Search

The term 'human rights-based approach' is common in rights and international development literature. Yet there is no single, universally agreed definition of a human rights-based approach, let alone its application to the right to health. This article uses a PRISMA-informed systematic literature review to address the question, 'What is the current status of the human rights-based approach to health in international law?' Previous reviews have described how international organizations and development donors have tackled human rights-based approaches to development generally and discussed prominent works on human rights-based approaches to health. However, this is the first review to sample the peer-reviewed literature systematically. The study revealed that authors use the terms 'human rights', 'human rights-based approach' and 'right to health' to import a raft of legal implications, or none at all. Similarly, readers may assign legal meanings to these terms, or none at all. Confusion arises because although these terms often have different meanings for authors and readers from different disciplines, this is not commonly acknowledged, and authors rarely clarify their perspectives. The author concludes that scholars should seek co-authors with human rights law or public health qualifications, as relevant. Most academic institutions research and teach health and law separately; interdisciplinary centres of excellence in health, law and human rights offer an opportunity to overcome these historical obstacles to interdisciplinary dialogue and understanding. The study and its conclusions will be of interest to legal researchers, human rights advocates, public health scholars, and advocates from other disciplines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explores a method of distinguishing authorship by word length in modern spelling in William Shakespeare and George Peele's play "King John." It shows the average word length in modern spelling of six collaborative plays and Shakespeare First Folio plays, word length in Shakespeare and Peele plays, and size in words and average word length in "King John." An interpretive analysis of the relationship between "King John" and "Troublesome Reign of King John" is presented.

This article presents a meta-analysis of six randomized clinical trials comparing magnetic ureteral stents to conventional ureteral stents. The analysis found that while magnetic stents offer potential benefits such as easier removal, concerns over safety and efficacy have limited their widespread use. The study provides detailed information about the individual studies included in the analysis, highlighting the lack of significant differences between the two types of stents in terms of pain, general health, work performance, and sexual matters. However, magnetic stents were associated with more frequent urinary symptoms. The study acknowledges the limitations of the included trials and suggests the need for further research in this area. [Extracted from the article]

Observations of gravitational waves emitted by merging compact binaries have provided tantalizing hints about stellar astrophysics, cosmology, and fundamental physics. However, the physical parameters describing the systems (mass, spin, distance) used to extract these inferences about the Universe are subject to large uncertainties. The most widely used method of performing these analyses requires performing many Monte Carlo integrals to marginalize over the uncertainty in the properties of the individual binaries and the survey selection bias. These Monte Carlo integrals are subject to fundamental statistical uncertainties. Previous treatments of this statistical uncertainty have focused on ensuring that the precision of the inferred inference is unaffected; however, these works have neglected the question of whether sufficient accuracy can also be achieved. In this work, we provide a practical exploration of the impact of uncertainty in our analyses and provide a suggested framework for verifying that astrophysical inferences made with the gravitational-wave transient catalogue are accurate. Applying our framework to models used by the LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA collaboration and in the wider literature, we find that Monte Carlo uncertainty in estimating the survey selection bias is the limiting factor in our ability to probe narrow population models and this will rapidly grow more problematic as the size of the observed population increases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article attempts to clarify the issue of the copyrightability of AI-based output by streamlining the assessment of human creative contribution to the creation process assisted by generative AI systems. It starts with briefly outlining the state of the art of modern generative AI systems contributing to a better understanding of AI. Then the article presents a five-part test to distinguish between sufficient and insufficient human creative participation and contemplates the following authorship scenarios: sole authorship of AI designers or users; their joint authorship; and non-authorship. The article proceeds with applying the test to output produced using Midjourney, a generative AI tool. It concludes that in many cases of using AI to create output human creative participation remains sufficient for copyright protection eligibility. However, there are also developments and circumstances that drive the increase in 'authorless' AI-based output. Moreover, depending on the specific circumstances, using even the same AI system may lead to different test results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multisectoral collaboration has been identified as a critical component in a wide variety of health and development initiatives. For India's Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) scheme, which serves >100 million people annually across more than one million villages, a key point of multisectoral collaboration—or 'convergence', as it is often called in India—is between the three frontline worker cadres jointly responsible for delivering essential maternal and child health and nutritional services throughout the country: the Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA), Anganwadi worker (AWW) and auxiliary nurse midwife (ANM) or 'AAA' workers. Despite the long-recognized importance of collaboration within this triad, there has been relatively little documentation of what this looks like in practice and what is needed in order to improve it. Informed by a conceptual framework of collaborative governance, this study applies inductive thematic analysis of in-depth interviews with 18 AAA workers and 6 medical officers from 6 villages across three administrative blocks in Hardoi district of Uttar Pradesh state to identify the key elements of collaboration. These are grouped into three broad categories: 'organizational' (including interdependence, role clarity, guidance/support and resource availability); 'relational' (interpersonal and conflict resolution) and 'personal' (flexibility, diligence and locus of control). These findings underscore the importance of 'personal' and 'relational' collaboration features, which are underemphasized in India's ICDS, the largest of its kind globally, and in the multisectoral collaboration literature more broadly—both of which place greater emphasis on 'organizational' aspects of collaboration. These findings are largely consistent with prior studies but are notably different in that they highlight the importance of flexibility, locus of control and conflict resolution in collaborative relationships, all of which relate to one's ability to adapt to unexpected obstacles and find mutually workable solutions with colleagues. From a policy perspective, supporting these key elements of collaboration may involve giving frontline workers more autonomy in how they get the work done, which may in some cases be impeded by additional training to reinforce worker role delineation, closer monitoring or other top-down efforts to push greater convergence. Given the essential role that frontline workers play in multisectoral initiatives in India and around the world, there is a clear need for policymakers and managers to understand the elements affecting collaboration between these workers when designing and implementing programmes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses an unpublished research by professor Gabriel Egan about the co-authorship of the play "King John" by William Shakespeare. Topics include Egan's division of the play into 40 equal sized blocks and each consisting of 2,000-word rolling windows, his use of the word adjacency networks (WAN) method of authorship discrimination in the research, and his findings that Block 16 of the play resembled the dramatic writing of George Peele.

