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This book covers the broad aspects of disaster legislation, governance, and their implementation. The book also includes in-depth reviews and new data, based on case studies across the globe, involving multidisciplinary research. In addition, the book suggests specific policies and action measures to enhance the implementation of disaster legislation for the resilience of people and local governments. Disaster law is the core to disaster risk management. The legal framework not only provides the government an instrument to take actions before, during, and after a disaster, but it also helps in recovery process. The legislative measures provide certain levels of guidance to different stakeholders such as national governments, local governments, civil societies, and more importantly citizens. The legal provision gives people and communities certain obligations as well as responsibilities to act during or before disasters. Over the last several years, there has been new disaster laws formulated in many countries, and revisions have been made to adjust the existing disaster laws to be more effective. Although it is important to have governance provision of disaster law, its implementation is essential.

The book on acid soils offers a thorough analysis of the degree of soil acidity at the global level, information on the biota, chemistry, and behaviour of acid soils, as well as the mechanisms by which plants tolerate soil acidity. It also offers crop management strategies that make effective use of amendments and acid soil-specific crop management practices. Crop output, forest health, and aquatic life all suffer from acidic soil. The main causes are the toxicity of aluminium (Al) and/or manganese (Mn), as well as the deficiencies of calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), phosphorus (P), and molybdenum (Mo), to a lesser extent. Lack of calcium affects the health and integrity of cells, which lowers agricultural yield and quality. To achieve the highest crop productivity, management options have been provided. All concerned will find this book of great assistance in solving the global food crisis in a sustainable manner.

This contributed volume presents the latest in research on geographies of the Indian Subcontinent, with a focus on innovative technologies and methodologies such as machine learning, remote sensing, geographic information systems, and more. The cases presented in this volume offer novel research that advances our understanding of the Indian Subcontinent in integrated and interdisciplinary manner. The book is split into three distinct sections. The first covers field observations and experiment design. The second examines applications of geospatial technologies and modelling techniques. The last section highlights cases of translating this research into concrete policy. The techniques described here and the lessons learned from the cases presented are transferrable to problems in geography across the globe, and the book is targeted towards young professors, scholars, and researchers interested in the emerging techniques being applied to research in the field of geography and allied disciplines.

This book comprises the proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Hydraulics, Water Resources, River and Coastal Engineering (HYDRO 2023) focusing on broad spectrum of emerging opportunities and challenges in the field of hydraulics and fluid mechanics. It covers a range of topics, including, but not limited to, experimental and computational fluid mechanics, sediment dynamics, environmental impact assessment of water resources projects, environmental flows, pollutant transport, etc. Presenting recent advances in the form of illustrations, tables, and text, it offers readers insights for their own research. In addition, the book addresses fundamental concepts and studies in the field of flood forecasting and hydraulic structures, making it a valuable resource for both beginners and researchers wanting to further their understanding of hydraulics, water resources and coastal engineering.

This open access book is a proceeding of the International Conference on Urban Climate, Sustainability, and Urban Design in Mianyang (MYUCSUD). This work focuses on the latest thoughts, ideas, models, methods, solutions, and practices on urban climate mitigation and adaptation through sustainable planning and design, covering interdisciplinary topics in architecture, urban-rural planning, meteorology, building and construction engineering, material engineering, geographic sciences, public health, public administration, computer sciences, etc. This book can provide students and researchers from urban planning, urban design, urban meteorology, civil and construction engineering and urban governance with better understanding of urban climate sciences, innovative ideas, and tangible solutions.

The book provides information on the observational aspects of the severe storms through satellite, radar, aircraft, and ground based network of stations and these issues are discussed in the first part of the book consisting of 8 chapters. The numerical modelling and data assimilation techniques are discussed in the second part of the book aimed at development of Early Warning Systems (12 chapters) and finally the outlook of the severe storms in a changing climate scenario, their socio-economic impacts and policies for disaster mitigation are discussed in the third part of the book consisting of 6 chapters. This book is of great interest to atmospheric scientists and other researchers, practitioners, policy and decision makers, international institutions, governmental and non-governmental organizations, educators, as well as students.

This is an open access book. Unique in its scope, this book provides for the first time a Southern European perspective on prehistoric wetland settlements and their natural environment. These are dwellings originally built in humid locations, i.e. on shores and in shallow water areas of lakes, bogs, marshes, rivers, estuaries and lagoons. The relevant archaeological remains are in most cases waterlogged and offer outstanding preservation conditions for organic materials and are moreover in close proximity to uninterrupted natural archives (e.g. lake or mire sediments), which allows for a broad range of transdisciplinary research approaches. The sites discussed in this book date from the Neolithic and the Bronze Age (c. 5500–1000 BC), and are located in nine countries of Southern Europe, i.e. Spain, France, Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, North Macedonia, Albania, Greece and Bulgaria. Four dimensions of prehistoric wetland settlements are explored in the book – the archaeological, the dendroarchaeological, the palaeoecological and the bioarchaeological: Part I is dedicated to archaeology, i.e. the excavation of settlement remains, their transdisciplinary exploration as well as their interpretation; Part II deals with dendroarchaeology and its contribution to the understanding of occupation sequences and regional chronologies; and Part III concerns uninterrupted off-site palaeoecological records of past ecosystem change, including human–environment interactions, as well as bioarchaeological on-site approaches to subsistence strategies and land use practices. Prehistoric Wetland sites of Southern Europe showcases how different disciplines and areas of expertise from the humanities and the natural sciences meet on an equal footing to elaborate coherent pictures of the past. Besides a cross-section of research statuses of different archaeological sites, currently ongoing research as well as novel, hitherto unpublished case studies and findings are made accessible to the international research community. Drawing on a wide range of expert contributions from both archaeology and the natural sciences, this book targets scholars, professionals, and students from the fields of prehistoric archaeology and palaeo-sciences, and is furthermore of interest to cultural-heritage stakeholders.

