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The automatic analysis of water-sensitive papers (WSP) is of great relevance in agriculture. SprayImageMobile is a software tool developed for mobile devices (iOS) that provides full processing of WSP, from image acquisition to the final reporting. One of the initial processing tasks on SprayImageMobile is the detection (or segmentation) of the WSP on the image acquired by the device. This paper presents the method developed for the detection of the WSP that was implemented in SprayImageMobile. The method is based on the identification of reference points along the WSP margins, and the modeling of a quadrilateral that takes into account possible false positive and negative identifications. The method was tested on a set of 360 images, failing to detect the WSP in only 1 case (detection accuracy of 99.7%). The segmentation accuracy was evaluated using references obtained by a semi-automatic method. The average values obtained for the 359 images tested were: 0.9980 (precision), 0.9940 (recall) and 0.9921 (Hammoude metric).

The citation similarity measurement task is defined as determining how similar the meanings of two citations are. This task play an significant role in Natural Language Processing applications, especially in academic plagiarism detection. Yet, computing citation similarity is not a trivial task, due to the incomplete and ambiguous information presented in academic papers, which makes necessity to leverage extra knowledge to understand it, as well as most similarity measures based on the syntactic features, and other based on the semantic part still has many drawbacks. In this paper, we propose a corpus-based approach using deep learning word embeddings to compute more effective citation similarity. Our study explores the previous works on text similarity, namely, string-based, knowledge-based and corpus-based. Then we define our new basis and experiment on a large dataset of scientific papers. The final results demonstrate that deep learning based approach can enhance the effectiveness of citation similarity.

English is one of two official languages in Cameroon and it is used as L2 from pre-school to university. It therefore implies that the language is crucial in the academic achievement of primary school pupils. Success in the First School Leaving Certificate (FSLC) Examination marks the end of the primary cycle and possession of the first education certificate which opens the way to several avenues. However, failure in the English language paper would hardly lead to success in the examination. In addition, the majority of careers require success and competence in the English language. The English language paper then is High-Stakes, with great washback effects not only for pupils and candidates but also for various stakeholders. Recently, there have been loud cries on the disparity existing between English language results and language use of primary school students. The trend seems continuous right up to higher education. The question has been raised as to how to explain the mass success rate in English language in the FSLC Examination given the poor level of communication of students. Many reasons and explanations have been suggested for this state of affairs, such as the policy of education for all, the young ages of pupils, inadequate teaching materials, inadequate teacher training and development, and poor parental support. This chapter takes a critical look at the involvement of classroom teachers in the development, organisation, administration and marking of the English language paper in the FSLC Examination. The chapter attempts to examine the roles and duties of classroom teachers, and whether their involvement enhances or reduces the validity and reliability of the examination.

Multi-view data that contains the data represented in many types of features has received much attention recently. The class of method utilising non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) and manifold learning to seek the meaningful latent structure of data has been popularly used for both traditional data and multi-view data. The NMF and manifold based multi-view clustering methods focus on dealing with the challenges of manifold learning and applying manifold learning on the NMF framework. This paper provides a comprehensive review of this important class of methods on multi-view data. We conduct an extensive experiments on several datasets and raise many open problems that can be dealt with in the future so a higher clustering performance can be achieved.

Authentication protocols based on an asymmetric keypair provide strong authentication as long as the private key remains secret, but may fail catastrophically if the private key is lost or stolen. Even when encrypted with a password, stolen key material is susceptible to offline brute-force attacks. In this paper we demonstrate a method for rate-limiting password guesses on stolen key material, without requiring special hardware or changes to servers. By slowing down offline attacks and enabling easy key revocation our algorithm reduces the risk of key compromise, even if a low-entropy password is used.

Les Papiers d’Aspern (1961) is Marguerite Duras’s untranslated play based on Henry James’s 1888 novella The Aspern Papers. French scholars generally have viewed this play as a direct translation of an earlier English-language adaptation by Michael Redgrave, but the differences between the two versions are substantive. Quite differently than Redgrave, Duras interprets James’s novella as an account of gendered racialization and linguistic difference that resonates with the emergence of French and Francophone postcolonial writing in Paris during the late 1950s and early 1960s. Her reading of James presents a systematic, period-specific analysis that should be considered within the larger histories of both feminist scholarly interpretations and French readings of his work. Additionally, in its analysis of Italy and the Italian language, this under-read play merits attention in discussions of Duras’s ambivalent portrayals of colonialism and ethnic gendering.

