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The book presents the proceedings of the International Conference on Innovation of Emerging Communication and Information Technology (ICIEICT 2023), which took place September 11 to 13, 2023, virtually and in Madrid, Spain. The conference is devoted to communication, computer science, electrical and electronics engineering, telecommunication engineering, and information technology. The conference is intended to provide a forum for research scientists, engineers, educators, and practitioners throughout the world to learn, share knowledge, publish, and disseminate the most recent innovations and developments, ideas, and applications in all fields of science, technology and information technology.

This edited book includes more than four hundred short papers that were presented during the fourth edition of EMCEI, which was held in Sousse, Tunisia in November 2022. By presenting a wide range of environmental topics and new findings relevant to a variety of problems in the Mediterranean region and its surroundings, the book addresses emerging environmental issues along with new challenges by focusing on innovative approaches that contribute to achieving a sustainable environment in these regions. The book appeals to anyone working in the subject area and especially students interested in learning more about new developments in environmental research initiatives in light of the worsening environmental degradation of the Mediterranean and surrounding areas, making environmental and resource protection an increasingly important issue that impedes sustainable development and social well-being. The book addresses emerging environmental issues along with new challenges by focusing oninnovative approaches that contribute to achieving a sustainable environment in and around the Mediterranean Sea and by highlighting to decision makers from relevant sectors the environmental considerations that should be integrated into their own activities.

T​his book contains selected papers presented during the World Renewable Energy Network's biannual World Med Green Forum (MGF). The 2022 MGF highlights the role of renewable energy applications in the sustainable building sector with a focus on the Mediterranean region as a foundation for a truly positive energy future. MGF is an open roundtable for an international community of researchers, practitioners, and experts to discuss the most innovative and promising sustainable building technologies. The papers presented explore the intersection between twin transitions in policies, programs, projects, and experimentation, with the digital domain innovating the green building sector towards more reliable and inclusive planning and design practices in order to collectively envision future buildings and cities.

This comprehensive book presents an alternative fresh look at date palm byproducts as a springboard for the future circular bio economy. The book shows and exemplifies how these sustainable biomaterials can be the base for a wide spectrum of products and uses. Examples of these numerous products and uses are demonstrated and categorized into five principal uses: i) pharmaceutical, cosmetics and natural wax,ii) textiles and composites, cellulose and cellulose derivatives, iii)timber and wood substitutes, architecture insulation and building materials, iv) organic fertilizer, compost and soil amendment and water treatment purposes, v) natural fodder and silage, green fuels and bioenergy.

The resilience of food systems and security to emerging challenges and threats, especially in the context of environmental and climate risks and global pandemics such as the Covid-19 crisis, is currently gaining growing importance in research, policy, and practice. Based on this, the core focus of this book, as a part of a series of CERES publications, consists of identifiying and exploring the best ways to overcome such challenges and shocks and to build resilience in the Global South. More precisely, the book analyzes current dynamics and trends related to the climate resilience of food security and assess the relevance of emerging approaches such as climate-smart agriculture, new roles of agriculture extension, smart farming, and climate adaptation of farming systems.The book includes both conceptual and empirical research reporting lessons learned from many geographical, environmental, social, and policy settings while focusing on Africa, Middle East, and Asia. It also provides research and policy-oriented inputs and recommendations to guide change processes at multiple scales.

Entre la fin de la Seconde Guerre mondiale et le début des années 1960, certaines des figures majeures du courant phénoménologique en France, Jean-Paul Sartre, Maurice Merleau-Ponty et Trần Đức Thảo, considèrent que le projet d'articuler marxisme et phénoménologie constitue l'un des principaux enjeux de la philosophie dans le monde contemporain. L'objet de cet ouvrage est de comprendre la spécificité du travail philosophique effectué par chacun de ces penseurs sur ces deux courants de pensée apparemment incompatibles afin de rendre possible leur synthèse. L'auteur retrace la manière dont le projet initial de 1944 a été progressivement mis en question et reconfiguré au contact des mutations politiques et historiques, des débats philosophiques et du développement des sciences humaines. Ce volume, qui s'adresse aux étudiants et chercheurs, met ainsi en lumière les enjeux et les innovations conceptuelles de ce qui reste l'un des moments les plus féconds et originaux de la philosophie française contemporaine.This text covers the period between the end of the Second World War and the beginning of the 1960s, when the phenomenological school in France was represented by Jean-Paul Sartre, Maurice Merleau-Ponty and Tran Duc Thao, who endeavored to combine Marxism with phenomenology as the major task of philosophy in the modern world. The object of this text is to understand the specificity of the philosophical work each performed on these two apparently incompatible schools of thought, in order to make their synthesis possible. The author traces the way in which the initial project of 1944 was progressively questioned and reworked in the wake of political and historical change, philosophical debates and the development of human sciences. This volume appeals to students and researchers while bringing to light the underlying stakes and conceptual innovations of what remains one of the most fertile and original moments in contemporary French philosophy.

This book addresses the question of variability in backed bladelet-based technologies. It also examines the role of LSA microlithic industries as adaptive strategies for coping with paleoenvironmental changes in North Africa. The multidisciplinary research activities conducted in caves and open-air sites in North Africa over the past two decades have highlighted the importance of this region for understanding the development of LSA microlithic technologies in Africa. This book, therefore, enriches the debate of origin and the spread of Late Pleistocene microlithic technologies in North Africa and beyond.Previously published in African Archaeological Review Volume 37, issue 3, September 2020

This book serves the purpose of showcasing some of the works in respect of applied research, field projects, and best practice to foster climate change adaptation across the region.Climate change is having a much greater impact in the Mediterranean than the global average. In the Paris Climate Agreement, the UN member states pledged to stop global warming at well below two degrees, if possible at 1.5 degrees. This mark, which is expected elsewhere only for 2030 to 2050, has already been reached in the region. The situation could worsen in the coming years if the global community does not limit its emissions.The above state of affairs illustrates the need for a better and more holistic understanding of how climate change affects countries in the Mediterranean region on the one hand, but also on the many problems it faces on the other, which prevent adaptation efforts. There is also a perceived need to showcase successful examples of how to duly address and manage the many social, economic, and political problems posed by climate change in the region, in order to replicate and even upscale the successful approaches used.It is against this background that the book'Climate Change in the Mediterranean and Middle Eastern Region'has been produced. It contains papers prepared by scholars, practitioners, and members of governmental agencies, undertaking research and/or executing climate change projects, and working across the region.

