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The main focus of this book is to help better understand the multidimensionality and complexity of population displacement and the role that reconstruction and recovery knowledge and practice play in this regard. According to the UN Refugee Agency (UNHCR), the total number of people forcibly displaced due to wars and conflicts, disasters, and climate change worldwide, exceeded 66 million in 2016. Many of these displaced populations may never be able to go back and rebuild their houses, communities, and businesses.This text brings together recovery and reconstruction professionals, researchers, and policy makers to examine how displaced populations can rebuild their lives in new locations and recover from disasters that have impacted their livelihoods, and communities. This book provides readers with an understanding of how disaster recovery and reconstruction knowledge and practice can contribute to the recovery and reconstruction of displaced and refugee populations. Thisbook will appeal to students, researchers, and professionals working in the field.

'Teaching Case Studies for Tourism & Hospitality in Asia and The Pacific – With Cartoon Illustrations'represents a creative contribution to the field of tourism and hospitality education. By combining teaching case studies with cartoon illustrations, this resource aims to stimulate curiosity, encourage intellectual exploration and empower the development of future industry professionals. This book introduces readers to real-life industry case studies and the challenges inherent in the Asia-Pacific region's tourism and hospitality business contexts. It equips students with the knowledge and skills needed to navigate the variety of situations in the industry and provides valuable practical applications for when they enter the workforce. The case studies featured in the book can be used as teaching tools in tertiary tourism and hospitality education. Using the teaching notes, educators are able to stimulate discussions and classroom activities to unpack key themes, ideas, concepts, and theories within the case to facilitate active learning.

This book provides a snapshot of the manifestations of the climate emergency in the Philippines from a wide array of disciplines including physical sciences, social sciences, arts and humanities, management, and law. Researchers and faculties at the University of the Philippines contributed to this compilation, where each chapter provides policymakers and the public a clear picture of why climate change must be confronted with a sense of urgency and near-desperation.Divided into three main parts, the first one zeroes in on climate-vulnerable sectors such as water, food and agriculture, health, and coastal communities in the Philippines to introduce readers to the current pressing impacts of the climate emergency. The second part presents case studies of local experiences from the country's three island regions, namely, Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao, and it situates the readers in different environments and contexts. The third part features transdisciplinary responses to the climate emergency, including salient challenges in relation to planning, financing, communication, and education. The concluding chapter highlights eight areas for action to tackle the climate emergency. Each chapter comes with an overview and a Summary for Policymakers, which provides clear guidance for action to be taken by both local and national policymakers.

Emergence of lifestyle diseases, e.g., type II diabetes, cancers, obesity, cardiovascular disorders, liver cirrhosis, etc., are exponentially increasing day by day. Modern drifts toward the utilization of herbal medicines in different healthcare aspects necessitate (demand) the replacement of synthetic molecules with phytoconstituents because of their biocompatibility, biodegradability, economic extraction process, and ready availability from the natural source. This book provides a thorough insight into the comprehensive and up-to-date trends of phytomedicines in the management of lifestyle diseases and its mechanisms, modern methods of extraction and purification of phytoconstituents, and chemical characterization as well as standardization of phytoconstituents using modern equipments.

This book is devoted to phytopharmaceuticals and their role in managing human disorders. It also covers the biological role of herbal drugs and the latest research developments in herbal medicine. Divided into five parts, the book starts with a global perspective on phytopharmaceuticals providing insights into the lessons from the past to the future, followed by an overview of Ayurveda medicine, and the main isolation and extraction techniques of plant material. Parts 2 and 3 present the latest research on natural products and phytopharmaceuticals, in which the authors cover the current clinical research status on formulations containing medicinal plants, and an overview of nanomedicines. Particular attention is given to potential and current therapeutic applications of phytopharmaceuticals, including their role in the management of COVID-19, neurological disorders, and cancer therapy. Part 4 focuses on the biomedical applications of phytochemical-based formulations, and Part 5 outlines the role and benefits of nutraceuticals in human health. The final chapter of this book provides an overview of the main toxicity and regulatory aspects of herbal medicines. Collating the latest advances in phytopharmaceuticals and natural product drug discovery with a perspective on Ayurveda therapies, this book has broad appeal from scholars,and researchers to professionals interested in plant-based drug development and phytochemistry.

