Search

Author(s): Thi Truc Quynh Ho [sup.1] , Be Thi Ngoc Nguyen [sup.1] , Ngoc Phuong Hong Nguyen [sup.2] Author Affiliations: (1) https://ror.org/00qaa6j11, grid.440798.6, 0000 0001 0714 1031, Department of Psychology [...], Academic stress is rising among high school students, especially in light of the Covid-19 pandemic, such as social distancing, long-term online learning, and lack of social support. Many studies have also shown that students with high levels of academic stress have a higher risk of depression. However, very few researchers are interested in studying life satisfaction as a moderate factor for the indirect relationship between academic stress and depression. This study investigated whether life satisfaction factors moderate the indirect effect of academic stress on the depressive disorder in Vietnam adolescents. Participants include 1336 Vietnamese adolescents. Participants completed the Educational Stress Scale for Adolescents, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale, and Beck Depression Inventory-II. Moderated mediation analyses were conducted using the PROCESS macro to investigate the relationship among variables. In the relationship between academic stress and depressive disorder in Vietnamese adolescents, resilience is partly mediated; life satisfaction significantly moderated the indirect effect of academic stress on depressive disorder. This study suggests that depressive disorders prevention and intervention practices for adolescents need to consider enhancing resilience and life satisfaction.

In social indicator studies, there is some controversy about the causal direction between subjective well-being and domain-specific satisfaction variables; a 'top-down' approach is distinguished from a 'bottom-up' approach. In this paper, the effects in both directions are estimated in a model with reciprocal relationships as a starting model. It can then be determined which of the two effects for each pair of variables is strongest and which effect can be ignored in the model. This procedure is applied to four different datasets collected in the Netherlands, and to models with different exogenous variables. Comparing the best solutions obtained for all different models and datasets, it is shown that the direction of the effects is not consistent across models and datasets. We have to conclude that it is impossible to obtain a stable solution for the model of subjective well-being in this study. As a consequence, we also have to conclude that the results from other studies cannot be trusted in which the causal order in a model of subjective well-being is tested.

Byline: Maria Fatima Ruiz Paiva (1), Felix Neto (2), Maria Teresa Munoz Sastre (3), Nadine Laumond-Salvatore (4), Sheila Riviere (1), Etienne Mullet (1) Keywords: Satisfaction with life; Domains of life; Portugal; France Abstract: The study was aimed at replicating on a Portuguese sample the seven-factor model of life appraisal (physical autonomy, love life, family life, social life, occupational life, finances, and leisure life) that was suggested by Salvatore and Munoz Sastre Social Indicators Research 53:229--255 (2001). A sample of 1,111 Portuguese participants, aged 17--85, was presented with the Appraisal of Life Questionnaire. The 'domain' model of life appraisal satisfactorily accounted for the data gathered on the Portuguese sample. Regarding finances and occupational life, Portuguese scores were lower than French scores. Regarding the occupational score and the leisure score, a clear linear decrease as a function of age was evidenced in the Portuguese sample. Finally, regarding the family score and the financial score, a non-linear relationship with age was found. An increase was observed from young adult age to adult age, and a decrease was observed from adult age to older age. A strong decrease in the physical autonomy scores among Portuguese females was also observed. Author Affiliation: (1) Institute of Avanced Studies, Quefes 17 bis, 31830, Plaisance du Touch, France (2) University of Porto, 4000, Porto, Portugal (3) Mirail University, Toulouse, France (4) University of Provence, Marseille, France Article History: Registration Date: 27/10/2008 Received Date: 21/05/2008 Accepted Date: 27/10/2008 Online Date: 15/11/2008 Article note: This work was supported by the Cognition and Affectivity Laboratory (University of Porto), the 'Universite de Toulouse' (UTM, CNRS, EPHE), the Ethics and Work Laboratory (EPHE), and the CERPP (Mirail University).

