Search

This book aims to collect research findings and provide insightful recommendations on various aspects of female epilepsy patients of childbearing age. This book discusses multidisciplinary effort of brain science, reproductive medicine, endocrinology, drug metabolism, genetics, maternal and infant medicine, etc. This book is written by a multidisciplinary team of researchers who had a passion for improving the quality of life of women with epilepsy, to demonstrate the latest scientific discoveries and precise management strategies for women with epilepsy in child-bearing age.

This book comprehensively reviews the recent advancements in apoptosis research and evaluates its therapeutic targets and strategies in controlling various human diseases. The initial chapter presents the molecular components that regulate apoptosis and its importance for pathogenic processes. The subsequent chapters discuss the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways involved in apoptosis induction and inhibition. The book also examines the role of mitochondria-driven apoptosis and therapeutic strategies for targeting mitochondria-mediated cell death. Further, the book discusses the role of apoptosis in different diseases, including neurodegeneration, cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, parasitic infections, autoimmune diseases, reproductive disorders, and infertility. Towards the end, the book outlines the recent advances in the field of apoptosis-based therapies and explores some highlights of a very active field of drug development. This book is useful for the researchers involved in designing and developing new drugs and drug targets for the treatment of different human diseases.

This book tackles the question of why the brain is so difficult to fully understand. In neuroscience, data are acquired and analyzed with astonishing techniques and accumulate rapidly. Nevertheless, try to explain how a person can think or why there is such a condition as schizophrenia, and it appears that we really know little. To approach these difficulties, the authors first present a number of case studies in which the operation of a neural circuit is worked out in some detail and, at the same time, the functional significance of the operation is also understood. These examples are complicated in their biologic specifics but are conceptually straightforward. The examples are hoped to provoke an appreciation for what neuroscience can accomplish. The authors then develop some thoughts on how these issues can be addressed----instead of considering cognition in general, taking instead a subset of cognition that does lend itself to formal description.

This collection of epilepsy surgical cases illustrates patients with straightforward and challenging pharmacoresistant epilepsy. These cases convey the advancements, investigative strategies, past and modern surgical tools, and sophisticated state-of-the-art of epilepsy surgery and its disciplines. This textbook is organized into four major sections that parallel the contemporary FDA-approved and clinically applicable approaches: resective surgery, disconnection procedures, laser therapy, and neuromodulation. The chapters provide a case-based, interactive, and multidisciplinary integrative approach to pre-operative evaluation, data analysis, and surgical decision-making. In addition, we present alternative approaches to certain diagnostic tools, decision-making strategies, and surgical interventions.This textbook will provide trainees and clinicians with an exhaustive understanding of epilepsy surgery. Moreover, it will be an invaluable resource for preparation for the epilepsy board examination

Pflanzenbasierte Ernährungsformen erfreuen sich immer größerer Beliebtheit. Das bedeutet, dass auch in der ärztlichen Praxis jede zehnte Person zumindest schon einmal mit dem Gedanken von Veganismus gespielt hat oder eine vegetarisch/vegane Lebensweise praktiziert. Dieses Kompendium rund um eine pflanzenbasierte Kost dient als strukturierter Leitfaden zur Beratung von vegan bzw. vegetarisch lebenden Personen im ärztlichen Setting. Es stellt evidenzbasierte Informationen rund um die Vorteile einer pflanzenbasierten Kost bereit. Neben der Auflistung aussagekräftiger Laborparameter zur Abschätzung der Versorgung potentiell kritischer Nährstoffe werden auch ausgewählte ernährungsassoziierte Erkrankungen beleuchtet. Eine abwechslungsreiche, vollwertige pflanzliche Kost weist großes, bislang zu selten genutztes Potential sowohl in Prävention als auch in Therapie von einigen chronischen Erkrankungen auf, wie z.B. Adipositas, Bluthochdruck und Diabetes mellitus Typ II. Das praktische Buch richtet sich an Ärzt:innen, Angehörige anderer Gesundheitsberufe sowie an interessierte Leser:innen, die ihr Wissen über vegane Ernährung vertiefen möchten.