Sex/gender-specific medicine (SGM) is defined as the practice of medicine based on the understanding that biology and social roles are important in men and women for prevention, screening, diagnosis, and treatment. Current research demonstrates differences in disease incidence, symptomatology, morbidity, and mortality depending on sex and gender. Sex/gender-specific medicine is a fundamental aspect of tailored therapy and precision medicine. Therefore, the variables must be considered in medical education and practice as well as in research models ranging from human participants, animals and cells. This concept could be applied in the whole clinical areas from Neuroscience, Psychiatry, Gastroenterology, Cardiology, and Rehabilitation, etc. Nowadays estrogen is known to play a key role in the prevention of colon cancer and in the resistant progression of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, especially in women. This book covers the sex/gender-specific medicine in the whole clinical areas in the adults as well as in the pediatrics. In addition, research results of basic science are also introduced in the colon cancer and Alzheimer's disease.

This book reviews the role of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in clinical dentistry, explains how to successfully conduct RCTs related to dentistry, and provides detailed information on the use of RCTs within each of the dental specialties. Although RCTs represent the gold standard in evidence-based dentistry for evaluation of the effects of an intervention, a textbook on the subject has to date been lacking. Randomized Controlled Trials in Evidence-Based Dentistry will fill this educational gap and improve the confidence of dental providers, researchers, and their multidisciplinary teams in conducting high-quality RCTs in a variety of settings and different parts of the world. In particular, it will enable readers to implement a suitable step-by-step approach to RCTs, identify possible solutions to common challenges when performing RCTs in individual dental specialties, and apply these solutions to their own RCT projects.

The book in hand, namely “Metal and Metal-Oxide Based Nanomaterials (Synthesis, Agricultural, Biomedical and Environmental Interventions”, focuses on the synthesis methods, characterization techniques, and diverse interventions utilizing these nanomaterials in the fields of agriculture, biomedicine, and environmental remediation. The specific applications discussed include food packaging, post-harvest disease management, crop production, drug delivery systems, other biomedical applications, photocatalytic degradation of environmental pollutants, and wastewater treatment. Additionally, it also addresses the potential risks associated with zinc nanoparticles in aquatic ecosystems and emphasizes the importance of further research and regulation in this field. Overall, the book provides valuable insights and serves as a comprehensive resource for researchers and scientists across various interdisciplinary subjects. It serves as a valuable resource for scientists, researchers, and students in nanotechnology, nanomedicine, environmental science, plant science, agriculture, chemistry, biotechnology, pharmacognosy, pharmaceuticals, industrial chemistry, and other interdisciplinary subjects. Moreover, this also inspires further research, innovation, and the development of sustainable solutions for a better future.

This book addresses special lipids produced by chemical and enzymatic interesterification and explores the interesterification process and its crucial role in the modification of oils for various applications. The book discusses the chemical and enzymatic aspects of this process, providing an in-depth understanding of its mechanism, benefits, and limitations. The book covers key concepts such as the mechanism of interesterification, the use of immobilized lipases in enzymatic interesterification, and current applications of interesterification in fats and oils. Particular attention is given to acidolysis, alcoholysis, glycerolysis, and transesterification - the four types of interesterification reactions, and to the advantages and drawbacks of both enzymatic and chemical interesterification. In this book, the authors address critical questions like the fate of fatty acids from interesterified lipids after consumption and their long-term health effects. Readers will also learn more about the current applications of interesterification in fats and oils, including special lipids like plastic fats, human milk fat substitutes, structured lipids enriched with essential fatty acids, cocoa butter equivalents and substitutes, and low-calorie structured lipids. Aimed at researchers and professionals in food science, this book offers valuable insights into the production of various specialty fats through enzymatic interesterification, thereby equipping readers with the knowledge to innovate in the field of food applications. Readers with a background in food chemistry will benefit from its detailed explanation of lipase-catalyzed synthesis and the use of alkali metals in interesterification.

This book is a machine-generated literature overview that explores the theoretical and empirical aspects of economics of natural disasters such as floods, cyclones, droughts, and earthquakes from a policy perspective. It provides a comprehensive collection of economic theories in Disasters and empirical findings that would benefit scholars in academia and policy-making. On the theory side, there is a growing use of game theory, Input-Output, computable general equilibrium models, and Catastrophe models to analyze the economic impacts of natural disasters. These models provide optimal decisions for the government concerning disaster relief. On the empirical front, studies showing causal and associative relationships between disasters and socio-economic variables are important for estimating disaster-related losses and making appropriate policy suggestions.The book explores different critical aspects and interlinkages of natural disasters; economic, social, and political. Besides having localized effects, disasters influence macroeconomic parameters, such as impacts on international trade and foreign direct investment. Moreover, the effects of disasters are subject to interventions from various national and international agencies. It discusses fiscal pressures caused due to disasters and existing policies related to disaster-risk mitigation and management as a guide to policy-making. It is an important guide to researchers and policymakers examining the socio-economic impact of natural disasters and public investment for disaster-risk mitigation.