This book presents the select proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Hydraulics, Water Resources, River and Coastal Engineering (HYDRO 2023) focusing on broad spectrum of emerging opportunities and challenges in the field of flood forecasting and hydraulic structures. It covers a range of topics, including early warning system, urban flood modelling and management, dam hazard classification, river training and protection works, and structural and non-structural measures for flood mitigation, assessment, and development of flood vulnerability. The book also presents latest developments in topics such as hazard and risk maps rehabilitation of old dams, streamflow turbines, canal operation and related structure, and operation and management of dams, including their instrumentation. Presenting recent advances in the form of illustrations, tables, and text, it offers readers insights for their own research. In addition, the book addresses fundamental concepts and studies in the field of flood forecasting and hydraulic structures, making it a valuable resource for both beginners and researchers wanting to further their understanding of hydraulics, water resources, and coastal engineering.

This book highlights current efforts and research on pollution management and advanced technology for pollution treatment. It presents an overview of various aspects of environmental pollution, including water resources management in minimizing the pollution effect. Recent achievements in air pollution monitoring and control including sustainable urban design are also discussed. Chapters in the book also focus on tackling food waste disposal and advanced techniques on pollution treatment. The book concludes with a discussion of a special case study on Malaysian agricultural industry efforts to tackle pollution.

The Handbook of Insurance reviews the last fifty years of research developments in insurance economics and its related fields. A single reference source for professors, researchers, graduate students, regulators, consultants, and practitioners, the book starts with the history and foundations of risk and insurance theory, followed by a review of prevention and precaution, asymmetric information, insurance fraud, risk management, insurance pricing, new financial innovations, reinsurance, corporate governance, capital allocation, securitization, systemic risk, insurance regulation, the industrial organization of insurance markets, and other insurance market applications. The new edition covers many topics that have risen in importance since the 2nd edition, such as climate risk, pandemic risk, insurtech, digital insurance, cyber risk, behavioral economics, Solvency II, corporate governance, enterprise risk management, and machine learning. This edition of the Handbook contains 17 new chapters. Each of the chapters is written by leading international authorities in risk and insurance research. All contributions are peer reviewed, and each chapter can be read independently of the others. It is a tour de force to provide to the insurance industry and its stakeholders a structured, complete, intelligent and critical synthesis of insurance economics in the twenty-first century. This is what you have in your hands. This third edition of the Handbook of Insurance should be the bible to anyone who wants to have a deep understanding of the complex challenges faced by insurance and reinsurance markets to create the large social value of risk sharing and risk diversification. Christian Gollier, Director of the Toulouse School of Economics This collective work not only offers a remarkable synthesis of cutting-edge research in insurance economics but also provides a rare resource, both comprehensive and authoritative, for professionals seeking a deeper understanding of insurance industry fundamentals and emerging trends. The content of the Handbook reflects the richness and dynamics of the field and underlines the many facets involved in better understanding how insurance works and contributes to society. Jad Ariss, Managing director, The Geneva Association

This book presents select proceedings of the International Conference on Sustainable Infrastructure: Innovations, Challenges, and Opportunities 2023 (SIIOC 2023). The topics covered include road user safety and traffic mitigation for sustainable highways, transportation geotechnics, design and construction approaches for green highways, water and wastewater treatment, sustainable cities, and challenges in the management of water resources. This book serves as a resource material for budding researchers and industry professionals interested in developing solutions for sustainable infrastructure.

Over the last decades waves of deindustrialization have swept across European countries leaving potential consequences across cities, regions, and countries. Once prosperous and advancing communities have suddenly found themselves in need to search for new development models and ways to secure their social sustainability and urban functioning. This book explores the future of cities and regions in a post-industrial world. In particular, it looks at the socio-spatial implications of industrial transformation on urban change from demographic, educational, and environmental perspective; assesses potential ways move urban landscapes forward in a post-industrial society; and looks for methods of promoting environmental sustainability in a post-industrial landscape. Featuring insights and findings from research and experiences of The European University of Cities in Post-Industrial Transition (UNIC) member universities, this book is not only beneficial for academic and scholars, but also provides practical guidance to policy makers and practitioners.

