionally stridden convolution, and the discriminator involves conventional CNNs. Two indicators called beat loss values and choreography diversity values are proposed to evaluate three learning models in the experiments. Finally, we validate that the three models with the best epochs have the near-zero loss for the generator and discriminator, thereby generating stable skeletons and presenting choreography diversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to study the motion of a 2 + n -body problem where two equal masses are assumed to be fixed. We assume that the value of each fixed mass is equal to M > 0 and the remaining n moving particles have equal masses m > 0 . According to Newton’s second law and the universal gravitation law, the n particles move under the interaction of each other and the affection of the two fixed particles. Also, this motion has a natural variational structure. Under the simple choreography constraint, we show that the Lagrangian action functional attains its absolute minimum on a uniform circular motion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Being widely accepted by industries and academia, Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) is the de facto standard for business process modeling. However, the large number of notation elements it introduces makes its use quite complex. This work investigates the usage of the BPMN notation by analyzing 54,500 models harvested from seven online collections. The study considers different model types introduced by the standard, such as process collaboration, choreography, and conversation. The analyses focus on the syntactic dimension of BPMN, investigating the usage of BPMN elements and their combinations. Syntactic violations of the standard, and of good modeling practices, are also investigated as well as possible relations with BPMN elements and modeling tools. The results of the study can guide further activities of educators, practitioners, researchers, and standardization bodies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Z-alkene geometry is prevalent in various chemical compounds, including numerous building blocks, fine chemicals, and natural products. Unfortunately, established Mo, W, and Ru Z-selective catalysts lose their selectivity at high temperatures required for industrial processes like reactive distillation, which limits their synthetic applications. To address this issue, we develop a catalyst capable of providing Z-alkenes with high selectivity under harsh conditions. Our research reveals a dithiolate ligand that, stabilised by resonance, delivers high selectivity at temperatures up to 150 °C in concentrated mixtures. This distinguishes the dithioquinoxaline complex from existing Z-selective catalysts. Notably, this trait does not compromise the new catalyst's usability under classical conditions, matching the activity of known stereoretentive catalysts. Density Functional Theory calculations were employed to understand the reaction mechanism and selectivity, and to investigate the poisoning that the catalyst may undergo and how it competes with catalytic activity. Furthermore, the quinoxaline-based catalyst enables the valorisation of bio-sourced alkene feedstocks and the production of agricultural sex pheromones for pest control. The Z-alkene geometry is prevalent in various chemical compounds, but established Mo, W, and Ru Z-selective catalysts lose their selectivity at high temperatures, which limits their synthetic applications. Here, the authors develop a catalyst capable of providing Z-alkenes with high selectivity under harsh conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Visual storytelling, particularly through dance choreographies as showcased in previous AlgoRythmics performances, has been effective in communicating relatively straightforward algorithms in an engaging and memorable way. Nevertheless, when addressing complex algorithmic concepts, an approach with greater expressiveness and flexibility becomes necessary. Consequently, this study introduces stage performances as an innovative solution, using cinematic representation to successfully convey and communicate these intricate concepts and processes. To evaluate the effectiveness of this approach, a short film was designed, produced, and showcased to a second-semester CS2 university course audience studying programming techniques. Following an opening scene that establishes the context, the subsequent three acts vividly depict ad hoc, greedy, and dynamic programming solutions in response to the posed programming challenge. After the screening, a questionnaire was administered, built on four key constructs of the Technology Acceptance Model, as well as other potential facilitating factors. The study reveals 100% positive perceptions of educational benefits, with the vast majority of students expressing agreement regarding the utility, enjoyment, engagement, creativity, filmic quality, and cognitive benefits of short films. Additionally, a remarkable 96% reported the intent to utilize this approach. Our subsequent Structural Equation Modeling analysis discovered that students whose learning styles were in sync with this approach demonstrated a robust correlation between their perception of the method's value, their enjoyment of the process, and their overall attitude towards this pedagogical method. This study confirms the potential of visual storytelling through short films as an effective tool for delivering programming education. The findings provide valuable insights for computer science educators seeking to engage learners and convey complex information in an attractive and effective way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Local translation allows for a spatial control of gene expression. Here, we use high-throughput smFISH to screen centrosomal protein-coding genes, and we describe 8 human mRNAs accumulating at centrosomes. These mRNAs localize at different stages during cell cycle with a remarkable choreography, indicating a finely regulated translational program at centrosomes. Interestingly, drug treatments and reporter analyses reveal a common translation-dependent localization mechanism requiring the nascent protein. Using ASPM and NUMA1 as models, single mRNA and polysome imaging reveals active movements of