This book describes numerous issues and brings an improved understanding of a key agenda item for the sustainable development goals (SDGs). The SDGs represent an urgent call for action by all countries, developed and developing, working jointly within the global community. A few of the industries it supports include food processing, energy, biomedical science, space research, drug delivery, and biosensors. This book highlights multidisciplinary solutions for protecting the environment while ensuring the future of our planet. The book mainly targets undergraduates, postgraduates, and doctoral students who are working in materials science and researchers across the world working in interdisciplinary research for climate change for sustainable growth.

This book offers a comprehensive perspective of herbal medicine phytochemistry and explores the application of plant extracts as bioactive compounds in disease prevention and treatment in modern or traditional medicine. The book starts with an introduction to the history and value of herbal medicine, followed by 3 parts covering the main phytochemical components and metabolites in herbal medicine, different uses and practices in herbal medicine, including a region-wise analysis of methods and practices and an overview of regulations and policies for herbal medicinal practitioners, and the advances and challenges in quality assessment of herbal medicine. Plants generally have the tendency to bioaccumulate trace metals from the environment and they are easily contaminated by microorganisms from water sources and poor hygiene practices of the herbalist. Quality assessment and assurance is, thus, a pertinent challenge in herbal medicine practice (i.e., in remedy formulation and application), and this book offers an authoritative perspective on this topic, covering aspects such as quality control strategies, preparation techniques, chemical quantification in phytomedicine, and the efficacy and safety of herbal remedies. Moreover, in this book, readers will find valuable insights into the latest trends and developments in the field, and a critical review of the application of medicinal plants to treat cardiovascular, digestive, respiratory neurological and reproductive diseases. Particular attention is given to the advances and trends in the field, and readers will learn about the latest biotechnological approaches, the use of nanotechnology in herbal medicine, metabolomic analysis of medicinal plants, big data application in herbal medicine, and the value of herbal medicine towards sustainability. Given its breadth, this book is aimed at researchers, academics, practitioners and professionals working in the fields of natural, life, health, clinical, and biomedical sciences, and interested in herbal remedies, pharmacology, pharmacognosy, human nutrition and dietetics, plant biology, and biotechnology/microbiology.

This book discusses the many advances in the understanding of the functions and implications of activation and detoxification enzymes. This organized, concise overview will meet the needs of those who are initially exposed to this important subject, particularly for students and researchers in the areas of biomedical sciences, biochemistry, nutrition, pharmacology, and chemistry. The book will also be valuable to advanced researchers. The book discusses subjects associated with foreign-compound-metabolizing enzymes with emphasis on biochemical aspects, including lipophilic foreign compounds, activation and detoxification enzymes, metabolic enzyme catalytic properties, reactive metabolic intermediates, biomedical and biochemical effects, genetic polymorphisms, enzyme inducibility, enzyme modulation for health benefits, dietary-related enzyme modulators, and structural characteristics of enzyme inducers. This new edition is updated throughout andfeatures completely new chapters on Oxidative and Electrophilic Stresses, Metabolite- Mediated Disease Conditions, and Defense Mechanism: Nrf2-ARE Pathway.

This handbook reviews the clinical applications of stem cell-based therapy. The book covers the clinical applications of stem cells in cardiovascular diseases, neurological and ocular diseases, pediatrics, and the role of cancer stem cell-derived exosomal microRNA payload in lung cancer. The chapter reviews emerging stem cell therapy and tissue engineering approaches in neurodegenerative diseases. The book further examines the applications of stem cells in various fields of dentistry, and for the regeneration of oral and non-oral tissues. The chapters also explore the application of 3D bioprinting in conjunction with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of bone defects and state-of-the-art technology for bone and cartilage regeneration using mesenchymal stem cells. The book presents stem cell-based therapy against renal, pancreatic, and kidney diseases and examines the advantages of a novel hepatic stem for cirrhotic liver repair and regeneration. Lastly, the book provides methodological and procedural advancements in stem cell-based therapy, including the applications of single-cell sequencing in stem cell research. This handbook is a major one-stop reference for researchers working in regenerative medicine, cellular pharmacology, stem cell research in general, and those involved in specific areas of adult stem cells as well as embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells. ​

This book presents selected research papers on current developments in the fields of soft computing and signal processing from the Sixth International Conference on Soft Computing and Signal Processing (ICSCSP 2023). The book covers topics such as soft sets, rough sets, fuzzy logic, neural networks, genetic algorithms and machine learning and discusses various aspects of these topics, e.g., technological considerations, product implementation and application issues.