This book offers a thorough examination of the revolutionary capabilities of quantum computing in the context of Industry 6.0, with a specific emphasis on its use in disaster management. The aim of this proposed book is to clarify how quantum computing, in conjunction with other Industry 6.0 technologies, might profoundly transform our comprehension, preparedness, and response to natural disasters. In the era of Industry 6.0, there is a pressing need for creative solutions to tackle the increasing difficulties caused by natural disasters. This proposed book explores the distinctive characteristics and capacities of quantum computing that make it especially suitable for improving disaster management procedures. The proposed book examines the potential of quantum algorithms to enhance resource allocation, enhance forecasting precision, and facilitate real-time decision-making in the context of rapidly changing crisis scenarios. This proposed book proposes a comprehensive strategy for catastrophe management that is adaptable, robust, and efficient by utilizing quantum computing in conjunction with other advanced technologies. This proposed book offers a comprehensive analysis of the specific ways in which quantum computing can be utilized in different areas of disaster management. It covers topics such as risk assessment, early warning systems, and infrastructure resilience. By examining real-world case studies and examples, readers can acquire valuable insights into the practical implementation and effectiveness of quantum-powered crisis management solutions, showcasing their potential impact. This proposed book acknowledges the ethical consequences of implementing sophisticated technologies in disaster management. It focuses on important ethical and societal factors, including data privacy, algorithmic bias, and fair access to technology. The aim is to ensure that quantum-powered solutions prioritize ethical principles and cater to the requirements of all communities. This proposed book provides readers with a clear understanding of the potential areas for future study, innovation, and collaboration in the field of quantum-powered crisis management systems.

Even though frequent disaster losses occur in rural and agricultural areas, a substantial number of the prevailing disaster research has focused on urban areas, often failing to notice rural populations, communities, and rural development as a whole. It is critical to assess how the needs and vulnerabilities in rural communities impact the creation of resilience, especially in countries with a large area under rural regions. For disaster managers, rural areas present different opportunities and challenges from their urban counterparts. Rural communities'position after a disaster is different from that of urban communities. Efficient DRR (disaster risk reduction) is the key to sustainable rural development. Disasters can cause human and animal life loss, field crops, stored seeds, agricultural equipment/materials, supply systems (e.g., infrastructure), livelihood, and associated indigenous knowledge. Such impacts have its short-term repercussions and affect the long-term sustainability of the rural sector. Rural regions of the developing world can be remote, with high concentrations of mass poverty, food insecurity, and illiteracy; hence access to food, shelter, and communication related to relief and recovery is a challenge after a disaster. In rural areas, farmers strongly rely on natural resources and have no alternative source of income or employment, making them more vulnerable to a crisis. Role of women in rural development and agricultural activities is of paramount importance. Yet they are the most affected ones during any disaster. Vulnerabilities of children and especially abled people in the rural sector are untouched areas that require more attention in days to come. This book deliberates on the aspects as mentioned above related to disaster risk reduction, preparedness, and management. Apart from the introduction, the book has four parts: (1) Food and Agriculture, (2) Water andSanitation, (3) Gender and Social Issues, and (4) Technology. Overall, this book is a valuable resource material for students, researchers, academia, policymakers, and development practitioners.

The book will contain the collection of keynote and invited papers of the 5th International Conference on Transportation Geotechnics.

This two-volume set showcases the various ways in which geospatial technology can be used to achieve sustainable development goals across different sectors such as urban planning, natural resource management, agriculture, disaster management, and energy management. The books provide insights into the potential of geospatial technology in promoting sustainable development practices and addressing challenges related to climate change, environmental degradation, and socio-economic development. Both volumes together are a comprehensive guide that showcases the potential of geospatial technology in promoting sustainable development practices across different sectors, and will serve as an essential resource for professionals, policymakers, researchers, and students interested in sustainable development and geospatial technology.Volume 2 explores practical applications, insightful case studies, and emerging trends within the dynamic intersection of sustainable development and geospatial technology. Delving into the critical domain of water resources and agriculture, it scrutinizes the application of geospatial tools in river basin management, integrated water resources management (IWRM), sustainable agriculture, and precision agriculture. The volume then shifts its focus to disaster management, energy, and the future, encompassing geospatial data science for disaster resilience, Earth observation for sustainable energy management, and diverse case studies that highlight the impact of geospatial technology on sustainable development. Moreover, it ventures into environmental monitoring and analysis, discussing topics like land use planning, climate change mitigation, environmental monitoring technology, and socioeconomic inequalities.

This book includes high-quality research papers presented at the Seventh International Conference on Innovative Computing and Communication (ICICC 2024), which is held at the Shaheed Sukhdev College of Business Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi, India, on 16–17 February 2024. Introducing the innovative works of scientists, professors, research scholars, students, and industrial experts in the field of computing and communication, the book promotes the transformation of fundamental research into institutional and industrialized research and the conversion of applied exploration into real-time applications.

The book provides a cross sectoral assessment of the most relevant environmental challenges in the Mediterranean region, including land and water degradation, water and food security, and solution opportunities for these. It also discusses main change drivers, such as changes in climate, land use, population, demographics and technology. Additionally, the book explores improved management, participatory planning, and nature-based strategies and measures for meeting the key environmental challenges, e.g. restoring degraded areas and improving land management in different land uses (e.g. forest, coastal and urban areas). Finally, the book addresses needs and opportunities to improve governance and partnerships for assuring sustainable development in the Mediterranean region.

The potential for natural hazards and vulnerability to these threats varies from community to community. Adaptation will require ongoing monitoring of the natural and built-up environments and the development of policies, structures, and approaches to ensure resilient communities. Resilient approaches involve assessing risk and vulnerability, identifying solutions to reduce risks, implementing viable solutions, and assessment. Owing to past damages from extreme weather, countries around the world are making significant investments in coastal infrastructure that will reduce risks from disasters that are exacerbated by climatic changes.