Patient-and family-centered care (PFCC) is a partnership among healthcare professionals, patients, and families that is grounded in mutual respect and is an approach that impacts delivery of care, decision-making, and information sharing. PFCC should be implemented for all, including individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), who experience adverse medical encounters despite increased prevalence and healthcare utilization. Insights into the experiences of families during medical experiences can inform clinical practice by increasing healthcare professionals' understanding of the population. Using a mixed-methods approach, the perspectives of 40 families were analyzed. The themes include barriers and opportunities to improve upon the delivery of PFCC, which help to advance healthcare interactions and inform solution-based initiatives to facilitate medical visits that may benefit all patients., (© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)

Children with developmental disabilities require more medical experiences than typically-developing children and struggle to cooperate with healthcare encounters. Adaptive care plans, delivered by child life specialists, are individualized patient-centered plans created to address the challenges that children with developmental disabilities experience. The current study evaluated if adaptive care plans affect the psychosocial outcomes of children with ASD compared to those with other developmental disabilities. One-hundred and sixty children between 3 and 18 years of age (child's M age  = 8.10, SD = 3.75) participated. Although children with developmental disabilities who had adaptive care plans did not generally experience less psychosocial distress; children with ASD who had adaptive care plans experienced fewer challenges with anxiety and coping compared to children with ASD who did not have adaptive care plans., (© 2020. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)

Introduction Theoretical models and frameworks can be used to guide strategic planning of agencies, organizations and institutions. Three theoretical health models--life course perspective, social determinants of health, and health equity--have [...], Life course perspective, social determinants of health, and health equity have been combined into one comprehensive model, the life course model (LCM), for strategic planning by US Health Resources and Services Administration's Maternal and Child Health Bureau. The purpose of this project was to describe a faculty development process; identify strategies for incorporation of the LCM into nutrition leadership education and training at the graduate and professional levels; and suggest broader implications for training, research, and practice. Nineteen representatives from 6 MCHB-funded nutrition leadership education and training programs and 10 federal partners participated in a one-day session that began with an overview of the models and concluded with guided small group discussions on how to incorporate them into maternal and child health (MCH) leadership training using obesity as an example. Written notes from group discussions were compiled and coded emergently. Content analysis determined the most salient themes about incorporating the models into training. Four major LCM-related themes emerged, three of which were about training: (1) incorporation by training grants through LCM-framed coursework and experiences for trainees, and similarly framed continuing education and skills development for professionals; (2) incorporation through collaboration with other training programs and state and community partners, and through advocacy; and (3) incorporation by others at the federal and local levels through policy, political, and prevention efforts. The fourth theme focused on anticipated challenges of incorporating the model in training. Multiple methods for incorporating the LCM into MCH training and practice are warranted. Challenges to incorporating include the need for research and related policy development. Keywords Life course * Social determinants of health * Health equity * Nutrition * Maternal and child health

In this paper a model of life satisfaction measurement is formulated to calculate happiness interdependencies. The model is applied to estimate the spill-over effects of migraine headache on well-being. It is found that women are more compassionate than men. The results also show that ignoring happiness interdependencies of migraine headache underestimates the effects of migraine headache on well-being. KEY WORDS: happiness interdependence, life-satisfaction, migraine, willingness to pay

A well-established and widely used correlative climate-vegetation model (Holdridge Life Zone model) was compared to three mechanistic simulation models (BIOME2, Dynamic Global Phytogeography Model (DOLY), and Mapped Atmosphere-Plant-Soil System (MAPSS)) for the conterminous United States under contemporary climate and a set of future climates prescribed by three Global Circulation Model experiments. Output from the mechanistic models were from the Vegetation/Ecosystem Modeling and Analysis Project (VEMAP) intercomparison. Holdridge modeling approaches, using a 'Simple' implementation (vegetation distribution based on biotemperature and precipitation alone) or a 'Full' implementation (vegetation distribution based on biotemperature, precipitation, altitudinal region, latitudinal belt, and transitional vegetation zones), represented current potential natural U.S. vegetation poor to fair, respectively. The more sophisticated mechanistic models were superior at reproducing potential vegetation under current climate compared to Holdridge, although there was significant variability among these models. The Holdridge implementations generally showed similar or greater climate sensitivity with respect to spatial redistribution of vegetation compared to the mechanistic models run both with and without doubled CO(sub 2) levels; however, the sensitivity of the Holdridge model depended on the implementation. Reduced sensitivity of the mechanistic models arises from direct (physiological) CO(sub 2) effects and other compensating feedbacks not captured by the Holdridge model. The greater degree of physical realism in the mechanistic models makes them the model class of choice for climate impact assessment. However, under circumstances of limited data availability, computation resources, and access to mechanistic models and model expertise, simple correlational models such as Holdridge may be the only method that can be applied. The paper makes some recommendations on the use of the Holdridge model for impact assessment if it is the only available model.

