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This book examines sustainability issues of 15 deltas in the world. Each delta is described in five sections: physical setting, socioeconomic characteristics, current issues, management measures and perspective for future pathways to greater sustainability. These deltas, diverse in their geographical and economic conditions, are all confronted with natural hazards and pollution issues, posing threats to ecological health, human security and economic development. The book offers an overview of delta challenges in an integrated natural and social science approach. It is intended for researchers, graduate students and the public, especially those dwelling in deltas. It aims to improve knowledge of the current situation and to enhance awareness of the urgency of collective action to prepare for the uncertain future of these deltas. Possible future pathways towards delta sustainability are also addressed in the book.

This book explains how to improve the validity, reliability, and repeatability of slip resistance assessments amongst a range of shoes, floors, and environments from an engineering metrology viewpoint—covering theoretical and experimental aspects of slip resistance mechanics and mechanisms.Pedestrian falls resulting from slips or falls are one of the foremost causes of fatal and non-fatal injuries that limit people's functionality. There have been prolonged efforts globally to identify and understand their main causes and reduce their frequency and severity.This book deals with large volumes of information on tribological characteristics such as friction and wear behaviours of the shoes and floors and their interactive impacts on slip resistance performances. Readers are introduced to theoretical concepts and models and collected evidence on slip resistance properties amongst a range of shoe and floor types and materials under various ambulatory settings. These approaches can be used to develop secure design strategies against fall incidents and provide a great step forward to build safer shoes, floors, and walking/working environments for industries and communities around the world.The book includes many case studies.

This book discusses the importance of culture and diversity within society through multicultural, cross-cultural, and intercultural encounters while applying psychological effectiveness to manage core competencies. It carefully explains how influential the social environment is to an individual within a society. It seeks to directly affect mental health practitioners'treatment within practices in accordance to specific ethno-cultural clients; and it seeks to encourage students and practitioners to practice acceptance of diverse groups and multiracial communities. Although understanding various cultural norms and accepting diversity is not always simple, the book promotes a global understanding through identifying cultural benefits within a multiracial, multi-ethnic society, while evoking culturally competent techniques for mental health practitioners.

This handbook addresses the current state and practice of school psychology with a focus on standards unique to Australia, including historical, legal, ethical, practical, and training factors. It provides a compilation of the most current research-based practices as well as guidelines for evidence-based assessment and intervention for common conditions (e.g., autism, depression, learning disabilities) and for delivering appropriate services to targeted student populations (e.g., LGBT, gifted, medical issues). Chapters discuss the application of national and international school psychology practices within the Australian educational and psychological structure. The handbook also examines the lack of formal resources specific to Australia's culture and psychology systems, with its unique mix of metropolitan cities and the vast geographic landscape that spans regional and remote areas. It offers numerous case studies and innovative school mental health programs as well as recommendations for professional development and advocacy that are unique to Australian school psychology. Topics featured in this Handbook include:Evidence-based assessment and intervention for dyscalculia and mathematical disabilities.Identification and management of adolescent risk-taking behaviors and addictions. Understanding and responding to crisis and trauma in the school setting.Prevention and intervention for bullying in schools.Class and school-wide approaches to addressing behavioral and academic needs. The role of school psychologists in the digital age.Practical advice for school psychologists facing complex ethical dilemmas.The Handbook of Australian School Psychology is a must-have resource for researchers, scientist-practitioners, and graduate students in child and school psychology, social work, and relatedfields that address mental health services for children and adolescents.

This book critically explores the use of nine recognized methodologies for the mediation of professional learning in the context of teacher education: The story, the visual text, the case, the video, the simulation, the portfolio, lesson study, action research, and Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). Drawing on theories of mediation and professional learning, the book establishes connections between theoretical, empirical and practical-based aspects of each of these methodologies. It consolidates a body of knowledge that offers a holistic portrayal of these methodologies in terms of their purposes (what for), processes (how), and outcomes (what), both distinctively and inclusively. Each chapter offers four perspectives on each methodology (1) theoretical groundings of the genre (2) research-based evidence on methodologies-as-pedagogies for mediating teacher learning (3) mediation tasks for teacher education as reported in studies and (4) a synthesis of recurrent themes identified from selected books and articles, including a comprehensive list of publications organized by decades. The last chapter presents an integrative framework that conceptualizes connections and weak links across the different methodologies of mediation.