The proceedings of the Eighteenth ICMSEM cover a wide range of areas including hot management issues in Engineering Science. It provides newest and frontier ideas and research achievements in the area of Management Science and Engineering Management to researchers and practitioners. The work contains both theoretical and practical studies of Management Science in the Computing Methodology, showing the advanced management concepts, computing technologies for decision making problems with large, uncertain and unstructured data. Research in this proceeding will show the new changes and challenges in the decision-making procedure as we have entered the big data era. Theoretical studies of this proceedings will present the new technologies of analysis, capture, search, sharing, storage, transfer, visualization, and privacy violations, as well as advances in integration of optimization, statistics and data mining. This proceeding also contains practical studies in the real decision-making scenarios when facing large, uncertain or unstructured data. The readers who are interested in related fields of can benefit from the proceedings for the new ideas and research direction.

This book features selected research papers presented at the Fifth International Conference on Computing, Communications, and Cyber-Security (IC4S'05), organized in India, during 29 February to 1 March, 2024. The conference was hosted at SMVDU, Katra, J&K, India. It includes innovative work from researchers, leading innovators, and professionals in the areas of communication and network technologies, advanced computing technologies, data analytics and intelligent learning, the latest electrical and electronics trends, and security and privacy issues. The work is presented in two volumes.

The book presents the selected and peer reviewed papers of 2023 6th International Conference on Civil Engineering and Architecture (ICCEA 2023), held in Bali Island, Indonesia on December 16-18, 2023. This volume of proceedings includes a lot of smart and green solutions for challenges on civil infrastructure construction and architectural design. The book highlights attempts made by the researchers and practitioners to solve architectural planning issues by using state-of-the-art technologies and engaging in a lot of case studies and practices. This volume provides a valuable and useful reference for the people from both in academia and industry who are working in the field of civil engineering and architecture.

This updated book presents research on how Internet of Things plays a part in shaping the future of our communities. The author shows how the research and education ecosystem promoting impactful solutions-oriented science can help citizenry, government, industry, and other stakeholders to work collaboratively in order to make informed, socially-responsible, science-based decisions. The author also provides updated data on how communities can address complex, interconnected socio-environmental challenges. This book addresses the key inter-related challenges in areas such as the environment, climate change, mining, energy, agro-economic, water, and forestry that are limiting the development of a sustainable and resilient society -- each of these challenges are tied back to IoT based solutions.

This book seeks to showcase the ongoing challenges of water resource and its management through innovative and cutting-edge approaches (flooding and droughts and their respective impacts; spatial and urban planning; early warning systems; estimation of losses; water resource in the age of global climate change; risk communication; meteorology; integrated analysis; risk mitigation; infrastructures; nature-based management; watershed management; transport; legal assessment; vulnerability analysis; public participation; or case studies). In the face of current global changes, the availability and quality of water resources are under severe threat. Indeed, in all sectors related to water resource management, sustainable development is important for present and future generations. Indeed, multiple problems such as water shortage or flooding, as well as environmental pollution phenomena, are observed. This situation is further exacerbated by poor management practices and unsustainable extraction of water for various consumptive uses. Consequently, many regions around the world, particularly urban areas, are becoming water stressed and conflicts over access to water are becoming ever more common. To overcome the significant challenges fundamental to the management of water resources, cutting-edge knowledge, innovative approaches, and an in-depth understanding of the inherent scientific, economic, social, and environmental issues are imperative. Therefore, water resource management requires a clear understanding of the ongoing challenges and innovative approaches. The authors and editors believe that this book provides huge knowledge and data in the fields of water resource management, earth environmental sciences, humanities, and social sciences, which target a diverse range of readers, such as academics, scientists, students, environmentalists, meteorologists, urban planners, remote sensing, and GIS experts.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Social Computing and Social Media, SCSM 2024, held as part of the 26th HCI International Conference, HCII 2024, which took place in Washington, DC, USA, during June 29–July 4, 2024. The total of 1271 papers and 309 posters included in the HCII 2024 proceedings was carefully reviewed and selected from 5108 submissions. The SCSM 2024 proceedings were organized in the following topical sections: Part I: Designing, developing and evaluating social media; user experience and user behavior in social media; AI and language models in social media; Part II: Social media in learning, education and culture; social media in business and ecommerce; Part III: Computer-mediated communication; social media for community, society and democracy.

This book is composed by a selection of articles from the 12th World Conference on Information Systems and Technologies (WorldCIST'24), held between 26 and 28 of March 2024, at Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland. WorldCIST is a global forum for researchers and practitioners to present and discuss recent results and innovations, current trends, professional experiences and challenges of modern Information Systems and Technologies research, together with their technological development and applications. The main and distinctive topics covered are: A) Information and Knowledge Management; B) Organizational Models and Information Systems; C) Software and Systems Modeling; D) Software Systems, Architectures, Applications and Tools; E) Multimedia Systems and Applications; F) Computer Networks, Mobility and Pervasive Systems; G) Intelligent and Decision Support Systems; H) Big Data Analytics and Applications; I) Human-Computer Interaction; J) Ethics, Computers and Security; K) Health Informatics; L) Information Technologies in Education; M) Information Technologies in Radiocommunications; and N) Technologies for Biomedical Applications. The primary market of this book are postgraduates and researchers in Information Systems and Technologies field. The secondary market are undergraduates and professionals as well in Information Systems and Technologies field.