With the increasing in demand for video traffic, video service has been becoming more and more diversified. Scaled video coding (SVC) has become one of the most common video code technology to meet the requirements of different video service types. Therefore, SVC based video users quality of service (QoS) guarantee is one of the most basic problems of the network, but there are few studies focusing on the SVC based video users QoS guarantee protocol for the next generation wireless location access network (WLAN). This paper proposes SVC based media access control (MAC) protocol with QoS guarantee for next generation WLAN, referred to as QoS-SVC. If there are some residual sub-channels resource after the first channel contention, the protocol offers another opportunity, named second random contention, for the video users both collided and successful in the first random contention phase and enables them to transmit their data in the residual sub-channels. The simulation results show that the throughput adopting QoS-SVC is improved by 154%, compared with non-second random contention access (Non-SRCA) protocol.

Over the past decades, football (soccer) has continued to draw more and more attention from people all over the world. Meanwhile, the appearance of the internet led to a rapidly growing market for online bookmakers, companies which offer sport bets for specific odds. With numerous matches every week in dozens of countries, football league matches hold enormous potential for developing betting strategies. In this context, a betting strategy beats the bookmaker if it generates positive average profits over time. In this paper, we developed a data-driven framework for predicting the outcome of football league matches and generating meaningful profits by betting accordingly. Conducting a simulation study based on the matches of the five top European football leagues from season 2013/14 to 2017/18 showed that economically and statistically significant returns can be achieved by exploiting large data sets with modern machine learning algorithms. Furthermore, it turned out that these results cannot be reached with a linear regression model or simple betting strategies, such as always betting on the home team.

In 2019, Rhoban Football Club reached the first place of the KidSize soccer competition for the fourth time and performed the first in-game throw-in in the history of the Humanoid league. Building on our existing code-base, we improved some specific functionalities, introduced new behaviors and experimented with original methods for labeling videos. This paper presents and reviews our latest changes to both software and hardware, highlighting the lessons learned during RoboCup.

Fog-based radio access networks (F-RAN) are posed to play a pivotal role in the much-anticipated 5th Generation (5G) cellular networks. The philosophy of F-RAN is to harness the distributed resources of collaborative edge devices to deliver localized RAN services to the end users. The current F-RAN is implemented mainly utilizing dedicated hardware and do not leverage on the available large number of distributed edge devices. This paper introduces the idea of opportunistic fog RAN (OF-RAN) which comprises of virtual fog access points (v-FAPs). The v-FAPs are formed opportunistically by one or more local edge devices also referred to as service nodes, such as WiFi access points, femtocell base stations and more resource rich end user devices under the coverage and management of the physical FAP, which can be dedicated fog server, fog-enabled remote radio heads (RRHs) or macrocell base stations. The proposed OF-RAN can be a low latency and high scalable solution for 5G cellular networks.

The paper introduces the concept of \(\varPhi \)-data, data that is a proxy for some underlying data that offers advantages of data privacy and security while at the same time allowing particular data mining operations without requiring data owner participation once the proxy has been generated. The nature of the proxy representation is dependent on the nature of the desired data mining to be undertaken. Secure collaborative clustering is considered where the \(\varPhi \)-data is in the form of a Super Secure Chain Distance Matrices (SSCDM) encrypted using a proposed Multi-User Order Preserving Encryption (MUOPE) scheme. SSCDMs can be produced with respect to horizontal and vertical data partitioning. The DBSCAN clustering algorithm is adopted for illustrative and evaluation purposes. The results indicate that the proposed solution is efficient and produces comparable clustering configurations to those produced using an unencrypted, “standard”, algorithm; while maintaining data privacy and security.

Nowadays the development of internet of things (IoT) has become the next major growth point of wireless communication. And narrow band has become a new trend in the development of IoT. Achieving massive connectivity and ever-increasing network capacity has become an important subject of our research. We find that sparse code multiple access (SCMA), a type of non-orthogonal multiple access, is supposed to meet these needs, but it can hardly apply to NB-IoT because narrow band does not have the ability of spread spectrum. On this basis, we introduce SCMA into time domain, named T-SCMA, for NB-IoT. By multiplexing SCMA in the time domain and defining a MAC frame structure, we can significantly improve both connectivity and network capacity, ultimately obtain a much higher throughput property gain over time division multiple address (TDMA).