Health care has as primary objectives extending life expectancy and improving quality of life in years prior to death. This paper offers a General Health Policy Model as a method for quantifying these outcomes. The model adjusts life expectancy for diminished quality of life, which is measured using a standardized instrument known as the Quality of Well-being (QWB) scale. The Well-year or Quality Adjusted Life Year (QALY) results from these analyses and serves as a single quantitative expression of health benefit. QALY units integrate side effects and benefits of treatment by combining into a single number, mortality, morbidity, and duration of each health state. Examples show the application of the model relevant to a variety of medical and public health problems, including diabetes, arthritis, AIDS, neonatal circumcision, and tobacco tax. It is suggested that the General Health Policy Model has advantages for guiding both individual and public health decisions.

Little is known about the long-term impact of reproductive experiences on women's lives. This paper uses questionnaire data collected from 107 white female college graduates, when they were approximately 47 years old. More than half the sample had experienced at least one type of reproductive difficulty (abortion, miscarriage, or infertility). The stress and coping model of life difficulties (Lazarus & Folkman, 1984) was used to examine the relationship between the women's reproductive difficulties and emotional sequelae, politicization, and orientation to motherhood at midlife. As predicted, emotional responses to the reproductive difficulties varied according to the particular nature of each experience. In addition, women who had abortions and no other difficulties were more politicized at midlife than other women. Women whose reproductive experiences were especially likely to arouse feelings of not being in control of their life (those who had miscarriages or infertility) described a more agentic orientation to motherhood when compared with other women.

This article argues that love and care, and more specifically, the hope of a new world, were central to the ethos of the US Civil Rights movement of the late 1960s and the decolonial projects inspired by it. Starting from the work of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. and other central activists of the era, this article explores how hope guided their visionary work. This article examines what differentiates the forms of hope deployed by civil rights activists and those of more recent US nationalist movements. This piece also traces the work of US third-wave feminists in creating a theory around radical hope, and the creation of what I define as a standpoint of hope: a type of consciousness that rejects the consumption of hope for selfish purposes and promotes a style of life that looks after the most vulnerable beyond one's own group. As the article explains, hope works multi-dimensionally, as it can help people navigate their everyday struggles, envision a different outcome, and critically analyze their own history and experiences of oppression., Author(s): William A. Calvo-Quirós [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) https://ror.org/00jmfr291, grid.214458.e, 0000 0004 1936 7347, University of Michigan, , 3642 Haven Hall, 48109-1045, Ann Arbor, MI, USA 'Each time a man [...]

Depression is the most common and influential psychological disorder among college students. This study constructed a chain mediation model to test whether negative core schemas and interpersonal sensitivity play mediating roles in adult attachment and depressive symptoms. A total of 457 participants were recruited from three universities in Central China. They completed the Experiences in Close Relationship Scale, Brief Core Schema Scale, Short-Form Interpersonal Sensitivity Measure, and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. The results showed: (1) There were significant positive correlations between attachment anxiety/avoidance and symptoms of depression; (2) College students' depressive symptoms were influenced by attachment anxiety and avoidance through three pathways: the mediating role of negative core schemas, the mediating role of interpersonal sensitivity, and the chain-mediating role of both negative core schemas and interpersonal sensitivity. These findings provide preliminary data to support future research on the internal mechanisms through which adult attachment affects depressive symptoms from integrative and cognitive interpersonal perspectives. This research also suggests that universities should identify college students with attachment anxiety/avoidance at an early stage and provide timely interventions to reduce negative core schemas and interpersonal sensitivity, thus minimizing future depressive symptoms., Author(s): Yan Liu [sup.1] , Peiyu Zhou [sup.1] , Jianwen Chen [sup.2] , Cong Peng [sup.2] , Yaojin Li [sup.2] , Qingxia He [sup.3] Author Affiliations: (1) https://ror.org/02m9vrb24, grid.411429.b, 0000 [...]

