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Educators across the United States have designed and implemented Comprehensive, Integrated, Three-tiered (Ci3T) models to meet K–12 students' academic, behavioral, and social and emotional well-being needs. As part of implementation efforts, educators collect and use social validity and treatment integrity data to capture faculty and staff views of the plan's goals, procedures, and outcomes and the degree to which the plan is implemented as designed (e.g., procedures for teaching, reinforcing, and monitoring). In this study, we re-examined the relation between social validity and treatment integrity utilizing hierarchical linear modeling with extant data from a research partnership across 27 schools in five midwestern districts. Findings suggested an educator's fall and spring social validity score on the Primary Intervention Rating Scale (PIRS) predicted their treatment integrity scores on the Ci3T Treatment Integrity: Teacher Self-Report (CI3T TI: TSR) in the same timepoint. Schoolwide average fall PIRS scores also statistically significantly predicted spring Ci3T TI: TSR scores. Results suggested schoolwide context is important for sustained implementation of Tier 1 procedures during the first year. Findings demonstrate the complex nature of implementing a schoolwide plan, involving each individual's behavior while also relying on others to facilitate implementation. We discuss limitations and future directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the differences in business continuity of Japanese and American small organizations during the Covid-19 pandemic since early 2020 in terms of organizational adaptation empowered by loans, grants, and aid and created through processes of visioning, and relationship building. The 28 Japanese and 21 American small organizations collected through snowball sampling were asked about their level of preparedness, the types of aid earned, the vision that an organization developed, and how they used their organization to advance community life. We used semi-structured interviews in the participants' native languages for 40 min to 1.5 h. Coding results identified 36 codes, nine subcategories, and three broad categories common among small organizations in Japan and the United States. A comparison of the coding results showed three results that we focus on in our comparative analysis. First, loans, grants, and aid provided by the government were effectively used as a business continuity resource in both countries. Second, visioning, a process of setting goals and understanding purpose, was observed in Japan and the United States. Lastly, Japanese organizations emphasized maintaining relationships with business partners, even providing monetary support to them. Conversely, in the United States, new relationships were observed but organizations did not provide as much mutual support. Thus, the study clarified two different types of resilience among small organizations: trust-based resilience seen frequently in Japan, which seeks to maintain relationships with employees and business partners rather than investing in the organization, and the change-based resilience in the United States, which aims to change the organization and build new relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Uber, the ride-sharing company launched in 2010, has grown at an exponential rate. Using both survey and administrative data, the authors provide the first comprehensive analysis of the labor market for Uber’s driver-partners. Drivers appear to be attracted to the Uber platform largely because of the flexibility it offers, the level of compensation, and the fact that earnings per hour do not vary much based on the number of hours worked. Uber’s driver-partners are more similar in terms of their age and education to the general workforce than to taxi drivers and chauffeurs. Most of Uber’s driver-partners had full- or part-time employment before joining Uber, and many continue in those positions after starting to drive with the Uber platform, which makes the flexibility to set their own hours especially valuable. Drivers often cite the desire to smooth fluctuations in their income as one of their reasons for partnering with Uber. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Responding to the forces of internationalization and globalization, universities are partnering across national borders to expand their outreach, increase capacity, expand research possibilities, and for a list of other reasons. This study looks at one international university partnership between an institution in the United States and one in the Middle East. This article examines the impetus for partnership, the steps and decisions of formation, the benefits, and challenges experienced, the lessons learned, as well as the implications and the possible paths forward. This study will provide the conceptualization and practical framework for those interested in forming international partnerships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analytically explores the link between taxes and incentives in the choice of business form under the system of taxation found in the United States. Specifically, it analyzes when a group of investors, regardless of their own business form, will form a partnership with a manager, in which the manager is a general partner, instead of hiring him as an independent contractor. Under conditions of certainty, or more generally in the absence of incentive considerations, the partnership and independent contractor forms are shown to be equivalent; there are no tax savings derived from making the manager a partner. When incentive considerations are present, the independent contractor form is shown to weakly dominate the partnership form as long as the terminal value of the venture is not incrementally informative about the manager's actions. When this is not the case, the partnership form may dominate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on jurisdictional issues related to the merger of the American Federation of Labor and the Congress of Industrial Organization (AFL-CIO) in December 1955. The problem of jurisdiction has a significant place in the constitution of the AFL-CIO. The provisions of the constitution encourage the affiliates to reduce conflicts and duplications in organization and jurisdictions through the process of agreement, consolidation, or other means, by voluntary agreement in consultation with the appropriate officials of the federation.