This article investigates Leveller prehistory by analysing three polemical tracts of 1646–7. William Walwyn and Richard Overton arguably collaborated in the Remonstrance of Many Thousand Citizens and in the New Found Stratagem Framed in the Old Forge of Machivilisme , as well as in the Warning to All the Counties of England. Their denunciations of the dominant Presbyterian faction supported the independent alliance; but they employed distinctive language too extreme for many independents, pointing to their increasing political ambiguity. Their collaboration challenges scholarly characterizations of Walwyn's 'gentle' style. The essay concludes by examining the related emergence of London, army and county radicals, some of whom would soon become Levellers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This is a correction to: Xi-Wei Zhang, Jing-Jie Song, Shi-Han Zeng, Yu-Lan Huang, Jia-Jun Luo, Wei-Long Guo, Xiao-Yan Li, Plasmid-mediated azithromycin resistance in non-typhoidal Salmonella recovered from human infections, Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Volume 79, Issue 10, October 2024, Pages 2688–2697, https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkae281The article has been updated to indicate joint first authorship on the part of the first two listed authors. [Extracted from the article]

Policymakers increasingly emphasize knowledge collaboration between academia and society as important means to generate innovations and solve complex issues. However, while recent literature on such collaboration suggests that knowledge needs to be integrated and generated across disciplines and sectors, there are surprisingly few studies that define what is meant by 'knowledge' or focus on the process of generating knowledge. Subsequently, the aim of this paper is to unbox 'knowledge' in knowledge collaboration by focusing specifically on how knowledge is understood by heterogenous actors during the process of generating knowledge. We build on insights from an in-depth case study and contribute to the literature on knowledge collaboration by bringing in theory on boundary work that specifically addresses the knowledge generation process. We argue that to better meet the expectations of collaboration, there is a need for more discussions and focus on the participating stakeholders' heterogenous epistemological as well as ontological understanding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This is a correction to: Eva W H Korte, Tobias Welponer, Jan Kottner, Sjoukje van der Werf, Peter C van den Akker, Barbara Horváth, Dimitra Kiritsi, Martin Laimer, Anna M G Pasmooij, Verena Wally, Maria C Bolling, Heterogeneity of reported outcomes in epidermolysis bullosa clinical research: a scoping review as a first step towards outcome harmonization, British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 189, Issue 1, July 2023, Pages 80–90, https://doi.org/10.1093/bjd/ljad077The published article has been updated to identify the first two listed authors as joint first authors and to update listed affiliations. [Extracted from the article]

