65 results on '"Drosten, Christian"'
Search Results
2. Divergent Genotype of Hepatitis A Virus in Alpacas, Bolivia, 2019.
- Author
-
Veith T, Beltran-Saavedra LF, Bleicker T, Schmidt ML, Mollericona JL, Grützmacher K, Wallace R, Drexler JF, Walzer C, Jones TC, Drosten C, and Corman VM
- Subjects
- Animals, Humans, Bolivia epidemiology, Genotype, RNA, Hepatitis A virus genetics, Camelids, New World
- Abstract
Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is a common human pathogen found exclusively in primates. In a molecular and serologic study of 64 alpacas in Bolivia, we detected RNA of distinct HAV in ≈9% of animals and HAV antibodies in ≈64%. Complete-genome analysis suggests a long association of HAV with alpacas.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. US National Institutes of Health Prioritization of SARS-CoV-2 Variants.
- Author
-
Turner S, Alisoltani A, Bratt D, Cohen-Lavi L, Dearlove BL, Drosten C, Fischer WM, Fouchier RAM, Gonzalez-Reiche AS, Jaroszewski L, Khalil Z, LeGresley E, Johnson M, Jones TC, Mühlemann B, O'Connor D, Sedova M, Shukla M, Theiler J, Wallace ZS, Yoon H, Zhang Y, van Bakel H, Degrace MM, Ghedin E, Godzik A, Hertz T, Korber B, Lemieux J, Niewiadomska AM, Post DJ, Rolland M, Scheuermann R, and Smith DJ
- Subjects
- United States epidemiology, Humans, National Institutes of Health (U.S.), SARS-CoV-2 genetics, COVID-19 epidemiology
- Abstract
Since late 2020, SARS-CoV-2 variants have regularly emerged with competitive and phenotypic differences from previously circulating strains, sometimes with the potential to escape from immunity produced by prior exposure and infection. The Early Detection group is one of the constituent groups of the US National Institutes of Health National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases SARS-CoV-2 Assessment of Viral Evolution program. The group uses bioinformatic methods to monitor the emergence, spread, and potential phenotypic properties of emerging and circulating strains to identify the most relevant variants for experimental groups within the program to phenotypically characterize. Since April 2021, the group has prioritized variants monthly. Prioritization successes include rapidly identifying most major variants of SARS-CoV-2 and providing experimental groups within the National Institutes of Health program easy access to regularly updated information on the recent evolution and epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 that can be used to guide phenotypic investigations.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Effectiveness of Naturally Acquired and Vaccine-Induced Immune Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Mu Variant.
- Author
-
de Oliveira-Filho EF, Rincon-Orozco B, Jones-Cifuentes N, Peña-López B, Mühlemann B, Drosten C, Moreira-Soto A, and Drexler JF
- Subjects
- Humans, Immunity, SARS-CoV-2, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus, COVID-19, Viral Vaccines
- Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 Mu variant emerged in Colombia in 2021 and spread globally. In 49 serum samples from vaccinees and COVID-19 survivors in Colombia, neutralization was significantly lower (p<0.0001) for Mu than a parental strain and variants of concern. Only the Omicron variant of concern demonstrated higher immune evasion.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant, Benin, May-July 2021.
- Author
-
Yadouleton A, Sander AL, Adewumi P, de Oliveira Filho EF, Tchibozo C, Hounkanrin G, René KK, Ange D, Kohoun RK, Nari RC, Salifou S, Saizonou R, Kakai CG, Bedié SV, Al Onifade F, Nagel M, Aïssi MAJ, Akogbeto P, Drosten C, Wulf B, Moreira-Soto A, Djingarey MH, Hounkpatin B, and Drexler JF
- Subjects
- Benin epidemiology, Humans, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2
- Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Delta variant epidemiology in Africa is unknown. We found Delta variant was introduced in Benin during April-May 2021 and became predominant within 2 months, after which a steep increase in reported coronavirus disease incidence occurred. Benin might require increased nonpharmaceutical interventions and vaccination coverage.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Mutations Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern, Benin, Early 2021.
