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The Canadian Association of Radiologists Incidental Findings Working Group consists of both academic subspecialty and general radiologists and is tasked with adapting and expanding upon the American College of Radiology incidental findings white papers to more closely apply to Canadian practice patterns, particularly more comprehensively dealing with the role of ultrasound and pursuing more cost-effective approaches to the workup of incidental findings without compromising patient care. Presented here are the 2020 Canadian guidelines for the management of hepatobiliary incidental findings. Topics covered include initial assessment of hepatic steatosis and cirrhosis, the workup of incidental liver masses identified on ultrasound and computed tomography (with algorithms presented), incidental gallbladder findings (wall thickening, calcification, and polyps), and management of incidental biliary dilatation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This special issue comprises outstanding papers from the 2004 Eastern Academy of Management and Eastern Academy of Management-International conferences. Our introduction to the special issue discusses the selection and review process for the papers for the conferences and again for Group & Organization Management. We briefly describe the content of each paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An introduction is presented in which the editor discusses articles in the issue on topics including freedom, work and organization.

The article provides an invitation for authors to offer critical interrogations of the meaning of freedom and its current and potential relationship with social relations in and around work.

Despite the proliferation of systematic literature review studies on cooperative organization, a similar review of cooperative governance and performance literature has yet to be conducted. To close this gap, this paper presents a systematic literature review on the relationship between cooperative governance (CG) and cooperative performance using the PRISMA approach. Major search engines were used in the compilation of studies published between 2009 and 2021. A review of the 30 selected papers indicate there are four categories of CG used in relation to cooperative performance: board characteristics, policy compliance, management, leadership and strategies, and the board's social or human capital. The results also suggest mixed and inconclusive findings on the CG--cooperative performance relationship. The current study seeks to contribute to the existing literature by highlighting patterns and gaps of past studies on the CG--cooperative performance relationship, thereby providing insights for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The impact of pro-environmental behavior on policymaking has been an exciting area of research. While the relationship between pro-environmental behavior and policymaking has been explored in numerous studies, there needs to be more synthesis on this topic. This is the first text-mining study of pro-environmental effects in which policymaking is a significant factor. In response, this study, for the first time, takes a novel approach by using text mining in R programming to analyze 30 publications from the Scopus database on pro-environmental behavior in policymaking, highlighting major research themes and prospective research areas for future investigation. Results from text mining yielded 10 topic models, which are presented with a synopsis of the published research and a list of the primary authors, as well as a posterior probability via latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA). Additionally, the study conducts a trend analysis of the top 10 journals with the highest impact factor, considering the influence of each journal's mean citation. The study offers an overview of the impacts of pro-environmental behavior in policymaking, showing the most relevant and frequently discussed themes, introduces the scientific visualization of papers published in the Scopus database, and proposes future study directions. These findings can help researchers and environmental specialists better understand how pro-environmental behavior can be fostered more effectively through policymaking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An overview of this special issue is provided, including a description of the Eastern Academy of Management's (EAM's) Outstanding Paper selection process and a brief description of the papers that received this recognition. These papers were peer reviewed for the EAM conference and peer reviewed again for this special issue of Group & Organization Management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the distinction between expressive and instrumental motives, six theoretical mechanisms for the formation of trust relationships are elaborated and empirically tested. When expressive motives drive tie formation, individuals primarily attach emotional value to social relationships. Three mechanisms have been tested: the homophily, the balancing, and the gossiping effect. When instrumental, control-related, motives drive tie formation, actors strategically establish relationships because of their potential use for the realization of material benefits or the avoidance of material losses. Again, three mechanisms have been tested: the signalling, the sharing group and the structural hole effect. Longitudinal data come from a sociometric panel study of 17 members of the management team of a German paper factory. Actor-oriented statistical modelling shows that all effects significantly affect trust formation separately. In a simultaneous test incorporating all six mechanisms, the pattern of structural holes turns out to be the major predictor of network evolution. The implications of structural hole theory for modelling the evolution of intra-organizational networks are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we investigate characteristics associated with highly cited journal articles in Public Administration, especially the extent to which high impact contributions are theoretical. Using citations as a measure of scholarly influence, we used a mixed qualitative and bibliometric approach to understand the factors associated with the most highly cited articles in Public Administration in the last 20 years. Specifically, we assessed the extent to which each article was theoretical or empirical in nature, the role of the journal in which each article was published, and the extent to which the article’s impact spanned disciplines. Results indicate that theoretical development, the journal in which an article is published, and strategic placement with regard to the intended audience matter for scholarly impact. We also identify that theoretical versus empirical approach of subdisciplines is aligned with the maturity of that subdiscipline, consistent with Kuhn’s ideas of scientific evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a prior paper by Bible, Graham, and Rosman (2005), the authors provided a theory to predict that electronic work environments were more cognitively complex than traditional paper environments and found evidence consistent with the theory. Auditors reviewing workpapers in an electronic work environment were less able to identify seeded errors than auditors who were working in a traditional paper environment. This paper uses detailed concurrent verbal protocols for a subset of the participants in the previous paper to extend this line of research. Specifically, it examines how strategies in electronic work environments would differ from those in traditional paper environments to accommodate the greater complexity of electronic work environments. Of particular interest are the strategies that are applied by those who performed well in each environment, because they provide insight into the type of behavior to be modeled. Consistent with the theoretical frameworks of audit task complexity (Bonner [1994]), cognitive load (Sweller, van Merriënboer, & Paas [1998]; Ayres [2001]; Kester, Kirschner, van Merriënboer, & Baumer [2001]), and the adaptive decision maker (Newell & Simon [1972]; Payne, Bettman, & Johnson [1993]), the results show that successful auditors tended to navigate less (e.g., plan and acquire information) and process more (e.g., rehearse, corroborate, and confirm information that was in memory) in the electronic environment. The implication of these findings for practice is that auditors can use strategies that appropriately reflect or adapt to the complexity of the task environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A call for papers on the role of paradox in management and organization is presented.