This book provides perspectives on the combinatorial approach of plant-based compounds for drug discovery to achieve better disease-curing outcomes introducing the evolution of ethnobotany and traditional medicine in modern drug development. It covers the biotechnological interventions for the identification and screening of compounds and their optimization to enhance affinity, selectivity, bioavailability, and metabolic stability. While overviewing how essential compounds are successfully identified from herbal/ medicinal plants and utilized in the form of effective drugs which eventually have helped in combating long-term diseases in humans, the book also provides a better understanding of how infection and the diseases caused are regulated at the molecular and physiological stages. The book also highlights the importance of bioactive compounds in modern drug discovery and the perspectives for a potential industrial application. The chapters are developed by eminent subject experts with due care and clarity and cover an up-to-date literature review with relevant illustrations. The book would cater to the needs of undergraduate and graduate students, researchers, and scientists, and may attract the attention of pharmaceutical companies/industrialists and health policymakers.

This book offers a comprehensive overview of the latest research, technologies, and applications of health informatics to promote sustainability and address climate change. The book focuses on the complex and multi-faceted challenge induced by climate change — a challenge that requires a systems approach at the global, national, and local levels. It explores the ethical and social implications of health informatics and climate change solutions, including issues related to data privacy, equity, and access to healthcare. The book primarily fills the gap in the available literature on the subject by bringing together the concepts, theories, and practical experiences of specialists and professionals in one volume. In addition, examples of successful health informatics and climate change solutions from around the world are showcased, including innovative approaches to data collection, analysis, and dissemination. The book is an essential resource for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers in the fields of health informatics, sustainability, and climate change.The interconnected challenges of climate change and human health require a multidisciplinary and integrated approach that includes the use of health informatics tools and methods. By leveraging the power of informatics, we can develop innovative solutions to mitigate the impacts of climate change on human health and to build more resilient and sustainable communities.

Environmental conditions and processes are one of the major pillars on which the human well-being rests. It is the core responsibility of the society to preserve and enhance better conditions for the human well-being. Indeed, there are several evolving unmet needs in public health. Emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases and a surge in the incidence of non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular diseases (CAD), chronic respiratory diseases, and metabolic diseases have been impediments to sustainable well-being. Many factors are critical in the global surge in the rate and incidence of cardiovascular diseases. These include the shift from acute to chronic conditions, the shift from single risk factor vs. multiple influences, aging population, global health disparities, exposure to lower harmful influences over a longer period, etc. However, the epigenetic factors due to unhealthy environment play a most significant role in the underlying pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Unfortunately, this has been ignored for a long time and realized lately to expand and disseminate knowledge to general population, expand research activities to investigate the cellular and molecular mechanisms, and develop better preventive and treatment strategies. The most significant environmental impoverishment in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases include different genetical, chemical, physical, and biological influences, but not limited to, socio-economic status and lack of nutrients, nutritional aspects including habits, diets and additives, inhaled and ingested pollutants, exhaust gas and gasoline products, tobacco smoke, water pollution, alcohol consumption, soil and mineral pollution, solvents, pesticides, microplastics, non-critical usage of drugs, climate change, extreme atmospheric conditions, extremes in noise and temperature, electromagnetic influences, microwaves and radiation, outdoor light pollution, mental stressors, lack of or over exercise, microbiota and microbiological agents like SARS CoV-2 virus, etc.

This eleven-volume set LNCS 14815 – 14825 constitutes the refereed workshop proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Computational Science and Its Applications, ICCSA 2024, held at Hanoi, Vietnam, during July 1–4, 2024. The 281 full papers, 17 short papers and 2 PHD showcase papers included in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 450 submissions. In addition, the conference consisted of 55 workshops, focusing on very topical issues of importance to science, technology and society: from new mathematical approaches for solving complex computational systems, to information and knowledge in the Internet of Things, new statistical and optimization methods, several Artificial Intelligence approaches, sustainability issues, smart cities and related technologies.

The International Scientific and Technical Conference “Integrated Computer Technologies in Mechanical Engineering” – Synergetic Engineering (ICTM) was established by National Aerospace University “Kharkiv Aviation Institute”. The Conference ICTM'2023 was held in Kharkiv, Ukraine, during December, 2023. During this conference, technical exchanges between the research community were carried out in the forms of keynote speeches, panel discussions, as well as special session. In addition, participants were treated to a series of receptions, which forge collaborations among fellow researchers. ICTM'2023 received 202 papers submissions from different countries. All of these offer us plenty of valuable information and would be of great benefit to the experience exchange among scientists in modeling and simulation. The organizers of ICTM'2023 made great efforts to ensure the success of this conference. We hereby would like to thank all the members of ICTM'2023 Advisory Committee for their guidance and advice, the members of program committee and organizing committee, and the referees for their effort in reviewing and soliciting the papers, and all authors for their contribution to the formation of a common intellectual environment for solving relevant scientific problems. Also, we grateful to Springer - Janusz Kacprzyk and Thomas Ditzinger as the editor responsible for the series “Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems” for their great support in publishing these selected papers.