endogenous polysomes towards the centrosome at the onset of mitosis, when these mRNAs start localizing. ASPM polysomes associate with microtubules and localize by either motor-driven transport or microtubule pulling. Remarkably, the Drosophila orthologs of the human centrosomal mRNAs also localize to centrosomes and also require translation. These data identify a conserved family of centrosomal mRNAs that localize by active polysome transport mediated by nascent proteins. Centrosomes function as microtubule organizing centers where several mRNAs accumulate. By employing high-throughput single molecule FISH screening, the authors discover that 8 human mRNAs localize to centrosomes with unique cell cycle dependent patterns using an active polysome targeting mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Team training and interprofessional training have recently emerged as critical new simulations that enhance performance by coordinating communication, leadership, professional, and, to a certain extent, technical skills. In describing these new training tools, the term choreography has been loosely used, but no critical appraisal of the role of the science of choreography has been applied to a surgical procedure. By analogy, the surgical team, including anesthetists, surgeons, nurses, and technicians, constitutes a complete ensemble, whose physical actions and interactions constitute the 'performance of surgery.' There are very specific 'elements' (tools) that are basic to choreography, such as space, timing, rhythm, energy, cues, transitions, and especially rehearsal. This review explores whether such a metaphor is appropriate and the possibility of applying the science of choreography to the surgical team in the operating theater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Internet of Things (IoT) comprises a plethora of networks of things that could be exemplified with devices like sensors and actuators. Although IoT is expected to play a major role in the development and provisioning of smart applications, things in IoT are still confined into silos making their collaboration in the context of complex composition scenarios quite challenging. This paper addresses the silo concern by allowing things to take part in orchestration- and choreography-based composition scenarios. Orchestration relies on a central component to regulate the progress of things' operations, while choreography relies on peer-to-peer interactions to guide this progress. Things' operations are specified according to a set of transactional properties that dictate when an operation's execution outcome could be canceled despite the success or retried until success. This execution consumes resources that are also specified according to a set of availability properties. Not all resources are constantly available and hence could impact the completion of composition scenarios. To demonstrate the technical feasibility of orchestration- and choreography-based composition of transactional things, 2 scenarios consisting of different use-cases are implemented allowing to benchmark orchestration versus choreography at design-time and run-time. Each use-case mixes transactional properties and availability properties, which ensures good coverage of the composition scenarios in which thing could participate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the existence of N vortex patches located at the vertex of a regular polygon with N sides that rotate around the center of the polygon at a constant angular velocity. That is done for Euler and (SQG) β equations, with β ∈ (0 , 1) , but may be also extended to more general models. The idea is the desingularization of the Thomsom polygon for the N point vortex system, that is, N point vortices located at the vertex of a regular polygon with N sides. The proof is based on the study of the contour dynamics equation combined with the application of the infinite-dimensional implicit function theorem and the well-chosen of the function spaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reversible DNA methylation is a fundamental epigenetic manipulator of the genomic information in eukaryotes. DNA demethylation plays a very significant role during embryonic development and stands out for its contribution in molecular reconfiguration during cellular differentiation for determining stem cell fate. DNA demethylation arbitrated extensive make-over of the genome via reprogramming in the early embryo results in stem cell plasticity followed by commitment to the principal cell lineages. This article attempts to highlight the sequential phases and hierarchical mode of DNA demethylation events during enactment of the molecular strategy for developmental transition. A comprehensive knowledge regarding the pattern of DNA demethylation during embryogenesis and organogenesis and study of the related lacunae will offer exciting avenues for future biomedical research and stem cell-based regenerative therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate change is driving extreme changes to the environment, posing substantial threats to global food security and bioenergy. Given the direct role of plant roots in mediating plant-environment interactions, engineering the form and function of root systems and their associated microbiota may mitigate these effects. Synthetic genetic circuits have enabled sophisticated control of gene expression in microbial systems for years and a surge of advances has heralded the extension of this approach to multicellular plant species. Targeting these tools to affect root structure, exudation, and microbe activity on root surfaces provide multiple strategies for the advancement of climate-ready crops. Engineering the form and function of root systems and their associated microbiota could provide a means to mitigate adverse climate-driven effects. Here, the authors review the recent developments in plant and rhizobacterial synthetic biology and highlight engineering targets for applications in root systems and rhizosphere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Genetically encoded photoswitches have enabled spatial and temporal control of cellular events to achieve tailored functions in living cells, but their applications to probe the structure-function relations of signaling proteins are