- Author
-
Sander AL, Yadouleton A, de Oliveira Filho EF, Tchibozo C, Hounkanrin G, Badou Y, Adewumi P, René KK, Ange D, Sourakatou S, Sedjro E, Aïssi MAJ, Fidelia H, Djingarey MH, Nagel M, Jo WK, Moreira-Soto A, Drosten C, Landt O, Corman VM, Hounkpatin B, and Drexler JF
- Subjects
- Benin epidemiology, Humans, Mutation, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2
- Abstract
Intense transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Africa might promote emergence of variants. We describe 10 SARS-CoV-2 lineages in Benin during early 2021 that harbored mutations associated with variants of concern. Benin-derived SARS-CoV-2 strains were more efficiently neutralized by antibodies derived from vaccinees than patients, warranting accelerated vaccination in Africa.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Delayed Antibody and T-Cell Response to BNT162b2 Vaccination in the Elderly, Germany.
- Author
-
Schwarz T, Tober-Lau P, Hillus D, Helbig ET, Lippert LJ, Thibeault C, Koch W, Landgraf I, Michel J, Bergfeld L, Niemeyer D, Mühlemann B, Conrad C, Dang-Heine C, Kasper S, Münn F, Kappert K, Nitsche A, Tauber R, Schmidt S, Kopankiewicz P, Bias H, Seybold J, von Kalle C, Jones TC, Suttorp N, Drosten C, Sander LE, Corman VM, and Kurth F
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, BNT162 Vaccine, COVID-19 Vaccines, Germany epidemiology, Humans, SARS-CoV-2, T-Lymphocytes, Vaccination, COVID-19
- Abstract
We detected delayed and reduced antibody and T-cell responses after BNT162b2 vaccination in 71 elderly persons (median age 81 years) compared with 123 healthcare workers (median age 34 years) in Germany. These data emphasize that nonpharmaceutical interventions for coronavirus disease remain crucial and that additional immunizations for the elderly might become necessary.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 Lineage after Vaccination in Long-Term Care Facility, Germany, February-March 2021.
- Author
-
Tober-Lau P, Schwarz T, Hillus D, Spieckermann J, Helbig ET, Lippert LJ, Thibeault C, Koch W, Bergfeld L, Niemeyer D, Mühlemann B, Conrad C, Kasper S, Münn F, Kunitz F, Jones TC, Suttorp N, Drosten C, Sander LE, Kurth F, and Corman VM
- Subjects
- Berlin, Disease Outbreaks, Germany epidemiology, Humans, Long-Term Care, Vaccination, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2
- Abstract
One week after second vaccinations were administered, an outbreak of B.1.1.7 lineage severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infections occurred in a long-term care facility in Berlin, Germany, affecting 16/20 vaccinated and 4/4 unvaccinated residents. Despite considerable viral loads, vaccinated residents experienced mild symptoms and faster time to negative test results.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Hepatitis E Virus Genotype 7 RNA and Antibody Kinetics in Naturally Infected Dromedary Calves, United Arab Emirates.
- Author
-
Corman VM, Nagy P, Ostermann S, Arloth J, Liljander A, Barua R, Das Gupta A, Hakimuddin F, Juhasz J, Wernery U, and Drosten C
- Subjects
- Animals, Camelus, Cattle, Genotype, Kinetics, RNA, United Arab Emirates epidemiology, Hepatitis E epidemiology, Hepatitis E veterinary, Hepatitis E virus genetics
- Abstract
Orthohepevirus A genotype 7 is a novel zoonotic variant of hepatitis E virus. To clarify infection in the animal reservoir, we virologically monitored 11 dromedary dam-calf pairs. All calves became infected during the first 6 months of life and cleared the virus after an average of 2 months. Dams did not become infected.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2-Specific Antibody Responses in Coronavirus Disease Patients.