This book provides an overview of the drug discovery process from natural sources such as plants and microbes. While technological advances have streamlined the drug discovery process, enhancing the throughput and success rates, the structural features of natural products remain the primary reference for small-molecule drug discovery. Focusing on the drug targets blocked/altered by natural/nature-inspired molecules, it covers how potential drug leads are screened and identified using appropriate assay systems, and the current status of drugs identified using such approaches. State-of-the-art approaches in target identification, assay development, and lead identification have also been discussed in detail. Other topics included are targets and leads in inflammation, cancer, reproductive medicine, cardiovascular and neuromuscular ailments, and infectious diseases as well as the challenges in translating drug leads into clinically viable drugs. This volume serves as a handbook for researchers in phytochemistry and drug discovery, and as a reference for researchers and students of applied biology.

This book highlights advances in cyber security, cyber situational awareness (CyberSA), artificial intelligence (AI) and social media. It brings together original discussions, ideas, concepts and outcomes from research and innovation from multidisciplinary experts. It offers topical, timely and emerging original innovations and research results in cyber situational awareness, security analytics, cyber physical systems, blockchain technologies, machine learning, social media and wearables, protection of online digital service, cyber incident response, containment, control and countermeasures (CIRC3). The theme of Cyber Science 2023 is multidisciplinary and multidimensional cyber security. And through call for papers, we solicit original contributions advancing research in artificial intelligence, machine learning, blockchain, cyber security, social media, cyber incident response and cyber insurance.

Violence and trauma are growing global problems. From the impacts of geopolitical forces to structural violence to the local effects of interpersonal violence, trauma is ubiquitous in our society. Existing trauma systems everywhere are expanding to meet the needs of injured patients. Unfortunately, in some places, adequate resources are not in place to provide modern trauma care. Until very recently, this absence of resources existed on the South Side of Chicago. For three decades, the South Side of Chicago was a relative trauma “desert”. In 2018, the University of Chicago Medicine opened a modern adult trauma center in an area that previously suffered from a relative lack of access to adult trauma care. This book will provide the reader with an understanding of the journey the University of Chicago went through to develop a modern trauma center where there previously was nothing. It will chart a journey through the history on the South Side of Chicago and will provide an understanding of the proper needs assessment that goes into planning a new trauma center. It will describe the implementation of the multi-disciplinary teams needed to provide modern trauma care. It will then describe the effects of this trauma center and its future directions. As many places are struggling with caring for increasing levels of violence, there likely will be a need for others to go through a similar developmental process. Sharing the experience of the University of Chicago Medicine going from a non-trauma hospital to the busiest trauma center in Chicago, we hope that this book will provide some guidance to others and accompany you on one's journey.

This book on current approaches to the use of drugs in dentistry, now in an extensively revised second edition, aims to equip practitioners with a sound understanding of both the scientific evidence for various interventions and the comparative efficacy of those interventions. The focus is on the drugs most commonly used in conjunction with dental treatment, including local anesthetics, analgesics, antibiotics, sedatives, and drugs for the management of medical emergencies. Summaries of the scientific evidence from the available published literature are provided, with assessment of the level and quality of the evidence base. A unique aspect of the book is its focus on current, evidence-based recommendations from professional organizations with regard to special topics, such as antibiotic prophylaxis, pediatric considerations, and management of medically compromised patients. Emphasis is placed on evidence from randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews and meta-analyses,and in order to further enhance the up-to-date nature of the book, each chapter includes guidance on online resources, such as useful non-commercial websites.

Sustainable Food System is a food system that delivers food safety & security as two key elements and nutrition for masses having impact on their social, economic, and environmental bases to generate nutritional food security for future generations shall not be compromised. Therefore, SFS targets the economic sustainability, social sustainability and environmental sustainability and makes a robust system having expansive benefits for the society. This concept of Sustainable Food System under SDG Goals is such a vast concept that, it has been impossible to highlight all the concepts in one volume. Therefore, the Editor have compiled this voluminous, comprehensive and compendious approach as balanced and organized structure of work as: Sustainable Food System Volume I & II.The Sustainable Food System (Volume - I): framework, sustainable diets, Traditional Food Culture & Food production has a very comprehensive outline and divided in 4 major sections and further 24 different chapters. The book addresses both the theoretical and applied aspects of sustainable food diverse food systems A Sustainable Food System (SFS) is a comprehensive food system that targets the sustainable diets, traditional food culture with indigenous system and the overall food production on as well. All chapters in different sections will be written by key scientists with diverse backgrounds in either industry / R&D / academia, and will provide an update on emerging ideas and sustainable technologies as well as vision for the future. The 1st section: Sustainable Food System: concepts & framework primarily focusing on the Sustainable food systems, its conceptual introduction, framework and different concepts nationally & internationally. The 2nd section: Responsible consumption and sustainable diets deals with different aspects of nutrients sustaining health & sustainable diets. The 3rd section: Conservation and promotion of Traditional Food Culture, covers the conservation & promotion of traditional food cultures & their practices. The last & 4th section: Climate change and sustainable food production provide the current knowledge and innovative developments related to climate change, nutritional security & agronomic bio-fortification.

