1. Geminiviruses employ host DNA glycosylases to subvert DNA methylation-mediated defense.
- Author
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Gui X, Liu C, Qi Y, and Zhou X
- Subjects
- Arabidopsis virology, DNA, Viral metabolism, Plant Diseases virology, Plant Proteins metabolism, Protein Binding, Satellite Viruses pathogenicity, Nicotiana virology, Viral Proteins metabolism, Virulence, Begomovirus pathogenicity, DNA Glycosylases metabolism, DNA Methylation genetics, Host-Pathogen Interactions genetics
- Abstract
DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism that plays important roles in gene regulation and transposon silencing. Active DNA demethylation has evolved to counterbalance DNA methylation at many endogenous loci. Here, we report that active DNA demethylation also targets viral DNAs, tomato yellow leaf curl China virus (TYLCCNV) and its satellite tomato yellow leaf curl China betasatellite (TYLCCNB), to promote their virulence. We demonstrate that the βC1 protein, encoded by TYLCCNB, interacts with a ROS1-like DNA glycosylase in Nicotiana benthamiana and with the DEMETER (DME) DNA glycosylase in Arabidopsis thaliana. The interaction between βC1 and DME facilitates the DNA glycosylase activity to decrease viral DNA methylation and promote viral virulence. These findings reveal that active DNA demethylation can be regulated by a viral protein to subvert DNA methylation-mediated defense., (© 2022. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2022
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