- Author
-
Okba NMA, Müller MA, Li W, Wang C, GeurtsvanKessel CH, Corman VM, Lamers MM, Sikkema RS, de Bruin E, Chandler FD, Yazdanpanah Y, Le Hingrat Q, Descamps D, Houhou-Fidouh N, Reusken CBEM, Bosch BJ, Drosten C, Koopmans MPG, and Haagmans BL
- Subjects
- COVID-19, COVID-19 Testing, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Humans, Neutralization Tests, Pandemics, SARS-CoV-2, Sensitivity and Specificity, Serologic Tests, Antibodies, Viral blood, Betacoronavirus immunology, Clinical Laboratory Techniques methods, Coronavirus Infections diagnosis, Pneumonia, Viral diagnosis
- Abstract
A new coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has recently emerged to cause a human pandemic. Although molecular diagnostic tests were rapidly developed, serologic assays are still lacking, yet urgently needed. Validated serologic assays are needed for contact tracing, identifying the viral reservoir, and epidemiologic studies. We developed serologic assays for detection of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing, spike protein-specific, and nucleocapsid-specific antibodies. Using serum samples from patients with PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections, other coronaviruses, or other respiratory pathogenic infections, we validated and tested various antigens in different in-house and commercial ELISAs. We demonstrated that most PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2-infected persons seroconverted by 2 weeks after disease onset. We found that commercial S1 IgG or IgA ELISAs were of lower specificity, and sensitivity varied between the 2 assays; the IgA ELISA showed higher sensitivity. Overall, the validated assays described can be instrumental for detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies for diagnostic, seroepidemiologic, and vaccine evaluation studies.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Inactivation of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 by WHO-Recommended Hand Rub Formulations and Alcohols.
- Author
-
Kratzel A, Todt D, V'kovski P, Steiner S, Gultom M, Thao TTN, Ebert N, Holwerda M, Steinmann J, Niemeyer D, Dijkman R, Kampf G, Drosten C, Steinmann E, Thiel V, and Pfaender S
- Subjects
- COVID-19, Humans, SARS-CoV-2, World Health Organization, Alcohols pharmacology, Betacoronavirus drug effects, Coronavirus Infections prevention & control, Disinfectants pharmacology, Hand Disinfection methods, Pandemics prevention & control, Pneumonia, Viral prevention & control, Virus Inactivation
- Abstract
Infection control instructions call for use of alcohol-based hand rub solutions to inactivate severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. We determined the virucidal activity of World Health Organization-recommended hand rub formulations, at full strength and multiple dilutions, and of the active ingredients. All disinfectants demonstrated efficient virus inactivation.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Outbreak Related to a Nightclub, Germany, 2020.
- Author
-
Muller N, Kunze M, Steitz F, Saad NJ, Mühlemann B, Beheim-Schwarzbach JI, Schneider J, Drosten C, Murajda L, Kochs S, Ruscher C, Walter J, Zeitlmann N, and Corman VM
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, COVID-19 virology, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Germany epidemiology, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, SARS-CoV-2, Young Adult, COVID-19 epidemiology, COVID-19 transmission, Disease Outbreaks statistics & numerical data, Disease Transmission, Infectious statistics & numerical data, Food Services
- Abstract
We report an outbreak of coronavirus disease with 74 cases related to a nightclub in Germany in March 2020. Staff members were particularly affected (attack rate 56%) and likely caused sustained viral transmission after an event at the club. This outbreak illustrates the potential for superspreader events and corroborates current club closures.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Comparison of Serologic Assays for Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus.
- Author
-
Harvey R, Mattiuzzo G, Hassall M, Sieberg A, Müller MA, Drosten C, Rigsby P, and Oxenford CJ
- Subjects
- Antibodies, Viral blood, Antibodies, Viral immunology, Coronavirus Infections blood, Coronavirus Infections immunology, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Humans, Neutralization Tests, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Reference Standards, Reproducibility of Results, Sensitivity and Specificity, Serologic Tests methods, Coronavirus Infections diagnosis, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus immunology
- Abstract
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was detected in humans in 2012. Since then, sporadic outbreaks with primary transmission through dromedary camels to humans and outbreaks in healthcare settings have shown that MERS-CoV continues to pose a threat to human health. Several serologic assays for MERS-CoV have been developed globally. We describe a collaborative study to investigate the comparability of serologic assays for MERS-CoV and assess any benefit associated with the introduction of a standard reference reagent for MERS-CoV serology. Our study findings indicate that, when possible, laboratories should use a testing algorithm including >2 tests to ensure correct diagnosis of MERS-CoV. We also demonstrate that the use of a reference reagent greatly improves the agreement between assays, enabling more consistent and therefore more meaningful comparisons between results.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Hepatitis E Virus Infection in European Brown Hares, Germany, 2007-2014.