Ours is an era of increasing tension, both global and local. And not surprisingly, PTSD is recognized not only in combat veterans and active military personnel, but also disaster and assault survivors across the demographic spectrum. As current events from mass shootings to the debate over trigger warnings keep the issue in the public eye, the disorder remains a steady concern among researchers and practitioners.Future Directions in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder presents findings and ideas with the potential to influence both our conceptualization of the condition and the techniques used to address it. A multidisciplinary panel of experts offers new analyses of risk and resilience factors, individual and group approaches to prevention, the evolving process of diagnosis, and effective treatment and delivery. Chapters on treatment allow readers to compare widely-used prolonged exposure and VR methods with innovative applications of cognitive processing therapy and interpersonal therapy. And an especially compelling contribution surveys empirically-based programs relating to what for many is the emblematic trauma of our time, the events of September 11, 2001. Included in the coverage: Predictors of vulnerability to PTSD: neurobiological and genetic risk factors.Early intervention: is prevention better than cure?The functional neuroanatomy of PTSD.The development of evidence-based treatment for PTSD.Enhancing exposure therapy using D-Cycloserine (DCS).PLUS: a case example as seen through five therapeutic perspectives. While millions experience trauma, relatively few develop chronic PTSD. Future Directions in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder is a practical and proactive reference for the health and clinical psychologists, sociologists, psychiatrists, and primary care physicians dedicated to further decreasing those numbers.

The 4th edition of the Handbook of Research on Educational Communications and Technology expands upon the previous 3 versions, providing a comprehensive update on research pertaining to new and emerging educational technologies. Chapters that are no longer pertinent have been eliminated in this edition, with most chapters being completely rewritten, expanded, and updated Additionally, new chapters pertaining to research methodologies in educational technology have been added due to expressed reader interest. Each chapter now contains an extensive literature review, documenting and explaining the most recent, outstanding research, including major findings and methodologies employed. The Handbook authors continue to be international leaders in their respective fields; the list is cross disciplinary by design and great effort was taken to invite authors outside of the traditional instructional design and technology community.

Highlighting the interplay between basic research and intervention, this volume focuses on common stressful life experiences that present significant challenges to children's healthy development. Fifteen stressors are discussed with regard to both short-and long-term effects. The authors identify factors that explain variability in children's adjustment to these stressors and evaluate preventive interventions designed to facilitate coping. Notable chapters include a discussion of the many uncontrollable stressors to which inner-city youth are exposed and a thorough treatment of children's adaptation to divorce. Each chapter follows a common outline, allowing comparison among stressors.

Plant pathology embraces all aspects of biological and scientific activity which are concerned with understanding the complex phenomena of diseases in plants. Physiological plant pathology represents those specialities within plant pathology which focus on the physiological and biochemical activities of pathogens and on the response of host plant tissues. Today there is an increasing recognition on the part of the scientific agri­ cultural community that only through a deeper and more fundamental under­ standing of all the interacting components of the agricultural biota can we expect to improve our capabilities of feeding an expanding world population. It is in this context that physiological plant pathology has assumed new significance within the broader field of plant pathology. No longer are studies on the biochemistry and physiology of pathogens and pathogenesis merely isolated academic exercises; rather, a substantial coherent body of knowledge is accumulating upon which our understanding of the process of disease developmen t and host resistance is being founded. It is from these foundations of knowledge that ultimately new insights into the control of plant diseases may be expected to grow. It seems appropriate, therefore, that at regular intervals those involved in the various subspecialities encompassing the broadest aspects of physiological plant pathology reassess the contributions within the particular specialities in the light of new knowledge and technologies for the purpose of articulating new and productive directions for the future.

School-Based Multisystemic Interventions for Mass Trauma presents the theoretical foundations of school-based crisis intervention, which is a systemic approach to helping the school system in an emergency. The book offers a theory- and research-based framework to address the numerous and varied needs of student, parents, educational staff, school administration, and the mental health professionals themselves. The sections include the following: A systematic review of the theory and findings relevant to mass disasters, their impact on children, and postdisaster stress processing and positive coping; A conceptual basis for schoolwide preventive interventions; and, A comprehensive multisystemic intervention plan involving school children, school personnel, and community agencies. School-Based Multisystemic Interventions for Mass Trauma is a valuable resource for school psychologists, school mental health workers, clinical child psychologists, school counsellors, as well as for educators and school administrators.