still underexplored. We illustrate herein the incorporation of various blue light-responsive photoreceptors into modular domains of the stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) to manipulate protein activity and faithfully recapitulate STIM1-mediated signaling events. Capitalizing on these optogenetic tools, we identify the molecular determinants required to mediate protein oligomerization, intramolecular conformational switch, and protein-target interactions. In parallel, we have applied these synthetic devices to enable light-inducible gating of calcium channels, conformational switch, dynamic protein-microtubule interactions and assembly of membrane contact sites in a reversible manner. Our optogenetic engineering approach can be broadly applied to aid the mechanistic dissection of cell signaling, as well as non-invasive interrogation of physiological processes with high precision. Optogenetic tools have been used to control cellular behaviours but their use to probe structure-function relations of signalling proteins are underexplored. Here the authors engineer optogenetic modules into STIM1 to dissect molecular details of STIM1-mediated signalling and control various cellular events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Enterprises reach out for collaborations with other organizations in order to offer complex products and services to the market. Such collaboration and coordination between different organizations, for a good share, is facilitated by information technology. The BPMN process choreography is a modeling language for specifying the exchange of information and services between different organizations at the business level. Recently, there is a surging use of the REST architectural style for the provisioning of services on the web, but few systematic engineering approach to design their collaboration. In this paper, we address this gap in a comprehensive way by defining a semi-automatic method for the derivation of RESTful choreographies from process choreographies. The method is based on natural language analysis techniques to derive interactions from the textual information in process choreographies. The proposed method is evaluated in terms of effectiveness resulting in the intervention of a web engineer in only about 10% of all generated RESTful interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Robinson (Current Issues Tour Res 15(4):353-367, 2012, Mediating the tourist experience from brochures to virtual encounters. Famham, Ashgate, 2013) explored the notion of an e-mediated tourist gaze. This paper builds on this idea, in order to evaluate the context within which images are recorded, manipulated and distributed. Google Earth is selected as the medium for this because its geo-spatial format links tourist photographs to the site where the image was captured. The research adopts a primarily qualitative inductive study to identify sociological perspectives on the collection, publication and sharing of images online, using members of Google Earth forums as the sample, and asking further questions around travel planning to tie the research back to the relationship between online image and travel from a production perspective. The research identifies strong links with memory, emotion and choreography and proposes that digital images have created new areas for research into electronic visual media. Whilst Urry and Larsen (The tourist gaze 3.0. Sage, London, 2011) note that these images potentially lead an unprotected and uncontrolled afterlife, it is argued that they also serve a purpose for a future-self as a mediator of nostalgia. The research develops hypotheses for future research around the emotional relationships bound up in the creation and collection of tourism images and the role of the e-mediated gaze. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article we estimate mutual distances of simple choreographic solutions for the Newtonian three-body problem. Explicit formulas will be proved and our applications include the famous figure-8 orbit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eukaryotic complexity and thus their ability to respond to diverse cues are largely driven by varying expression of gene products, qualitatively and quantitatively. Protein adducts in the form of post-translational modifications, most of which are derived from metabolic intermediates, allow fine tuning of gene expression at multiple levels. With the advent of high-throughput and high-resolution mapping technologies there has been an explosion in terms of the kind of modifications on chromatin and other factors that govern gene expression. Moreover, even the classical notion of acetylation and methylation dependent regulation of transcription is now known to be intrinsically coupled to biochemical pathways, which were otherwise regarded as ‘mundane’. Here we have not only reviewed some of the recent literature but also have highlighted the dependence of gene regulatory mechanisms on metabolic inputs, both direct and indirect. We have also tried to bring forth some of the open questions, and how our understanding of gene expression has changed dramatically over the last few years, which has largely become metabolism centric. Finally, metabolic regulation of epigenome and gene expression has gained much traction due to the increased incidence of lifestyle and age-related diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, several educational game platforms have been proposed in the literature for choreographic training. However, their main limitation is that they fail to provide a quantitative assessment framework of a performing choreography against a groundtruth one. In this paper, we address this issue by proposing a machine learning framework exploiting deep learning paradigms. In particular, we introduce a long short-term memory network with the main capability of analyzing 3D captured skeleton feature joints of a dancer into predefined choreographic postures. This pose identification procedure is capable of providing a detailed (fine) evaluation score of a performing dance. In addition, the paper proposes a choreographic summarization architecture based on sparse modeling representative selection (SMRS) in order to abstractly represent the performing choreography through a set of