This study investigated the relationship between the emotional use of music and subjective well-being in older Chinese adults. Specifically, it examined how the emotionally adaptive functions of music mediate the relationship between the emotional use of music and subjective well-being moderated by perceived stress. The participants were 347 Chinese men and women aged 60 years or older. The moderated mediating effect was analyzed using PROCESS Macro 3.5 Model 15. Results revealed that the use of music was positively correlated with the emotionally adaptive functions of music and the subjective well-being of older adults. Perceived stress was negatively correlated with subjective well-being, but it was not significantly correlated with the emotional use of music and emotionally adaptive functions of music in senescence. The emotionally adaptive functions of music were positively correlated with subjective well-being. In a moderated mediating model, there was a significant interaction effect between the use of music and perceived stress on life satisfaction. However, the emotionally adaptive functions of music could not mediate the relationship between the use of music and the life satisfaction of older adults, regardless of the level of perceived stress. These findings suggest that, although its effects may differ depending on the level of perceived stress, the use of music can promote emotionally adaptive functions of music and lead to life satisfaction among older adults who were experiencing stress., Author(s): Jie Wang [sup.1] , Kyung Hyun Suh [sup.2] Author Affiliations: (1) https://ror.org/04z3jpx43, grid.443539.c, 0000 0000 9613 6041, School of Music Education, Zhejiang Conservatory of Music, , 1 Zheyin Road, [...]

Author(s): Dorota Macik [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.37179.3b, 0000 0001 0664 8391, Institute of Psychology, John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, , Al. Raclawickie 14, 20-950, Lublin, Poland Introduction [...], Jeffrey Young assumes that people suffering from personality disorders differ from healthy ones in schema modes intensity but not diversity. Besides, healthy people also present behaviours typical for personality disorders, but to a lesser extent. However, research lacks the interrelationships between modes, especially in healthy individuals. The presented study aimed to investigate the mutual relations between the schema modes using path analysis to understand better problematic behaviour in borderline and narcissistic types in a non-clinical sample and to verify Young assumption about the continuum of the schema modes. A sample of 467 healthy adults aged 18-50 (M = 32.87, SD = 10.56), 52.9% of whom were women, completed SMI 1.1 and SCID-II. Descriptive statistics, matrix of correlation and structural equation modelling were used. Results confirmed the significance of the theoretically assumed and previously empirically proved schema modes also for healthy people. The most important modes for both borderline and narcissistic behaviours are the Punitive Parent, the Angry Child and the Enraged Child modes. For borderline behaviour, the Detached Protector coping mode, connected to a sense of emptiness, is significant. Narcissistic behaviour relates to Bully and Attack, and Self-Aggrandiser modes and is connected to aggressive and dominant behaviour. The obtained models explain 47% of the variance in borderline and 44% in narcissistic behaviours. The study indicates the validity of analysing the modes among people with lower intensity of behaviours typical for personality disorders and also confirms Young's assumptions about the universality of schema modes. Results are discussed in the context of their relevance for practitioners.