The Nursing Theory-Guided Practice Expert Panel (NTGP-EP), one of the 14 Expert Panels, is officially designated to advance the mission and strategic goals of the American Academy of Nursing. The NTGP-EP has created a forum for dialogue among nurse scholars interested in advancing nursing theory to promote health and wellbecoming. The purpose of this paper is to share the important work of the NTGP-EP and its history, contributions, and accomplishments, and to propose a member-driven agenda to re-envision our preferred future and the impact of the use of nursing theory to guide nursing education, research, practice, and policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article informs about the 22nd Annual Conference of the Western Marketing Educators' Association (WMEC) which will be held on April 16-18, 1998 at the Catamaran Resort Hotel in San Diego, California. The conference will include competitive papers and special sessions. In keeping with the focus of WMEA, topics dealing directly with marketing education will be emphasized. Proposals for special sessions and conceptual and empirical papers that focus on several areas of marketing education are invited. In the curriculum issues these topics will be discussed: Developing new or interdisciplinary courses; Integrating ethics, management of technology, and international issues into the marketing curriculum; Integrating student interpersonal competency development; Developing institutes, centers, and interest/advisory groups. In the faculty development issues these topics will hold priority: Faculty development and evaluation; Methods of validating more broadly defined scholarly activity; Integrating scholarship and teaching; Balancing career obligations in research, teaching, and service.