- Author
-
Corman VM, Hilgensloh L, Voigt U, Marklewitz M, Siebert U, Drosten C, and Drexler JF
- Subjects
- Animals, Animals, Wild, Genes, Viral, Germany epidemiology, Hepatitis E virus genetics, History, 21st Century, Phylogeny, Public Health Surveillance, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Zoonoses history, Zoonoses transmission, Hares virology, Hepatitis E veterinary, Zoonoses epidemiology, Zoonoses virology
- Abstract
Rabbit-associated hepatitis E viruses (HEVs) cause zoonotic infections. We investigated 2,389 hares in Germany during 2007-2014. Complete genome characterization of a hare-associated HEV strain revealed close genomic relatedness to rabbit-associated HEV strains. Although hare-specific HEV seroprevalence was low, at 2.6%, hares represent a potential source of sporadic HEV infections.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Sand Fly-Associated Phlebovirus with Evidence of Neutralizing Antibodies in Humans, Kenya.
- Author
-
Tchouassi DP, Marklewitz M, Chepkorir E, Zirkel F, Agha SB, Tigoi CC, Koskei E, Drosten C, Borgemeister C, Torto B, Junglen S, and Sang R
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Animals, Bunyaviridae Infections transmission, Bunyaviridae Infections virology, Cell Line, Child, Female, Genome, Insect, Genome, Viral, Genomics methods, Geography, Medical, Humans, Insect Vectors virology, Kenya epidemiology, Male, Mice, Phlebovirus classification, Phlebovirus genetics, Phlebovirus isolation & purification, Phylogeny, Psychodidae classification, Psychodidae genetics, Public Health Surveillance, Young Adult, Antibodies, Neutralizing immunology, Antibodies, Viral immunology, Bunyaviridae Infections epidemiology, Bunyaviridae Infections immunology, Phlebovirus immunology, Psychodidae virology
- Abstract
We describe a novel virus, designated Ntepes virus (NPV), isolated from sand flies in Kenya. NPV has the characteristic phlebovirus trisegmented genome architecture and is related to, but distinct from, Gabek Forest phlebovirus. Diverse cell cultures derived from wildlife, livestock, and humans were susceptible to NPV, with pronounced permissiveness in swine and rodent cells. NPV infection of newborn mice caused rapid and fatal illness. Permissiveness for NPV replication in sand fly cells, but not mosquito cells, suggests a vector-specific adaptation. Specific neutralizing antibodies were found in 13.9% (26/187) of human serum samples taken at the site of isolation of NPV as well as a disparate site in northeastern Kenya, suggesting a wide distribution. We identify a novel human-infecting arbovirus and highlight the importance of rural areas in tropical Africa for arbovirus surveillance as well as extending arbovirus surveillance to include hematophagous arthropods other than mosquitoes.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Differential Shedding and Antibody Kinetics of Zika and Chikungunya Viruses, Brazil.
- Author
-
Bozza FA, Moreira-Soto A, Rockstroh A, Fischer C, Nascimento AD, Calheiros AS, Drosten C, Bozza PT, Souza TML, Ulbert S, and Drexler JF
- Subjects
- Adult, Brazil epidemiology, Chikungunya Fever diagnosis, Chikungunya Fever epidemiology, Female, Humans, Immunoassay, Male, Zika Virus Infection diagnosis, Zika Virus Infection epidemiology, Antibodies, Viral immunology, Chikungunya Fever immunology, Chikungunya Fever virology, Chikungunya virus physiology, Virus Shedding, Zika Virus physiology, Zika Virus Infection immunology, Zika Virus Infection virology
- Abstract
In seroconversion panels obtained from patients from Brazil, diagnostic testing for Zika virus infection was improved by combining multiple antibody isotypes, techniques, and antigens, but sensitivity remained suboptimal. In contrast, chikungunya virus diagnostic testing was unambiguous. Recurrent recent arbovirus infections suggested by serologic data and unspecific symptoms highlight the need for exhaustive virologic testing.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. External Quality Assessment for Zika Virus Molecular Diagnostic Testing, Brazil.