The landscape is widely identified as a relevant target both by integrative policies and across the disciplines dealing with resource management and territorial planning. Landscape agronomy promotes a greater involvement of agricultural sciences into this arena by increasing the attention on the dynamics relating the farming practices to the natural resources and the temporal and spatial patterns of land covers. This book covers the background that improved the transdisciplinary interface of agronomy with spatially-explicit disciplines like landscape ecology and geography both in research and in training programs, in addition to some experiences of participative landscape management. On these bases, the state of art on cutting-edge data availability and methodological issues is used to select and discuss some worldwide case studies. This selection of research topic examples underpins the concluding discussions about challenges ahead. Researchers as well as policy and decision makers are the main target of this book that seeks to provide a toolbox of concepts, examples and ideas to improve the understanding of agricultural landscapes. Agricultural activities manage the greatest share of land surface on Earth with fast-paced changes compared to any other human land use. With this book we aim at providing a stronger interface between agricultural science and landscape design processes.

This open access book gathers contributions presented at the International Joint Conference on Mechanics, Design Engineering and Advanced Manufacturing (JCM 2020), held as a web conference on June 2–4, 2020. It reports on cutting-edge topics in product design and manufacturing, such as industrial methods for integrated product and process design; innovative design; and computer-aided design. Further topics covered include virtual simulation and reverse engineering; additive manufacturing; product manufacturing; engineering methods in medicine and education; representation techniques; and nautical, aeronautics and aerospace design and modeling. The book is organized into four main parts, reflecting the focus and primary themes of the conference. The contributions presented here not only provide researchers, engineers and experts in a range of industrial engineering subfields with extensive information to support their daily work; they are also intended to stimulate new research directions, advanced applications of the methods discussed and future interdisciplinary collaborations.

This book makes an original contribution to credential sociology by analysing how high school certificates become and remain valuable in a context of mass high school participation (i.e. credentialism). Building on a detailed analysis of the International Baccalaureate (IB) Diploma, a senior secondary school certificate offered in over 150 countries, Quentin Maire argues that the advent of new private credentials can be understood as a phenomenon of credential stratification in a context of intensified academic competition.Using original data on high school credentials in Australia and internationally, the author makes a strong case for certificates to be studied relationally, by locating them in the credentialing structures in which they are inserted. He systematically applies the comparative method to explain the role of the curriculum, family resources, school segregation and higher education selection in creating a credential hierarchy. His robust combination of theoretical construction and detailed empirical work allows him to offer new insights into social inequality in education systems, credential theory and the IB Diploma.

This book represents a new, completely updated, version of a book edited by two of the current editors, published with Springer in 1999. It covers pest and disease management of greenhouse crops, providing readers the basic strategies and tactics of integrated control together with its implementation in practice, with case studies with selected crops. The diversity of editors and authors provides readers a complete picture of the world situation of IPM in greenhouse crops.

This book reports on innovative concepts and practical solutions at the intersection between engineering design, engineering production and industrial management. It covers cutting-edge design, modeling and control of dynamic and multiphysics systems, knowledge management systems in industry 4.0, cyber-physical production systems, additive and sustainable manufacturing and many other related topics. The original, carefully selected, peer-reviewed chapters highlight collaborative works between different countries and between industry and universities, thus offering a timely snapshot for the research and industrial communities alike, as well as a bridge to facilitate communication and collaboration.

Palms are monocots, Angiosperms, belonging to the family Palmae (Arecaceae), perennials having woody stems. Palmae (Arecaceae) family comprised of about six subfamilies, 200 genera and 2,700 species that are distributed all over the tropical, subtropical and Mediterranean landscape. Palms are diverse (ecologically and morphologically) group of plants. Ornamental palms are important component of landscape as well as interiorscapes. Additionally, these plants are good source of food, feed and shelter with numerous other commercial benefits. Likewise other trees and crops, landscape and field nurseries of palms are also subjected to various threats of insect pest and diseases (caused by different plant pathogens). Amongst fungal diseases leaf spots, leaf blights, Fusarium wilts, butt rots, bud rots, root rots, lethal yellowing and decline of palms are major growth constraints of palm growth. In developing countries very little attention has been paid on the etiology and management of these fungal diseases on ornamental palms. Accurate diagnosis and reliable management plan of palm fungal diseases usually requires expertise in both modern and advanced plant pathological approaches. Historically it was general belief that plant pathogens are not associated with human diseases. Since 19th century, several clinical reports are available indicating many plant pathogenic fungi (Aspergillus spp., Penicillium spp., Alternaria spp., Trichoderma spp., Fusarium spp., Curvularia spp. and Colletotrichum Spp) as novel agents of human diseases. Besides the association of fungal plant pathogens infecting ornamental palms, harbouring any of earlier mentioned or other fungal species (capable of causing certain diseases in human beings or pets) by the ornamental palms cultivation (either grown indoor or outdoor) is an important area of research to be explored and addressed thoroughly. This book will provide the deep information regarding major fungal diseases of ornamental palms, their symptoms, disease identification, and etiology and management strategies. This book will also provide unique knowledge regarding the ornamental palms harbouring kinds of human fungal pathogens and their practical management at domestic and commercial scale, in order to make cultivation of these plant more beneficial for humans, animals and environment.