Networks of today are going through a rapid evolution and there are many emerging areas of information networking and their applications. Heterogeneous networking supported by recent technological advances in low power wireless communications along with silicon integration of various functionalities such as sensing, communications, intelligence, and actuations are emerging as a critically important disruptive computer class based on a new platform, networking structure and interface that enable novel, low-cost and high-volume applications. Several of such applications have been difficult to realize because of many interconnection problems. To fulfill their large range of applications different kinds of networks need to collaborate and wired and next generation wireless systems should be integrated in order to develop high performance computing solutions to problems arising from the complexities of these networks. This book covers the theory, design and applications of computer networks, distributed computing, and information systems. The aim of the book “Advanced Information Networking and Applications” is to provide latest research findings, innovative research results, methods and development techniques from both theoretical and practical perspectives related to the emerging areas of information networking and applications.

As a result of global warming, extreme events, such as firestorms and flash floods, pose increasingly unpredictable and uncertain existential threats, taking lives, destroying communities, and wreaking havoc on habitats. Current aesthetic, technological and scientific frameworks struggle to imagine, visualise and rehearse human interactions with these events, hampering the development of proactive foresight, readiness and response.This open access book demonstrates how the latest advances in creative arts, intelligent systems and climate science can be integrated and leveraged to transform the visualisation of extreme event scenarios. It reframes current practice from passive perception of pre-scripted illustrations to active immersion in evolving life-like interactive scenarios that are geo-located. Drawing on the multidisciplinary expertise of leaders in the creative arts, climate sciences, environmental engineering, and intelligent systems, this book examines the waysin which climate disaster preparedness can be reformulated through practices that address dynamic and unforeseen interactions between climate and human life worlds. Grouped into four sections (picturing, narrating, rehearsing, and communicating), this book maps this approach by exploring the emerging strengths and current limitations of each discipline in addressing the challenge of envisioning the unpredictable interaction of extreme events with human populations and environments. This book provides a timely intervention into the global discourse on how art, culture and technology can address climate disaster resilience. It appeals to readers from multiple fields, offering academic, industry and community audiences novel insights into a profound gap in the current knowledge, policy and action landscape.

This book presents select proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Construction Resources for Environmentally Sustainable Technologies (CREST 2023), and focuses on sustainability, promotion of new ideas and innovations in design, construction and maintenance of geotechnical structures with the aim of contributing towards climate change adaptation and disaster resiliency to meet the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It presents latest research, information, technological advancement, practical challenges encountered, and solutions adopted in the field of geotechnical engineering for sustainable infrastructure towards climate change adaptation. This volume will be of interest to those in academia and industry alike.

This book comprises the proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Hydraulics, Water Resources, River and Coastal Engineering (HYDRO 2023) focusing on broad spectrum of emerging opportunities and challenges in the field of hydraulics and fluid mechanics. It covers a range of topics, including, but not limited to, experimental and computational fluid mechanics, sediment dynamics, environmental impact assessment of water resources projects, environmental flows, pollutant transport, etc. Presenting recent advances in the form of illustrations, tables, and text, it offers readers insights for their own research. In addition, the book addresses fundamental concepts and studies in the field of flood forecasting and hydraulic structures, making it a valuable resource for both beginners and researchers wanting to further their understanding of hydraulics, water resources and coastal engineering.

Based on the “Sixth International Conference on Dynamics of Disasters” (Piraeus, Greece, July 2023), this volume includes contributions from experts who share their latest discoveries on disasters either caused by natural phenomena or human activities. Authors provide overviews of the tactical points involved in disaster relief, outlines of hurdles from mitigation and preparedness to response and recovery and uses for mathematical models to describe disasters and their impacts. This volume includes additional invited manuscripts from other experts and leaders in the field. Topics covered include economics, optimization, machine learning, government, management, business, humanities, engineering, medicine, mathematics, computer science, behavioral studies, emergency services, and environmental studies and will engage readers from a wide variety of fields and backgrounds.

This book discusses the environmental hazards in the Gulf countries (GCC). The publication of this book is of great importance to all those interested and knowledgeable in the field. Climate change leads to the occurrence of major environmental hazards that must be reduced by estimating the extent of climate change and developing appropriate solutions to mitigate those effects. Climate changes are produced indirectly as a result of human activities with uncalculated consequences. The process of climate change is always accompanied by catastrophic environmental problems such as global warming, high temperatures, storms, hurricanes, floods, desertification processes, air pollution, and the extinction of many types and forms of animals and plants. The Gulf countries are located in the eastern part of the Arabian Peninsula where the crude oil is extracted in several fields. The states suffer from many environmental problems as a result of its geographical location, global climate change, and also from oil extraction operations. The problems include high temperatures, induced earthquakes, and pollution in the soil and marine coast, as well as desertification processes, sand dunes movement, and other environmental problems. Earthquakes are also recorded from and near the oil fields, indicating the link between the oil extraction process and the occurrence of earthquakes. Indeed, the environmental studies published in the Gulf state are very few and do not meet the need of the scientific community in region which need more important environmental publications that help in the great and rapid urban developments in the area.

This book presents select proceedings of the International Conference on Water Resources, Ocean, and Environmental Engineering (ICWROEE 2024). It strives to promote an interdisciplinary approach to water management by taking various environmental factors into consideration. This book covers theoretical principles with real-world applications and equips readers with the knowledge and tools necessary to address the pressing challenges of water resources engineering in an era of increasing water scarcity and climate change. The book serves as an invaluable reference for researchers and professionals in the fields of water resources management, environmental engineering, and ocean engineering. It also inspires the next generation of water resource engineers to create sustainable solutions for the management and preservation of our most precious natural resource—water.