I Love in a Village i was first performed at London's Covent Garden theatre on 8 December 1762. The edition is less uncomplicatedly successful in another of its main aims, the reattribution of I Love in a Village i from the prominent English composer Thomas Arne (1710-78) to the little-known Edward Toms (d. 1775), a Trumpeter Royal and probably a member of the Covent Garden house band. Arne wrote the majority of the music in I Love in a Village i : over half of the "borrowed" numbers and five of the six newly composed airs. [Extracted from the article]

Complex health policy challenges such as antimicrobial resistance and other emerging infections are driven by activities in multiple sectors. Therefore, addressing these also requires joint efforts from multiple sectors as exemplified in the One Health approach. We undertake a critical review to examine the different ways in which multisector partnerships have been conceptualized across multiple disciplines and thematic areas. We started with a set of six articles from the disciplines of health, nutrition and public administration that reviewed conceptual frameworks within their respective fields. We conducted backward citation tracing using the bibliography of the six articles to identify other articles in the same and related fields that conceptualized multisector partnerships. We identified 58 articles published from 1967 to 2018 from the fields of global health, infectious diseases, management, nutrition and sustainability sciences indicating that multisector partnerships have been a topic of study across different fields for several decades. A thematic analysis of the 58 articles revealed that multisector partnerships assume a variety of forms and have been described in different ways. Partnerships can be categorized by scope, scale, formality and strength. Multisector partnerships emerge in conditions of dynamic uncertainty and sector failure when the information and resources required are beyond the capacities of any individual sector. Such partnerships are inherently political in nature and subsume multiple competing agendas of collaborating actors. Sustaining collaborations over a long period of time will require collaborative approaches like One Health to accommodate competing political perspectives and include flexibility to allow multisector partnerships to respond to changing external dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is a call for US-based historians to consider participating in strategic collaboration with fellow academics in their field. Out of a series of lucky encounters in person and with documentary collections, the authors, both archival historians, created a generous and expansive collaboration both in research and writing. Galvanized by the shift in working conditions occasioned by the coronavirus, the authors map out how the field in the United States should change to accommodate and reward such collaboration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Computational stylistics has developed various methods for investigating and attributing authorship of collaborative literary texts. This article investigates 'precursory authorship' (Love, 2002): that is, the authorial traces of a source text that inform—to a greater or lesser degree—a subsequent literary output, in order to establish its relevance for our approach to and understanding of the linguistic properties of literary style. Precursory authorship and derivative adaptations are common features of early modern English drama, and the study focusses on two case studies relating to the plays of Restoration playwright, Aphra Behn (c. 1640–89). Using a combination of quantitative methods (Rolling Delta (RD), principal components analysis (PCA), Delta, and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis), the investigation highlights the presence of precursory authorial style in Behn's The Rover and an anonymous work associated with Behn, The Counterfeit Bridegroom. The results suggest that precursory authorial style is identifiable in both cases, not only through a similarity with the source text but, to a lesser degree, other texts by the precursory author as well. The anonymous play yields complex and non-confirmatory evidence for Behn's authorship. Methodologically, RD is most sensitive to precursory collaboration. Collectively, the findings highlight the importance of stylistic factors when describing and interpreting literary linguistic quantitative data: precursory authorial style is another facet that intersects with properties such as time period and genre. The article urges a more critical and theoretically informed view of authorially aligned linguistic style. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on difference in word frequency as part of play "Henry VIII" by playwrights John Fletcher and William Shakespeare. Topics discussed include suspicions raised concerning co-authorship of several scenes of the play, Queen Katherine's alteration which evolves the acknowledged portrayal by Shakespeare, and change in direction that occurs in words.