This article focuses on the company-stakeholder relationship between a large pulp and paper company and a small monastery and nature retreat center. The literature on stakeholder management and organizational legitimacy provides a theoretical foundation. The analysis demonstrates how organizational power and legitimacy can influence stakeholder legitimacy. The authors illustrate the ways that a company can manage the legitimacy of stakeholders through the use of political language and symbolic activity. The results contribute to a better understanding of stakeholder identification, salience, and the different contexts of legitimacy in the company-stakeholder relationship. Implications for stakeholder research and practice are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The further education sector is a challenging working environment with expectations to deliver high-quality education against a backdrop of continuous policy and structural reforms. Further education managers play a key part in how further education institutions respond to this dynamic operating environment. However, despite the importance of this role there is an absence of an agreed set of professional expectations for further education middle managers. Sector bodies have commissioned research to address recruitment challenges and support workforce development, but this is often directed towards teachers. As a result, the credibility of further education teachers has increased markedly, which is welcomed. However, further education middle managers who are responsible for the management of teachers and operationalisation of organisational strategies have not benefited from comparable opportunities for professionalisation. In contrast, they suffer from a lack of support when assimilating into the role. This paper investigates the role of further education middle managers through the lens of those responsible for their recruitment and development, human resource managers. Through the administration of a national survey of human resource managers, drawing on quantitative and qualitative data, this paper establishes a new theoretical framework: four pillars of professional expectations for further education middle managers. Furthermore, it highlights the value in a contextualised approach, moving away from generic management standards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the special issue of the journal regarding on activities in and around organizations. It is noted that the objective of the special issue is to extend the study of organizational gossip by generating perceptions regarding verbal and written gossip within and among other organizations. It states that it will receive papers that analyzes how gossip is associated to various topics in the study of management and organizations. It provides an illustrative list of the topics that should be included in the paper. It also invites authors to submit proposals for the conceptual revue issue of the journal and lays out the criteria for the evaluation.

Substantial progress has been made in the knowledge base of educational leadership and management (EDLM) in societies across the world. However, the evidence base in developing countries such as Malaysia remains limited. Thus, this article reports the results of a systematic review of research on EDLM in Malaysia. The review aimed at describing key features of the Malaysian knowledge base in EDLM with respect to publication volume, journal outlets, types of papers published, distribution of knowledge production across its states and key scholars, and the composition of research topics, methods, and maturity of its knowledge production. The review database encompassed 328 journal articles in English and Malay language published on EDLM in Malaysia. Systematic methods were applied in the identification of sources and data extraction from the journal articles. Data analysis relied primarily on quantitative methods for data interpretation to reveal the variability in patterns of knowledge production in Malaysia EDLM. The review found that the Malaysian literature in EDLM is largely contemporary; however, it is an 'immature but emerging literature' which bears similarities to literatures in other developing societies in Asia. Recommendations are made for topics, methods and other areas where capacity development is warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research studies of shopping with companions, or "co-shopping," have investigated different "types of companion" (e.g., children, spouses, parents, friends) and the nature of their influence on shoppers' retail experience. By means of a systematic literature review guided by the standard review protocol PRISMA and qualitative content analysis, this paper offers a state-of-the-art overview of 66 studies and their findings, through the middle of 2023. It finds that sparse attention has been paid to shopping companions' behaviors and personalities and that it is so far impossible to attribute their impacts on shoppers specifically to one or more types of companion. It also finds that the various factors that could facilitate understanding of how companions' influences work in practice remain largely unexplored. In short, too little is known about how companions exert their influence and how shoppers process it and there remains much to be investigated about the interplay between shoppers, their companions, and an interacting salesperson. Our detailed findings and their implications could therefore usefully shape the agenda for future research into accompanied shopping. Plain Language Summary: A systematic study of retail shopping companions and their various effects The purpose of this article is to explore the current state of research on the phenomenon of shoppers who visit retail environments with a designated companion. Through a systematic literature review following a standard review protocol (PRISMA) and subsequent qualitative content analysis, we summarize the findings of previous research on how companion shoppers have been studied and the effects of companions on the person they accompany. It becomes clear that while the general effects of companions on shoppers are well understood, there is a lack of understanding of how they generate their influence on shoppers and how shoppers go about the process of translating their influence into emotions and behaviors. Awareness of these processes can help retailers and their frontline employees better understand their customers and their companions, and thus shape the way they deliver their services at the point of sale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An integrative review of the literature specific to leadership within the intensive care unit was planned to guide future research. Four databases were searched. Study selection was based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria and a quality check was done. Data extraction and synthesis involved developing a preliminary thematic coding framework based on a sample of papers. The coding framework and all selected papers were entered into NVivo software. All papers were then coded to the previously identified themes. Themes were summarised and presented with illustrative quotes highlighting key findings. In total, 1102 relevant quotations were coded across the 28 included papers. Four themes pertaining to leadership were described and analysed: (a) leadership dimensions and discourses; (b) leadership experiences; (c) facilitators and/or barriers to leadership; and (d) leadership outcomes. The literature was found to focus on leader behaviours, as well as the leader dimensions of role allocation, clinical and communication skills and traditional hierarchies. Positive behaviours mentioned included good decision-making, staying calm under pressure and being approachable. Leadership experiences (and outcomes) are typically reported to be positive. Personal individual factors seem the biggest enablers and barriers to leadership within the intensive care unit. Training is considered to be a facilitator of leadership within the intensive care unit. This study highlights the current literature on leadership in intensive care medicine and provides a basis for future research on interventions to improve leadership in the intensive care unit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined content at ten small daily newspapers at two points in time-before and after a woman replaced a man as managing editor. The results were then compared with content changes at ten "matched" papers at which a man was managing editor for both points in time. The mix of topics that the newspapers covered changed little across time for both groups of publications. But the types of articles changed for the papers at which women became managing editors. The emphasis on feature approaches to the news increased, and standard hard news declined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A call for papers on management of technology is presented.