There is a very large body of literature on Necrotising Enterocolitis (NEC), much of it is confusing and contradictory. This book consolidates all the relevant aspects to provide clinicians and especially trainees with an overview of this condition which informs clinical practice and aids critical appraisal of new research in this area. The topic of NEC is often a single chapter in a paediatric surgical or neonatology text. This book is an invaluable guide for anyone caring for neonates.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 32nd International Conference on Case-Based Reasoning Research and Development, ICCBR 2024, held in Merida, Mexico, during July 1–4, 2024. The 29 full papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 91 submissions. They cover a wide range of CBR topics of interest both to practitioners and researchers, including: improvements to the CBR methodology itself: case representation, similarity, retrieval, adaptation, etc.; synergies with other Artificial Intelligence topics, such as Explainable AI and Large Language Models; and finally a whole catalog of applications to different domains such as health-care, education, and legislation.

This book highlights cutting-edge research in the field of network science, offering scientists, researchers, students and practitioners a unique update on the latest advances in theory and a multitude of applications. It presents the peer-reviewed proceedings of the XII International Conference on Complex Networks and their Applications (COMPLEX NETWORKS 2023). The carefully selected papers cover a wide range of theoretical topics such as network embedding and network geometry; community structure, network dynamics; diffusion, epidemics and spreading processes; machine learning and graph neural networks as well as all the main network applications, including social and political networks; networks in finance and economics; biological networks and technological networks.

This atlas is the first fully visual reference to cover psychiatry broadly, appealing to psychiatric as well as non-psychiatric clinicians and trainees who need an easy-to-use visual resource with holistic approach to patient care. Written by expert clinicians and educators, this text describes basic clinical and scholarly information across the field utilizing an easy-to-understand format. The rich figures and tables describe etiology, pathophysiology, phenomenology, and treatment even in areas that are difficult to illustrate, including substance-related disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, personality disorders, and others. The visual approach proves valuable to some of the most innovative techniques in psychiatry, including implications for neuroimaging. Comprehensive and unique, Atlas of Psychiatry is a landmark reference for all medical practitioners looking for an intricate yet accessible visual resource.

This Handbook serves as an authoritative reference book in the field of Neuroengineering. Neuroengineering is a very exciting field that is rapidly getting established as core subject matter for research and education. The Neuroengineering field has also produced an impressive array of industry products and clinical applications. It also serves as a reference book for graduate students, research scholars and teachers. Selected sections or a compendium of chapters may be used as “reference book” for a one or two semester graduate course in Biomedical Engineering. Some academicians will construct a “textbook” out of selected sections or chapters. The Handbook is also meant as a state-of-the-art volume for researchers. Due to its comprehensive coverage, researchers in one field covered by a certain section of the Handbook would find other sections valuable sources of cross-reference for information and fertilization of interdisciplinary ideas. Industry researchers as well as clinicians using neurotechnologies will find the Handbook a single source for foundation and state-of-the-art applications in the field of Neuroengineering. Regulatory agencies, entrepreneurs, investors and legal experts can use the Handbook as a reference for their professional work as well.​

Dieses Buch beleuchtet Aspekte neuroinflammatorischer Erkrankungen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen sowie das Gebiet der Neuroinfektionen in der Pädiatrie. Verfasst von Experten aus führenden Universitätskliniken und Gesundheitszentren sowohl in den Industrieländern als auch in den Entwicklungsländern, verfolgt das praxisorientierte Werk einen problemorientierten Ansatz zu diesen speziellen Erkrankungen des Nervensystems im Kindesalter. Das Buch wurde aus dem Englischen mithilfe von Künstlicher Intelligenz unter Verwendung der DeepL-Software übersetzt. Die Kapitel sind ursprünglich im Werk Clinical Child Neurology erschienen, das von Mustafa A.M. Salih im Springer-Verlag herausgegeben wurde..