The Voices of Memory project started with a fairly simple premise: to highlight women's life experiences under dictatorship. What started as a one-week workshop in 2017 evolved into a collaborative process of co-creation – the Voices of Memory project – using creative means of expression to help raise awareness of the impact of repression on Tunisian women. A formative principle, and primary contribution of this project, was a fully collaborative methodology. In this article, we reflect on and make explicit an approach we adopted intuitively and experimentally, drawing also on best practice in participatory action research and methods of co-creation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

I argue that sometimes a group can author a work of art without the work being either co-authored or multiply-authored. Sometimes the group, itself, is an author, rather than any of its members alone or together. I argue that when a group is an author like this, it has mental properties that no individual member of the group possesses. For example, we can consider the groups that authored digital remixes based on a film titled #INTRODUCTIONS created by the artists LaBeouf, Rönkkö & Turner. YouTubers posted their digital remixes online, and the question is: Who authored those remixes? I contend that many digital remixes are authored by groups that are capable of cognition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This is a correction to: Wei-Kai Li, Qing-Lu Mu, Meng Yang, Wei Feng, Min Zhong, Iterative approaches for regional Moho determination using on-orbit gravity gradients: a case study in Qinghai–Tibet Plateau and its near zone, Geophysical Journal International, Volume 235, Issue 1, October 2023, Pages 765–777, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggad281In the originally published version of this manuscript, it was not made clear that Wei-Kai Li and Qing-Lu Mu are joint first authors. This has now been clarified in a footnote to that effect.This error has been corrected online. [Extracted from the article]

To ascertain attitudes to resourcing, collaboration and publication in toxicology, a survey was developed and distributed to British Toxicology Society (BTS) members. The survey comprised 14 questions with 5 response options (strongly agree; agree; conflicted; disagree; strongly disagree) and a free text box. One hundred completed surveys were received by the cut-off date for data analysis. Unsurprisingly, 60% of participants disagreed or strongly disagreed that toxicology research is adequately funded in the UK; only 12% agreed with this statement. A similar proportion of participants (53%) disagreed with the statement that funding councils give equal opportunity to toxicology whereas 31% were conflicted on this point. An overwhelming 97% of respondents agreed that collaboration is important in driving toxicology research whereas only 38% agreed that competition is important. When this question was broadened out beyond the discipline of toxicology, a similar profile was seen suggesting that participants held similar views on toxicology versus other types of research. Many respondents were conflicted regarding the role of competition both in toxicology and in other research disciplines. Free text comments suggested that some competition is good to drive quality but can be counterproductive when competing for limited resources. Most participants were in favour of making toxicology research data openly available (86%) and in favour of open access publication (89%) although there were reservations about the cost of open access. Many (60%) thought the current system of peer review is fair but 65% also supported the idea of double-blind peer review (where both reviewer and author are anonymized). Others suggested a step in the opposite direction towards increased transparency (revealing and holding reviewers to account) would be preferable. Overall, there was a broad theme in free text responses that the need for experienced toxicologists has increased at a time when training and investment in the discipline has declined. However, not all respondents held that view with some noting that toxicology both as a research and as an applied discipline is strong within the UK scientific community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Of course Auschwitz-Birkenau is crucial, but it was part of a larger history and geography of genocide; one will find in the present volume only occasional references to other Sonderkommandos (notably, T reblinka). Certainly, Chare and W illiams have succeeded in this goal, and I would recommend their volume as well for the strong dive rsity of the contributions. Book Revi ews 103 Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/hgs/article/35/1/102/6184879 by 81695661, OUP on 29 March 2021 The unifying thread for the collected essays is an argument for the centrality of the Sonderkommando to understanding the Holocaust. [Extracted from the article]

This document is a correction to an article titled "Unlocking secrets of microbial ecotoxicology: recent achievements and future challenges" published in FEMS Microbiology Ecology. The correction addresses an error in the originally published version of the manuscript, where the names of all co-authors except for the first author were transposed. The correct names of the co-authors are provided in the correction. The error has been corrected in the article. [Extracted from the article]