Sparse Code Multiple Access (SCMA) is a promising non-orthogonal multiple access technology for 5G radio access networks. It improves the connectivity and capacity. However, the two multiple access methods of SCMA: granted and grant-free cannot dynamically match the real-time demands since the resources allocated for the granted method and grant-free method are clearly separated with each other. This further deteriorates the system performance. This article proposes a semi-granted SCMA method, by enabling the granted demands and grant-free demands to share the same resources. Simulation results confirm that semi-granted SCMA matches the dynamically fluent demands and significantly improve the throughput of SCMA 5G system.

Braverman E.M. Certain problems in the design of machines which classify objects according to an identifying feature which is not specified a priori. Automation and Remote Control 21, 971–978 (1960). Braverman, E.M. Experiments on machine learning to recognize visual patterns. Automation and Remote Control 23, 315–327 (1962).

We present a scenario where browsers’ network and computation capabilities are used by an attacker without the user’s knowledge. For this kind of abuse, an attacker needs to trigger JavaScript code on the browser, e.g. through an advertisement. However, unlike other Web attacks, e.g. cross-site scripting, the attack can be executed isolated from the Origin of the site visited by the user.

Proper assessment of the utility of the Mareva Injunction and the Saisie Conservatoire would not be possible without casting a few words on one of the most recent European developments: the availability of the European Account Preservation Order (hereinafter: EAPO) since 18 January 2017 when Regulation 655/2014—that created it—came into being.

Paper fragments reassembly has been playing an important role in many places such as public security and even archaeology. Combined with the travelling salesman problem, a novel approach based on the matching of greyscale difference matrix is adopted. Experimental results demonstrate its potential in speed, accuracy and less human intervention for double-sided paper fragments reassembly. The study may provide a new direction for the automatic stitching or image mosaic technique.

Combining social network information with collaborative filtering recommendation algorithms has successfully reduced some of the drawbacks of collaborative filtering and increased the accuracy of recommendations. However, all approaches in the domain of research paper recommendation have used explicit social relations that are initiated by users. Moreover, the results of previous studies have shown that the recommendations produced cannot compete with traditional collaborative filtering. We argue that the available data in social bookmarking websites can be exploited to connect similar users using implicit social connections based on their bookmarking behavior. We explore the implicit social relations between users in social bookmarking websites such as CiteULike and Mendeley, and propose three different implicit social networks to recommend relevant papers/people to users. We showed that the proposed implicit social networks connect users with similar interests and the relations are propagated through the networks. In addition, we showed that implicit social networks connect more users than the two of well-known explicit social networks (co-authorship and friendship).

Paper tubes are usually produced by expert workers who are trained from experience. The manufacture technology can also be developed by this empirical rule. The so-called expert is non-expert person who is trained in the daily working and improve the technology by himself. It is a task for middle and small-sized enterprises in how to train the workers in a short time effectively. This is not only for paper tubes production, but also for a small factory on how to inherit its technology in a short time effectively. The objective of this is to analyze the motion for paper tubes fabricating by observe difference between expert and non-expert at work site as one of “Great master’s work” in middle and small-sized enterprises.

Computer-based testing (CBT) is considered to have several advantages compared with paper-pencil-based tests (PPT). It allows the embedding of different formats (e.g. audio and video files), quick and (semi-)automatic scoring and therefore opportunities for adoptions, measuring of additional information, such as response times, inclusion of a broader variety of test subjects as well as the avoidance of errors in data transmission (e.g. ambiguous and illegible information) and analysis. Overall, it is generally accepted that CBT saves resources such as time, materials and personnel in comparison to PPT situations. Against this background we favour the CBT approach for data collection. Nevertheless, CBT also entails several disadvantages that need to be considered, such as hardware or software problems (e.g. freezing, crashing, display errors, or when the same content is displayed differently). In addition, influencing factors conditioned not only by the technical aspects of a CBT situation but also due to individual characteristics of the participants, are discussed in the literature. Main concerns in using CBT address questions of comparability and equivalence of paper-pencil testing (PPT) and computer based testing (CBT), which has provoked a long history of research with regard to so-called mode effects. To answer the question whether the tests used to evaluate the training programme for prospective teachers can be used in CBT as well as in PPT, we conducted a pilot study and analysed whether mode effects exist. Results indicate that there is no systematic influence of the testing mode on test persons’ performance.