This book explores the potential benefits of turmeric, and specifically curcumin, in the treatment and prevention of neurodegenerative diseases. The book covers various aspects of turmeric, including its traditional use in Ayurveda and Chinese medicine, secondary metabolites, curcuminoids, and sesquiterpenoids found in turmeric, as well as the use of nano curcumin in neurodegenerative diseases. It discusses the different ways in which turmeric can be used to treat neurodegenerative diseases, including as a therapy for brain diseases, curcumin-induced neuroprotection in cerebral ischemia, and neural stem cell therapy in combination with curcumin. It also discusses the role of nano curcumin in neurodegenerative diseases, including its potential use in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. The book provides the scientific evidence behind the use of turmeric and its compounds in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Overall, this bookis an invaluable resource for researchers and healthcare professionals interested in exploring the potential benefits of turmeric and curcumin in the treatment and prevention of neurodegenerative diseases.

This comprehensive book focuses on various aspects of artificial intelligence in dentistry, assisting dentists, specialists, and scientists in advancing their understanding, knowledge, training, and expertise in this field of artificial intelligence. Readers will learn about AI-supported pathways for the diagnosis and treatment of dental caries, periodontal bone loss, impacted teeth, periapical lesions, crown, and root fractures, working length determination, and detecting root and canal morphology, TMJ disorders, detection of obstructive sleep apnea, oral mucosal lesions, and many more. Prediction tasks include the estimation of retreatment needs and third molar eruption. Critical information on applications of AI in the field of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Implants, Endodontics, Prosthodontics, Restorative dentistry, Oral surgery, Periodontics, and Orthodontics. Gain valuable insight into studies applying machine learning based on Machine Learning (ML), DeepLearning (DL), and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). Explore the technical aspects and medical applications of AI in dentistry. Additionally, discover cutting-edge topics like 3D and bioprinting applications of AI and its integration into dental education. All the chapters provide thorough, evidence-based data on AI and its implications in oral health, bridging the gap between knowledge and practical application. The book explains the advantages, disadvantages, and limitations of AI in dental health. Delve into the medico-legal aspects of AI to navigate this cutting-edge landscape responsibly. Learn about applications of Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence in the Covid-19 Pandemic. Extensive information on deep learning in image processing, including various types of neural networks, image segmentation, enhancement, reconstruction, and registration. This book concludes with an exploration of AI's exciting potential and future perspectives in the dental field, paving the way for a new era of oral healthcare. Don't miss out on this unique resource for AI in Dentistry, which empowers you to stay at the forefront of innovation and embrace the AI revolution in Dentistry. Be prepared for the future of dentistry.

This book takes a deep look at healthcare in today's post-pandemic world. It combines both theory and application to reflect a new era for healthcare. The need for innovation, digitalization, and enhanced policies in healthcare has never been greater than it is today. Taking this need into consideration, this book offers a multidisciplinary approach to healthcare, in both managerial and clinical views. Since the book combines both qualitative and quantitative studies about healthcare, readers will receive a broad view of healthcare issues and policies in today's world.

This book presents selected contributions to the International Scientific-Practical Conference 2022 (ISCP 2022) organized by East European University (Georgia) and E-Commerce Institute (Germany). It discusses the possibilities of digital management under current conditions, highlights recent technological advances, and addresses further marketing perspectives. The topics covered include digitalization, digital transformation, e-commerce, artificial intelligence, big data, blockchain, online marketing, the transformation of small and medium-sized businesses, digital law, digital social innovation, and digital ethics.

This book focuses on natural products, in particular medicinal plants and their derived products, as an indispensable source of bioactive molecules that serve as either drug candidates or lead compounds for drug design and discovery. There are several advantages for plant-derived therapeutics, including wide availability, diverse pharmacological actions, and a generally good profile of safety and tolerability. Over the recent years, there have been numerous reports from clinical studies testifying the efficacy and safety of medicinal plants and phytochemicals in treating human diseases. A plethora of basic studies has also unraveled molecular mechanisms underlying the health benefits of herbal medicines. Nevertheless, issues such as identification of bioactive ingredients, standardization of the products, and drug interactions remain to be systematically documented. Bioprospecting of Tropical Medicinal Plants represents a comprehensive analysis of natural products, mainly medicinal plants and phytochemicals. It includes detailed medicinal properties and pharmacological action from in vitro models to clinical trials. The goal is to present the readers a carefully curated collection of plant-derived natural products and their underlying molecular mechanisms.