Background: The management of subglottic stenosis (SGS) in granulomatosis patients with polyangiitis (GPA) has no clear guidelines. This systematic review aimed to identify different surgical techniques and evaluate the outcomes of applied procedures. Methods: An electronic search was performed using 3 major databases, CINAHL, PubMed, and Clinical key, to include relevant studies published from the databases from inception through January 2017. All primary studies reporting treatment of SGS in cases with GPA were included. Articles were excluded if not relevant to the research topic or if they were duplicates, review articles, editorials, short comments, unpublished data, conference abstracts, case reports, animal studies, or non-English studies. Results: Thirteen papers were included in our systematic review with a total of 267 cases for the qualitative review Endoscopic approaches showed favorable outcomes with the need to use multiple procedures to achieve remission. The open transcervical approach showed excellent results mainly after failure of other endoscopic techniques. Tracheostomy was necessary for severe respiratory obstruction symptoms. Medical treatment was essential for stabilizing the active disease and therefore may enhance the success rate postoperatively. Conclusion: Subglottic stenosis in patients with GPA requires a multidisciplinary approach to provide optimal management regarding disease activity, grade of stenosis, and severity of symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reviews the growing body of work on network dynamics in organizational research, focusing on a corpus of 187 articles—both "micro" (i.e., interpersonal) and "macro" (i.e., interorganizational)—published between 2007 and 2020. We do not see "network dynamics" as a single construct; rather, it is an umbrella term covering a wide territory. In the first phase of our two-phase review, we present a taxonomy that organizes this territory into three categories: (1) network change (i.e., the emergence, evolution, and transformation of network ties and structures), (2) the occurrence of relational events (i.e., modeling the sequence of discrete actions generated by one actor and directed towards one or more other actors), and (3) coevolution (i.e., the process whereby network and actor attributes influence each other over time). Our review highlights differences between network dynamics based on relational states (e.g., a friendship) and relational events (e.g., an email message), examines the drivers and effects of network dynamics, and in a methodological appendix, clarifies the assumptions, strengths, and weaknesses of different analytical approaches for studying network dynamics. In the second phase of our review, we critically reflect on the findings from the first phase and sketch out a rough agenda for future research, organized in terms of four overarching themes: the interplay between the dynamics of social networks conceived as relational states and relational events, mechanisms underlying network dynamics, outcomes of network dynamics, and the role of cognition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article announces that the article "Unfreezing change as three steps: Rethinking Kurt Lewin's legacy for change management" by Stephen Cummings and colleagues has won the 2016 Human Relations Paper of the Year Award.