International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Renewable Energetic Systems, IC-AIRES2019, 26-28 November 2019, Taghit-Bechar, Algeria. The challenges of the energy transition in the medium term lead to numerous technological breakthroughs in the areas of production, optimal distribution and the rational use of energy and renewable energy (energy efficiency and optimization of consumption, massive electrification, monitoring and control energy systems, cogeneration and energy recovery processes, new and renewable energies, etc.). The fall in the cost of renewable energies and the desire for a local control of energy production are today calling for a profound change in the electricity system. Local authorities are at the center of energy developments by taking into account the local nature of certain energy systems, heat networks, geothermal energy, waste heat recovery, and electricity generation from household waste. On the other side, digital sciences are atthe heart of connected objects and intelligent products that combine information processing and communication capabilities with their environment. Digital technology is at the center of new systems engineering approaches (3D modeling, virtualization, simulation, digital prototyping, etc.) for the design and development of intelligent systems. The book deals with various topics ranging from the design, development and maintenance of energy production systems, transport, distribution or storage of energy, optimization of energy efficiency, especially in the use of energy. innovation in the fields of energy production from renewable energies, management of energy networks: electricity, fluids, gas, district heating, energy storage modes: battery, super-capacitors, overseeing energy supply through supervision, control and diagnosis, risk management, as well as the design and management of smart grids: microgrid, smartgrid. This imposes the model of energy empowerment in the advent of smart cities. Empower the world's most vulnerable energy-poor citizens and establish growing and vibrant socioeconomic communities, by academics, students in engineering and data computing from around the world who have chosen an academic path leading to an electric power and energy engineering and artificial intelligence to advancing technology for the advantage of humanity.

This book examines the development of innovative modern methodologies towards augmenting conventional plant breeding, in individual crops, for the production of new crop varieties under the increasingly limiting environmental and cultivation factors to achieve sustainable agricultural production, enhanced food security, in addition to providing raw materials for innovative industrial products and pharmaceuticals. This Volume 4, subtitled Nut and Beverage Crops, focuses on advances in breeding strategies using both traditional and modern approaches for the improvement of individual plantation crops. Included in Part I, eleven important nut species recognized for their economical and nutritional importance including Almond, Argan, Brazil nut, Cashew nut, Chestnut, Hazelnut, Macadamia, Peanut, Pine nut, Pistachio and Walnut. Part II covers two popular beverage species, coffee and tea. This volume is contributed by 53 internationally reputable scientists from 13 countries. Each chapter comprehensively reviews the modern literature on the subject and reflects the authors own experience.

This book aims at explaining the nature and strength of the links between the families and their farms looking at their diversity throughout the world. To do so, it documents family farming diversity by using the sustainable rural livelihood (SRL) framework exploring their ability to adapt and transform to changing environments. In 18 case studies in Asia, Africa, Latin America and Europe, it shows how family farms resist under adverse conditions, seize new opportunities and permanently transform. Family farms, far from being backwards are potential solutions to face the current challenges and shape a new future for agriculture taking advantage of their local knowledge and capacity to cope with external constraints. Many co-authors of the book have both an empirical and theoretical experience of family farming in developed and developing countries and their related institutions. They specify «what makes and means family» in family farming and the diversity of their expertise draws a wide and original picture of this resilient way of farming throughout the world.

This book focuses on recent developments in consumer law, specifically addressing mandatory disclosures and the topical problem of information overload. It provides a comparative analysis based on national reports from countries with common law and civil law traditions in Asia, America and Europe, and presents the reports in the form of chapters that have been drafted on the basis of a questionnaire, and which use the same structure as the questionnaire to allow them to be easily compared. The book starts with an analysis of the basic assumptions underlying the current consumer protection models and examines whether and how consumer models adapt to the new market conditions. The second part addresses the information obligations themselves, first highlighting the differences in the reported countries before narrowing the analysis down to countries with a general pre-contractual information duty, particularly the transparency requirements that often come withsuch a duty. The next part examines recent developments in the law on food labelling, commercial practices and unfair contract terms in order to identify whether similar traits can be found in European and non-European jurisdictions. The fourth part of the book focuses on specific information obligations in the financial services and e-commerce sectors, discussing the fact that legislators are experimenting with different forms of summary disclosures in these sectors. The final part provides a critical appraisal of the recent developments in consumer information obligations, addressing the question of whether the multiple criticisms from behavioural sciences necessitate abandonment or refinement of current consumer information models in favour of new, more adequate forms of consumer protection, and providing suggestions.

This volume includes the papers presented during the 1st Euro-Mediterranean Conference for Environmental Integration (EMCEI) which was held in Sousse, Tunisia in November 2017. This conference was jointly organized by the editorial office of the Euro-Mediterranean Journal for Environmental Integration in Sfax, Tunisia and Springer (MENA Publishing Program) in Germany. It aimed to give a more concrete expression to the Euro-Mediterranean integration process by supplementing existing North-South programs and agreements with a new multilateral scientific forum that emphasizes in particular the vulnerability and proactive remediation of the Euro-Mediterranean region from an environmental point of view. This volume gives a general and brief overview on current research focusing on emerging environmental issues and challenges and its applications to a variety of problems in the Euro-Mediterranean zone and surrounding regions. It contains over five hundred and eighty carefully refereed shortcontributions to the conference. Topics covered include (1) innovative approaches and methods for environmental sustainability, (2) environmental risk assessment, bioremediation, ecotoxicology, and environmental safety, (3) water resources assessment, planning, protection, and management, (4) environmental engineering and management, (5) natural resources: characterization, assessment, management, and valorization, (6) intelligent techniques in renewable energy (biomass, wind, waste, solar), (7) sustainable management of marine environment and coastal areas, (8) remote sensing and GIS for geo-environmental investigations, (9) environmental impacts of geo/natural hazards (earthquakes, landslides, volcanic, and marine hazards), and (10) the environmental health science (natural and social impacts on Human health). Presenting a wide range of topics and new results, this edited volume will appeal to anyone working in the subject area, including researchers and students interested to learnmore about new advances in environmental research initiatives in view of the ever growing environmental degradation in the Euro-Mediterranean region, which has turned environmental and resource protection into an increasingly important issue hampering sustainable development and social welfare.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 18th International TRIZ Future Conference on Automated Invention for Smart Industries, held in Strasbourg, France, in October 2018 and sponsored by IFIP WG 5.4.The 27 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. They are organized in seven thematic sections: teaching of TRIZ; TRIZ and knowledge represenations; biomimicry; strategic company management; association between TRIZ and other methods; TRIZ and the functional approach; and the use of patent or text populations as a data source.

