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Septic arthritis of the sternoclavicular joint is a rare joint infection, and it sometimes leads to a chest wall abscess or mediastinitis. We report a case of a 70-year-old man who was diagnosed with empyema caused by an anterior chest wall abscess extended from septic arthritis of the sternoclavicular joint. It is very rare that arthritis causes empyema combined with an anterior chest wall abscess, and this is the first report of such a case. The patient was successfully treated with surgical drainage., Competing Interests: None declared., (Published by Oxford University Press and JSCR Publishing Ltd. © The Author(s) 2024.)

Catamenial pneumothorax (CP) is reported to be caused by the endometriosis of diaphragm, lung and parietal pleura. Therefore, the resection of endometriotic lesion in these organs is reported as effective surgical treatment. Overlooking of endometrial tissues during the operation is believed to be the cause of recurrence after surgical treatment. To address this problem, we underwent total diaphragm covering (TDC) and total pleural covering with sheets of oxidized regenerated cellulose mesh. This report described two CP cases that underwent total diaphragm covering (TDC) and total pleural covering. Both patients were followed up for 1 year without recurrence., Competing Interests: None declared., (Published by Oxford University Press and JSCR Publishing Ltd. © The Author(s) 2023.)

Lipomas are common benign tumors, which are usually located in the subcutaneous tissue. It is relatively rare for lipoma to occur in the intrathoracic cavity, and it is clinically difficult to distinguish it from liposarcoma. We present the case of a 72-year-old man with a chest wall tumor preoperatively diagnosed as liposarcoma, with tumor enlargement with radiological image change to heterogenous and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography uptake. The tumor was resected along the chest wall, lung and diaphragm because of dense adhesions. The tumor was diagnosed as lipoma with fat necrosis and inflammatory changes., (Published by Oxford University Press and JSCR Publishing Ltd. © The Author(s) 2023.)

Solitary fibrous tumors of the pleura (SFTP) are relatively rare primary pleural tumors. Four-dimensional computed tomography (4D-CT) is reportedly useful in assessing parietal pleural invasion and adhesion in patients with lung cancer. We report a case in which 4D-CT was performed to evaluate SFTP localization and parietal pleural invasion and adhesions. A 62-year-old female presented with an abnormality on a chest radiograph. Chest CT revealed a well-demarcated solid nodule in the left lower lobe adjacent to the pleura. We considered that the tumor was intrapulmonary or arose from the visceral pleura, without adhesion or invasion to the chest wall based on 4D-CT. Primary lung cancer was suspected, and the tumor was resected. Pathological diagnosis revealed an SFTP. This case suggests that 4D-CT is useful in predicting the localization of SFTP and other thoracic tumors, assessing chest wall adhesion and invasion, and making surgical strategies., (Published by Oxford University Press and JSCR Publishing Ltd. © The Author(s) 2021.)

An angiolipoma is a benign tumor, and a primary mediastinal angiolipoma is extremely rare. Herein, we describe the presentation and management of a posterior mediastinal angiolipoma in a woman with loss of consciousness. Chest computed tomography (CT) revealed a contrast-enhancing mass in the right posterior mediastinum, with intercostal arterial blood supply identified on three-dimensional reconstruction CT (3D-CT). Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a fatty component. Pre-operative embolization of the supplying intercostal artery was performed to reduce intraoperative bleeding. Mass resection was performed using video-assisted thoracic surgery. Histopathology confirmed angiolipoma diagnosis. Although rare, a posterior mediastinum angiolipoma should be considered a possibility; 3D-CT and pre-operative embolization may be useful in the surgical treatment of hypervascular mediastinal tumors, such as angiolipomas., (Published by Oxford University Press and JSCR Publishing Ltd. © The Author(s) 2021.)