The article presents the author's views on the merger of the American Federation of Labor and the Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO) in December 1955 and the future of political action. Increased activity in politics by labor seems imminent to result from the merger of AFL-CIO. That is not the main objective of the merger, but one of its certain consequences. This is not a cause for alarm, according to the author's own point of view. To date, the political activities of labor have not given an undue influence in the U.S. government to the production workers in industry.

The article presents the documents related to the completion of the merger between the American Federation of Labor and the Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO) in 1955. Such documents include the Implementation Agreement, Resolution on the Achievement of Labor Unity, and the Report of the Joint AFL-CIO Unity Committee to the First Constitutional Convention of the AFL-CIO. Also presented in the article is the Constitution of the Industrial Union Department of the AFL-CIO. The Implementation Agreement sets forth the legal aspects of the consolidation.

The article focuses on the merger of the American Federation of Labor (AFL) and the Congress of Industrial Organizations on December 5, 1955, that ended a 20-year division in the ranks of the U.S. labor movement. The formation of the new federation promised organized labor, higher political and legislative power, vigorous organizing drives in existing non-union areas, and more influence in the global labor movement and in community and public life in general. The new federation is constituted to be a more highly centralized organization than in the past, based on the point of view of former AFL unions.

Unionism among retail clerks faces serious obstacles both in organizing and in bargaining. A variety of factors inhibit membership growth, while the relatively low skill of store clerks robs them of the economic strength essential to successful collective bargaining. There exist in retailing, however, certain groups with substantial economic power—notably, truck drivers, warehousemen, and butchers. From alliances with these groups, retail clerks have derived the aid and strength which they themselves lack, according to this study, which analyzes the merits and disadvantages of such a relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diversity has long been recognized as a critical component of collaborative governance. Among many rationales, the representation of diverse perspectives and participants in collaborative governance arrangements is expected to facilitate holistic understandings of complex public policy and management issues while promoting principles of democracy and inclusion. Such outcomes, however, are typically only achievable if the process of collaboration similarly engenders these principles. In this article, we investigate the dynamic relationship between diversity and perceived procedural justice in the context of 10 collaborative policymaking groups involved in guiding U.S. marine aquaculture policy development. Among our key findings is that certain types of participant diversity (i.e., affiliation and intergovernmental diversity) and diversity in beliefs about science and local knowledge are significantly associated with perceptions of procedural justice among participants within the collaborative groups. We also find that the relationship between participant diversity and perceived procedural justice is curvilinear; the positive effect of diversity is highest when the level of diversity is moderate (an inverted U-shaped pattern). We conclude our article with practical implications and suggestions for future research on procedural justice within collaborative partnerships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the significance of the merger of the American Federation of Labor and the Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO) in December 1955 to wage earners, to management, and to the U.S. as a whole. The merger will be meaningful to wage earners in the area of legislative activities, both at the federal and state levels. AFL-CIO will maintain its operation as an economic organization dedicated to enhancing the well-being of workers through collective bargaining without interference from the government. AFL-CIO may very well break new ground in the area of labor-management relations. The newly formed trade union center will be in a position to contribute toward the establishment and retention of industrial peace. As for the nation as a whole, the role of AFL-CIO in stimulating economic growth and preventing depressions will be of great importance.

Local government managers continue to face an array of challenges that have created the opportunity for new and innovative ways to achieve high quality and less expensive service delivery in their communities. Many such innovative efforts have emerged as part of some form of collaboration by the local governmental jurisdiction with private, nonprofit, or other public entities. This article provides a perspective to highlight important factors local officials should bear in mind in deciding which services might benefit from such collaborations, as well as which form of collaboration might be most likely to help a community achieve its goals. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Surveys with top editors at U.S. daily newspapers reveal that 42 percent had partnerships with television stations, 47 percent had partnerships with other newspapers and 21 percent had partnerships with radio stations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Government, nonprofit, and corporate partners can be critical to achieving national, state, or local social marketing goals. Yet, partners are often underutilized by social marketing programs. Managers of a national bone health campaign targeting girls ages 9–14 in the United States avoid this problem using marketing principles and the marketing mix to involve partners in developing and delivering campaign components and to manage mutually beneficial partnership efforts. The approach has resulted in a campaign that attracts an ever-increasing number of partners and activities that provide girls with opportunities, motivation, and ability to engage in bone healthy behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The article discusses the partnership between American and Chinese businesses from the 1970s through 2011, with heavy reliance on the author's experience as an employee of the U.S. furniture chain Ethan Allen in China. An overview of the business culture of China, including the reliance on strong personal relationships, is provided. The author discusses the Chinese consumer, including their purchase of American commercial products. An overview of the modernization of the Chinese economy during the late 1980s, including the development of manufacturing industries, is also provided.