At the end of the last century and the beginning of this century, the prob­ lems of immunity in lower vertebrates and the influence of environmental temperature attracted attention for the first time (ERNST, 1890; WIDAL and SICARD, 1897; METCHNIKOFF, 1901). However, relatively little work has been done on this subject until recently. The early investigators were chiefly in­ terested in the immuno-pathological problems. They immunized various species of lower vertebrates essentially with bacterial vaccines; agglutinating, neutralizing and protective antibodies were detected in their blood. The in­ fluence of environmental temperature on the immune response was investigated, since this subject represented great economical and theoretical importance. Epizootic diseases were observed to occur in relation to the cold season of the year, when the decrease or spontaneous increase of water temperature occurred (SCHAPERCLAUS, 1965; BESSE et al., 1965; KLONTZ et al., 1965 WOOD,1966). The immunological deficiency of fish, caused by their natural or experimental stay in cold water, is now evident for both humoral and cellular immunity. In this review we will focus on two points: We shall attempt (1) to explain the mechanism by which the environmental temperature influences the immune resistance of fish to pathogens, (2) to determine the chronological location of this temperature-sensitive stage in the process of antibody formation, and to make some approaches to the general antibody formation mechanism.

The possibility of stimulated light emission was discussed by Einstein in 1917, eight years before the quantum-mechanical description of energy levels of many-electron systems. Though it is imperative to use samples having optical properties greatly different from the stan­ dard continuous spectrum of opaque objects ('black body'radia­ tion) it is not always necessary to restrict the study to monatomic entities. Thus, spectral lines can be obtained (in absorption and in emission) from lanthanide compounds, containing from one to thir­ teen 4f electrons going from trivalent cerium to ytterbium, that are nearly as sharp as the ones from gaseous atoms. However, the presence of adjacent atoms modifies the simple picture of an isolated electron configuration, and in particular, it is possible to pump excited levels efficiently by energy transfer from species with intense absorption bands, such as the inter-shell transitions of other lanthanides and of thallium(I), lead(II) and bismuth(III) or the electron transfer bands of the uranyl ion or other complexes. On the other hand, it is possible to diminuish the mUlti-phonon relaxation (competing with sharp line luminescence) by selecting vitreous or crystalline materials with low phonon energies. Obviously, one cannot circumvent the conservation of energy by lasers, but they may have unprecedented consequences for the future by allowing nuclear fusion of light elements, effects of non-linear optics and time-resolved spectroscopy, besides the more conventional applications of coherent light beams with negligible angular extension.

More than two decades after Michael Rutter (1987) published his summary of protective processes associated with resilience, researchers continue to report definitional ambiguity in how to define and operationalize positive development under adversity. The problem has been partially the result of a dominant view of resilience as something individuals have, rather than as a process that families, schools,communities and governments facilitate. Because resilience is related to the presence of social risk factors, there is a need for an ecological interpretation of the construct that acknowledges the importance of people's interactions with their environments. The Social Ecology of Resilience provides evidence for this ecological understanding of resilience in ways that help to resolve both definition and measurement problems.

This book is not intended to be a basic text in infrared spectroscopy. Many such books exist and I have referred to them in the text. Rather, I have tried to find applications that would be interesting to a variety of people: advanced undergraduate chemistry students, graduate students and research workers in several disciplines, spectros­ copists, and physicians active in research or in the practice of medicine. With this aim in mind there was no intent to have exhaustive coverage of the literature. I should like to acknowledge my use of several books and reviews, which were invaluable in my search for material: G. H. Beaven, E. A. Johnson, H. A. Willis and R. G. 1. Miller, Molecular Spec­ troscopy, Heywood and Company, Ltd., London, 1961. J. A. Schell man and Charlotte Schellman,'The Conformation of Polypeptide Chains in Proteins,'in The Proteins, Vol. II, 2nd Ed. (H. Neurath, ed.), Academic Press, New York, 1964. R. T. O'Connor,'Application of Infrared Spectrophotometry to Fatty Acid Derivatives,'J. Am. Oil Chemists'Soc. 33, 1 (1956). F. L. Kauffman,'Infrared Spectroscopy of Fats and Oils,'J. Am. Oil Chemists'Soc. 41,4 (1964). W. J. Potts, Jr., Chemical Infrared Spectroscopy, Vol. I, Techniques, Wiley, New York, 1963. R. S. Tipson, Infrared Spectroscopy of Carbohydrates, National Bureau of Standards Monograph llO, Washington, D.C., 1968. C. N. R. Rao, Chemical Applications of Infrared Spectroscopy, Academic Press, New York, 1963.