This book focuses on natural products, in particular medicinal plants and their derived products, as an indispensable source of bioactive molecules that serve as either drug candidates or lead compounds for drug design and discovery. There are several advantages for plant-derived therapeutics, including wide availability, diverse pharmacological actions, and a generally good profile of safety and tolerability. Over the recent years, there have been numerous reports from clinical studies testifying the efficacy and safety of medicinal plants and phytochemicals in treating human diseases. A plethora of basic studies has also unraveled molecular mechanisms underlying the health benefits of herbal medicines. Nevertheless, issues such as identification of bioactive ingredients, standardization of the products, and drug interactions remain to be systematically documented. Bioprospecting of Tropical Medicinal Plants represents a comprehensive analysis of natural products, mainly medicinal plants and phytochemicals. It includes detailed medicinal properties and pharmacological action from in vitro models to clinical trials. The goal is to present the readers a carefully curated collection of plant-derived natural products and their underlying molecular mechanisms.

Understanding the causes of anemia is critical to inform appropriate strategies to prevent and treat anemia, particularly to reduce the risk of anemia and the burden of disease. The strength of this book lies in its cross-disciplinary nature. This publication summarizes the current state of evidence on the multifactorial causes of anemia, with a specific focus on nutritional anemia. The chapter authors are leading experts in nutrition and global health. The introductory chapters provide an overview of the global burden of anemia prevalence, the economic implications and functional consequences of anemia, and the significance of these factors to guide policy and programs. Subsequent chapters provide current evidence on iron and other micronutrient metabolism and homeostasis in regards to anemia, the multifactorial contributors to anemia (e.g. infection and genetics), and the interactions between nutrients that may contribute to anemia. The summarizing chapters detail program and policy approaches to treat, prevent and reduce anemia in the global context. Nutritional Anemia is a comprehensive resource for those involved in global health and nutrition policy, strategy, programming, or research, and serves as a guide for how government, NGO, and international agencies can effectively treat, prevent and reduce anemia globally.

Dieses Buch unterstützt alle Fachärzte, die Elektroenzephalographie klinisch anwenden: Es hilft dabei, klinisch brauchbare Kurven zu gewinnen und die vielfältigen EEG-Befunde zu interpretieren, aber auch dabei Fehler zu vermeiden.Die Autoren verdeutlichen die physiologischen und pathophysiologischen Grundlagen der Elektroenzephalographie und machen die Technologie behutsam verständlich: Besprochen werden die EEG-Potentiale in ihrer Normalität und in den verschiedenen Formen pathologischer EEG-Veränderungen.Das Buch wurde für die 4. Auflage grundlegend überarbeitet und aktualisiert, u.a. zu den epileptischen Erregungssteigerungen und prächirurgische Ableitungen sowie zu Medikamenteneffekten und zur Diagnostik des irreversiblen Hirnfunktionsausfalls. Neue Kapitel betreffen das Neuromonitoring auf der Intensivstation (cEEG) sowie das EEG-Mapping.

This third edition brings together the latest in research and clinical practice of the expanding field of pediatric neurogastroenterology. In addition to a comprehensive review of the current state of the art, many chapters have been significant revised and updated, covering the latest discoveries of the delicate and detailed mechanisms of the neuroenteric system as well as relationships of the latter with microbiota and metabolites produced by resident intestinal bacteria. The book also covers rapidly-changing techniques to assess clinical problems, along with international diagnostic criteria and recommendations and guidelines for clinical management. The content is supported by ample figures, photographs and selected video segments.Remaining the gold standard text in this up-and-coming field, Pediatric Neurogastroenterology 3e is dedicated to reporting the most accurate and recent knowledge available. Written by international experts in the field, the bookis a comprehensive and up-to-date theoretical review and practical guide to pediatric gastrointestinal motility and functional disorders to pediatricians, pediatric gastroenterologists and all professionals involved in the treatment of children with such disorders.

This reference provides detailed coverage of dendritic spines, the fascinating neuronal components that modulate synaptic transmission, development, strength, and plasticity and are involved in the function of multiple areas of the nervous system. The density, shape, and function of spines may indicate the cellular connectivity and synaptic plasticity in normal and pathological conditions. This field has undergone dramatic advances in terms of techniques and experimental findings from in vitro to in vivo data, from animal models to human neurons, and computational models using artificial intelligence. To address these cutting-edge findings, the book provides state-of-the-art, comprehensive coverage with chapters written by the leading international researchers in the field. The authors consider the multiple implications for the study of dendritic spines with broad implications in the neurosciences and related areas.