National Heritage Areas (NHAs) are an alternative and increasingly popularform of protected area management in the United States. NHAs seek to integrate environmental objectives with community and economic objectives at regional or landscape scales. NHA designations have increased rapidly in the last 20 years, generating a substantial need for evaluative information about (a) how NHAs work; (b) outcomes associated with the NHA process; and (c) the costs and benefits of investing public moneys into the NHA approach. Qualitative evaluation studies recently conducted at three NHAs have identified the importance of understanding network structure and function in the context of evaluating NHA management effectiveness. This article extends these case studies by examining quantitative network data from each of the sites. The authors analyze these data using both a descriptive approach and a statistically more robust approach known as exponential random graph modeling. Study findings indicate the presence of transitive structures and the absence of three-cycle structures in each of these networks. This suggests that these networks are relatively ''open,'' which may be desirable, given the uncertainty of the environments in which they operate. These findings also suggest, at least at the sites reported here, that theNHA approachmay be an effectiveway to activate and develop networks of intersectoral organizational partners. Finally, this study demonstrates the utility of using quantitative network analysis to better understand the effectiveness of protected area management models that rely on partnership networks to achieve their intended outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An important challenge that community-university partnerships face is how to maintain themselves in the face of changing goals, priorities, and funding. Partnerships often form as a result of some sort of "spark:" an incident, perhaps, or the identification of a shared need or common concern. Often, external funding is sought to provide the majority of resources for the establishment of a partnership and for the implementation of the partnership's action plan. Whatever external funding is obtained is typically of short duration. The funding will not continue over time. And usually the funding comes with stipulations about allowable partnership approaches; inevitably the priorities of one funder will differ from those of another. These issues of the maintenance of partnership in the face of shifting funding and priorities are ones that confront most community-university partnerships. This article examines these issues through the lens of an environmental justice partnership that has existed for nearly a decade, has undergone many changes in who is involved, and has operated with funding from many different sources, including the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Housing and Urban Development, and the Environmental Protection Agency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study which analyzes the strategic networking among small business in small communities in the U.S. To achieve the main objective of the study, the researchers gather qualitative data through conducting field interviews with network directors and members of small businesses. Results suggest that shared vision and resource sharing among network members significantly benefited members business. It was also found out that these benefits were associated with a general perception of the advantages of network membership.

Community-university partnerships increasingly are being created to study and address environmental injustices. This article describes a case study of one such effort and its contributions to a decade-long community struggle to curb the growth of industrial hog operations and their adverse health effects in the United States' rural south. Worldwide transformation of livestock production from family farms to large-scale industrial agricultural complexes has resulted in the degradation of local environments, with negative impacts on public health. In the rural south, the concentration of industrial livestock operations has been most pronounced in low income African-American communities. Using political economy and community-based participatory research (CBPR) as a conceptual framework, this article explores the partnership between a strong community-based organization, Concerned Citizens of Tillery, and researchers at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, School of Public Health to study and address this problem. The political, economic, and historical context of the partnership is examined, as are the challenges faced, and the partnership's contributions to maintaining grassroots community organizing and activism and affecting local policy change. Implications for other CBPR partnerships are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to gain an understanding of the challenges African-American women in abusive relationships face when they consider seeking-help from their informal networks. Data are reported from interviews with 15 African-American women who were self-identified as having survived physical intimate partner violence. A 13-item, semi-structured interview guide was developed in order to elicit information from participants. All of the interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and coded for analysis. This analysis revealed emergent themes from these interviews concerning the social factors and perceptions that influence help-seeking behavior. Participants perceived their informal networks as willing to offer instrumental support. However, informal networks were not emotionally supportive. Participants also noted that the African-American community at-large believes victims of violence to be ‘stupid’ for remaining in violent relationships. Additional results are also discussed. Results may be used to help enhance efforts to reduce the rates of intimate partner violence among African-Americans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the impact of convergence journalism partnerships on the development of newspapers and television stations in the U.S. markets. According to a survey result, an international conference regarded convergence, online and digital services to play a vital role in the continued existence of media organizations, partnerships and economic theories somehow attributed to this successful emergence. Convergence partnerships were observed to initiate relative and significant approach to local broadcast organizations on product differentiations. A theory also suggested newspapers to concentrate on online experiments for their featured stories preconceiving the news with Internet features.