Electrocardiogram (ECG) is one of the most practiced methods to detect any abnormalities in human heart function. ECG waveforms are usually recorded as paper form. However, ECG paper records are inconvenient for storage and retrieval of the patient records. In this paper, an improved ECG waveform extraction algorithm from paper records is proposed. It is used to get accurate ECG trajectory information with a serious of adaptive image processing techniques, including skew correction, waveform segmentation, and tracking. The presented algorithm is tested with a number of ECG records printed from different equipment. Furthermore, three metrics are adopted for quantitative measurement between reconstructed signals and original waveforms. The comparison result shows an average accuracy of 95.5%, which proves the effectiveness of the method.

The main purpose of this paper is to analyses adaptive learning of elementary students’ reading comprehension within multi-strategy using different tools. By applying the SOI model (Mayer 1996), three knowledge constructions of cognitive process, the reading comprehension for guiding three cognitive processes is developed in our design website tool named Multiple Online Reading Strategies System. The three multifunctional strategies in online reading strategies system, Selecting relevant information, Organizing incoming information, and Integrating incoming information with exist knowledge, could be applied to highlighting important information, concept mapping, and summarizing to determine topic sentences or important sentences in an article. Data are collected from elementary school in Taiwan and 245 questionnaires are collected in our study. These data are analyzed by the SPSS-for-windows software with statistical methods, descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results of the empirical study suggest that adopting the highlighting method for students to understand articles and employing concept mapping and summarizing strategies to improve students’ comparative analysis capabilities are conducive to establishing compact reading strategies for them whether students use online or on paper.

In recent years, the number of papers on Alzheimer’s disease classification has increased dramatically, generating interesting methodological ideas on the use machine learning and feature extraction methods. However, practical impact is much more limited and, eventually, one could not tell which of these approaches are the most efficient. While over 90% of these works make use of ADNI an objective comparison between approaches is impossible due to variations in the subjects included, image pre-processing, performance metrics and cross-validation procedures. In this paper, we propose a framework for reproducible classification experiments using multimodal MRI and PET data from ADNI. The core components are: (1) code to automatically convert the full ADNI database into BIDS format; (2) a modular architecture based on Nipype in order to easily plug-in different classification and feature extraction tools; (3) feature extraction pipelines for MRI and PET data; (4) baseline classification approaches for unimodal and multimodal features. This provides a flexible framework for benchmarking different feature extraction and classification tools in a reproducible manner. Data management tools for obtaining the lists of subjects in AD, MCI converter, MCI non-converters, CN classes are also provided. We demonstrate its use on all (1519) baseline T1 MR images and all (1102) baseline FDG PET images from ADNI 1, GO and 2 with SPM-based feature extraction pipelines and three different classification techniques (linear SVM, anatomically regularized SVM and multiple kernel learning SVM). The highest accuracies achieved were: 91% for AD vs CN, 83% for MCIc vs CN, 75% for MCIc vs MCInc, 94% for AD-A\(\displaystyle \beta \)+ vs CN-A\(\displaystyle \beta \)- and 72% for MCIc-A\(\displaystyle \beta \)+ vs MCInc-A\(\displaystyle \beta \)+. The code will be made publicly available at the time of the conference (https://gitlab.icm-institute.org/aramislab/AD-ML).

This chapter presents two visionary papers published by Derek de Solla Price, the founding father of the science of science. It presents his view on the scientific literature as a network of scientific papers, and introduces important informetric concepts, including ‘research front’ and ‘immediacy effect’. Next, the chapter shows how his pioneering work on modelling the relational structure of subject space evolved into the creation of a series of currently available, advanced science mapping tools.