Author(s): Oliver Robinson [sup.1] , Amy Fisher [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) https://ror.org/00bmj0a71, grid.36316.31, 0000 0001 0806 5472, School of Human Sciences, University of Greenwich, , SE10 9LS, London, UK Approximately [...], The study explored the personal experiences of individuals making the decision to move an older parent into a residential care facility via retrospective narrative. It aimed to gain an understanding of how individuals experienced this transition, the emotions they felt at specific moments throughout the transition, and the perceived effect it had on their psychological wellbeing. 13 semi-structured video interviews were conducted online with individuals who had been active in the decision of moving an older parent into a care home or nursing home. The data was analysed using thematic analysis, along with relational analysis to explore relations between themes. Findings informed 8 different themes, which were subsumed under three meta-themes of The Decision Process, Conflicting Emotions and Reflective Evaluation. It was found that the decision was recalled as a complex and often stressful negotiation between multiple stakeholders, that emotions ranged from grief to guilt and relief, and that reflections emphasised the positive that had come out of the transition. The results from this study provide valuable insights into the uniqueness of this transition from the perspective of relatives and the range of emotions experienced at different stages of the transition.

Author(s): Jantje H. de Vries [sup.1] , K. T. Horstmann [sup.2] , P. Mussel [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) https://ror.org/046ak2485, grid.14095.39, 0000 0000 9116 4836, Division for Personality Psychology and Psychological [...], Actions taken by governments to counteract the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic led to profound restrictions in daily lives, especially for adolescents and young adults, with closed schools and universities, travel restrictions, and reduction in social contacts. The purpose of the current study is to investigate the development of life satisfaction with assessments before and during the pandemic, including separate measurement occasions during a strict lockdown and when the implemented restrictions were relaxed again. Data are based on the German Personality Panel (GePP) with 1,920 young adults, assessed on four measurement occasions over a period of three years. Using latent change score modeling, we investigate the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic with respect to its perception as a critical life event over time. Further, we examine the influence of self-efficacy on change in life-satisfaction, as the belief in one's innate abilities has been shown to promote health related behavior and buffers against effects of negatively perceived critical life events. While average life satisfaction remained stable across time, we found a main effect of perceived positive valence and self-efficacy on latent change in life satisfaction at the within person level. Expressions of self-efficacy did not moderate the influence of the perception of the pandemic on self-reported life satisfaction. This study provides an important contribution to the recent COVID-19 literature as well as to the debate on stability and change of self-reported life satisfaction.

Author(s): Tali Te'eni Harari [sup.1] , Yaron Sela [sup.2] , Liad Bareket-Bojmel [sup.3] Author Affiliations: (1) https://ror.org/00ge2jh15, grid.443146.0, 0000 0004 0366 8591, School of Business Administration, Peres Academic Center, , [...], In the current study we seek to examine the difference between Generation Z and Generation X in terms of coping with a global crisis (COVID-19), specifically regarding resilience in times of crisis, personal values and attitudes during that time. Based on the theory of generations, we aimed to explore whether different generations have different levels of resilience, values and attitudes during the global crisis. Data were gathered in a cross-sectional study; 958 participants participated, divided into two age-groups: 508 participants of Generation Z (ages ranged between 18-24; 53.9% males [Age: M = 21.05, SD = 1.96]; 46.1% females [Age: M = 21.14, SD = 1.83]), and 205 participants of Generation X (ages ranged between 40-50; 54.2% males [Age: M = 45.16, SD = 3.15]; 45.8% females [Age: M = 45.23, SD = 3.01]). It was found that members of Generation Z (Gen Z) were less resilient. Also, Gen Z members had higher levels of openness to change, and self-enhancement as compared to Generation X (Gen X). In addition, Gen Z were found to be more positive in their attitudes toward flexible learning but no differences between the generations were found as for flexible work. Both generation members had the similar attitudes towards online consumption. Despite the magnitude and significance of the crisis, the main values of each generation remained unchanged in many respects, but attitudes of both generations are positive towards hybrid work and consumption.