The hydrogen economy has received increasing attention recently. Common reasons cited for investigating hydrogen energy options are improved energy security, reduced environmental impacts, and its contribution to a transition to sustainable energy sources. In anticipation of these benefits, national and local initiatives have been launched in the United States, creating pilot "roadmaps" and technology partnerships to explore hydrogen economy platforms. Although hydrogen can provide several positive improvements over a carbon- or uranium-based energy system, several problems are also likely. As well, competitive technologies (e.g., hybrid vehicles) may offer comparatively greater economic and/or environmental advantages. Before policies to advance a hydrogen energy economy proceed, it is vital that all aspects of hydrogen be compared with other available alternatives. Important questions to ask in this regard are whether a hydrogen economy can fulfill key energy needs and whether there are appropriate roles for hydrogen to play in a sustainable energy future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents news briefs on various issues related to visual impairment and blindness in the U.S. as of June 6, 2006. Features of a summer conference on universal design sponsored by the Knowlton School of Architecture at the University of Ohio in Columbus and American with Disabilities Act-Ohio; Partnership between Chase, a U.S. consumer and commercial banking institution, and the Chicago Lighthouse for People Who are Blind or Visually Impaired; Appointment of Jane Brackman as executive officer of the State Board of Guide Dogs for the Blind, California Department of Consumer Affairs.

All those responsible for the preparation of teachers agree that having a highly qualified teacher in every classroom is essential to student academic achievement. The research of the past decade by William Sanders and others clearly demonstrates the significance of the teacher in fostering student growth and academic achievement. What researchers and practitioners are having difficulty agreeing on is the essential characteristics of the teachers who create value-added learning and the ways in which professional development experiences need to be structured in order to foster and develop those critical teacher characteristics. The Ohio Teacher Quality Partnership represents one state's approach to better understand the relationship between teacher behaviors and student achievement and how a wide variety of stake holders are collaborating to create a more vital educational system for P-12 students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents information on the state of newsroom convergence in the U.S. and the extent to which the newspaper-television partnerships in the U.S. perform functions frequently associated with convergence. Newspaper-television partnerships often share resources and cooperate in their newsgathering activities. According to one researcher there are 194 newspaper-television partnerships in the U.S. Recent definitions of convergence allows the categorization of specific cross-media behaviors or the determination of whether an organization is practicing the act. The study found that cross-media partnerships occur across circulation categories, but the convergence behaviors practiced vary greatly from partnership to partnership. The partnerships frequently were found to perform many of the functions often considered to reflect convergence including cross-promotion of partners' content, appearances by newspaper staff members on partners' broadcasts, and sharing of daily news budgets and some resources.

The Prairie Science Class is a formal partnership between the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's Prairie Wetlands Learning Center and the Fergus Falls Independent School District 544. Its mission is to use the local prairie wetlands ecosystem as an integrating and motivating context to engage fifth-grade students in science, math, and writing through real world, field-based learning experiences. A formative program evaluation was conducted during the first year of its implementation to document program outcomes and areas for program improvement. A variety of quantitative and qualitative evaluation tools were used. The results of this evaluation suggest positive cognitive and affective outcomes, including concept attainment and skill development in science and writing; perceived learning in math; perceived skill growth in problem solving, technology, and working and communicating with others; and positive influences on students' motivation toward learning, attitudes toward the prairie wetlands environment, and stewardship ethic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emphasizes the significance of the participation of universities in teacher education and school reforms in the U.S. Efforts of the government to urge interinstitutional arrangements to redesign teacher education with school reform; Challenges associated with university partnership for education and school reforms; Recommendations for collaborative actions for universities and schools considering reform agenda.