This book represents a set of critical analyses of educational reforms where issues of transnational governance are of vital concern. It focuses on different aspects of, and practices in educational reform-making, and in particular on governing techniques and the working of new agencies such as supranational and multinational organizations. In addition, the book examines contemporary issues of immigration/immigrants in the politics of schooling, by reflecting on matters of migration, and problematizing how concepts such as exclusion and abjection make the migrants appear “failed”, “insufficient” and even “dangerous”. The book provides theoretical insights into critical relations between knowledge and power, governance and governmentality, and notions concerning educational systems, as well as how these are compared. The central themes of the book are models for organizing and reflecting on transnationalization and educational reforms. In its discussion of those themes, the focus lies on changing conceptions of education and the educational system; on how school or teacher education is adapting to discourses of effectiveness and efficiency; and on their transformation according to standardized templates. Such changing conceptions define the meanings of education and educational progress; they are important for the identification and analysis of educational knowledge, and for critical discourses on education in society.

This book gives an overview of frameworks, methods, and case studies useful for the analysis of the relations between agriculture and the city, in Europe and the Mediterranean. Its originality lies in the analysis of urban food systems sustainability from an actors'perspective. All the chapters consider the key role of actors in the definition of innovations and pathways, which enhance sustainability, seen as an ongoing process. Part 1 presents systemic approaches of agricultural-urban interactions at the city-region scale in France, Egypt, Italy and Morocco. Part 2 deals with methods and tools for urban planning and local development, utilized to design and assess sustainable food systems. The Part 3 inventories the recent changes in urban agriculture and the new forms of governance which are emerging in European cities (Athens, Berlin, Lisbon, Montpellier, Paris and Zurich). These results are useful for students, academics and activists involved in local policies and projects.

Covering key topics in the field such as technological innovation, human-centered sustainable engineering and manufacturing, and manufacture at a global scale in a virtual world, this book addresses both advanced techniques and industrial applications of key research in interactive design and manufacturing. Featuring the full papers presented at the 2014 Joint Conference on Mechanical Design Engineering and Advanced Manufacturing, which took place in June 2014 in Toulouse, France, it presents recent research and industrial success stories related to implementing interactive design and manufacturing solutions.

This book gathers papers presented at the International Joint Conference on Mechanics, Design Engineering and Advanced Manufacturing (JCM 2016), held on 14-16 September, 2016, in Catania, Italy. It reports on cutting-edge topics in product design and manufacturing, such as industrial methods for integrated product and process design; innovative design; and computer-aided design. Further topics covered include virtual simulation and reverse engineering; additive manufacturing; product manufacturing; engineering methods in medicine and education; representation techniques; and nautical, aeronautics and aerospace design and modeling. The book is divided into eight main sections, reflecting the focus and primary themes of the conference. The contributions presented here will not only provide researchers, engineers and experts in a range of industrial engineering subfields with extensive information to support their daily work; they are also intended to stimulate new research directions, advanced applications of the methods discussed, and future interdisciplinary collaborations.

Containing selected papers from the ICRESH-ARMS 2015 conference in Lulea, Sweden, collected by editors with years of experiences in Reliability and maintenance modeling, risk assessment, and asset management, this work maximizes reader insights into the current trends in Reliability, Availability, Maintainability and Safety (RAMS) and Risk Management. Featuring a comprehensive analysis of the significance of the role of RAMS and Risk Management in the decision making process during the various phases of design, operation, maintenance, asset management and productivity in Industrial domains, these proceedings discuss key issues and challenges in the operation, maintenance and risk management of complex engineering systems and will serve as a valuable resource for those in the field.

The volume consists of twenty-five chapters selected from among peer-reviewed papers presented at the CELDA (Cognition and Exploratory Learning in the Digital Age) 2013 Conference held in Fort Worth, Texas, USA, in October 2013 and also from world class scholars in e-learning systems, environments and approaches. The following sub-topics are included: Exploratory Learning Technologies (Part I), e-Learning social web design (Part II), Learner communities through e-Learning implementations (Part III), Collaborative and student-centered e-Learning design (Part IV). E-Learning has been, since its initial stages, a synonym for flexibility. While this dynamic nature has mainly been associated with time and space it is safe to argue that currently it embraces other aspects such as the learners'profile, the scope of subjects that can be taught electronically and the technology it employs. New technologies also widen the range of activities and skills developed in e-Learning. Electronic learning environments have evolved past the exclusive delivery of knowledge. Technology has endowed e-Learning with the possibility of remotely fomenting problem solving skills, critical thinking and team work, by investing in information exchange, collaboration, personalisation and community building.