This new edition of Pharmacoresistance in Epilepsy addresses all issues relating to drug-resistance in epilepsy, including studies in patients as well in experimental models and presents the basis for an understanding of recent developments in the pathogenesis and treatment of this condition. Important issues associated with drug-resistant epilepsy are reviewed and updated, such as abnormalities in inhibitory mechanisms, neurotoxicity and changes the immune system associated with this disorder, and the development of drug-resistance as consequence of chronic exposure to antiseizure-medications. Considering that a major obstacle is that epilepsy associated with drug-resistance cannot be controlled with the traditional antiseizure medications, specific chapters describe therapeutic strategies to prevent or reduce the progression of the disease with complementary medical therapies, such as transcranial focal stimulation to promote neuroprotection. Pharmacoresistance in Epilepsy is a valuable resource for anyone working in the field, whether studying epilepsy in the lab or treating it in an office.

This book presents a comprehensive collection of current knowledge and leading research about the blood-brain barrier. The chapters are organized in four main parts providing basic information and novel insights about the physiology of the blood-brain barrier, the challenges related to finding and developing drugs crossing the blood-brain barrier, experimental methods to study the blood-brain barrier and the role of the blood-brain barrier in disease mechanisms and its consequences for drug development. In the first part the readers will discover the structure, function and developmental aspects of the blood-brain barrier and gain novel insights into the complexity and functionality of the neurovascular unit and energy metabolism of brain endothelial cells. Chapters of the second part focus on translational challenges from the bench to the bedside in CNS drug development, shed light on the importance to understand the brain distribution of drugs related to their efficacy, elaborate on general pharmacokinetic considerations for CNS drugs and introduce current and novel drug delivery strategies to overcome the blood-brain barrier. The experimental part of the book covers mathematical and in vitro models as well as animal and human methods in blood-brain barrier research. Specific emphasis is set on the description of the methods, the role of species differences for data interpretation, novel human models based on stem cells with the potential for personalized medicine and technical considerations and tips helpful for readers interested in working with these models. In the fourth part particular attentions is given to the blood-brain barrier, its changes and participation during disease progression. Chapters summarize alterations of the blood-brain barrier that are present in common disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, stroke, traumatic brain injury, epilepsy and brain tumors. Present therapies will be discussed and the consequences for novel treatment approaches that need to bypass the blood-brain-barrier will be explored. In addition, experts discuss the question in how far changes at the blood-brain barrier are causally linked to disease progressions and consequently could serve as therapeutic targets. This collection is designed to appeal to a wide readership from students through basic and applied scientist to pharmacologists, medical doctors and stakeholders from the pharmaceutical industry and regulatory affairs. Due its comprehensive content the book has the potential to become a standard work in the field of blood-brain barrier research.

This sixth edition provides an overview of fetal and neonatal pathology through a system-based approach. This book contains new chapters on immunology, with a continued focus on molecular aspects of pathology in the perinatal setting. The general principles of perinatal pathology and their clinical situations are also discussed, along with specific pathological entities and their organ systems. Keeling's Fetal and Neonatal Pathology, sixth edition aims to help the reader treat common problems through anatomical pathology findings and is relevant to practicing and trainee pathologists, obstetricians, maternal and fetal medicine specialists, neonatologists, and pediatricians.

This book presents the latest evidence-based guidelines for perinatal management and is designed to help obstetricians and neonatologists minimize complications and offer patients the best possible care. Since 1960, there has been a significant increase in basic and clinical investigations on normal and pathological pregnancy in the developed world. This has provided insights into the physiopathology of pregnant women, fetuses and newborns and led to the development of new technologies, bringing about a new medical subspecialty: perinatal medicine. The book is divided into eight main sections: The first examines basic periconceptional care and discusses the ethical aspects of perinatology. The next section focuses on prenatal considerations, such as the nutritional aspects of gestation and puerperium, physical exercise during pregnancy, routine laboratory tests, prenatal care of multiple gestations and the role of the neonatologist in prenatal care. The third and fourthsections then explore fetal evaluation, and clinical intercurrences in pregnancy, respectively. The next section addresses pregnancy complications: prevention, diagnosis and management. The sixth section covers the basic aspects of congenital infections and the seventh examines labor and delivery aspects. Lastly, the final section includes chapters on neonatal assistance. Written by leading experts in obstetrics, neonatology, and perinatology, this thoroughly updated, comprehensive resource reflects the latest information in all areas, including genetics and imaging.