War related separations challenge military families in many ways. The worry and uncertainty associated with absent family members exacerbates the challenges of personal, social, and economic resources on the home front. U.S. military operations in Iraq and Afghanistan have sent a million service personnel from the U.S. alone into conflict areas leaving millions of spouses, children and others in stressful circumstances. This is not a new situation for military families, but it has taken a toll of magnified proportions in recent times. In addition, medical advances have prolonged the life of those who might have died of injuries. As a result, more families are caring for those who have experienced amputation, traumatic brain injury, and profound psychological wounds. The Department of Defence has launched unprecedented efforts to support service members and families before, during, and after deployment in all locations of the country as well as in remote locations. Stress in U.S. Military Families brings together an interdisciplinary group of experts from the military to the medical to examine the issues of this critical problem. Its goal is to review the factors that contribute to stress in military families and to point toward strategies and policies that can help. Covering the major topics of parenting, marital functioning, and the stress of medical care, and including a special chapter on single service members, it serves as a comprehensive guide for those who will intervene in these problems and for those undertaking their research.

Is it school refusal or separation anxiety disorder? Can preschoolers have panic attacks? Does food neophobia really exist? For readers seeking ways to improve assessment, case conceptualization, or treatment plans as well as a more general understanding of anxiety disorders among children, the Handbook of Child and Adolescent Anxiety Disorders addresses these and many other complex issues. A straightforward companion to the diagnostic manuals, this volume crosses theoretical boundaries to describe in depth the wide range of children's anxiety disorders and to explain the developmental nuances that separate them from their adult analogues. Coverage includes: Diagnostic and etiological models of children's anxiety disorders (i.e., genetic, cognitive-behavioral, taxonomic, neuropsychological, dimensional). Differential diagnosis guidelines for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), phobic conditions, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in youth. Ancillary factors in child and adolescent anxiety (e.g., personality, temperament, parenting issues, and comorbid conditions). Psychological, pharmacological, and combined treatments for childhood anxiety disorders. Special populations and emerging areas of interest, including anxiety disorders in the contexts of chronic health problems and developmental disabilities. The Handbook of Child and Adolescent Anxiety Disorders is a must-have reference for researchers, clinicians, and graduate students in psychology, psychiatry, social work and counseling as well as allied professionals in hospitals, community mental health centers, schools, and private practice.

The earliest educational software simply transferred print material from the page to the monitor. Since then, the Internet and other digital media have brought students an ever-expanding, low-cost knowledge base and the opportunity to interact with minds around the globe—while running the risk of shortening their attention spans, isolating them from interpersonal contact, and subjecting them to information overload. The New Science of Learning: Cognition, Computers and Collaboration in Education deftly explores the multiple relationships found among these critical elements in students'increasingly complex and multi-paced educational experience. Starting with instructors'insights into the cognitive effects of digital media—a diverse range of viewpoints with little consensus—this cutting-edge resource acknowledges the double-edged potential inherent in computer-based education and its role in shaping students'thinking capabilities. Accordingly, the emphasis is on strategies that maximize the strengths and compensate for the negative aspects of digital learning, including: Group cognition as a foundation for learning Metacognitive control of learning and remembering Higher education course development using open education resources Designing a technology-oriented teacher professional development model Supporting student collaboration with digital video tools Teaching and learning through social annotation practices The New Science of Learning: Cognition, Computers and Collaboration in Education brings emerging challenges and innovative ideas into sharp focus for researchers in educational psychology, instructional design, education technologies, and the learning sciences.

By age 16, significant – one might even say “alarming” – numbers of students are demonstrating signs of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Students with PTSD are more likely to develop a range of problems, from delinquent behavior to eating disorders to substance abuse to dropping out. For the school-based professional, the ability to recognize these symptoms and warning signs is essential. Emphasizing prevention as well as intervention, Identifying, Assessing, and Treating PTSD at School clearly defines PTSD, explains its adverse affects on children's academic and social-emotional skills, and offers expert guidance on how to recognize student needs and provide appropriate services. This volume, designed as a practical, easy-to-use reference for school psychologists and other educational professionals: (1) Makes the case for why school psychologists and their colleagues need to be more prepared, willing, and able to identify and serve students with PTSD. (2) Identifies the causes, prevalence, and associated conditions of PTSD. (3) Provides a review of screening, referral, and diagnostic assessment processes. (4) Reviews appropriate treatments for students with PTSD. Today's youth live in an increasingly uncertain world, and school psychologists, counselors, social workers, and general and special education personnel will find Identifying, Assessing, and Treating PTSD at School an invaluable resource in their practices.