This book contains selected articles from the fourth International Conference on Geotechnical Engineering-Iraq 2024 (ICGE-2024) held on April 17–18, 2024, at at Warith Al-Anbiyaa University, Karbala, Iraq. This proceeding discusses the latest research and studies in geotechnical engineering and all related topics in different fields such as civil engineering, environmental engineering, and architectural engineering. This book gives participants from both academics and industry a great chance to learn about recent developments in Geotechnical engineering fields

This book presents select proceedings of the International Conference on Pollution Control for Clean Environment (ICPCCE-2023). It introduces readers to the recent emerging pollutants in air and water environments and in solid waste and sheds light on the newly developed control strategies. The book discusses various topics including the occurrence of emerging contaminants, micropollutants in water, wastewater and aquatic environments, occurrence pathways, surface and groundwater pollution and risk and impact assessment of pollution. The chapters provide advanced information topics including effective monitoring, detection, sustainable practices, cleaner and innovative water and wastewater treatment technologies, and emerging contaminant removal. The book also includes information on energy-positive technologies and recent advances in the upgradation of existing systems. It also extensively discusses life cycle assessment and the application of environmental indicators and circulareconomy in pollution control strategies. The book covers the interaction of pollutants in the atmosphere and discusses innovative air pollution control strategies, including a detailed discussion of carbon capture and storage. The book presents various strategies for managing solid waste and discusses several novel technologies for the management of the present-day concern of plastic waste and e-waste. Given the present-day need for the recovery and re-use of various waste materials, this book delves extensively into how waste materials can be used for different purposes. It also talks about the recovery of energy and other useful by-products contributing towards economical and sustainable solutions. The book discusses various case studies on recently developed technologies and evaluates a wide range of technologies for pollutant removal and their implementation in the field.This book provides a ready reference for environmental engineers, practitioners, policymakers and planners. It also served as a practical guide for industrial engineers, government bodies, ecologists and researchers.

This book reveals the interaction between the livelihood of people and the surrounding natural environment in rural and urban areas of Vietnam and discusses actions to be taken towards sustainable development, which provide some useful insights into several SDGs. After introducing the overview and environmental regulation of Vietnam, the book describes the impact of agriculture, fishery, and forestry activities on land and water in rural areas. The following chapters on the impact of urbanization on air, water, and material cycles in urban areas contribute to Goal 6 (Clean water and sanitation). The last chapter on environmental education, community development, and other useful information towards future development address Goal 11 (Sustainable cities and communities). Most of the topics covered in the book are based on field research for the past 20 years by the researchers of the Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University in Japan, and readers can recognize the reality of how people act on the environment in Vietnam, where rapid development may deteriorate the environment.

This book presents select proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Transportation Geotechnics (ICTG 2024). It includes papers on ground improvement methodologies, dynamics of transportation infrastructure, and geotechnical intricacies of mega projects. It covers topics such as underground transportation systems and heights of airfields and pavements. This book discusses diverse thematic landscapes, offering profound explorations into sensor technologies, data analytics, and machine learning applications. The publication highlights advanced practices, latest developments, and efforts to foster collaboration, innovation, and sustainable solutions for transportation infrastructure worldwide. The book can be a valuable reference for researchers and professionals interested in transportation geotechnics.

This book presents select proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Transportation Geotechnics (ICTG 2024). It includes papers on ground improvement methodologies, dynamics of transportation infrastructure, and geotechnical intricacies of mega projects. It covers topics such as underground transportation systems and heights of airfields and pavements. This book discusses diverse thematic landscapes, offering profound explorations into sensor technologies, data analytics, and machine learning applications. The publication highlights advanced practices, latest developments, and efforts to foster collaboration, innovation, and sustainable solutions for transportation infrastructure worldwide. The book can be a valuable reference for researchers and professionals interested in transportation geotechnics.

This book presents case studies of risk management of various hazards and risk management systems at regional, national, and local levels. It also proposes a comprehensive approach to reduce future risks by collaborating with various stakeholders and preparing for the most effective responses toward complicated hazards, minimizing social damage.The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the concern as well as interest in the diversification of future risks and the complexity of the damage and impact that multiple risks may cause. These hazard risks include not only natural hazards, but also biological, industrial, and nuclear hazards along with other risks such as cyber-attacks, climate change, food security, conflict, and multiple hazards occurring simultaneously.The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction, adopted in 2015 at the United Nations World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction, accounts for the risks caused by natural or manmade hazards as well as related environmental, technological, and biological hazards and risks. The framework guides the multi-hazard management of disaster risk in development at all levels and sectors. However, in the current disaster management system in most countries, different offices are responsible for each different hazard, making it extremely difficult to manage those hazard risks comprehensively.Having experienced the COVID-19 pandemic, it is now time to review the current risk management strategy and system, and thereafter discuss how to strengthen and transform our risk perception and manner of risk assessment and identification to tackle future multiple hazards. Simultaneously, further collaboration among experts from different backgrounds and fields will become indispensable. While the discussion of the need for an “all-hazards approach” has taken place for many years, there now needs to be discussion of a risk-focused framework.