- Author
-
Fischer C, Pedroso C, Mendrone A Jr, Bispo de Filippis AM, Vallinoto ACR, Ribeiro BM, Durigon EL, Marques ETA Jr, Campos GS, Viana IFT, Levi JE, Scarpelli LC, Nogueira ML, Bastos MS, Souza NCS, Khouri R, Lira S, Komninakis SV, Baronti C, Charrel RN, Kümmerer BM, Drosten C, Brites C, de Lamballerie X, Niedrig M, Netto EM, and Drexler JF
- Subjects
- Brazil, Humans, Quality Control, Sensitivity and Specificity, Viral Load, Laboratories standards, Molecular Diagnostic Techniques standards, RNA, Viral isolation & purification, Zika Virus isolation & purification
- Abstract
We conducted an external quality assessment of Zika virus molecular diagnostic tests in Brazil using a new Zika virus standard. Of 15 laboratories, 73% showed limited sensitivity and specificity. Viral load estimates varied significantly. Continuous quality assurance is needed to adequately estimate risk for Zika virus-associated disease and determine patient care.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Lineage-Specific Real-Time RT-PCR for Yellow Fever Virus Outbreak Surveillance, Brazil.
- Author
-
Fischer C, Torres MC, Patel P, Moreira-Soto A, Gould EA, Charrel RN, de Lamballerie X, Nogueira RMR, Sequeira PC, Rodrigues CDS, Kümmerer BM, Drosten C, Landt O, Bispo de Filippis AM, and Drexler JF
- Subjects
- Brazil epidemiology, Disease Outbreaks, Humans, Species Specificity, Yellow Fever epidemiology, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction methods, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction methods, Yellow Fever virology, Yellow Fever Vaccine isolation & purification, Yellow fever virus isolation & purification
- Abstract
The current yellow fever outbreak in Brazil prompted widespread yellow fever virus (YFV) vaccination campaigns, imposing a responsibility to distinguish between vaccine- and wild-type YFV-associated disease. We developed novel multiplex real-time reverse transcription PCRs that differentiate between vaccine and American wild-type YFV. We validated these highly specific and sensitive assays in an outbreak setting.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Serologic Evidence for MERS-CoV Infection in Dromedary Camels, Punjab, Pakistan, 2012-2015.
- Author
-
Saqib M, Sieberg A, Hussain MH, Mansoor MK, Zohaib A, Lattwein E, Müller MA, Drosten C, and Corman VM
- Subjects
- Animals, Coronavirus Infections blood, Coronavirus Infections epidemiology, Coronavirus Infections virology, Pakistan epidemiology, Camelus blood, Coronavirus Infections veterinary, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus isolation & purification, Serologic Tests veterinary
- Abstract
Dromedary camels from Africa and Arabia are an established source for zoonotic Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection among humans. In Pakistan, we found specific neutralizing antibodies in samples from 39.5% of 565 dromedaries, documenting significant expansion of the enzootic range of MERS-CoV to Asia.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Time Course of MERS-CoV Infection and Immunity in Dromedary Camels.
- Author
-
Meyer B, Juhasz J, Barua R, Das Gupta A, Hakimuddin F, Corman VM, Müller MA, Wernery U, Drosten C, and Nagy P
- Subjects
- Animal Diseases transmission, Animals, Antibodies, Viral immunology, Cattle, Cattle Diseases immunology, Cattle Diseases transmission, Cattle Diseases virology, Immunoglobulin G blood, Immunoglobulin G immunology, Longitudinal Studies, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus classification, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus genetics, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus isolation & purification, RNA, Viral, Zoonoses, Animal Diseases immunology, Animal Diseases virology, Camelus virology, Coronavirus Infections veterinary, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus immunology
- Abstract
Knowledge about immunity to Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in dromedary camels is essential for infection control and vaccination. A longitudinal study of 11 dam-calf pairs showed that calves lose maternal MERS-CoV antibodies 5-6 months postparturition and are left susceptible to infection, indicating a short window of opportunity for vaccination.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Hepatitis E Virus Infection in Dromedaries, North and East Africa, United Arab Emirates, and Pakistan, 1983-2015.