Author(s): Kingsley I. John [sup.1] [sup.2] , Martins O. Omorogie [sup.3] [sup.4] [sup.5] , Aderemi T. Adeleye [sup.6] , Ajibola A. Bayode [sup.3] , Brigitte Helmreich [sup.5] Author Affiliations: (1) [...], The widespread distribution and environmental impact of microplastics (MPs) have been a global challenge for several decades. There is an increasing interest in the dissemination, impact, and determination of MPs in the environment. Some reviews have emphasized the cause and effect of MPs, while others have reported on analytical techniques for their identification and quantification. However, there is still a research gap in the global distribution-impact evaluation of MPs. This review highlights the global distribution of MPs and their effects on humans and the ecosystem. Furthermore, we have classified the analytical techniques for the identification and quantification of MPs into three groups: traditional, post-traditional, and advanced. Having addressed the global distribution-impact analysis, we also presented some possible approaches for the removal of MPs including degradation and the use of biodegradable plastic substitutes. Lastly, we suggested perspectives for improving analyses, coverage, and sustainable approach toward MPs pollution control.

Author(s): Cuicui Wang [sup.1] [sup.2] [sup.3] [sup.4] , Xiang Lu [sup.5] , Daoyang Wang [sup.6] [sup.7] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.460074.1, 0000 0004 1784 6600, Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, [...], It is important to investigate whether subjective health mediated the relationship between personality and life satisfaction, and whether the rural-to-urban migration experience moderated this relationship via subjective health. The findings could inform ways to promote subjective health and improve life satisfaction for rural-to-urban migrant adolescents and young adults. However, few studies have examined these research questions, and the present study therefore investigated them. Participants were recruited from six high schools and universities, and were selected randomly at each school using the cluster random sampling method. A total of 943 Chinese adolescents and young adults participated in the study (17.18 ± 1.76 years old; 415 with rural-to-urban migration experience and 528 without migration experience). The NEO-Five-Factor inventory, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, and subjective health complaints were implemented. The results showed that subjective health was significantly correlated with both personality and life satisfaction. In addition, subjective health mediated the relationship between personality and life satisfaction. Moderated mediation analysis further indicated that the direct and indirect relationships between personality and life satisfaction were moderated by the rural-to-urban migration experience. The indirect effect of the extraversion dimension of personality on life satisfaction via subjective health was weaker for rural-to-urban migrant adolescents than for nonmigrant adolescents and young adults. In summary, subjective health mediated the relationship between personality and life satisfaction; further, the rural-to-urban migration experience moderated the relationship between personality and life satisfaction via subjective health, which fills the knowledge gaps.

Author(s): T. A. Meridian McDonald [sup.1] , Salima Lalani [sup.1] , Ivy Chen [sup.1] [sup.2] , Claire M. Cotton [sup.1] , Lydia MacDonald [sup.1] , Lana J. Boursoulian [sup.1] , [...], Published self-determination programs do not adequately address the needs of autistic adults. We designed a multi-component self-determination program, grounded in the neurodiversity paradigm, to help autistic adults achieve goals to improve their quality of life. The first phase involved 5 days of psychoeducation, practice, and social events; the second phase included 3 months of telecoaching; and the third phase included follow-up. Thirty-four university students coached 31 autistic adults on three evolving goals. On average, participants completed one goal per week. Most participants were satisfied with the program. We found that the program was appropriate, acceptable, and feasible. This program is a promising approach to helping autistic adults gain self-determination skills and improve their quality of life.

Author(s): Thorben Grubert [sup.1] , Josephina Steuber [sup.1] , Timo Meynhardt [sup.1] [sup.2] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.461621.6, 0000 0001 0728 9327, Dr. Arend Oetker Chair of Business Psychology and Leadership, [...], We investigate whether an organization's social contribution is associated with positive consequences for both the organization and its employees by building on the growing body of research that aims to bridge the gap between micro-level and macro-level phenomena. Specifically, we theorize and empirically show that public value can increase the engagement of employees, while employee engagement mediates the effect of public value on job satisfaction, affective commitment, life satisfaction, and intention to quit. To test our hypotheses, we conduct a large-scale representative online survey (N = 1383). We use organizational public value as a comprehensive conceptualization of the social contribution of organizations and measure employee engagement by creating and validating a German-language version of Shuck et al.'s (2017a) employee engagement scale. Our findings indicate that both external and internal benefits for the organization and its employees may need to be considered when an organization decides on how to balance or integrate profit and social contribution. Additionally, we demonstrate that the experiences of employees regarding not only their work role but also their role as members of their organization, i.e., their perception of their organization's public value, are relevant for a more comprehensive understanding of what affects and engages employees.