This book highlights recent research on intelligent systems and nature-inspired computing. It presents 223 selected papers from the 22nd International Conference on Intelligent Systems Design and Applications (ISDA 2022), which was held online. The ISDA is a premier conference in the field of computational intelligence, and the latest installment brought together researchers, engineers, and practitioners whose work involves intelligent systems and their applications in industry. Including contributions by authors from 65 countries, the book offers a valuable reference guide for all researchers, students, and practitioners in the fields of computer science and engineering.

“This two-volume book originates from Techno-Societal 2022, the 4th International Conference on Advanced Technologies for Societal Applications held in Maharashtra, India. The conference brought together faculty members from various engineering colleges and eminent researchers from reputed organizations to solve Indian regional relevant problems.The focus of the Volume-I is on technologies that help develop and improve society, with a particular emphasis on issues such as advanced and sustainable technologies for water, energy, transportation, housing, and sanitation. Additionally, the book covers advances in pharmacy, nutraceuticals, and traditional medicines, as well as chemical and physical processes.The Volume-II covers deployable environment or health care technologies, mechatronics, micro-nano related technologies for bio and societal applications, and advanced assessment of employees and employment sectors.The conference aims to provide a platform for innovators to share their best practices or products developed to solve specific local problems, which in turn may inspire other researchers to solve problems in their own regions. Expert researchers also propose technologies that may find applications in different regions, providing a multidisciplinary platform for researchers from a broad range of disciplines of science, engineering, and technology to report innovations at different levels.”

This book explores how judiciaries in different parts of the world are responding to climate change and how climate change intersects with the law. It offers feminist approaches to the judicial responses to climate change in the Global South, providing both jurisdictional and thematic reviews. Climate change is one of the most pressing global issues facing humankind, and is currently reshaping geopolitics, governance, law, and international relations around the world.The book's originality lies in its endeavour to highlight judicial perspectives on climate change from prominent female researchers who have been working on this subject professionally and/or academically, bringing both regional and international views to the subject. The main objective is to give a new meaning to the study of climate change by bringing together the most recent aspects, including climate litigation, eco-constitutionalism and the environmental rule of law, climate and environmental justice, climate geopolitics and climate governance.The book will be of interest to students, academics, and scholars of climate law and environmental law around the world.

Learning design is an ill-structured process that must account for multiple stakeholders, contextual constraints, and other instructional needs. Whereas many theories outline learning theories, less is known about the formative design process and how it impacts the design and development of learning technologies. This is critical because a formative view considers the issues that educators encounter and how to overcome them during the learning design process.This edited volume provides a multi-faceted look at theories, studies, and design cases that employ formative design in learning across multiple domains. Topics include processes oriented around design thinking, design-based research, and others. Additional chapters provide contextual considerations, such as describing how formative design was used to design learning solutions for STEM learning and food banks, as well as overcoming challenges in emergency remote teaching. In doing so, the book provides an interdisciplinary view that explores how scholars and practitioners engage in formative practices that support a wide array of learners and contexts.

This book examines the role of human microbiome in human health and diseases. The initial chapters present tools for genetic manipulation of gut microbiota and the therapeutic applications of engineered microbiota. They discuss the interaction between human microbiota and host in defining the prominent role of microbes in the development and progression of major human diseases. The book also summarizes the current applications and trends for the development, production and analytical characterization of recombinant therapeutic proteins in microbial systems. It also reviews the role of microbes in the production of vaccines and antibiotics. Further, the book presents bacterial products, including proteins, enzymes, immunotoxins and secondary metabolites, that target cancer cells and cause tumour regression. The chapters also discuss the critical role of gut microbiota dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disease and in bowel-related diseases. Towards the end, the book exploresthe role of intestinal microbiota in metabolic health and the pathogenesis of common metabolic disorders. It presents state-of-the-art insights into important aspects of United Nations—Sustainable Developmental Goal 3.