This book includes a collection of extended papers based on presentations given during the SimHydro 2023 conference, held in EDF Lab Chatou, France, with the support of Société Hydrotechnique de France (SHF), the Association Française de Mécanique (AFM), the Environmental and Water Resources Institute (EWRI), and the International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research (IAHR). SimHydro conferences, since 2010, have created a regular forum where major actors of the hydroinformatics domain and stakeholders meet, share, and debate about needs, innovations, and implementations of models and their inputs for decision making. For this new edition, the general theme of the conference is focused on “New modelling paradigms for water issues”. The papers address some of the key challenges faced by the water modelling community regarding processes to simulate such as water services, extreme events (floods, droughts, etc.), and hydrological cycle at catchment scale and to assess the added value of emerging concepts and methods such as Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Digital Twins that are gaining interests. It addresses the interests of practitioners, stakeholders, researchers, and engineers active in this field. This book represents Volume 2 of a two-volume book series.

This book includes a collection of extended papers based on presentations given during the SimHydro 2023 conference, held in EDF Lab Chatou, France, with the support of Société Hydrotechnique de France (SHF), the Association Française de Mécanique (AFM), the Environmental and Water Resources Institute (EWRI), and the International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research (IAHR). SimHydro conferences, since 2010, have created a regular forum where major actors of the hydroinformatics domain and stakeholders meet, share, and debate about needs, innovations, and implementations of models and their inputs for decision making. For this new edition, the general theme of the conference is focused on “New modelling paradigms for water issues”. The papers address some of the key challenges faced by the water modelling community regarding processes to simulate such as water services, extreme events (floods, droughts, etc.), and hydrological cycle at catchment scale and to assess the added value of emerging concepts and methods such as Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Digital Twins that are gaining interests. It addresses the interests of practitioners, stakeholders, researchers, and engineers active in this field. This book represents Volume 1 of a two-volume book series.

Blue-Green Infrastructure (BGI) is now recognized as beneficial in terms of maintaining water flows and thermal comfort in urban areas. A framework of ecosystem services for urban settlements may be instrumental in bio-physical benefits as well as social and psychological benefits that will be assisting in adaptation and mitigating adverse effects of changing climate. Cities in developing countries, where the land cover is undergoing rapid transition, are characterized primarily by urban characteristics at the expense of natural ecosystems. The book aims to provide a state of the art of Urban Resilience and Sustainability linked to blue-green components of the urban environment. The challenges and opportunities in adopting the blue-greens as next generation infrastructure, particularly in the context of rampant urbanization and changing climate are also one of the focal areas of the book. The book also deals with multilevel community and stakeholders'participation in developing and managing Blue-Green Infrastructure in urban centres of developing countries. Currently, the focus of researches in urban ecosystem is moving towards exploring the role of blue-green components in ameliorating the negative consequences of urbanization and changing climate. This book bridges the knowledge gap between the existing understating of the role of blue and green infrastructure separately and in integration in city planning, particularly in mitigating and adapting to changing climate and environmental pollution.

This open access book critically examines the policies and practices related to climate-related human mobility in Asia-Pacific and the legal and policy protection framework for climatically displaced migrants (CDMs) through an interdisciplinary human rights-based approach. While covering the policy and theoretical dimensions of mobility, it also evaluates the issue through empirical studies. The book illustrates how interdisciplinary rights-based approaches address and identify gaps in the protection framework for the region regarding dimensions of climate change displacement, migration, forced migration, susceptibility to climate change, and typology of climate change-induced displacement. Presenting multiple case scenarios, it recommends a legal mechanism based on human rights in a region brimming with variety and multiculturalism. Bringing together voices from the Asia-Pacific Academic Network on Disaster Displacement, the book examines issues that are immediately relevant in countries where they are living and working. In addition to academic perspective, the chapters also bring perspectives from positions held in national human rights institutions and government. They bring insight into lived experience and policy processes, seeking to avert, minimize, and address displacement, including through general disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation initiatives, as well as specific initiatives around emergency preparedness for response and planned relocation and resettlement. The chapters examine diverse forms of human mobility, including displacement, planned relocation, and forced immobility. The combination of studies focusing on both sudden onset and slower onset movement is also distinctive. With a thorough understanding of the interdisciplinary rights-based approaches to the issue, students, researchers, policymakers, administrators, and all those engaged in studying these topics can quickly evaluate and appreciate how the rights of CDMs are protected on a national, regional, and international level in Asia-Pacific.

This book provides a detailed description of fluvial processes and their influence on urban sites. During the urban expansion of modern cities throughout the twentieth century, rivers have become a source of problems during high flood events. However, due to growing social pressure, especially in dense cities, rivers are viewed as new leisure areas given that they also provide highly valuable ecosystem services. People seek open and environmentally friendly spaces amidst the dense street networks of cities. Yet, we should not forget that rivers are not merely domesticated elements of nature for leisure purposes only. Flooding risks and damages are possible within urban environments. How should we address the social and ecological interactions? How should we plan for these complexities to meet the growing social requirements and needs while respecting river dynamics? Hydrologists, geomorphologists, engineers, geographers and urban planners could leverage the knowledge and examples provided to enhance the interaction between nature and society in the growing cities of the twenty-first century.

This book conducts research on the evaluation and reduction mechanism of the negative effects of urban Transportation Energy Supply Network (TESN). By analyzing the current supply and demand situation of urban transportation energy supply network, the concept of negative effects of urban transportation energy supply network is defined, and specific definitions and measurement methods of negative effects are proposed. A TESN negative effect reduction mechanism was constructed from three aspects: site layout optimization, site cooperation game, and replenishment vehicle scheduling. The simulation validation of the urban transportation energy supply network was conducted using AnyLogic simulation software.