In the first section dedicated to theoretical thoughts on comparative agriculture, Hubert Cochet introduces the notion of “agricultural development”, the very subject of comparative agriculture, with a restored endogenous dimension. He then describes how this approach was slowly consolidated, around the concept of agrarian system in particular. The comparison of agricultural transformations in time and space highlights the importance of the comparatist approach to production processes, their trajectories and differentiation on a worldwide scale. The second section which focuses on the methods and expertise of comparative agriculture, tackles the issues of landscape analysis, field surveys and the historical approach underlying comparative agriculture. It sums up the economic tools mobilised as well as the evaluation perspectives opened up by comparative agriculture.

What is family farming? How can it help meet the challenges confronting the world? How can it contribute to a sustainable and more equitable development? Not only is family farming the predominant form of agriculture around the world, especially so in developing countries, it is also the agriculture of the future. By declaring 2014 the “International Year of Family Farming,” the United Nations has placed this form of production at the center of debates on agricultural development. These debates are often reduced to two opposing positions. The first advocates the development of industrial or company agriculture, supposedly efficient because it follows industrial processes for market-oriented mass production. The second promotes the preservation of family farming with its close links between family and farm. The authors of this book wish to enrich the debates by helping overcome stereotypes – which often manifest through the use of terms such as “small-scale farming, subsistence farming, peasant, etc.” Research work has emphatically demonstrated the great adaptability of family farming systems and their ability to meet the major challenges of tomorrow but it has also not overlooked their limitations. The authors explore the choices facing society and possible development trajectories at national and international levels, and the contribution that agriculture will have to make. They call for a recommitment of public policies in favor of family farming in developing countries and stress the importance of planning actions targeted at and tailored to the family character of agricultural models. But, above all, they highlight the need to overcome strictly sectoral rationales, by placing family farming at the core of a broader economic and social project. This book is the result of a collaborative effort led by CIRAD and encapsulates three decades of research on family farming. It will interest researchers, teachers and students, and all those involved innational and international efforts for the development of countries in the South.

The proceedings of a congress concerning Open Communications, the basis for cost effective Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM), are presented. The congress was sponsored by the Commission of the European Communities, DG XIII (Telecommunications, Information Industries and Innovation), at Stuttgart's Annual Machine Tool Fair, 4-7 September 1990. The book provides an overview of international initiatives on implementing open communications in manufacturing/engineering environments, including available communication products on the market. Topics covered encompass industrial needs for open systems for manufacturing, pilot implementations in the USA, Japan and Europe, and introduction to MMS (Manufacturing Message Specification) and NMT (Network Management). Technological solutions that enable the implementation of real multi-vendor environments and allow the full integration from design to manufacture or from order to distribution are also explained. Furthermore, the book highlights the work done in the ESPRIT flagship project,'Communication Network for Manufacturing Applications'. During the project's lifetime several experimental and industrial pilot sites were commissioned and these are explained in detail. The book is unique in that it describes both the business strategy and the technological approach. It is aimed at decision makers and people that need to have an up-to-date technical understanding and awareness of future trends in manufacturing systems. Production Engineers, Systems Engineers, Technical Managers, Business Managers, EDP Staff, and Academics will find it useful.

Près de vingt ans après la Conférence des Nations Unies sur l'environnement et le développement (le Sommet de Rio), la nécessité d'atténuer la pauvreté et d'améliorer les conditions de vie grâce à un accès plus équitable aux ressources, à l'utilisation judicieuse de ces dernières et à des milieux ambiants plus sains est toujours aussi vive. Conscients que la santé humaine est intimement liée aux écosystèmes, les chercheurs tracent de nouvelles voies vers un avenir plus durable. Une approche écosystémique de la santé, alliant la recherche et la pratique dans des domaines aussi variés que la gestion de l'environnement, la santé publique, la biodiversité et le développement économique, se fonde sur la conviction que l'être humain fait partie intégrante de systèmes socio-écologiques complexes. En présentant des études de cas menées dans diverses régions du monde, La Recherche Écosanté en pratique rend compte de pratiques novatrices en agriculture, gestion des ressources naturelles, renforcement des collectivités et prévention des maladies témoignant des plus récents progrès en ce qui concerne la recherche, ses applications et l'élaboration de politiques dans le domaine. Le livre montre les rouages de la recherche en écosanté et illustre comment elle a produit des changements qui ont amélioré de manière durable les conditions de vie des populations et les écosystèmes les soutenant. Dominique F. Charron dirige le programme Écosystèmes et santé humaine (Écosanté) du CRDI, qui examine les liens entre l'environnement et la santé humaine dans les pays en développement. Elle possède un doctorat en épidémiologie et un doctorat en médecine vétérinaire de l'Université de Guelph. En plus d'être fort instructif, cet ouvrage est une source d'inspiration. Les chapitres d'ouverture, la description des projets de recherche et les chapitres de clôture qui analysent la portée et les défis de l'écosanté forment un tout qui prouve à quel point il s'agit d'un domaine dynamique et en évolution constante doté d'une mission claire et animé par une communauté de praticiens scientifique toujours plus large.Mario–Henry RodríguezDirecteur général, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Mexique