Sports contexts are increasingly used in management research to test and develop theory and explore managerially relevant phenomena. This growth in publications is likely driven by a series of advantages that sports data offers to management researchers. However, such positive features are not a panacea, as several drawbacks are also associated with leveraging sports data, which can limit their usefulness for management scholars. In this paper, we aim to provide management researchers guidance to leverage the advantages and avoid the drawbacks of leveraging sports contexts. To do so, we identify and review 249 papers published over the last 50 years that used sports data to advance management theories and shed light on managerial phenomena. After outlining how these works contributed to the growth of several key conversations in management research, we discuss the advantages of using sports data by outlining how they can advance management research both conceptually (e.g., theory building and radical theorizing) and empirically (e.g., triangulation and replication). We then discuss the potential drawbacks of research using sports data and suggest ways to compensate for them. We close by outlining several new directions in which scholars can leverage sports data to further advance management research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A cursory review of the measurement practices found in four diverse management journals is briefly reported, suggesting that the current authors' concerns about serious measurement dificiencies in at least some subdomains of the field may not be groundless. Then, it is suggested that the demonstration of instrument content adequancy be demanded as an initial step toward cionsturct validation by all studies which use new, modified, or previously unexamined measures. although adequate content is a necessary prr-condition for instrument validity, there are no well-established quantitative methods for examining content adequacy. Consequently, the mian focus of this article is to propose a new approach for the quantitative assessment of content adequacy and to illustrate this approach by evaluating a commonly-used job stisfacation scale. Problems in and suggestions for the use of this method are presented, along with implications and potential new applications of the method for management research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A call for papers on topics related to operations management in a not-for-profit operation is presented.

The article presents author's views on concerns of readers for the infusion of mahalo in the articles of the periodical "Journal of Management Inquiry." Topics discussed include organization and management journals in specific manuscripts; balancing innovation and quality; and sensemaking in metaphors.

The anonymisation of personal data has multiple purposes within research: as a marker of ethical practice, a means of reducing regulation and as a safeguard for protecting respondent privacy. However, the growing capabilities of technology to gather and analyse data have raised concerns over the potential reidentification of anonymised datasets. This has sparked a wide-ranging debate among both academic researchers and policy makers as to whether anonymisation can continue to be relied upon. This debate has the potential to create important implications for market research. This paper analyses the key arguments both for and against anonymisation as an effective tool given the changing technological environment. We consider the future position of anonymisation and question whether anonymisation can retain its key role given the potential impact on both respondent trust and the nature of self-regulation within market research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a research paper on academic industrial relations departments by Noah M. Meltz.