- Author
-
Rasche A, Saqib M, Liljander AM, Bornstein S, Zohaib A, Renneker S, Steinhagen K, Wernery R, Younan M, Gluecks I, Hilali M, Musa BE, Jores J, Wernery U, Drexler JF, Drosten C, and Corman VM
- Subjects
- Africa epidemiology, Animals, Camelus blood, Feces virology, Hepatitis E blood, Hepatitis E epidemiology, Hepatitis E virology, Hepatitis E virus isolation & purification, Pakistan epidemiology, Phylogeny, United Arab Emirates epidemiology, Camelus virology, Hepatitis E veterinary, Hepatitis E virus genetics
- Abstract
A new hepatitis E virus (HEV-7) was recently found in dromedaries and 1 human from the United Arab Emirates. We screened 2,438 dromedary samples from Pakistan, the United Arab Emirates, and 4 African countries. HEV-7 is long established, diversified and geographically widespread. Dromedaries may constitute a neglected source of zoonotic HEV infections.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. MERS-CoV Antibodies in Humans, Africa, 2013-2014.
- Author
-
Liljander A, Meyer B, Jores J, Müller MA, Lattwein E, Njeru I, Bett B, Drosten C, and Corman VM
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Africa epidemiology, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Animals, Antibodies, Viral blood, Child, Child, Preschool, Coronavirus Infections history, Coronavirus Infections transmission, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Farmers, Female, History, 21st Century, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Occupational Exposure, Population Surveillance, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Young Adult, Antibodies, Viral immunology, Coronavirus Infections epidemiology, Coronavirus Infections immunology, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus immunology
- Abstract
Dromedaries in Africa and elsewhere carry the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). To search for evidence of autochthonous MERS-CoV infection in humans, we tested archived serum from livestock handlers in Kenya for MERS-CoV antibodies. Serologic evidence of infection was confirmed for 2 persons sampled in 2013 and 2014.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Microevolution of Outbreak-Associated Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus, South Korea, 2015.
- Author
-
Seong MW, Kim SY, Corman VM, Kim TS, Cho SI, Kim MJ, Lee SJ, Lee JS, Seo SH, Ahn JS, Yu BS, Park N, Oh MD, Park WB, Lee JY, Kim G, Joh JS, Jeong I, Kim EC, Drosten C, and Park SS
- Subjects
- Adult, Coronavirus Infections history, Coronavirus Infections transmission, Genetic Variation, Genome, Viral, History, 21st Century, Humans, Male, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus isolation & purification, Republic of Korea epidemiology, Coronavirus Infections epidemiology, Coronavirus Infections virology, Disease Outbreaks, Evolution, Molecular, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus genetics
- Abstract
During the 2015 Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus outbreak in South Korea, we sequenced full viral genomes of strains isolated from 4 patients early and late during infection. Patients represented at least 4 generations of transmission. We found no evidence of changes in the evolutionary rate and no reason to suspect adaptive changes in viral proteins.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. No Evidence of Gouléako and Herbert Virus Infections in Pigs, Côte d'Ivoire and Ghana.
- Author
-
Junglen S, Marklewitz M, Zirkel F, Wollny R, Meyer B, Heidemann H, Metzger S, Annan A, Dei D, Leendertz FH, Oppong S, and Drosten C
- Subjects
- Animals, Bunyaviridae Infections blood, Bunyaviridae Infections immunology, Cote d'Ivoire epidemiology, Culicidae pathogenicity, Culicidae virology, Ghana epidemiology, Orthobunyavirus genetics, Swine genetics, Swine virology, Bunyaviridae Infections epidemiology, Orthobunyavirus pathogenicity, Swine immunology
- Abstract
A recent report suggested that 2 novel bunyaviruses discovered in insects in Côte d'Ivoire caused lethal disease in swine in South Korea. We conducted cell culture studies and tested serum from pigs exposed to mosquitoes in Côte d'Ivoire and Ghana and found no evidence for infection in pigs.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Human-Bat Interactions in Rural West Africa.