How are robot ethics described in peer-reviewed papers for children-robot studies? Do publications refer to robot ethics such as: (a) gaining children’s assent, (b) providing a robot’s description prior to data collection, (c) having a robot exposure phase before data collection and (d) informing children about a robot’s semi-autonomy or not? A total of 27 peer-reviewed papers with an average impact factor of 1.8 were analysed. 63 % of the studies did not state any ethical procedures followed. In eight studies children gave their assent for the experiment; six studies described the robot to children prior to data collection; two studies provided a robot exposure phase prior to data collection and one study informed children that robots are operated machines. The outcomes indicate problematic applications of robot ethics in peer-reviewed journals and the necessity for the publishing industry to consider stricter actions on this aspect of a publication.

This paper reviews several aspects where electronic/Internet and paper voting can be compared (vote secrecy, verifiability, ballot box integrity, transparency and trust base). We conclude that for many vulnerabilities of Internet voting systems, there exist related weakness in paper systems as well. The main reason why paper-based elections are perceived as more secure is historical experience. We argue that recent criticism about Internet voting has unfairly concentrated on the associated risks and neglected the benefits. Remote electronic voting lowers the cost of election participation and provides the most secure means for absentee voting. The latter is something that is more and more needed in the contemporary, increasingly mobile world. Hence, we need to give Internet voting a chance, even if it means risking with unknown threats.

Packaging materials based on paper are often used for packing foods, for example, flour, spices, rice, noodles and frozen products. Like all materials used for packing, cardboards and papers have to fulfill legal requirements in order to avoid the transfer of undesirable and harmful packaging constituents to foods. These legislations also cover the deterioration in the organoleptic properties of the packed food. Thus, methods and standards have been established in order to evaluate the sensory impact of packaging on foods.

Andrew explores the development of the fictional boy detective beyond 1940, beginning with the holiday-adventure detective series fiction of Enid Blyton. The chapter examines how the boy detective loses some of his prominence, power and skill as a detective and aspects of his social and ideological significance for young readers in his transition from the story-paper to the series-fiction format. Andrew identifies the American superhero comics—particularly DC comics featuring Batman and Robin—as clear descendants of the British “penny dreadful” and story-paper boy detective tradition. After introducing new developments in the American young adult detective genre, this chapter concludes that the American boy detective is the true heir to the boy detective tradition forged in Britain from the 1860s to the 1930s.

This paper discusses mathematical task design in a collaborative environment (the ACODESA teaching method), where activities with both paper and pencil and technology play a central role in learning mathematics. The use of problem situations under a sociocultural framework in the mathematics classroom requires careful mathematical task design to develop mathematical abilities in the classroom, promote diversified thinking, and achieve balance between pencil and paper and technological activities within an activity theory framework. While the task design approach examined in this paper is general, it is exemplified through mathematics teaching tasks appropriate for secondary school entry level.

This paper puts forward a vision of a universal ontology (UO) aiming at solving, or at least greatly alleviating, the semantic integration problem in the field of conceptual modeling and the understandability problem in the field of the semantic web. So far it has been assumed that the UO is not feasible in practice, but we think that it is time to revisit that assumption in the light of the current state-of-the-art. This paper aims to be a step in this direction. We try to make an initial proposal of a feasible UO. We present the scope of the UO, the kinds of its concepts, and the elements that could comprise the specification of each concept. We propose a modular structure for the UO consisting of four levels. We argue that the UO needs a complete set of concept composition operators, and we sketch three of them. We also tackle a few issues related to the feasibility of the UO, which we think that they could be surmountable. Finally, we discuss the desirability of the UO, and we explain why we conjecture that there are already organizations that have the knowledge and resources needed to develop it, and that might have an interest in its development in the near future.

Extensive research has been conducted in recent years on how radiofrequency fields (RF) generated by mobile phones and other wireless communication devices might affect health. However, so far, no scientific consensus is reached. On the one hand there are reports from independent international expert groups who claim that there are no solid indications that such fields may impair human health, on the other hand there are numerous published scientific papers showing alarming effects on virtually all investigated endpoints. Members of ‘action groups’ and ‘engaged citizens’ are essentially aware of the frightening data and hence they do not understand how authorities and health agencies do not seem that much alarmed. We have performed a literature search over an approximately two year period on in vitro and in vivo experimental studies and found that 85% of the papers indeed reported adverse bio effects. However, many of the papers are deficient in one or many ways and are not seldom published in non-specialized journals with poor quality control. Looking at specialized peer reviewed scientific journals the number of papers reporting bio effects drops to about 50%. From these many report only minor (not necessarily adverse) effects, while others report effects at high exposure levels usually not found in our daily life. This explains the more reassuring attitude of expert groups and authorities. It should be realized yet that lack of consistency in scientific data does not means lack of effect and that a simple application of the precautionary approach is still needed.