In spite of varied and sometimes underwhelming results, community currencies (CCs) continue to demonstrate potential for inducing beneficial regional development by means of technological innovation and creditable social outcomes. However, outside of the Western context, much still needs to be understood regarding their operation and management. Long-term durability in particular has been an issue that has been observed with CCs around the world. This paper aims to shed more light on this aspect of CC research from the Japanese perspective by formulating a descriptive framework of long-lived Japanese CCs. In order to accomplish this, 12 Japanese CC organizations that have each operated for at least a decade are investigated using a Grounded Theory approach (GT). The GT methodology was applied to a primary data set of transcribed interviews with CC leaders and organizers. This was supplemented by currency circulation reports, surveys among CC users, and observation of CC activities for the purposes of data triangulation. Leadership Continuity emerged as the core theme uniting these diverse organizations. An exploration of this theme reveals 3 broad operating forms of long-lived Japanese CCs, namely, LETS Passbook Communities, Subsidized Coupon Type CCs, and Non-Subsidized Coupon Type CCs. Additionally, 3 reliable funding strategies and 2 reinforcement factors were observed among the more robust organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This is the third editorial commentary in a three-part series that addresses introductions, implications, and interestingness. The first, focusing on the introduction design, is about what the beginning of a paper should look like. The second, focusing on practice implications, is about what the end of a paper should look like. The third discusses how to develop and fit attention-grabbing ideas into the academic conversation in the literature. We hope this editorial series provides inspiration and ideas about publishing papers that people want to engage with. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Who constitutes the top management team (TMT)? What are the boundary conditions that distinguish the TMT from other managers? Despite nearly four decades of TMT research, the concept of the TMT remains poorly defined and often goes undefined in empirical TMT research. We conducted a review of the TMT literature to better understand how the TMT construct is conceptualized and operationalized, to identify gaps in alignment and consistency, and to develop a roadmap for scholars to improve both aspects of the literature. We review all TMT-related papers published in Financial Times 50 (FT50) journals between 1984 and 2019. Our analysis reveals (1) a wide discrepancy in conceptual definitions of the TMT among the minority of studies actually providing a conceptual definition, (2) operationalizations seemingly based more on data availability rather than alignment with a conceptual definition, and as a result, (3) an overall lack of coherence in understanding of the TMT phenomenon. We explore these challenges, develop a definition of the TMT that integrates insight from the academic and practitioner communities, and build a roadmap for future TMT and upper echelons research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study that we report in this paper was undertaken within the context of recent efforts to diversify the global knowledge base in educational leadership and management (EDLM). This systematic review of research synthesized trends in EDLM research from Arab societies published between 2000 and 2016. In contrast with Oplatka and Arar's (2017) recent review of theories and findings within the Arab EDLM literature, this review focused on synthesizing trends in knowledge production. The review employed systematic methods to identify 62 articles published in nine core international EDLM journals. Information was extracted from the articles and analyzed using quantitative methods. Trends identified in the review were benchmarked against findings reported in recent reviews EDLM research from other developing societies in Asia and Africa. The review found that the Arab EDLM literature is relatively small, largely of recent vintage, and geographically dispersed. No 'centers of research excellence' were identified either in terms of societies or universities within the Arab world. The Arab EDLM literature is composed primarily of empirical studies with few conceptual or review papers. The authors conclude that this is an 'emerging literature' which bears similarities to literatures from other developing societies in Asia and Africa. Recommendations for strengthening future EDLM research from this region center on developing research capacity through international networking among Arab scholars and encouraging scholars to conceptualize distinctive features of leading and managing in Arab societies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While there is no lack of peer-reviewed publications that focus on resumes, there is a lack of theory-based research in the genre. Most studies on resumes report observations rather than test theories to predict screener behaviors, and recent calls to action have advocated for more theory-based resume research. This paper answers the call and offers ways in which scholars can introduce theory into the existing body of knowledge in the resume genre by exploring research questions guided by the various philosophical foundations of the communication discipline. Future resume research should reference Craig's constitutive metamodel that offers more than 250 communication theories into seven philosophical foundations: semiotic, phenomenological, cybernetic, sociopsychological, sociocultural, critical, and rhetorical when designing studies. Exploring resume research questions based on communication theory enables scholars to use an applied research perspective across disciplinary boundaries and advance knowledge of resumes, a key component of organizational entry. This paper opens the door for scholars to contribute to this large and important question of organizational entry by outlining resume research questions that can be explored within each of the theoretical foundations of the communication discipline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a case study of a 66-year-old divorced woman, who was suffering from mental illness. She complained of severe abdominal pain, for which no cause was found despite incurring huge expenses on medical investigations. She always complained that a correct diagnosis was not made. The lady was an eccentric woman, and had been earlier treated for depression and personality disorder. Finally, her physician considered her as a chronic mental health patient.

A call for papers on performance management theories and applications for public infrastructure is presented.