- Author
-
Anti P, Owusu M, Agbenyega O, Annan A, Badu EK, Nkrumah EE, Tschapka M, Oppong S, Adu-Sarkodie Y, and Drosten C
- Subjects
- Animal Diseases epidemiology, Animals, Coronavirus Infections virology, Disease Reservoirs statistics & numerical data, Disease Reservoirs virology, Ghana epidemiology, Humans, Zoonoses virology, Animal Diseases transmission, Chiroptera virology, Coronavirus Infections transmission, Diet, Paleolithic adverse effects, Disease Vectors, Rural Population, Zoonoses transmission
- Abstract
Because some bats host viruses with zoonotic potential, we investigated human-bat interactions in rural Ghana during 2011-2012. Nearly half (46.6%) of respondents regularly visited bat caves; 37.4% had been bitten, scratched, or exposed to bat urine; and 45.6% ate bat meat. Human-bat interactions in rural Ghana are frequent and diverse.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Occupational Exposure to Dromedaries and Risk for MERS-CoV Infection, Qatar, 2013-2014.
- Author
-
Reusken CB, Farag EA, Haagmans BL, Mohran KA, Godeke GJ 5th, Raj S, Alhajri F, Al-Marri SA, Al-Romaihi HE, Al-Thani M, Bosch BJ, van der Eijk AA, El-Sayed AM, Ibrahim AK, Al-Molawi N, Müller MA, Pasha SK, Drosten C, AlHajri MM, and Koopmans MP
- Subjects
- Animals, Antibodies, Viral blood, Camelus immunology, Humans, Occupational Exposure adverse effects, Qatar epidemiology, Risk, Camelus virology, Coronavirus Infections epidemiology, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus pathogenicity, Occupational Exposure statistics & numerical data, Zoonoses epidemiology
- Abstract
We determined the presence of neutralizing antibodies to Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in persons in Qatar with and without dromedary contact. Antibodies were only detected in those with contact, suggesting dromedary exposure as a risk factor for infection. Findings also showed evidence for substantial underestimation of the infection in populations at risk in Qatar.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Novel Arenavirus Isolates from Namaqua Rock Mice, Namibia, Southern Africa.
- Author
-
Witkowski PT, Kallies R, Hoveka J, Auste B, Ithete NL, Šoltys K, Szemes T, Drosten C, Preiser W, Klempa B, Mfune JK, and Kruger DH
- Subjects
- Animals, Arenaviridae Infections diagnosis, Arenaviridae Infections virology, Arenavirus genetics, Chlorocebus aethiops, Genome, Viral, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Molecular Diagnostic Techniques, Namibia, Rodent Diseases diagnosis, Vero Cells, Arenaviridae Infections veterinary, Arenavirus isolation & purification, Muridae virology, Rodent Diseases virology
- Abstract
Arenaviruses are feared as agents that cause viral hemorrhagic fevers. We report the identification, isolation, and genetic characterization of 2 novel arenaviruses from Namaqua rock mice in Namibia. These findings extend knowledge of the distribution and diversity of arenaviruses in Africa.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Acute middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in livestock Dromedaries, Dubai, 2014.
- Author
-
Wernery U, Corman VM, Wong EY, Tsang AK, Muth D, Lau SK, Khazanehdari K, Zirkel F, Ali M, Nagy P, Juhasz J, Wernery R, Joseph S, Syriac G, Elizabeth SK, Patteril NA, Woo PC, and Drosten C
- Subjects
- Animal Diseases history, Animals, Cattle, Cross-Sectional Studies, Genome, Viral, History, 21st Century, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus genetics, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus isolation & purification, Open Reading Frames, Phylogeny, Serogroup, United Arab Emirates epidemiology, Animal Diseases epidemiology, Animal Diseases virology, Coronavirus Infections veterinary, Livestock virology, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus classification
- Abstract
Camels carry Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, but little is known about infection age or prevalence. We studied >800 dromedaries of all ages and 15 mother-calf pairs. This syndrome constitutes an acute, epidemic, and time-limited infection in camels <4 years of age, particularly calves. Delayed social separation of calves might reduce human infection risk.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Dengue virus serotype 3 infection in traveler returning from West Africa to Germany.
