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Background and Objectives: The objective of this study was to examine the effects of adding energized oxygen to drinking water for laying hens and evaluate quantities of microorganisms in fecal samples. Materials and Methods: Oxygen generated gas was hosed into the drinking water tank of the laying commercial farm. Cloacal swabs and conveyor samples taken for fecal samples were collected in three runs for microbiological analysis as follows: The first was before the application of energized O 2 gas as a control, the second was after one week and the last was two weeks later. Results: The total bacteria and E. coli count from control to successive samples in cloacal swabs and conveyor samples decreased. However, there were no effects on fungal count. Conclusion: Energized oxygen may be used as an effective disinfectant to reduce microbiological exposure and improve the health of laying hens. © 2018 Özlem ÔahanYapicier and Mustafa Saatci.

BackgroundandBackground: Bovine blood is a livestock by-product that can be used as a protein source for livestock, particularly when incorporatedin broiler rations. This studywas conductedtoinvestigatetheeffectsof aminoacids inBacillus amyloliquefaciens-fermented mixtures of bovine blood and coconut pulp (blood meal) on growth performance, blood cholesterol and erythrocyte content in broilers. Methodology: A total of 100 six day-old CP 707 (Strain Cobb) broilers were divided into 5 experimental groups with 4 replicates of 5 broilers. The experimental groups received rations supplemented with 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% blood meal that substituted for fish meal or soybean meal. The experimental period was 5 weeks. Treatment effects on broiler performance parameters such as final body weight, final weight gain, average daily gain, feed intake, average abdominal fat and Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR), total serum cholesterol and erythrocyte count, as well as the return on investment were determined. Results: The group fed rations supplemented with 10% blood meal showed final body weight, final weight gain and FCR of 1,172, 1,035 and 1.75 g, respectively, which was significantly higher (p

Cassava root meal which has been used as good alternative energy source in poultry and pig diets is increasingly becoming an important energy source for feeding the world’s human population. There are however, several by-products of cassava harvest ranging from the leaves, peels and pulp which have potential as feed ingredients in poultry rations. Cassava peels and pulps are moderate to high in energy and have been included in diets as replacements for conventional energy sources. Cassava leaves, moderate to good protein contents, have been used as protein supplements. Dietary recommendations of cassava by-products for poultry have varied considerably. The major factors limiting the efficient utilization of these byproducts in poultry diets include the high fibre and low energy contents and likely presence of antinutritional factors, mainly hydrocyanic acid (HCN) in the bitter variety of cassava. Several technologies have been used to improve the utilization of cassava by-products by poultry. The following paper reviewed the composition of some cassava by-products (leaves, peels and pulp), their recommendations for inclusion in poultry diets and processing methods to maximize their utilization by poultry. It was concluded that efficient use of cassava by-products will reduce feed cost of poultry production and provide additional source of income to cassava farmers and processors.

This study is mainly undertaken to design and optimize an effervescent tablet formulation of Josapine pineapple by using the D-optimal experimental design methodology. Josapine pineapple powder, citric acid, sodium carbonate and stevia were used in the formulations as independent variables. Tablets were prepared by the direct compression method and evaluated for their disintegration time and sensory properties which were regarded as responses in a D-optimal design. Formulation V3 was selected as the optimum formulation with pineapple powder, citric acid, sodium carbonate and stevia at 49.59, 20.00, 11.96 and 18.45%, respectively. In addition, V3 has a very fast disintegration time and quite high overall acceptability which represents the consumer approval. The observed values of the responses obtained from the optimized formulation were very close to the predicted values where the euclidean distance calculated for V3 was equal to 0.26. In conclusion, this study reveals that the effervescent pineapple tablet has a wide potential for future development and can be enhanced for commercialization.