Die grenzüberschreitende Mobilität der Patienten wirft zahlreiche Rechts- und Wirtschaftsfragen auf. Es geht um die Vereinbarkeit der finanziellen Auswirkungen der von den Mitgliedstaaten getroffenen Maßnahmen zur Kosteneindämmung mit dem Recht des Unionsbürgers auf Freizügigkeit. Es geht auch um den Zugang zu Leistungen. Die Koordinierungs-Verordnungen und die Richtlinie 2011/24/EU über die Patientenrechte in der grenzüberschreitenden Gesundheitsversorgung, aber auch länderübergreifende Vereinbarungen sind dafür Grundlage. Rechtsnormen zum Datenschutz und zum Berufsgeheimnis, die bei grenzüberschreitender Mobilität auch den Leistungserbringern und Versicherern obliegen, sind ebenfalls zu berücksichtigen.Cross-border patient mobility raises numerous legal and economic issues. The financial impact of cost-containment measures taken by the Member States must be compatible with the right of EU citizens to free movement. Access to benefits and services must also be guaranteed. The coordination regulations and Directive 2011/24/EU on the application of patients'rights in cross-border healthcare, as well as transnational agreements, serve as the basis for these considerations. Furthermore, the legal norms regarding data protection and professional confidentiality must be taken into account, since in the context of cross-border mobility they also apply to service providers and insurers.La mobilité transfrontalière des patients dans l'Union européenne soulève de nombreuses interrogations économiques et juridiques. Il s'agit de concilier les conséquences financières des mesures prises par les Etats membres pour contenir les coûts des soins de santé avec le droit du citoyen européen de librement circuler dans l'Union européenne et d'accéder à ces prestations et services. Les règlements de coordination des systèmes de sécurité sociale, la directive 2011/24/UE relative à l'application des droits des patients enmatière de soins de santé transfrontaliers ainsi que des accords transfrontaliers constituent des réponses à ces enjeux. Mais ces normes suscitent de nombreuses interrogations de mise en œuvre, de conciliation avec les droits des patients tant dans la protection des données personnelles dans le cadre de la télémédecine que dans le respect du secret professionnel.

Sustainable agriculture is a rapidly growing field aiming at producing food and energy in a sustainable way for humans and their children. Sustainable agriculture is a discipline that addresses current issues such as climate change, increasing food and fuel prices, poor-nation starvation, rich-nation obesity, water pollution, soil erosion, fertility loss, pest control, and biodiversity depletion. Novel, environmentally-friendly solutions are proposed based on integrated knowledge from sciences as diverse as agronomy, soil science, molecular biology, chemistry, toxicology, ecology, economy, and social sciences. Indeed, sustainable agriculture decipher mechanisms of processes that occur from the molecular level to the farming system to the global level at time scales ranging from seconds to centuries. For that, scientists use the system approach that involves studying components and interactions of a whole system to address scientific, economic and social issues. In that respect, sustainable agriculture is not a classical, narrow science. Instead of solving problems using the classical painkiller approach that treats only negative impacts, sustainable agriculture treats problem sources. Because most actual society issues are now intertwined, global, and fast-developing, sustainable agriculture will bring solutions to build a safer world.

The core aim of this book is to determine how anthropology and demography can be used in conjunction in the field of population and development. The boundaries of demography are not as clearly defined or as stable as one might think, especially in view of the tension between a formal demography centered on the ‘core of procedures and references'and a more open form of demography, generally referred to as Population Studies.Many rapprochements, missed opportunities and isolated attempts marked the disciplinary history of anthropology and demography, both disciplines being founded on distinct and highly differentiated traditions and practices. Moreover, the role and the place assigned to epistemology differ significantly in ethnology and demography. Yet, anthropology and demography provide complementary models and research instruments and this book shows that neither discipline can afford to overlook their respective contributions.Based on research conducted in West Africa over more than twenty years, it is a defense of field demography that makes case for a continuum ranging from the initial conception of fieldwork and research to its effective implementation and to data analysis. Changes in behaviors relating to fertility, poverty or migration cannot be interpreted without invoking the cultural factor at some stage. Representations in their collective and individual dimensions also fit into the extended explanatory space of demography.

Showing how the method of sustainability assessment plays a key role in choosing the best agricultural productive mode, this book guides the reader through the process of selecting, from among the various approaches for building farming systems, the method of decision-making that will result in the most appropriate outcome, given the context. Case studies hail from polities as diverse as Portugal and Canada, Argentina and Lebanon. The work thus offers a valuable critical survey of the assessment methods that account for sustainability and economics, and which have developed considerably in the last two decades. The heterogeneous approaches covered here make this volume appropriate for consultation in a wide variety of social, political and geographical contexts.

This book arises from case studies and two back-to-back workshops held in Cotonou, Benin in November 2001. They were the combination of much experience and knowledge gathered in the West Africa region and were brought about to explore the concept of poverty, especially how it is a part of the life of fishing communities and our ways of thinking about resolving the issue. The workshops were conceived as a partnership between the UK Department for International Development (DFID), the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (F AO) and 25 countries of West Africa, working together through the Sustainable Fisheries Livelihood Programme (SFLP) to join forces with the Centre for the Economics and Management of Aquatic Resources (CEMARE). The SFLP, with its remit of poverty alleviation in West African artisanal fisheries communities through better governance and improved policies to involve communities in management of the resources on which their livelihoods depend, had quickly realised that it needed to define what and whom it was targeting. In this respect, the two large back-to-back workshops marked a milestone for the SFLP. Those participating in the workshop soon emphasised that we need to push forward our ideas from the previous simplistic'less than a dollar a day'type definitions to show that poverty is multi-faceted and a dynamic feature of human society.

Der dritte Band der Wörterbücher beschäftigt sich mit Produktionsprozessen und ihrer Steuerung und ist damit gleichermaßen für Ingenieure und Betriebswirte interessant. Beschrieben werden Begriffe aus der Produktionstechnik wie Werkzeugmaschinen, Maschinen- und Fertigungssysteme, Maschinenelemente und -eigenschaften sowie unterschiedliche Arbeitsplätze. Weitere Themen sind die Fertigungssteuerung mit Maschinenrüsten, Prozessmesstechnik und -überwachung, Informationssysteme, CAD/CAM und Betriebsdatenerfassung sowie Produktionsplanung und Arbeitsvorbereitung, Materialfluss und Logistik, Lagerung, Handhabungs- und Fördermaschinen, Kostenrechnung und Qualitätssicherung.