The present study aims to explore the effect of equity incentive intensity on defensive behavior in enterprise cash holding decision-making using ordinary least squares, System GMM, and Heckman tests. This study finds that the higher the intensity of equity incentives, the lower the level of corporate excess cash holdings. The intensity of equity incentives inhibits defensive behavior in corporate cash holding decisions. A substitute relationship is observed between equity incentive intensity and product market competition in the inhibition of management defensive behavior in cash holding decision. Our further research finds that the inhibitory effect of equity incentive intensity on the defensive behavior of cash holding decisions mainly exists in the case of ineffective supervision by large shareholders and creditors. For theoretical contribution, this paper tries to explore the governance effect of equity incentive on the management defensive behavior in a company's cash holding decision making. It also reveals the substitute relationship between the intensity of equity incentive and the product market competition in suppressing the management defensive behavior in the cash holding decision of enterprises. Moreover, it provides new evidence for the governance effect of equity incentive in the institutional environment and expands the literature on equity incentive effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite decades of research on global leadership competencies, there is a continued unresolved debate among scholars around an integrative Global Leadership Competency model (GLC model), as none of the models proposed has been widely used in literature. Attempts to replicate and operationalize existing models are scarce, and scholars tend to recreate GLC models instead of building on existing ones. Instead of proposing yet another GLC model, this paper aims to identify factors that explain the unresolved debate around an integrative Global Leadership Competency model to be used in academic and managerial settings. To do so, we conducted a conceptual analysis based on an integrative literature review, where a sample of exemplar GLC models was surveyed and assessed. This analysis resulted in the identification of three conceptual incongruences, namely 1) varying assumptions regarding the meaning of competency; 2) divergent model structuring; and 3) varying delimitation, resulting in varied sets of competencies. These incongruences relate to diverse assumptions, perspectives and interpretations that are inherent to the development of GLC models, but often not explicitly acknowledged and addressed by studies. We argue that these incongruences hinder scholars' and practitioners' capacity to evaluate, compare and contrast different models, and may therefore explain the unresolved debate around an integrative GLC model. While grounded in global leadership theory, this article also contributes to cross-cultural leadership and management scholarship by providing a critical discussion about the competencies required by leaders to operate effectively in a global environment, where they are required to manage across different cultures and socio-economic contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this special issue, the authors provide in-depth historical and contemporary studies to examine how land is known and the ways in which land management and expertise are produced, disseminated, experienced and contested. The papers analyze the production of models, frameworks, calculations, tools, and ideas that shape land use and access to resources. These empirical and conceptual insights are particularly critical today as declarations of crisis precipitate the search for ‘new,’ ‘empty,’ or ‘unproductive’ land. The themes of expertise, (in)visibility/ignorance, displacements, and crisis frame our treatment of the relationship between knowledge and the politics of land management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on annual best-paper paper award based on articles published in the journal Group and Organization Management. This award has been named after the founders of Sage Publications, Sara and George McCune, recognizing their years of publishing academic research and articles about organizational practice. The award for 1992 was won by J. Stewart black for his article "Socializing American Expatriate Managers Overseas: Tactics, Tenure and Role Innovation." His article not only dealt with a critical organizational problem in international management, it also had important implications for future research on the costly problem of expatriate managers in general.