Anyone who has written one knows how frustratingly difficult it can be to perfect a computer program. Some of the founding fathers of computing set out ideas for reasoning about software — one would say today ‘techniques for proving that a program satisfies its specification’. Alan Turing presented a paper entitled Checking a Large Routine that laid out a workable method for reasoning about programs. Sadly his paper had little impact. Understanding the problem faced, Turing’s proposal and what followed provides insight into how ideas evolve. Comparing three contributions from the 1940s with the current state of the art clarifies a problem that still costs society a fortune each year.

In the course of the last thirty years, science enjoys a remarkable quantitative boom. For example, the total number of substances, registered in the Chemical Abstracts Service Registry File (CAS RF) at the end of the year 1985, was about 8 millions while at the end of the year 2015 it reached up to 104 millions. But, still more and more behind this quantitative boom of science are some of its qualitative aspects. So, e.g., the x–y–z coordinates of atoms in molecules are presently known for no more than 1 million of substances. For the majority of substances registered in CAS RF, we do not know much on their properties, how they react with other substances and to what purpose they could serve. Gmelin Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Beilstein Institute for Organic Chemistry, which systematically gathered and extensively published such information since the nineteenth century, were canceled in 1997 (Gmelin) and 1998 (Beilstein). The number of scientific papers annually published increases, but the value of information they bring falls. The growth of sophisticated ‘push-and-button’ apparatuses allows easier preparation of publications while facilitating ready-to-publish data. Articles can thus be compiled by mere combination of different measurements usually without idea what it all is about and to what end this may serve. Driving force for the production of ever growing number of scientific papers is the need of authors to be distinguished in order to be well considered in seeing financial support. The money and fame are distributed to scientists according to their publication and citation scores. While the number of publications is clearly a quantitative criterion, much hopes have been placed on the citation, which promised to serve well as an adequate measure of the genuine scientific value, i.e., of quality of the scientific work. That, and why these hopes were not accomplished, is discussed in detail in our contribution. Special case of Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry is discussed in more particulars.

Successfully employed in the industry, hardware isolation environment enhances the access control of traditional operating systems and requires more rigorous analysis. This paper first applies the B method to the access control mechanism formalization and proposes an extensible formal model, which not only specifies the access control mechanism with process state transition in Linux, but also introduces the hardware isolation description. Consistent with program implementations, the B specifications can be animated and verified. The proposed B model constructs a mathematical framework for the security analysis, providing a theoretical support for mechanism enhancements. All the model components are type checked by Atelier B, with 547 proof obligations automatically generated. The current rate of model proof is 79%. The experimental results by ProB show that there is no invariant violation or deadlock. In conclusion, this paper presents a feasible solution for access control mechanism formalization and verification in the embedded system design. The access control model can be further extended and refined, with its specifications transformed into executable codes after proved.

Open image in new window Papers accepted in Session 2.4—Landslide Hazard, Risk Assessment and Prediction of the Fourth World Landslide Forum are pertinent to the advances in landslide science ranging from remote sensing to landslide forecasting and the validation of the landslide. Different case studies from Asia, Europe and other parts of the world have illustrated the new technology for landslide monitoring. As landslide risk and vulnerability is very important aspect of science for the human being especially in the mountainous regions, papers presented this session part will add very valuable information on our current understanding of the progress in landslide science.

Writing paper, initially divisive among medieval Europeans, met with widespread acceptance in the fourteenth century. It produced a proliferation of repositories and a culture sensitive to the material evanescence of the written word. Paper was fragile compared to more durable parchment, but both media became players in a drama that saw unceasing documentary production mirrored by its loss and obliteration. On one hand, loss resulted from insufficient strategies of document management and care, especially at the state level where documents were expected to outlive regimes. On the other hand, regimes often found the bulk of paper to be a vexing impediment to power and were keen for it to vanish. Unintended loss and calculated suppression were twin concerns of the paper age.

I have never encountered any controversy as to the fact that I created the world’s first laser. It’s also a fact that I obtained a patent on that laser and it was assigned to Hughes Aircraft Company. As a result of that issued and validated patent, I was installed in the National Inventors Hall of Fame.