This book provides a reference guide describing the current status of medication in all major psychiatric and neurological indications, together with comparisons of pharmacological treatment strategies in clinical settings in Europe, USA, Japan and China. In addition, it highlights herbal medicine as used in China and Japan, as well as complementary medicine and nutritional aspects. This novel approach offers international readers a global approach in a single dedicated publication and is also a valuable resource for anyone interested in comparing treatments for psychiatric disorders in three different cultural areas. There are three volumes devoted to Basic Principles and General Aspects, offering a general overview of psychopharmacotherapy (Vol. 1); Classes, Drugs and Special Aspects covering the role of psychotropic drugs in the field of psychiatry and neurology (Vol. 2) and Applied Psychopharmacotherapy focusing on applied psychopharmacotherapy (Vol. 3). These books are invaluable to psychiatrists, neurologists, neuroscientists, medical practitioners and clinical psychologists.

This book explores connections between music, neural activations and brain plasticity, in order to better understand its associated psychological and physiological effects. The final goal is to focus on the positive effects of music to treat neurological disorders, establishing a new co-ordination between different brain areas to improve both mental illness and wellbeing. A secondary goal is to analyse the role of music at a psycho-sociological level, to understand both the transformation of music into a cultural model and the vision of music as an innate instinct.Music is able to create both emotions and volitional processes. The application of new neuroimaging techniques allows us to explore and evaluate with accuracy what happens in our brain during the creative and artistic performance. A wide range of brain regions are recruited for creative tasks, and music has the opportunity to help in enhance and reset some brain pathological disturbances being also able to ameliorate and restore some rhythmic body activities such as sleep, movement and co-ordination. The book represents a valuable and innovative tool both for neurologists as well as healthcare professionals involved in the management of neurological disorders.

The annual Computational Neuroscience Meeting (CNS) began in 1990 as a small workshop called Analysis and Modeling of Neural Systems. The goal of the workshop was to explore the boundary between neuroscience and computation. Riding on the success of several seminal papers, physicists had made'Neural Networks'fashionable, and soon the quantitative methods used in these abstract model networks started permeating the methods and ideas of experimental neuroscientists. Although experimental neurophysiological approaches provided many advances, it became increasingly evident that mathematical and computational techniques would be required to achieve a comprehensive and quantitative understanding of neural system function. “Computational Neuroscience” emerged to complement experimental neurophysiology. The Encyclopedia of Computational Neuroscience, published in conjunction with the Organization for Computational Neuroscience, will be an extensive reference work consultable by both researchers and graduate level students. It will be a dynamic, living reference, updatable and containing linkouts and multimedia content whenever relevant.

This book reviews the role of glial cells (astrocytes, microglia, oligodendroglia, satellite cells, and Schwann cells) in neuronal health and diseases. It discusses the latest advances in understanding their origin, differentiation, and hemostasis. The book also examines the role of microglial cells in central nervous system (CNS) development, maintenance, and synaptic plasticity. Further, the book presents the functions of astrocytes in healthy CNS and their critical role in CNS disorders, including Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. Notably, the book describes the pathobiology, molecular pathogenesis, stem cells, and imaging characteristics of gliomas. It defines the role of glial cells in regulating iron homeostasis and their effect on the neurodegeneration of neurons. Lastly, it covers the structure, function, and pathology of oligodendrocytes and their role in neuronal health and disease. ​

This book explores the molecular mechanisms of iron hemostasis in the brain and discusses the cognitive and behavioral implications of iron deficiency. It presents the effect of iron dysregulation on neurophysiological mechanisms. The book provides an overview of iron metabolism and homeostasis at the cellular level and its regulation at the mRNA translation level. It emphasizes the importance of iron for brain development in fetal and early life in preterm infants. Further, it presents iron metabolism as a therapeutic target for novel pharmacological treatment against neurodevelopmental diseases and neurodegenerative disorders. It discusses the role of iron deficiency in sleep disorders and offers diagnosis and treatment of iron-related CNS diseases. Finally, it relates dysregulated expression of iron-related genes in brain tumors. ​​

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third Latin American Workshop, LAWCN 2021, held in Sao Luis do Maranhao, Brazil, during December 8–10, 2021.The 13 full papers and 3 short papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 27 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: Interdisciplinary applications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML); AI and ML applied to robotics; AI and ML applied to biomedical sciences; Health issues and computational neuroscience; Software and hardware implementations in neuroscience; and Neuroengineering – science and technology.