Julia Kogan v (1) Nicholas Martin (2) Big Hat Stories Limited (3) Florence Film Limited (4) Pathe Productions Limited (5) Qwerty Films Limited [2019] EWCA Civ 1645 The dispute between Ms Kogan and Mr Martin (and various film companies) regarding the authorship (or joint authorship) of the screenplay for the film depicting socialite Florence Foster Jenkins has been granted a retrial following a decision by the Court of Appeal that included an explanation of the criteria for joint authorship under UK law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Cheung Kong Scholars Program has become a nationally important, high-level talent plan. In this study, we determined whether the research output and coauthorship pattern of Cheung Kong Scholars changed after their receipt of the award. We selected the 83 recipients of the 2005 Cheung Kong Scholars Award and identified a total of 11,522 Science/Social Sciences Citation Index papers published between 1996 and 2015 by these awardees. The analysis was divided into two 10-year periods—the preaward (1996–2005) and postaward (2006–15) periods—to investigate changes in the scholars' research performance. The results revealed that the number of papers authored by each Cheung Kong Scholar increased significantly, and there were also significant increases between the two periods in terms of average citation count and journal impact factor, suggesting that the quality of the scholars' papers improved in tandem with the quantity. Second, a quadrant chart revealed that individuals exhibited different trends in productivity and impact, but their impacts' distribution in the postaward period was much more concentrated than that in the preaward period. Third, the scholars' coauthorship patterns changed significantly after receiving the award—not only their number of coauthors per paper significantly increased but also their authorship role changed significantly. In both number and proportion, they became less likely to act as the first author, but more likely to be listed as the last author. Furthermore, they published more papers as corresponding author, and more papers as the first, corresponding, or last author, though their proportion did not change significantly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author presents a literary criticism of the English play "Henry VIII" by William Shakespeare and John Fletcher. He discusses the issue of what lines are attributed to which author, the use of literary analysis software to assist in this process, and the changes in attribution that resulted from such an analysis.

Background: Research across the formal, natural and social sciences has greatly expanded our knowledge about complex systems in recent decades, informing a broadly inclusive, cross-disciplinary conceptual framework referred to as Systems Thinking (ST). Its use in public health is rapidly increasing, although there remains a poor understanding of how these ideas have been imported, adapted and elaborated by public health research networks worldwide.Method: This review employed a mixed methods approach to narrate the development of ST in public health. Tabulated results from a literature search of the Web of Science Core Collection database were used to perform a bibliometric analysis and literature review. Annual publication counts and citation scores were used to analyse trends and identify popular and potential 'landmark' publications. Citation network and co-authorship network diagrams were analysed to identify groups of articles and researchers in various network roles.Results: Our search string related to 763 publications. Filtering excluded 208 publications while citation tracing identified 2 texts. The final 557 publications were analysed, revealing a near-exponential growth in literature over recent years. Half of all articles were published after 2010 with almost a fifth (17.8%) published in 2014. Bibliographic analysis identified five distinct citation and co-authorship groups homophilous by common geography, research focus, inspiration or institutional affiliation.As a loosely related set of sciences, many public health researchers have developed different aspects of ST based on their underlying perspective. Early studies were inspired by Management-related literature, while later groups adopted a broadly inclusive understanding which incorporated related Systems sciences and approaches.Conclusion: ST is an increasingly popular subject of discussion within public health although its understanding and approaches remain unclear. Briefly tracing the introduction and development of these ideas and author groups in public health literature may provide clarity and opportunities for further learning, research and development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses two major initiatives tasked with developing tools to improve optical character recognition (OCR) or the mechanical keying of texts that are digitally available only as page images. The two initiatives are the IMProving ACcess to Text Project in Europe and the Early Modern OCR Project in the USA. Because of dealing with a multilayered problem like OCR technologies and having to collaborate with radically interdisciplinary and international team members, the two projects developed techniques that we call Agile Project Management, outlined in this essay with rationales for their use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The authorship of the 1924 short story 'The Loved Dead' has been contested by family members of Clifford Martin Eddy, Jr. and Sunand Tryambak Joshi, a leading scholar on Howard Phillips Lovecraft. The authors of this article use stylometric methods to provide evidence for a claim about the authorship of the story and to analyze the nature of Eddy's collaboration with Lovecraft. Further, we extend Rybicki, Hoover, and Kestemont's (Collaborative authorship: Conrad, Ford, and rolling delta. Literary and Linguistic Computing, 2014; 29, 422-31) analysis of stylometry as it relates to collaborations in order to reveal the necessary considerations for employing a stylometric approach to authorial collaboration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper uses a sample of articles published in the period 1999-2013 by economists affiliated to Portuguese institutions to examine the impact of co-authorship on the quality of academic research. We build a unique database to characterize the role played by distinct affiliations and educational backgrounds in this process, while controlling for experience and individual quality levels. Mentoring relationships are identified as a possible source of negative bias on the measurement of teamwork productivity, which we proxy and quantify here. The empirical results also suggest that co-authorship across domestic institutions does not carry any significant impact on research quality, but international collaboration enhances it. A doctorate earned abroad is shown to directly improve publication outcomes, besides making it easier to establish partnerships across frontiers. These findings underscore the importance of accessing external knowledge networks, offering relevant policy insights for a large number of small and less developed countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses joint authorship and its challenges for courts in Poland and tackles doubts raised by joint authorship in courtrooms, examples of court cases to assess the question of agreement as a condition for joint authorship.