In this article, we conduct a systematic review of the emerging literature on the biological perspective in management and investigate research spanning the areas of genetics, physiology, and neuroscience. We examine 291 papers published in 133 journals over an 85-year period as well as 10 conference/working papers and six books. On the basis of this analysis, we present an organizing framework of the area, explain the mechanisms through which biological factors relate to management, and discuss the implications of the biological perspective for the theory and the practice of management. Finally, we present an agenda highlighting avenues for future research in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ensuring effective university governance and leadership is more important than ever before given contemporary transformations of higher education functions, institutions and social roles. This paper reports contributions which seek to stimulate research in this field. Drawing from the formative case study of Australian universities, it discusses prevailing insights and gaps in leadership research, and articulates theoretical dimensions of good governance, an analytical framework for studying the empirical nature and work of university senior leaders, and the characteristics of contemporary arrangements. The paper contributes methodological approaches, analytical frameworks and empirical insights which are designed to generalize and replicate in broader research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increasing cost differentials between modes of data collection and countries are requiring users and practitioners to consider more cost-effective survey designs. Using a 'fitness for purpose' framework, the argument is made that the tools exist to enable objective evaluation of alternative designs using a variety of methods within a common framework that can be shared by all survey users. The paper argues that coverage will be one of the largest sources of potential bias in any survey using data-collection methods other than face-to-face or mail. The calibration of coverage is therefore a pre-requisite in any discussion of alternative survey designs. The paper discusses the need for clear, unambiguous definition of the characteristics of mode access to reflect the realities and constraints of research practice. It illustrates this with a discussion of internet access from home, suggesting that some current commonly used definitions are misleading as to the true level of coverage. The paper comments on the general lack of reliable coverage data for new modes. Using data from Eurobarometer and from the USA National Health Interview Survey, it tabulates the coverage of the internet, mobile telephones and sub-categories of technology in Europe and the US. The paper argues that these data show differences that are so considerable that in many countries it would be ill-advised to use single-mode approaches to achieve reliable estimates. The paper concludes that, to provide cost-effective international measurement, we must embrace the use of mixed-mode methods within countries. This will require a broad international effort to agree definitions, measurement of coverage, and better questionnaire design, to reduce/eliminate mode effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article emphasizes the need for alternative perspectives in entrepreneurship research. Burrell and Morgan's classic text Sociological Paradigms and Organisational Analysis is as relevant now as it was when first published a quarter of a century ago. Central to Burrell and Morgan's thesis is the idea that all theories of organization are based upon a philosophy of science and a theory of society. Either explicitly or implicitly, researchers base their work on a series of philosophical assumptions regarding ontology, epistemology, and human nature, which have methodological consequences. Within each of these assumptions, the extreme positions are reflected in sociological positivism and, in opposition, German idealism. Similarly, researchers hold differing views about the nature of society, underpinned by further assumptions, and reflected in Burrell and Morgan's distinction between regulation and radical change. Researchers adhering to the regulation perspective attempt to explain society in terms that emphasize its underlying cohesiveness. Their concerns are with the status quo, social order, consensus, social integration, solidarity, individual or system needs satisfaction, and actuality. In contrast, the radical change perspective is concerned with explaining structural conflict, modes of domination, contradiction, emancipation, deprivation, and potentiality. Assumptions that researchers make, both about the philosophy of science and the theory of society, represent two independent dimensions which, taken together, delineate four distinct paradigms: Functionalist, Interpretive, Radical Humanist, and Radical Structuralist. These paradigms reflect basic metatheoretical assumptions that underpin the shared philosophy, perspective, mode of theorizing, and approach of researchers who operate within them.

This paper describes a process to develop and trial new metrics in South Africa to quantify school leadership and management practices or processes that are considered theoretically related to literacy outcomes. The predictive validity of these measures is assessed in challenging contexts, including 60 township and rural primary schools in South Africa. We observe a randomness to how better leadership and management practices are distributed across better and worse performing schools. Regression analyses confirm weak and inconsistent linkages between measured leadership and management dimensions and literacy outcomes across the sample. However, we find evidence of stronger linkages with intermediate outcomes, including monitoring curriculum coverage. This research contributes to a burgeoning, yet underdeveloped literature on educational management and leadership in Africa and the challenges of measurement in this context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on a paper about the interrelation between the status and work of surgeons, limitation of resources and the impact of the introduction of general management in the British National Health Service (NHS). The author mentions that it is illusory to expect the separation of the NHS from the elements of politics.

An informal electronic European Group for Organizational Studies (EGOS) forum was set-up in September 2000 to bring together Ph.D. students, junior academics and researchers to promote participation and communication among those who are part of the EGOS community. The aim of the EGOS Network is to enable participants - particularly those who are, or feel, new' to EGOS - to become more actively involved in shaping and running events, workshops, discussion groups and similar activities. The question that ran through most of the presentations and returned in the discussion was one of self-reflection. The implication behind the colloquium theme was that organization theorists often discuss people events, and things by focusing on who or what is the case. Organization theorists, even when they take a constructivist or constructionist perspective, usually assume that it is individuals with minds who do the constructing, so constructed products are examined, rather than construction processes. This theme group turned attention to us academics. to our disciplinary communities and to our academic work practices.

We review 11 years (2001-2011) of management research using count-based dependent variables in 10 leading management journals. We find that approximately one out of four papers use the most basic Poisson regression model in their studies. However, due to potential concerns of overdispersion, alternative regression models may have been more appropriate. Furthermore, in many of these papers the overdispersion may have been caused by excess zeros in the data, suggesting that an alternative zero-inflated model may have been a better fit for the data. To illustrate the potential differences among the model specifications, we provide a comparison of the different models using previously published data. Additionally, we simulate data using different parameters. Finally, we offer a simplified decision tree guideline to improve future count-based research. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]