Despite the public alarm following several high-profile school shootings that occurred in the United States over the past decade, little is known about the actual incidence and characteristics of school-associated violence. School Violence and Primary Prevention grew out of a recent special issue of the Journal of Primary Prevention, which Thomas W. Miller guest edited. Understanding violence and reducing injury and death associated with violence is now, unfortunately, a major public health concern and is now a major objective of the Healthy People 2010 initiative. School Violence and Primary Prevention covers clinical issues in treating victims of school violence and assessing children with the potential for violence. The editor will also examine the effectiveness of prevention intervention programs and offer larger policy recommendations. The book will look at environmental factors such as cultural issues on behaviors from bullying to mass school shootings. And uniquely, the book will go into topics such as sexual boundaries and body image. In all, this book aims for a theoretical and applied picture of the current state of school violence and prevention.

Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics II is a collection of the best papers presented at the 2nd International Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics (ICINCO). The purpose of ICINCO was to bring together researchers, engineers and practitioners interested in the application of informatics to Control, Automation and Robotics. The research papers focused on real world applications, covering three main themes: Intelligent Control Systems, Optimization, Robotics and Automation and Signal Processing, Systems Modeling and Control. Informatics applications are pervasive in many areas of Control, Automation and Robotics. This book will be of interest to professionals working on the control and robotics area, especially those who need to maintain knowledge about current trends in development methods and applications.

Since the groundbreaking first edition of Rational Emotive Approaches to the Problems of Childhood by Albert Ellis and Michael Bernard two decades ago, our understanding of the nature and treatment of children's problems has grown considerably. Now in a completely new volume, Albert Ellis and children's REBT specialist Professor Michael Bernard have revised and updated this pioneering volume to reflect both the latest in clinical practice and research. Fourteen expert contributors (including many from the original) share with the editors a deep commitment to integrating REBT with other cognitive-behavioral methods, and to providing young people with developmentally appropriate care. Together they give readers a practical framework for conducting assessment, treatment, and prevention with individuals, clients and groups as well as in family and school settings. Key features of this new edition include: Developmental considerations in using REBT with children and adolescents Specific chapters devoted to major disorders -- aggression, phobias anxiety, depression, academic underachievement, and ADHD Latest strategies for challenging and changing the irrational beliefs of young people Techniques for building key REBT skills: emotional resilience and frustration tolerance Extensive research findings on the efficacy of REBT with young people Brand-new material on special issues -- involving parents, conducting group sessions, and working with exceptional children An overview of Rational Emotive Education and You Can Do It! Education, school-based applications of REBT With coverage this thorough, Ellis, Bernard, and collaborators have created a resource of immediate value to child and adolescent mental healthpractitioners including school psychologists, school counselors, school social workers, behavior therapists, and family therapists, and educators involved in helping young people overcome behavioral disorders.

A myriad of models are available to guide practice before, during, and following disasters. As emphasized in this book, we value the role of research in informing our assessment, education, and intervention efforts in this area. Keeping an eye on those elements that have research backing certainly assists with quality control generally. However, more specifically, we also stress the idea that there is evidence to support a role for hope and positive expectations in the motivation and engagement process. In addition, the more that people, including youth and adults, actively participate in efforts designed to help, the more benefits they tend to receive. The role of research in providing that initial hope and inspiring more active engagement with internal and external resources before, during, and after a disaster is part of the foundation of our practice in this area. In fact, in the clinical psychology training program directed by the senior author, the idea that we attempt to inculcate with our trainees is the idea of “hope and engagement on an evidence-based foundation.” Consequently, we do advocate for models of practice that have identified “active ingredients” that are included: those particularly identified through controlled evaluation research. However, it is also the case that a number of risk and protective factors identified through a number of studies (e.g., see Chapter 2) have as yet to be systematically included.

Multidisciplinary and trans-cultural … This book provides an up-to-date review of the current state of care, treatment and prevention in child and adolescent mental health from multidisciplinary and trans-cultural perspectives. Systems of care, services and interventions in selected parts of the world are described by leading experts with a focus on the current status of services in the respective parts of the world the major needs and deficits in identifying mental health problems in children and adolescents (awareness and diagnosis) the major needs in treatment, care and prevention realistic proposals on how to improve the situation of children and adolescents who suffer from, or are at risk for, mental health problems. In addition, the major principles and strategies of treatment and intervention are described, on an empirical basis, using a selected number of treatment approaches and treatment settings as examples. Finally, the possibilities, strategies and limitations of early detection and prevention are reviewed with the aim of improving the living conditions of children and families in need of mental health support. … a valuable resource for mental health workers all over the world!