Seit etlichen Jahrzehnten bin ich mit der internationalen Ich bin über diese Entwicklung sehr glücklich, denn so Föderation der Landschaftsarchitekten innig verbunden. Als haben doch die damalige Zusammenarbeit und gemein­ freiberuflicher Landschaftsarchitekt wurde ich das erste samen Überlegungen über dieses dringend benötigte Wör­ Mal im Jahr 1962 nach Israel zum dortigen Kongress in terbuch Früchte getragen. Damals ging ich noch von der Haifa eingeladen, später folgten Japan und viele andere Vorstellung aus, dass das eigentlich in 4-5 Jahren erreicht Orte in vielen Ländern, die fiir einen internationalen werden könnte, aber da hier die Gelder fiir wissenschaft­ Kongress ausgewählt wurden. Seit 1966 vertrat ich als liche Kräfte fehlten, da sie von keiner Institution zur Ver­ Mitglied des Deutschen Bundes der Landschafts- und fUgung gestellt wurden, musste die freiwillige Arbeit Gartenarchitekten unsere Vereinigung bei den internatio­ Vorrang haben. Es war deshalb Idealismus verlangt und nalen Besprechungen, auf regionalen Ebenen und im diesen haben die Bearbeiter dieses Lexikons im Team Bereich der Welt. Etliche Jahre Vizepräsident der IFLA, aufgebracht. So ist es mir eine große Freude, diese einlei­ dann in den Jahren 1978-1982 Präsident, später als Past­ tenden Sätze zu schreiben und nochmals meinen Dank President immer aktiv fiir die Belange unseres W eltbundes, auszusprechen fiir den Arbeitswillen und die Energie aller konnte ich genügend Übersicht über Struktur, Ausbildung Mitwirkenden. und Arbeitsziele und -bereiche unseres Berufes gründlich kennen lernen.

This volume provides a selection of the most significant papers presented at the Fourth Conference on Fish Telemetry in Europe, in Trondheim, Norway, in 2001. Papers are focused on migratory patterns and habitat utilisation, social behaviour, physiological ecology, fisheries management, effects of human impact on fish populations, aquaculture and methodology, and new technology. This book is aimed at scientists and engineers actively involved in aquatic telemetry projects, aquatic biologists (marine and freshwater), fisheries biologists and managers.

The Col loque of our European Institute for social security to prepare the Conference in the Hague on the social security and the economic crisis was held from the 17th ti 11 the 19th of September in Toledo. Part II of the Yearbook 1980-1981 contains the reports presented in Toledo. The reports are focussed on the over­ a! 1 economic situation (Richard Draperie); the specific problems of Pensions (Bernd Schulte); the cost of medical care (Leo Crijns); unemployment insurance (Joachim Volz); the social minimum (Andre Laurent) and two special reports on the economic crisis and social security. Finally it contains my own synthesis report. Al 1 the participants had the opinion that the colloque created a fruitful 1 basis for a further in depth discussion in the Hague in 1982. The Institute once again wants to express its sincere gratitude to Antonio Chozas and his colleques for the excellent and adequate way in which they organised the colloque.

Stuttgart, 8.-12. Oktober 1990. Proceedings

The present text grew out of a number of lecture courses for advanced under­ graduate and new graduate students in nuclear physics. They were given at summer schools in Leuven, Melbourne, and at study weeks for Dutch grad­ uate students which aimed to emphasize fundamental and topical aspects of nuclear physics. On occasion, part of the present text was presented to stu­ dents from a much wider field than just nuclear physics and also within a number of general physics colloquia, where, in addition to nuclear physicists, physicists from many other fields were present. In this respect, the intention is to present, in an amply illustrated form, the key quest ions that arise in nuclear physics. At the same time we try to show why a better understanding of the atomic nucleus is not only important in itself, but also yields essential insights into the many connections to other fields of physics. We thus concen­ trate on the unifying themes rather than addressing in great detail particular subfields of nuclear physics. The present project does not aim to be another comprehensive textbook on nuclear physics: Many of the detailed technical arguments that enter into the picture are not developed here as they would be in a more standard textbook. Instead they are presented using analogies, quite often with simple pictures and arguments that try to convey the general line of thinking and working in nuclear physics.

The international perspective for this book is the unprecedented level of concern over deforestation, recognized by the meeting of world leaders at the 1992 Earth Summit, in Rio do Janeiro, and culminating in the appoint­ ment of the Intergovernmental Panel on Forests (IPF), under the auspices of the UN Commission on Sustainable Development. The wide range of issues covered by the authors in this volume reflects the breadth of the interna­ tional debate, from national policies and activist campaigning, through eco­ nomic and social objectives, to the sustainable management of forest and soil resources. Since the conservation campaigns of the 1980s, the focus of international concern has widened from tropical rain forests to all forest formations, in all regions, with increased recognition of global values and common responsibil­ ities. However, while forest cover in some temperate countries is increasing, irrational deforestation, at historically unprecedented levels of damage to biodiversity and to other environmental values, remains most acute in tropi­ cal countries, where the need to use the natural resources for sustainable development is greatest, and the capability weakest. While accepting the urgency of the situation, and the need for greater coherence of action at a global level, the 1997 report of the IPF to the UN Commission emphasized the powers and responsibilities of national governments, and the importance of National Forest Programmes, but with the fuller participation of local communities, and with enhanced access to international assistance.