This case study investigates professor and student perceptions surrounding an existing writing assignment—a research paper—in an introductory chemical engineering course at an American liberal arts university in the United Arab Emirates. Drawing on observation, survey, and interview data, this naturalistic study provides insight into the sociocultural and pedagogical variables that affect professor and student construal of this research paper and offers insight into adapting American university curriculum to local needs in a context where many students and faculty negotiate disparate cultural assumptions, are used to different pedagogical modes, and lack confidence in their English writing skills. While limited to one course, and indeed, only one assignment, this study highlights how the stakeholders of this assignment—the professor, the students, and the writing fellow—respond to this research paper to mediate the tensions between social–cultural and institutional context, meet the challenges of American-style university writing, and develop student agency and instill an engineering identity. Specific implications for optimizing the assignment to support student investment, foster learner independence, cultivate an engineering identity, and align expectations with first year composition (FYC) are highlighted.

Developing expertise in EAP writing is a time-consuming endeavour, entailing not only mastery of advanced language forms and functions, but also extensive domain knowledge accumulated through interaction with a large body of reading material. By way of practice, academic writing assignments engage students with textual input from multiple sources to be synthesized, analysed, critically evaluated, responded to and, ultimately, creatively transformed. Writers of academic prose are then not only expected to provide an objective account of the data and perspectives of experts, but also to position themselves in relation to them and mark their own presence in the discourse they create. The experience of many practitioners has shown that projecting one’s own identity in the process of developing a thesis, especially when working with source texts in L2 as reference is one of the most challenging academic literacy tasks for novice writers. Discrepancies between L1 and L2 writing cultures, the learners’ status in the academic discourse community and their rigid conceptions of academic writing, often enhanced by inconsistent advice offered by instructional materials, might contribute to the excessive dependence of inexperienced L2 writers on source material and to linguistic choices which reduce their agency. This paper looks into the distribution, rhetorical functions and semantic connotations of first person pronouns employed as identity signals by undergraduate students in source-based research papers.

Here we reproduce some pages of the Irpinia notebook and of the loose pages of paper thanks to the kind permission of the Fondazione Oscar D’Agostino, Avellino.

The paper addresses the task of information extraction from scientific literature with machine learning methods. In particular, the tasks of definition and result extraction from scientific publications in Russian are considered. We note that annotation of scientific texts for creation of training dataset is very labor insensitive and expensive process. To tackle this problem, we propose methods and tools based on active learning. We describe and evaluate a novel adaptive density-weighted sampling (ADWeS) meta-strategy for active learning. The experiments demonstrate that active learning can be a very efficient technique for scientific text mining, and the proposed meta-strategy can be beneficial for corpus annotation with strongly skewed class distribution. We also investigate informative task-independent features for information extraction from scientific texts and present an openly available tool for corpus annotation, which is equipped with ADWeS and compatible with well-known sampling strategies.

The chapter focuses on a cross-national comparison of mediatized schools in Germany and England. Based on the assumption that both school systems follow the same goal of providing good school education, the question arises as to why the mediatized equipment is so different. Our empirical results show that English schools are far more mediatized, exhibiting a higher number of computers, notebooks and tablets in schools as well as digital systems and services. Non-mediatized communication forms dominate in German schools with a high usage of pen and paper or pigeon holes. The different mediatized practices also affect communication with pupils and parents, following the same characteristics as inter-teacher communication. On the other hand, teachers in both countries emphasize the importance of face-to-face contact and direct personal communication. One reason for the differences may be founded in the different educational governance of both countries.