key choreographic primitives. We have modified the SMRS algorithm in a way to extract hierarchies of key representatives. Choreographic summarization provides an efficient tool for a coarse quantitative evaluation of a dance. Moreover, hierarchical representation scheme allows for a scalable assessment of a choreography. The serious game platform supports advanced visualization toolkits using Labanotation in order to deliver the performing sequence in a formal documentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Automated composition of Web services is becoming a prominent paradigm for implementing and delivering distributed applications. A composed service can be described either by orchestration or choreography. Service orchestration has a centralized controller which coordinates the services in a composite service. Differently, service choreography assumes that all of the participating services collaborate with each other to achieve a globally shared task. Choreography has received great attention and demonstrated a few key advantages over orchestration such as data efficiency, distributed control, and scalability. Although there is extensive research on the languages and protocols of choreography, automated design of choreography plans, especially distributed plans for multiple roles, is more complex and not studied before. In this paper, we propose a novel planning-based approach, including compilation of contingencies, stateful actions, dependency analysis and communication control, which can automatically convert a given composition task to a distributed choreography specification. The experimental results conducted on large scale service repositories show the effectiveness and efficiency of our approach for automated choreography of Web services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Services communicate with each other by exchanging self-contained messages, enabling them to make or to respond to requests. Depending on the specific application requirements a number of mismatches affecting the semantics, sequence, cardinality and structure of messages can occur, which prevent interoperation among a prior compatible services. Current technologies present an “ad-hoc” approach for overcoming mismatches. Initiatives to overcome mismatches based on semantic descriptions and mediators, i.e. choreography service, are envisioned as promising in solving these problems. The SOPHIE framework tackles precisely these objectives. It supports the conceptualization and mediation of ontology-based choreographies among interacting services, as a realization of a fully fledged Service Oriented Architecture (SOA). This paper provides an overview of the architecture and algorithms behind SOPHIE. In detail, the service topologies that define the different ways in which parties can be linked and the structure they define are depicted. The operational algorithms that model the mechanisms to generate mediators for overcoming heterogeneity among the Message Exchange Patterns (MEP) of interacting parties are presented. Finally, the correlation algorithms that put in place the required logic to link the messages sent by one party to the ones expected by another are described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The eukaryotic polymerase α (Pol α) synthesizes an RNA-DNA hybrid primer of 20–30 nucleotides. Pol α is composed of Pol1, Pol12, Primase 1 (Pri1), and Pri2. Pol1 and Pri1 contain the DNA polymerase and RNA primase activities, respectively. It has been unclear how Pol α hands over an RNA primer from Pri1 to Pol1 for DNA primer extension, and how the primer length is defined. Here we report the cryo-EM analysis of yeast Pol α in the apo, primer initiation, primer elongation, RNA primer hand-off from Pri1 to Pol1, and DNA extension states, revealing a series of very large movements. We reveal a critical point at which Pol1-core moves to take over the 3'-end of the RNA from Pri1. DNA extension is limited by a spiral motion of Pol1-core. Since both Pri1 and Pol1-core are flexibly attached to a stable platform, primer growth produces stress that limits the primer length. DNA Polymerase α has separate RNA and DNA Polymerase subunits to form a hybrid RNA-DNA primer of unique length. Cryo-EM structures of each stage in primer synthesis reveal large movements among the four subunits and explain how primer length may be limited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the dynamic multi-path environment, mainly solves the problems of poor data transmission and high image recognition error in the existing system, and designs and develops a moving image monitoring and tracking tool, which can effectively complete the tasks of illumination balance, target recognition and target tracking. In addition, according to the teaching mode and actual situation of dance choreography in colleges and universities, the actual demand of teaching dance choreography in colleges and universities is analyzed, the teaching system of dance choreography is designed, and the system is tested in strict accordance with the design and development ideas of software engineering. The results show that the choreography teaching system proposed in this paper has certain advantages, which can effectively deal with different problems in the dynamic multipath environment, and also provide effective teaching solutions for choreography teaching in universities. The development and innovation of choreography teaching system can provide reference for other similar fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sports like dancing and gymnastics are often performed in front of an audience. It is therefore an important question whether spectators help or hinder movement execution. Previous research suggests that the influence of spectators on motor performance depends on the type of task, with condition-based tasks being facilitated, and coordination-based tasks being inhibited (for a recent review, see van Meurs, Greve, & Strauss, 2022). We tested a group of female carnival dancers (N = 15, Mage = 19; age range between 15 and 35 years) over the course of a competitive season. The same dance choreography was performed at four timepoints, each time with and without spectators. Dance performances were videotaped and afterwards rated by 7 qualified raters, who