This article examines Mary Godwin and Percy Bysshe Shelley's 1814 shared elopement journal, evidencing the initial collaboration between the couple, to trace the ways in which formal elements of the journal's entries illuminate the interlocked system of collaborative connection and interpersonal identification engaged in by the couple. Tracing the entries as a way of marking the couple's convergence, and examining Godwin and Shelley's attempt to redefine themselves from singular individualism to radical pluralism, this article considers the beginnings of a sympathetic collaboration taking place within the journal's shared pages. The elopement journal supports, in a broader sense, a new understanding of literary collaboration that is necessarily informed by the mechanics of the writing process, illustrated in the formal elements of the prose and textual or marginal traces within the manuscripts. The private circulation of feeling and sympathy within individual entries mimics the physical circulation of texts and ideas between the couple. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nicholas Martin, Big Hat Stories Limited v Julia Kogan, Florence Film Limited, Pathé Productions Limited, Qwerty Films Limited [2017] EWHC 2927 (IPEC), 22 November 2017 In its 2017 decision in Martin v Kogan, the UK Intellectual Property Enterprise Court (IPEC) ruled that Ms Kogan's contribution to the screenplay for the film Florence Foster Jenkins, starring Hugh Grant and Meryl Streep in the role of Florence Foster Jenkins, a famous American socialite known for her poor opera singing, was insufficient to amount to joint authorship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Contending that collaboration management practices and interpersonal relationships are the main factors in successful collaboration in R&D, scholars have turned their attention to the relationships between collaborators. Internal factors in research collaboration activities are not yet understood at the team level. They are the so-called black box of collaboration study. The purpose of this paper is to empirically demonstrate how factors relating to team characteristics, motivation, and processes influence research impact. The study works from a multi-theoretical perspective, extending from behavioral science to general management study, and seeks to answer the question: How should we organize and manage a collaborative team to improve its research impact? The empirical results show that, along with previously identified qualitative and quantitative factors, input factors such as: project motivation, transformational leadership, frequent face-to-face communication, more outsourcing, more attentional resource, and more evenly distributed workload improve research impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hildegard of Bingen (1098-1179) is one of the most influential female authors of the Middle Ages. From the point of view of computational stylistics, the oeuvre attributed to Hildegard is fascinating. Hildegard dictated her texts to secretaries in Latin, a language of which she did not master all grammatical subtleties. She therefore allowed her scribes to correct her spelling and grammar. Especially Hildegard's last collaborator, Guibert of Gembloux, seems to have considerably reworked her works during his secretaryship. Whereas her other scribes were only allowed to make superficial linguistic changes, Hildegard would have permitted Guibert to render her language stylistically more elegant. In this article, we focus on two shorter texts: the Visio ad Guibertum missa and Visio de Sancto Martino, both of which Hildegard allegedly authored during Guibert's secretaryship. We analyze a corpus containing the letter collections of Hildegard, Guibert, and Bernard of Clairvaux using a number of common stylometric techniques. We discuss our results in the light of the Synergy Hypothesis, suggesting that texts resulting from collaboration can display a style markedly different from that of the collaborating authors. Finally, we demonstrate that Guibert must have reworked the disputed visionary texts allegedly authored by Hildegard to such an extent that style-oriented computational procedures attribute the texts to Guibert. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the collaboration between dramatist Christopher Fry and composer Michael Tippet for several literary works, including the musical piece "Dance, Clarion Air". Topics covered include the structure of Fry's words for the piece, the use of rapid repetition by Tippet for the piece, Tippet's use of the semi-chorus to harness the poem's echoic quality, and the friendship between Fry and Tippet.