Many people living with epilepsy also suffer from debilitating psychiatric and cognitive disorders. While these comorbidities have been recognized for centuries, their causation, and relationship to the epilepsy remains clouded in mystery. This volume highlights recent knowledge and findings as well as controversies in our current understanding of behavioral and psychiatric comorbidities of epilepsy.

This book provides the most up-to-date and comprehensive source of information on all aspects of EEG-fMRI, a neuroimaging technique for synchronous acquisition of electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data. The reader will find in-depth information on the physiological principles of the EEG and fMRI signals, practical aspects of data measurement, artifact reduction, data analysis, and applications. All the main areas of the technique's application are the subject of one or multiple chapters: sleep research, cognitive neuroscience, and clinical neurology and psychiatry. In addition to providing a thorough update, this second edition offers five entirely new chapters covering important areas of research that have emerged during the past 5 years, including noninvasive brain stimulation during fMRI, resting-state functional connectivity, real-time fMRI, and neurofeedback. Written by the most prestigious experts in the field, the text is enhanced by numerous high-quality illustrations. This book will be valuable for neuroradiologists, neuroscientists, physicists, engineers, electrophysiologists, (neuro) medical scientists, neurologists, and neurophysiologists.Chapter 30 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

This volume addresses various issues related to micronutrient deficiency, especially zinc, and discusses the possible approaches for combating mineral deficiency among humans and plants. The book mainly focuses on the zinc biofortification of vegetable and cereal crops and highlights the consequences of zinc deficiency and the health risks associated with zinc deficiency, especially in children and expecting mothers. The authors discuss different types of food that are rich in zinc and other minerals, how diets can be designed to meet the daily zinc requirements, and the impact of zinc deficiency on plant health and quality of agricultural products and the role of micronutrients in abiotic stress tolerance. The book also covers sustainable approaches to zinc biofortification in crops, such as the microbial solubilization of zinc in soil to improve zinc uptake by plants, and the formulation of these microbes into biofertilizers. The book will be of interest to dieticians, agricultural scientists, students and microbiologists.

This book covers the tremendous progress in the current understanding of the molecular physiology of voltage-gated calcium channels. This book includes unparalleled insights into structural features of calcium channels due to X-ray crystallography and cryo-EM, which in turn yielded critical information into how these channels function under normal and pathophysiological conditions, and how they interact with calcium channel therapeutics. The chapters investigate how, with the advent of high throughput genome sequencing, numerous mutations in various calcium channel genes have been identified in patients with neurological, cardiovascular, neuropsychiatric and other disorders. This is further complemented through a much larger in vivo toolkit such as knock-out and knock-in mice. The chapters further discuss the increased complexity of calcium channel physiology that arises from mRNA editing and splicing. Finally, the book also provides an overview of the updated research on calciumchannel inhibitors that can be used both in vivo and in vitro, and which may serve as a spring board for new calcium channel therapeutics for human disease. Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels is useful for academic researchers at all levels in neuroscience, biophysics, cell biology and drug discovery.

This textbook helps nurses, physician assistants, medical students and residents to order appropriate tests and understand how to interpret them to improve their diagnostic reasoning. Children are not like adults, and interpreting of the results of their diagnostic laboratory tests requires knowledge of the biochemical and metabolic differences. Using a combination of information, questions and case studies, the book allows readers to gain an understanding of the key concepts of sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values, as well as the indications for diagnostic lab tests. This textbook presents the state of art in testing across body systems and guidance on how to order and interpret diagnostic laboratory tests in pediatric patients. Each chapter includes learning objectives, tables and figures, as well as questions and references for further learning. This textbook provides an update for clinicians and is a valuable learning tool for students and new clinicians..