This book presents a collection of double-blind peer reviewed papers under the scope of sustainable and resilient approaches for rebuilding displaced and host communities. Forced displacement is a major development challenge, not only a humanitarian concern. A surge in violent conflict, as well as increasing levels of disaster risk and environmental degradation driven by climate change, has forced people to leave or flee their homes – both internally displaced as well as refugees. The rate of forced displacement befalling in different countries all over the world today is phenomenal, with an increasingly higher rate of the population being affected on daily basis than ever. These displacement situations are becoming increasingly protracted, many lasting over 5 years. Therefore, there is a need to develop more sustainable and resilient approaches to rebuild these displaced communities ensuring the long-term satisfaction of communities and enhancing the social cohesion between the displaced and host communities. Accordingly, chapters are arranged around five main themes of rebuilding communities after displacement.Response management for displaced communitiesThe Built environment in resettlement planningGovernance of displacementSocio-Economic interventions for sustainable resettlement

This book brings together chapters related to sustainable utilization of biological resources, including in situ and ex situ conservation of rare, endangered, and threatened plants. The title also gives a special emphasis on marine sponges and mangrove ecosystems, which are two important untapped potential resources of the marine ecosystem and play a key role in maintaining the marine ecosystem. There is an urgent need for the conservation, exploration and utilization of bioresources for the growth and survival of human beings. Due to the significant reduction in biological resources, many countries are developing strategic action plans for the conservation and sustainable use of biological resources. That is where this book fills the gap by discussing the significant development of new products and methodologies for sustainable utilization of these resources. This book also unveils a world of novel bioactive molecules from medicinal plants and the marine ecosystem and explains how drug design pipelines can advance modern drug development. The target audiences for this book include biodiversity researchers who are working on technology and bioresource management issues and faculty and students in the environment research areas and Biodiversity conservation.

This book offers a comprehensive collection of cutting-edge research on feed additives for a sustainable animal production, including insects and aquaculture. In five clearly structured sections, the sources of feed additives, details on their biochemistry, feed security as well as specific applications for individual farm animal species, livestock health and product characteristics (meat, milk and eggs) find attention. International expert authors provide a full description on the use of aromatic plants, extracts and essential oils as feed additives alone or in combination with functional feeds of different categories. Readers will explore the potential of feed additives to tackle environmental issues. Practical examples include the use of local feedstuffs in combination with herbal additives and enzymes. Emphasis is placed on the consequences of using local feed sources versus imported feedstuffs on global warming potential, primary energy use, nutrient excretion and the feedadditive influence on lessening the pollution from animal operations. The results presented will support realization of the Sustainable Development Goals, in particular SDG 12 which stands for Responsible Consumption and Production worldwide. The use of novel and different feed additives can be an important tool to enhance sustainability, support productivity, and match increased food demands around the globe. Animal production depends on feed efficiency to sustain growth and profitability. Along these lines, the present volume is an essential reading for all future-oriented veterinarians, animal nutritionists, agricultural scientists, and moreover the feed, food and plant industry.

The book provides a comprehensive overview of the technologies and processes involved in renewable energy generation, with a specific focus on their role in improving the circular economy. It offers all the necessary information and tools to help readers select the most sustainable renewable energy solution for different conditions.Exploring real-life examples, the book delves into the practical applications of the circular economy in the renewable energy sector. It takes a multi-faceted approach, examining the circular economy from various perspectives and incorporating methods such as lifecycle assessment, sustainability assessment, multi-criteria decision-making, and multi-objective optimization modes. Furthermore, the book explores the concept of blockchain, hybrid renewable energy models, technologies, and implementation. It also investigates the critical factors and key enablers that influence sustainable development in this field. By doing so, it not only facilitates the transition to a circular economy but also highlights the shift in recent research, trends, and attitudes towards a more scientifically grounded approach.The primary objective of this book is to compile research specifically focused on the circular economy in renewable energy. By providing researchers and policymakers in the energy sector with the necessary scientific methodology and metrics, it enables the development of strategies for a sustainable transition. This book serves as a valuable resource for students, researchers, and practitioners seeking to deepen their understanding of energy planning and the current and future trends of biofuel as an alternative fuel.

​This handbook is a comprehensive source of information, analysis and directions in disaster studies. It goes beyond the oft-explored issues of management and science related to the topic and explores policies, governance, law and decision-making combined with the processes of implementation and enforcement, all the while integrating the latest science and technology updates related to the topic, such as artificial intelligence and early warning systems. It brings together studies which relate to sociology, politics and institutional economics, which work under the impact of resource availability, issues of leadership and international laws. Disasters are trans-boundary and disaster studies are trans-disciplinary. It is this aspect which would form the fulcrum of contributions and present a new, refreshing and innovative design for the handbook. The transformatory pedagogy which started with the Hyogo Framework for action 2005-2015 and The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 outlines seven clear targets and four priorities for action to prevent new and reduce existing disaster risks. The four priority areas around which the book would revolve are (i) Understanding disaster risk; (ii) Strengthening disaster risk governance to manage disaster risk; (iii) Investing in disaster reduction for resilience and; (iv) Enhancing disaster preparedness for effective response, and to'Build Back Better'in recovery, rehabilitation and reconstruction.