Author(s): Sabina J. Barszcz [sup.1] , Anna M. Oleszkowicz [sup.1] , Olga Bak [sup.1] , Aleksandra M. Slowinska [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.8505.8, 0000 0001 1010 5103, Department of Historical [...], Degradation of the environment is a serious global problem and its solution depends mostly on the people's willingness to change their destructive actions towards nature. Therefore, it is necessary to develop effective methods that would help reinforce the pro-environmental behaviors (PEB). In order to achieve that one should firstly provide a detailed explanation regarding the psychological determinants of such destructive behaviors. The main goal of this study was to investigate if and what connection exists between types of regulations (amotivation, extrinsic motivation, introjection, identification, integration, intrinsic motivation), the life goals (intrinsic and extrinsic) with the accordance to the Self-Determined Theory and the personal beliefs about the importance of the changes in the natural environment, and the frequency of pro-environmental behaviors. We conducted a questionnaire survey and target group consisted of adolescents and emerging adults from Poland (N = 261), 15-30 years old. Correlation and regression analysis were used to verify the hypotheses. Structural equation modeling was also carried out. The obtained results show that introjection, identification, and integration, intrinsic and extrinsic life goals, as well as the belief about the importance of the changes in the environment can be used to significantly explain 45% of the variability of pro-environmental behavior. Said results have both theoretical and practical implications.

Author(s): Louise Higgins [sup.1] , Arlene Mannion [sup.1] , June L. Chen [sup.2] , Geraldine Leader [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.6142.1, 0000 0004 0488 0789, Irish Centre for Autism and [...], This study explored the adaptation of parents raising a child with an Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) specifically the contributory role of positive perceptions, coping, self-efficacy, and social support. One hundred and thirty-six parents of children with a diagnosis of ASD completed a battery of self-report questionnaires via an online survey. Using multiple regression analyses positive perceptions, adaptive coping, self-efficacy, and social support were each a significant contributor to one or more positive adaptation outcomes. Multiple moderated regression analysis found no evidence that these factors were significant moderators between behavioural problems and parental adaptation. The implications of these findings in supporting parents raising a child with ASD are outlined.

Author(s): Shannon Gottschall [sup.1] , Eva Guérin [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.461959.6, 0000 0001 0943 0128, Department of National Defence, , 60 Moodie Drive, K1A OK2, Ottawa, ON, Canada Resilience [...], Research on resilience to adversity/stress in the military has typically involved samples of predominantly Army members and focused on individual-level factors. The current study examined a broader range of organizational and non-organizational risk and resilience factors linked to mental health and well-being in hard sea occupations managed by the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN). An electronic survey was administered to a stratified random sample of 930 members in hard sea occupations. Most of the weighted sample were male non-commissioned members of the Regular Force, and just over half were serving on-ship at the time of survey administration. Multivariate linear regressions identified correlates of psychological distress, life satisfaction, and burnout. Many of the organizational factors (e.g., workload, work-family conflict) were significantly associated with burnout, while final regression models for the broader outcomes of psychological distress and life satisfaction included a smaller set of organizational variables, as well as other risk and resilience factors extending beyond the workplace (e.g., social support, mastery). The findings also suggested a moderating effect of reward on the association between job stress and psychological distress and differences in the relationships among variables for those serving on-ship versus in a land-based unit. These results highlight the need for research that accounts for the unique experiences of navy personnel, and the need to consider a broad range of risk and resilience factors. Maximizing these resilience factors and/or reducing these risk factors may enhance mental health and well-being among navy personnel.