The deployment of Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS) occurred in most metropolitan areas in the United States through the creation of a public- private partnership (PPP). An ATIS PPP involves a high level of risk that travelers maybe unaware of the ATIS. Because ATIS offers innovative service, sufficient public out reach marketing efforts must increase usage and limit this inherent risk For transportation officials, the need for greater public awareness means a changing role. ATIS business plans, those documents that establish policy goals and provide a framework for the PPP, have not focused on marketing ATIS services. Experiences with public outreach efforts, illustrated by three metropolitan ATIS PPP examples, suggest that such efforts have not led to satisfactory levels of usage. The adoption of the 511 telephone number for traveler information, a decision made by the Federal Communications Commission in July 2000, has increased recognition of the need for public outreach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focuses on the partnerships, alliances, and stakeholder communication strategy developed for the National Youth Anti-Drug Media Campaign in the U.S. Criteria created for assessing potential partner organizations and guiding resource allocation involvement; Opportunities from initiatives provided by the campaign for various target audiences; Initiative created by the project that enables its partners to utilize the media channel Newspapers in Education.

Provides information on community partnerships in the U.S. Agenda set by the founders of the Community Care Network Demonstration for the community-based partnerships that were awarded grants; Ways in which the health care systems would shift; Details of the quality of a partnership leadership.

This article provides an overview of the evaluation of the National Community Care Network Demonstration Program, which began with 25 public-private partnerships selected from a diverse range of communities across the United States to address problems of lack of insurance, limited access to health care, and the health status of their most disadvantaged residents. The 25 public-private partnerships included an array of individual organizations representing health care providers, public health and human service agencies, local governments, community-based organizations, and religious and educational institutions. The specific findings of the evaluation are the focus of the articles in this issue. This overview article supplies the underpinnings of the evaluation, including the conceptual framework, methodological challenges, and a brief discussion of each of the papers and how they are linked. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Primetime was a local school and university partnership designed to meet university training needs while providing a focused reading intervention for 3rd-grade children. University students and the local schools received mutual benefits. Data showed improvement in overall reading performance on informal reading inventories and state reading assessment. University students reported satisfaction in partnering with a local school and felt competent in the skills they had learned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the concept of developing themed touring routes or self-drive trails has been given much attention. Consequently many have been developed, particularly in Australia and the USA. Themed touring routes have been advocated as opportunities to link regional communities together, form partnerships, encourage tourism development along commonly travelled routes, provide a more satisfactory tourism experience and maximise economic benefits to local business people by encouraging longer stays and greater spending in the region. Ultimately, touring routes can develop into tourist icons, such as the Cascade Loop in Washington State and the Groat Texas Coastal Birding Trail in the USA. This paper uses these two case studies to determine the key factors for the successful development of touring routes, it proposes that there are ten, including community involvement, an understanding of the drive tourist, the development of attractions, effective interpretation and signage and infrastructure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Deals with workforce intermediaries in the U.S. Cause of labor and skill shortages in the country; Reasons for the legislators' lack of attention to impending workforce crisis; Results of a survey on workforce intermediaries held by the National Network of Sector Partners.

Explores the joint operating arrangement (JOA) involving the publishers E.W. Scripps Co. and MediaNews Group Inc. to merge the periodicals 'Rocky Mountain News' and 'Denver Post' in the U.S. Terms of the deal; Approval of the JOA application by an attorney general; Impact of the JOA on the subcribers and advertisers.

Using complementary theories derived from the foreign-entry mode and alliance literatures and two databases on Japanese/US alliances and investments, this study examines the prevalence--a combination of formation and termination--of the full range of investment and cross-border linkage alternatives available to firms. We find that some combinations among the administrative forms, the knowledge flow intent between the partners, and industry-related technology and risk factors were more prevalent than others. Specifically, there were three prevalent combinations consistent with the notions of production efficiency, transaction cost efficiency and learning/adaptation: (1) wholly owned subsidies in low R&D-intense industries with the intent of unidirectional knowledge flow; (2) joint ventures in medium R&D-intense industries with reciprocal knowledge flows; and (3) technical agreements with reciprocal knowledge flows in high-tech industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the early efforts and consequences of one effort at "reinventing government:" building collaborative partnerships at the county level. It looks at the early implementation of the Georgia Policy Council for Children and Families Act, an act designed to return decision-making to the local level. The study assesses the potential of this program for improving policy concerning children and families and finds that the devolution of authority to local communities, called for in this act, is working. The study concludes with insights gained concerning what does and does not work in implementing governmental reform. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents a study that sought to understand and improve access to medical insurance for Latino children living in a California community of predominantly low-income immigrant families. Options offered in California for medically insuring children not covered through parents' employment; Collaborative partnership between the Kaiser Permanente Division of Research and the Canal Community Alliance in conducting the research; Classification of families in terms of eligibility and enrollment.