The relationship between innovation, networks and localities is of central concern for many nations. However, despite increasing interest in the components of this research triangle, efforts in these fields are hampered by a lackofconceptual and empirical insights. This volume brings together contributions from a distinguished group of scholars working in different but related disciplines, and aims to provide a fresh look at this research triangle. The objective is to offer a concise overview of current developments and insights derived from recent studies in Europe and North America. All of the contributions are based on original research undertaken in the various regions and nations and are published here for the first time. We are grateful to all those who have contributed to this volume for their willingness to participate in the project. Without their co-operation this book would not have been possible. We should like, in addition, to thank Angela Spence for her careful linguistic editing and assistance in co-ordinating the production of the camera ready copy. Lastly, but not least, we wish to express our gratitude for support from our home institutions, and in particular the Austrian Academy of Sciences (Institute for Urban and Regional Research), the Austrian Ministry for Science and Transport, the Styrian Government (Section for Science and Research) and the Federation of Austrian Industry in Styria for the financial backing received. April 1999 Manfred M.

The basic objective of agricultural research at ICARDA is to enhance producer and consumer welfare through increasing the productivity, stability, and profitability of agriculture. Improved practices must be technically, economi­ cally, and socially suitable to farmer conditions. The rainfed areas of West Asia and North Africa have highly variable environmental conditions as well as complex social and economic structures. In recent years, the region has been experiencing major changes in the relative availabilities and costs of the classical factors of production: land, labor and capital. These changes have important implications for the design of new agricultural technology. On the one hand, the availability of labor may be an important factor determining the acceptability of new technology. On the other, it is important to consider the impact that technology can have on rural employment. To develop a better awareness ofthese issues and their relevance to technology development, ICARDA initiated a project on Agricultural Labor and Tech­ nological Change (ALTC). The first stage of the project was a review of existing information'on these issues; this review was published as a book under the title Labor and Rainfed Agriculture in West Asia and North Africa.

La mondialisation, l'ère de l'information et l'essor de l'économie du savoir transforment profondément les modalités d'acquisition, de diffusion et de transformation du savoir. Il s'ensuit que la production du savoir a graduellement davantage à voir avec la compétitivité économique et y est plus directement liée. Ce nouvel état de fait signifie également que les universités se sentent de plus en plus poussées à s'adapter aux besoins de la société et de l'économie, qui évoluent sans cesse. En particulier, des pressions croissantes s'exercent sur les établissements d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche des pays industrialisés pour qu'ils définissent et affirment leur nouveau rôle au sein du système national d'innovation. Les établissements des pays en développement, quant à eux, sont appelés à définir le rôle qu'ils joueront afin de soutenir les structures émergentes du système d'innovation. Ce livre examine le rôle des universités et des instituts de recherche nationaux dans le développement économique et social. En réunissant des textes rendant compte d'initiatives et d'innovations dans diverses régions du monde, notamment en Chine, en Europe de l'Est, en Amérique latine, en Scandinavie, en Asie du Sud-Est, en Afrique subsaharienne et en Europe de l'Ouest, l'ouvrage brosse un tableau qui est d'actualité et qui intéressera tant les responsables des politiques et les administrateurs d'universités que les leaders économiques et sociaux et les chercheurs. Bo Göransson et Claes Brundenius sont tous deux affiliés au Research Policy Institute de l'Université de Lund, en Suède. M. Göransson est professeur agrégé et coordonnateur du programme LEAP4D, et M. Brundenius est professeur honoraire.

Vol. IV of the dictionary deals with tasks of assembly in manufacturing, the methods and mechanisms of controlling them. Thus, the volume is interesting for both production engineers and managers. It covers pure technical terminology but also related subjects like organization and quality. Correspondingly, it also contains a broad range of terms and definitions. Band IV enthält Begriffe und Definitionen aus der Montagetechnik, zu den Methoden, zur Organisation und der Ablaufüberwachung. Der Band wendet sich an Spezialisten in der Montagetechnik wie auch im Management, die internationalen fachlichen Austausch benötigen. Neben den spezifischen Fachausdrücken wurden wichtige Definitionen aufgenommen. Neben den rein technischen Begriffen werden auch organisatorische Themen wie Qualität und Verfügbarkeit einbezogen. Le Volume IV traite des procédés d'assemblage, des méthodes et techniques qu'ils font intervenir. Ce Volume est d'intérêt tant pour les ingénieurs de production que les managers. Il couvre bien sûr les termes techniques mais également ceux reliés aux sujets connexes comme la gestion et la qualité. Son éventail de termes et définitions est plutôt large.

Manufacturers worldwide are faced with unprecedented challenges from international competition, changing production processes and technologies, shorter production life-cycles, market globalization and environmental requirements. Fundamental to meeting these challenges is the understanding and control of information across all stages of the Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) process. Modern Manufacturing presents the state of the art in the information-oriented aspects of CIM and Intelligent Manufacturing Systems. Particular emphasis is placed on the impact of new software engineering technologies, the object-oriented approach, database design, hierarchical control and intelligent systems. The contributions are written by experts from Europe and the USA.

L'intégration régionale comme premier pas vers l'accès au marché mondial? Dans un contexte où la libéralisation du commerce n'a pas entraîné les gains escomptés par les pays sous-développés et où la croissance du commerce mondial ne s'est pas accompagnée d'une croissance économique équivalente, une solution alternative a émergée. Un nouveau paradigme a fait valoir que la libéralisation des échanges devait s'accompagner d'investissements publics. Cela dit, la nature même de la libéralisation du commerce entraîne une diminution des ressources nécessaires aux investissements publics. Sur la base d'arguments solides, les pays sous-développés sont donc actuellement encouragés à mettre d'abord l'accent sur l'intégration régionale avant de rechercher l'accès au marché mondial. Cet ouvrage, qui aborde les questions liées à l'intégration régionale en Afrique de l'ouest, présente des données empiriques sur les efforts entrepris par les pays de l'Union économique et monétaire ouest-africaine (UEMOA) pour la convergence de leurs économies. Il examine également comment ces efforts, qui représentent un élément important pour l'intégration régionale, influent sur la réduction de la pauvreté dans les pays de l'UEMOA. Il intéressera par conséquent tous les chercheurs qui travaillent sur ce thème.