(a) Situation faced: In order to produce innovative solutions faster and more simply, SAP started in 2008 to transform its research and development processes. SAP moved away from complex and static project methods toward agile and simple processes, thereby significantly reducing the throughput time of the standard innovation cycle. Based on the experience of this transformation and optimization, the first at that time in a global company of knowledge workers, SAP decided to increase the emphasis on Business Process Management (BPM). Therefore, BPM initiatives were implemented on a company-wide level in the effort to establish a process infrastructure and a process improvement culture. (b) Action taken: The Productivity Consulting Group (PCG) was founded with the mission of strengthening the importance of BPM throughout the company. The SAP Process Map was established to create transparency in SAP’s key processes, roles, and responsibilities. The SAP Process Maturity Model was created with the aim of constantly increasing the maturity of SAP’s processes. An approach to performance measurement and process improvement and a portfolio of BPM-related services were introduced to support Process Managers on their way to reaching process excellence. In addition, activities were introduced to strengthen the BPM community, the foundation for BPM at SAP. (c) Results achieved: Implementing BPM at SAP was an important step toward overcoming the complexities that plague our businesses, a step that was important to both SAP and its customers. Following the operating principle “Run Simple,” SAP developed a process-management infrastructure throughout the company that led to transparency in SAP’s key processes and measurable process improvements. (d) Lessons learned: The key success factor in SAP’s journey from BPM concepts and ideas to measurable impact—that is, from paper to impact—was the strategic alignment of BPM with top management support. Strong governance with the SAP Process Map, the SAP Process Maturity Model, and BPM standards enabled the company to strive toward process excellence.

In 2015 the EAI conference series steering board declared that the international conference ArtsIT, which began in 2009, was to be extended for its 5th iteration to reflect contemporary trends of increased activities in interactive and game-based arts and technology and be renamed as The International Conference ArtsIT, Interactivity and Game Creation. Hosting would take place in the new auditorium campus buildings of Aalborg University Esbjerg, Denmark where it was also successfully held in 2011.

Few studies have investigated gendered patterns in IT patenting or authorship, but understanding female participation in these areas is important if we are to increase women’s meaningful participation in recognized and rewarded aspects of IT innovation. This chapter reports findings from two studies: one on female rates of patenting and one on female authorship of computing conference papers. In short, we demonstrate that while women’s participation remains low, especially in terms of patenting, important increases have been made over time. We also examine variation in these rates of patenting and authorship across companies and across conferences, ultimately identifying some important implications for increasing women’s meaningful participation in key commercial and intellectual aspects of computing.

The visible aspect of Majorana’s genius, that is, what there was to be appreciated by those of his contemporaries who did not know him well (and such is true until quite recently), is limited to just ten scientific papers, written and published over fewer than ten years. This short list can be found at the end of the book, and it will reveal little to the inexperienced eye, either by the quantity or by the topics, which have nothing particularly “brilliant” about them.

Decision logic related to business processes can be specified with decision tables. Current approaches analyze decision tables in isolation without considering the dependencies with other tables, related tasks, and data flows. This paper presents an approach to integrate data flows with DMN and BPMN models in adaptive and data-intensive processes. We use feature modeling to specify interdependencies among decision logic models in one or multiple business process tasks. We created a constraint-based algorithm that encodes the feature-based specification and propagates decisions among decision logic models according to the process data flow. Therefore, an integrated process model can be configured and its data flow integrity can be guaranteed during process execution.

Modern cryptographic schemes have been focusing on protecting attacks from computational bounded adversaries. The various cryptographic primitives are designed concretely following some randomization design strategies, so that one of the goals is to make it hard for the attacker to distinguish between the real ciphers and the randomly distributed ones. Recently, Google Brain team proposed the idea to build cryptographic scheme automatically based on the neural network, and they claim that the scheme can defeat neural network adversaries. While it is a whole new direction, the security of the underlined scheme is remained unknown. In this paper, we investigate their basic statistical behavior from traditional cryptography’s point of view and extend their original scheme to discuss how the encryption protocol behave under a much more stronger adversary.

In recent years, a lot of vehicle attacks have been reported and demonstrated by researchers and whitehat hackers indicating vehicle cyber security as an important issue particularly for self-driving cars. The reason behind this extended attack vector is the multiple external interfaces of vehicles and minimal internal security protection. Hence, it is totally possible for adversaries to take full control of connected cars. In this paper, we propose an efficient Vehicular Intrusion Detection System (IDS), named as VIDS, which consists of a lightweight domain-based detection model for ECU devices and a comprehensive crossdomain-based detection model for a gateway or domain controller. The former makes use of specification periodic features of Controller Area Network (CAN) frames, while the latter exploits stream bit value features with deep learning techniques. With the use of real vehicular normal datasets and synthesized abnormal datasets for experimenting, the experimental results indicate that the proposed VIDS can achieve better detection rate over existing IDS systems. In addition, VIDS is compatible with vehicle internal CAN network.