Describes the establishment of a sister school partnership between Duquesne University School of Nursing in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania and the School of Nursing at the Polytechnic University in Managua, Nicaragua. Background on the Regis Group Model under which the partnership was developed; Suggestions of how to develop a similar international nursing partnership; Implications of the activities and goals implemented by both nursing schools.

Focuses on the importance of public and private partnerships to renew the industrial landscape in the United States. Decline of urban areas in the country; Industrial programs of Argonne National Laboratory; Support of Argonne on the Industries of the Future program under the United States Department of Energy's Office of Industrial Technologies.

Focuses on the innovative public agency partnership between the city of Brighton, Michigan and McNamee, Porter & Seeley Inc. to expedite the construction of an interstate ramp to relieve congestion in a central commercial hub. Traffic impact study conducted by the city government; Actions taken by the local government to eliminate the hindrance of the project; Local financing for the project.

The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the understanding of control among peers. Drawing on a network study of a medium-sized Northeastern U.S. corporate law firm, this work shows that partners -- all formally equal and locked in a cooperative situation -- have developed an informal 'lateral control regime' to help protect their common interests against free loading due to individual expressive problems. This regime helps peers exercise early monitoring and sanctioning by reducing costs of control. It maintains low costs through appropriate use of social resources or 'relationships between members. Sanctioners are chosen because they are structurally close to the infractors, but often also because they are relatively more powerful. Some of the costs of control are shown to be shifted to partners with a specific form of status within the firm, that of uncontroversial 'protectors of the common good'. These main sanctioners help prevent situations in which infractors would be reserved preferential treatment because they control resources too important to their close partners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is good reason to attempt to draw on existing stocks of social capital in collaborative partnerships directed to community quality-of-life improvements. Such efforts tend to be broadly supported by conservative and liberal elements alike, and where social capital is strong, positive effects can be observed in a relatively short period of time. It is important to recognize, however, that in settings where social capital resources are weak, it will be necessary to make a long-term commitment to (and patience with) agency-community partnerships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents an article on education and business partnerships in Great Britain, presented at the international conference of the Pennsylvania State University in University Park, Pennsylvania, from September 17 to 20, 1997. Development of education-business partnerships; Initiatives in teacher education; Problems posed by the partnerships.

Discusses the entry of corporate partnership into higher education in the United States. Intensification of corporate connections in higher education; Factors which led to the transformation of higher education; Important step in resisting wholesale educational restructuring.

Explores the partnership between universities and schools in the United States (US). Role of faculty; Discussion of partner schools in the US; Discussion on cooperating teacher program perspectives; Changing roles and responsibilities for teacher educators.

The article focuses on the role of the U.S. Army in preventing malaria during the World War II. Malaria battered allied forces, mostly the U.S. armed forces, in the early months of the war. Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum were the most common types of malaria to hit U.S. forces. Military and civilian scientists in the U.S. cooperated with each other and with allied scientists to check the disease in the second half of the war. Hundreds of malaria studies and thousands of new and effective antimalarial compounds were produced by these alliances.

This case study examines Sanders Hospital's (fictitious name) decision on a strategy for developing a specialized cardiovascular program. Cardiovascular services had been identified as an opportunity to assist Sanders better compete in the turbulent hospital industry. The hospital was in the process of determining the best alternative for seizing and pursuing this opportunity. Two options were under consideration. First, Sanders could implement the program internally and compete directly in the market. The second option was to jointly develop the cardiovascular program through an alliance with one of the two regional hospitals who were contemplating entering Sanders' market area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides fresh insights into the life of Henry L. Gantt by examining the papers of Duncan C. Lyle (1847-1938), Grant's confidant, friend, and former teacher at the McDonogh's School in Maryland. Lyle's papers at the McDonogh School include previously unrecorded articles and personal letters of Gantt's along with articles about him. These materials reveal new information about Gantt during his collaboration with Frederick W. Taylor and during his later years when he acted independently. Of particular interest are items pertaining to Gantt's involvement with a group called The New Machine and the question of Gantt's sanity in his later years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]