Scientific theories differ in their ultimate and proximate explanations (Mayr, 1961; Tadinac, 2020; Tinbergen, 1963). Ultimate explanations are functional--concerned with the evolutionary origins and survival value over generations of some [...], Two theories of the attachment behavior system are reviewed in terms of the evolutionary and organismic mechanisms they propose. The life history theory of attachment (LHTA) maintains that the system is an evolved module comprised of adaptive strategies--the organized attachment patterns (secure, insecure-anxious, and insecure-avoidant). These manifest in early childhood depending on the harshness and unpredictability of caretaking environment. The more recently proposed biobehavioral-cultural model of attachment (BCMA) challenges the modularity claim. It suggests that the attachment system is responsive to reward uncertainty in a manner consistent with schedule-induced behavior--a behavior class subcortically mediated with evolutionary origins in foraging. New ideas are proposed for understanding attachment patterns within the context of verbal behavior development. Keywords Attachment * Evolution * Culture * Reinforcement schedules

Author(s): Inna Reddy Edara [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.256105.5, 0000 0004 1937 1063, Graduate Institute of Educational Leadership & Development, Fu Jen Catholic University, , No. 510, Zhongzheng Road, Xinzhuang [...], Although decades of economic growth in many parts of the world have created materially abundant societies, their ability to meet the subjective well-being needs and decrease the psychological distress of people is far from reality. Given that a greater emphasis is being placed on the social, environmental, and governmental factors that promote well-being and decrease distress, and considering that Taiwan is not an exception in this regard, this research project made use of the data from the national survey to investigate the role of social, civic, and governmental aspects in the life satisfaction and psychological distress of people in Taiwan. In addition to suggesting significant correlations, regression analyses indicated that the predictor variables significantly contributed to life satisfaction and psychological distress. Confidence in the government was the strongest predictor of life satisfaction, whereas the lack of healthy relationships was the strongest contributor to distress. These significant results suggest the importance of the role of both social dimensions and democratic government in mitigating distress and enhancing the life satisfaction of its citizens.

Author(s): Amanda Wuth [sup.1] [sup.2] , Sandeep Mishra [sup.2] [sup.3] , Shadi Beshai [sup.1] , Justin Feeney [sup.3] [sup.4] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.57926.3f, 0000 0004 1936 9131, Department of Psychology, [...], Cognitive models of psychopathology propose that early developmental environments give rise to cognitive schemas and distortions, which color our interpretations of the world. Evolutionary theorizing suggests that developmental environments have far-reaching consequences for behavior. Accordingly, we examined associations between self-reportedunpredictable and harsh early developmental environments, positive and maladaptive schemas, and cognitive distortions (n = 257). Results indicated thatunpredictable and harsh childhood environments were associated with greater maladaptive schemas and cognitive distortions, and fewer positive schemas. Path analyses suggested that a model of unpredictable and harsh environments leading to maladaptive schemas and cognitive distortions had excellent statistical fit. Taken together, these results suggest early developmental environments have important influence on adult cognition. These results are the first to demonstrate that childhood unpredictability is associated with cognitive schemas and distortions. Our findings have direct implications for understanding schema development and may have consequences for schema therapy.

Author(s): Bianca L. Kahl [sup.1] , Phillip S. Kavanagh [sup.1] [sup.2] , David H. Gleaves [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.1026.5, 0000 0000 8994 5086, University of South Australia, Justice and [...], The life history model of psychopathology provides an alternate framework for understanding the development and etiology of psychopathology; however, presently there is minimal empirical support for this perspective. The current study (N = 343) replicated and extended previous research, investigating the associations between life history traits, including demographic indicators, attachment, and psychopathology, in a mental health and general population sample. The study specifically aimed to explore whether life history traits were associated with a general factor of psychopathology or whether they could also predict specific symptom groups, with results suggesting that life history traits could predict both. Furthermore, results revealed that people who expressed faster life history traits reported elevated general psychopathology; however, symptoms were in fact associated with traits of both slow and fast life history strategies. Specifically, interpersonal sensitivity and depression were experienced at higher rates for people who express higher levels of traits reflective of a faster life history strategy; whereas, somatization and anxiety were experienced at higher rates for people who express more traits typical of a slower strategy. Interestingly, paranoid ideation was experienced at higher rates for males who express faster life history traits. This research has several theoretical and practical implications, in replicating and extending previous studies, providing insight into psychopathological symptomatology, including variation in individuals' risks for developing a range of mental disorders.