The stereotype of the multi-authored Digital Humanities paper is well known but has not, until now, been empirically investigated. Here we present the results of a statistical analysis of collaborative publishing patterns in Computers and the Humanities (CHum) (1966–2004); Literary and Linguistic Computing (LLC) (1986–2011); and, as a control, the Annals of the Association of American Geographers (AAAG) (1966–2013) in order to take a first step towards investigating concepts of ‘collaboration’ in Digital Humanities. We demonstrate that in two core Digital Humanities journals, CHum and LLC, single-authored papers predominate. In AAAG, single-authored papers are also predominant. In regard to multi-authored papers the statistically significant increases are more wide-ranging in AAAG than in either LLC or CHum, with increases in all forms of multi-authorship. The author connectivity scores show that in CHum, LLC, and AAAG, there is a relatively small cohort of authors who co-publish with a wide set of other authors, and a longer tail of authors for whom co-publishing is less common. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on two related issues: authorship distinction and the analysis of characters’ voices in fiction. It deals with the case of Elisabeth Wolff and Agatha Deken, two women writers from the Netherlands who collaboratively published several epistolary novels at the end of the 18th century. First, the task division between the two authors will be analysed based on their usage of words and their frequencies. Next, any stylistic differences between the characters (letter writers) will be dealt with. The focus lies on Wolff’s and Deken’s first joint novel, Sara Burgerhart (1782). As to the authorship, nothing clearly showed a clear task division, which implies that Deken’s and Wolff’s writing styles are very much alike. This confirms findings of other scholars, who found that collaborating authors jointly produce a style that is distinguishable from both authors’ personal styles. As to stylistic differences in the voices of the characters in Sara Burgerhart, it was found that only a couple of the letter writers are clearly distinguishable compared with the main characters in the novel. I experimented with two possible tools to zoom in on the exact differences between those characters, but the methods are still too subjective to my taste. In the follow-up research, I will look further than words and their frequencies as building stones of literary style. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on Burrows's measure of stylometric difference that uses frequencies of most frequent words, Rolling Delta is a method for revealing stylometric signals of two (or more) authors in a collaborative text. It is applied here to study the texts written jointly by Joseph Conrad and Ford Madox Ford, producing results that generally confirm the usual critical consensus on the visibility of the two author's hand. It also confirms that Ford's claims to a sizeable fragment in Nostromo are unfounded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, I use the example of the novel Micro, authored by Michael Crichton and Richard Preston, to tease out the relationships between an author and his work and with other authors of that work. The case presents a complication for a number of contemporary views on authorship and co-authorship, which suggest that Crichton is either not an author of the novel or an author but not a co-author-both, I suggest, are counterintuitive views. After working through the leading views on the topic, I present my own view of authorship, co-authorship, and multiple authorship, centrally resting on issues of power, responsibility, and creation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using personal observations and the results from a variety of studies on gender and scholarship, this paper demonstrates that our discipline often holds women's research in lower esteem. It does so by examining gendered patterns in various cultures of academic life, the processes by which intellectual leaders emerge, and coauthorship as one of the most significant social activities undertaken by researchers. Solutions at all institutional levels-professional organizations, journals, grant organizations, universities and colleges, graduate colleges, departments-are suggested. And even well-intentioned individuals, in a variety of roles-departmental leaders, panel organizers, discussants, bloggers, instructors, mentors, colleagues, authors, and journalists-must be willing to examine and change their own practices. The result is win-win: valuing women's research is better for female and male academics, students' intellectual health, the strength of colleges and universities, and the long-run vitality of professional organizations and journals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the disputed authorship of the play "Arden of Faversham," particularly exploring the possibility of English playwright William Shakespeare being the author. It addresses the potential of the play being a collaboration, similarities in the play with Shakespeare's typical tone and voice, and the use of computer programs to determine contested authorship.

The article discusses topics relating to the play "All Is True," or "Henry VIII," by William Shakespeare, particularly commenting on the possibility of Shakespeare employing coauthors. It addresses deviations from common ideologies used by Shakespeare, the use of feminine passages, and Shakespeare's typical versification.