Climate change is a driver of poverty, poor mental health, inequity, and increased intersectional vulnerability, with significant differential global impacts on individual and community health and well-being. For example, people living in low resource settings in high income countries (HICs) and in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) are at greater risk, often experiencing fragile socioeconomic, political and health infrastructures, and conflict-affected settings (FCAS) that place them at greater risk and vulnerabilities to climate change related mental health impacts. The broad goal of this book is to place a social justice and inclusive lens on climate change and mental health equity focusing on these three key elements: people, place, and community. The book includes perspectives from the global North, the global South, and Indigenous perspectives to help provide greater insight into how we can better understand climate change and mental health equity across peoples, place, and community. This book's three-pronged approach will focus on certain trends in this emerging and growing field, also bridging some of the more extensive gaps, and is a tool for better understanding how mental health disparities might be addressed at this time.

This book offers a comprehensive and authoritative review of the key environmental areas and compartments where fragrances have been found and discusses the current challenges of their presence and potential hazards. The book starts with a chapter devoted to the manufacturing and characterization of the most relevant types of fragrances, and their emissions to the environment. Subsequent chapters cover topics such as fragrances'toxic effects on the environment, their major routes of exposure, behaviour, and fate in different environmental matrices. Particular attention is given to ecotoxicological issues and the environmental impact of fragrances in wastewater treatment plants, surface waters, marine environments, soils, remote areas, and air. In this book, readers will find valuable insights into the bioaccessibility and availability of synthetic musks in seafood and the corresponding human exposure and health risks. The book also outlines the most promising analytical methods used for fragrance detection and quantification, and it discusses the risks and future trends in this field. Written by a multidisciplinary team of expert contributors, and considering its scope, this book is an essential tool not only for scholars and researchers in academia and industry but also for other stakeholders and decision-makers interested in the field of fragrances and their ecotoxicology, as well as environmental impacts.

This two-volume set, CCIS 2146 and CCIS 2147, constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Intelligence Computation and Applications, ISICA 2023, held in Guangzhou, China, during November 18–19, 2023. The 82 full papers included in these proceedings were carefully reviewed and selected from 178 submissions. The papers presented in these two volumes are organized in the following topical sections: Part I: Frontiers of evolutionary Intelligent Optimization Algorithms; Exploration of computer vision; Machine learning and its applications. Part II: Machine Learning and its applications; Big data analysis and Information security; Intelligent application of computer.

An award-winning text introducing the latest operational hydrometeorological forecasting and warning techniques for flood, drought, reservoir, hydropower, irrigation, water supply and water pollution applications. Hydrometeorology: Forecasting and Applications is the latest edition of this award-winning book intended for practicing engineers and scientists. It also provides useful background for undergraduate and postgraduate courses in engineering, earth sciences, environmental sciences, geography, meteorology and hydrology. Operational examples include applications from the USA, UK, the Netherlands, Bangladesh and Nepal. Throughout, there is a focus on end-to-end warning systems, forecast uncertainty and risk-based and impact-based approaches. Hydrological forecasting topics include rainfall-runoff, flow routing, data assimilation, forecast verification and ensemble techniques. There are also updates to the text on weather radar, satellite precipitation estimates, hydrometry, low cost monitoring, numerical weather prediction, demand forecasting and dissemination of warnings, including the role of social media and citizen science. Applications include national and community based flood warning systems, flash flood guidance, famine and drought early warning systems, reservoir operations, and surface water, debris flow, ice jam, bathing water and harmful algal bloom alerts. Seasonal forecasting, land surface and global hydrological models are now discussed in more detail, including the opportunities from ‘Big Data'and artificial intelligence, and a new chapter discusses approaches to predicting the hydrological impacts of climate change. The extensive sets of references have been revised and updated. “There are few books that have ever attempted to discuss all aspects of hydrometeorology in one volume. This one does so.” From a review of the 1st edition in the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. Kevin Sene FRGS, FRMetS, CEng (MICE) is a scientist and writer with wide experience in flood risk management, water resources and hydrometeorology. His previous publications include books on flood warning, forecasting and emergency response and flash flood forecasting and warning (Springer, 2008, 2013).

This book presents peer reviewed articles from the 11th International Conference on Asian and Pacific Coasts (APAC 2023). APAC aims to promote academic and technological progress and activities, international technical transfer and cooperation, and opportunities for engineers and researchers to maintain and improve scientific and technical competence in the field of coastal engineering and related fields, among Asian and Pacific countries/regions. Besides coastal engineering, related fields include but not limited to coastal environment, marine ecology, coastal oceanography, and fishery science and engineering. APAC is jointly supported by the Chinese Ocean Engineering Society (COES), the Coastal Engineering Committee of the Japan Society of Civil Engineers (JSCE), and the Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers (KSCOE).Chapters'OILPARI - a real-time oil transport simulator for marine disaster response: Its functionary, update, and progresstoward the next generation,'Application of Building Cube Method to reproduce high-resolution hydrodynamics of a dredged borrow pit in Osaka Bay, Japan'and'Geographical Distribution and Recent Change in the Meteorological Event Causing the Annual Maximum Wave Height and Storm Surge around Japan'are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.