1. Transformation of sedimentary dissolved organic matter in electrokinetic remediation catalogued by FT-ICR mass spectrometry.
- Author
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Maqbool T, Chen H, Wang Q, McKenna AM, and Jiang D
- Subjects
- Mass Spectrometry, Environmental Restoration and Remediation, Fourier Analysis, Organic Chemicals chemistry, Organic Chemicals analysis, Geologic Sediments chemistry
- Abstract
In electrokinetic remediation (EKR), the sedimentary dissolved organic matter (DOM) could impede remediation by scavenging reactive species and generating unintended byproducts. Yet its transformation and mechanisms remained largely unknown. This study conducted molecular-level characterization of the water-extractable DOM (WEOM) in EKR using negative-ion electrospray ionization coupled to 21 tesla Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (21 T FT-ICR MS). The results suggested that ∼55 % of the ∼7,000 WEOM compounds identified were reactive, and EKR lowered their diversity, molecular weight distribution, and double-bond equivalent (DBE) through a combination of electrochemical and microbial redox reactions. Heteroatom-containing WEOM (CHON and CHOS) were abundant (∼ 35% of the total WEOM), with CHOS generally being more reactive than CHON. Low electric potential (1 V/cm) promoted the growth of dealkylation and desulfurization bacteria, and led to anodic CO
2 mineralization, anodic cleavage of -SO and -SO3 , and cathodic cleavage of -SH2 ; high electric potential (2 V/cm) only enriched desulfurization bacteria, and differently, led to anodic oxygenation and cathodic hydrogenation of unsaturated and phenolic compounds, in addition to cathodic cleavage of -SH2 . The long-term impact of these changes on soil quality and nitrogen-sulfur-carbon flux may be need to studied to identify unknown risks and new applications of EKR., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2024
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