were blinded concerning the experimental condition. Raters noted an increased quality of the dance with increasing practice (linear and cubic trend). Concerning social facilitation effects, dance performance was either improved (timepoint 2) or unchanged (timepoints 1, 3, and 4) in front of the audience. Our results indicate that a complex coordination task like the carnival dance may be facilitated when being watched. Future research should address whether these findings can be replicated in other aesthetic sports (like gymnastics), whether they are influenced by gender, and how individual performances influence the group outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When reading consecutive mRNA codons, ribosomes move by exactly one triplet at a time to synthesize a correct protein. Some mRNA tracks, called slippery sequences, are prone to ribosomal frameshifting, because the same tRNA can read both 0- and –1-frame codon. Using smFRET we show that during EF-G-catalyzed translocation on slippery sequences a fraction of ribosomes spontaneously switches from rapid, accurate translation to a slow, frameshifting-prone translocation mode where the movements of peptidyl- and deacylated tRNA become uncoupled. While deacylated tRNA translocates rapidly, pept-tRNA continues to fluctuate between chimeric and posttranslocation states, which slows down the re-locking of the small ribosomal subunit head domain. After rapid release of deacylated tRNA, pept-tRNA gains unconstrained access to the –1-frame triplet, resulting in slippage followed by recruitment of the –1-frame aa-tRNA into the A site. Our data show how altered choreography of tRNA and ribosome movements reduces the translation fidelity of ribosomes translocating in a slow mode. Slippery sequences in mRNA can cause the ribosome to change its reading frame. Using smFRET, Poulis et al. show how reversible fluctuations of peptidyl-tRNA slow down translocation, alter ribosome dynamics, and favor spontaneous ribosome frameshifting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Function-as-a-Service (FaaS) is an event-based reactive programming model where functions run in ephemeral stateless containers for short duration. For building complex serverless applications, function composition is crucial to coordinate and synchronize the workflow of an application. Some serverless orchestration systems exist, but they are in their primitive state and do not provide inherent support for non-trivial workflows like, Fork-Join. To address this gap, we propose a fully serverless and scalable design model ReactiveFnJ for Fork-Join workflow. The intent of this work is to illustrate a design which is completely choreographed, reactive, asynchronous, and represents a dynamic composition model for serverless applications based on Fork-Join workflow. Our design uses two innovative patterns, namely, Relay Composition and Master-Worker Composition to solve execution time-out challenges. As a Proof-of-Concept (PoC), the prototypical implementation of Split-Sort-Merge use case, based on Fork-Join workflow is discussed and evaluated. The ReactiveFnJ handles embarrassingly parallel computations, and its design does not depend on any external orchestration services, messaging services, and queue services. ReactiveFnJ facilitates in designing fully automated pipelines for distributed data processing systems, satisfying the Serverless Trilemma in true essence. A file of any size can be processed using our effective and extensible design without facing execution time-out challenges. The proposed model is generic and can be applied to a wide range of serverless applications that are based on the Fork-Join workflow pattern. It fosters the choreographed serverless composition for complex workflows. The proposed design model is useful for software engineers and developers in industry and commercial organizations, total solution vendors and academic researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Service-based applications are based on modern architectures that require careful design of interfaces and protocols to allow smooth integration of service components. These design artifacts are not only useful for implementation, but could also be used for the derivation of integration tests. In order to be applied in these different activities of the development process, they have to conform to existing requirements and other specifications at different architectural levels. In addition, their internal consistency has to be ensured. In this paper, we present an approach to service integration based on a domain-specific language for service choreographies. We first explain the motivation for our work by defining the industrial context that led to the definition of a domain-specific choreography language, called message choreography modeling (MCM). We then provide syntax and semantics for MCM, together with suitable methods for ensuring its consistency. Finally, we report on our experience in applying the described language in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work we introduce a planar restricted four-body problem where a massless particle moves under the gravitational influence due to three bodies following the figure-eight choreography, and explore some symmetric periodic orbits of this system which turns out to be nonautonomous. We use reversing symmetries to study both theoretically and numerically a certain type of symmetric periodic orbits of this system. The symmetric periodic orbits (initial conditions) were computed by solving some boundary-value problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Choreographies are periodic orbits in which all bodies move on the same trajectory with equal time delay. The best known three-body choreography is figure-eight orbit. Here we introduce a search method specialized for choreographies and present three new orbits with vanishing angular momentum that are the first clear examples of choreographies that cannot be described as k-th powers of the figure-eight solution, according to the topological classification of orbits. We have also found 17 new 'powers of the eight' choreographies. According to our numerical computation, one of two distinct $$k=7$$ choreographies is linearly stable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]