- Author
-
Eckerle I, Kapaun A, Junghanss T, Schnitzler P, Drosten C, and Jänisch T
- Subjects
- Africa, Western, Aged, Dengue virology, Germany ethnology, Humans, Male, Molecular Diagnostic Techniques, Phylogeny, Travel, Viral Envelope Proteins genetics, Dengue diagnosis, Dengue Virus genetics
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Serologic assessment of possibility for MERS-CoV infection in equids.
- Author
-
Meyer B, García-Bocanegra I, Wernery U, Wernery R, Sieberg A, Müller MA, Drexler JF, Drosten C, and Eckerle I
- Subjects
- Animals, Antibodies, Viral blood, Chlorocebus aethiops, Coronavirus Infections blood, Coronavirus Infections immunology, Disease Reservoirs virology, Horse Diseases blood, Horse Diseases immunology, Vero Cells, Coronavirus Infections veterinary, Horse Diseases virology, Horses virology, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus physiology, Virus Replication
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. MERS coronavirus neutralizing antibodies in camels, Eastern Africa, 1983-1997.
- Author
-
Müller MA, Corman VM, Jores J, Meyer B, Younan M, Liljander A, Bosch BJ, Lattwein E, Hilali M, Musa BE, Bornstein S, and Drosten C
- Subjects
- Africa, Eastern epidemiology, Animals, Coronavirus Infections epidemiology, Coronavirus Infections immunology, Female, Geography, Antibodies, Neutralizing immunology, Antibodies, Viral immunology, Camelus virology, Coronavirus Infections veterinary, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus immunology
- Abstract
To analyze the distribution of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV)-seropositive dromedary camels in eastern Africa, we tested 189 archived serum samples accumulated during the past 30 years. We identified MERS-CoV neutralizing antibodies in 81.0% of samples from the main camel-exporting countries, Sudan and Somalia, suggesting long-term virus circulation in these animals.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Antibodies against MERS coronavirus in dromedary camels, Kenya, 1992-2013.
- Author
-
Corman VM, Jores J, Meyer B, Younan M, Liljander A, Said MY, Gluecks I, Lattwein E, Bosch BJ, Drexler JF, Bornstein S, Drosten C, and Müller MA
- Subjects
- Animal Diseases history, Animal Diseases transmission, Animals, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Geography, History, 20th Century, History, 21st Century, Humans, Kenya epidemiology, Population Density, Animal Diseases epidemiology, Antibodies, Viral immunology, Camelus immunology, Camelus virology, Coronavirus Infections veterinary, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus immunology
- Abstract
Dromedary camels are a putative source for human infections with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus. We showed that camels sampled in different regions in Kenya during 1992-2013 have antibodies against this virus. High densities of camel populations correlated with increased seropositivity and might be a factor in predicting long-term virus maintenance.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Human infection with MERS coronavirus after exposure to infected camels, Saudi Arabia, 2013.
- Author
-
Memish ZA, Cotten M, Meyer B, Watson SJ, Alsahafi AJ, Al Rabeeah AA, Corman VM, Sieberg A, Makhdoom HQ, Assiri A, Al Masri M, Aldabbagh S, Bosch BJ, Beer M, Müller MA, Kellam P, and Drosten C
- Subjects
- Adult, Animals, Coronavirus Infections virology, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Humans, Male, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus classification, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus isolation & purification, Camelus virology, Coronavirus Infections diagnosis, Coronavirus Infections transmission, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus genetics
- Abstract
We investigated a case of human infection with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) after exposure to infected camels. Analysis of the whole human-derived virus and 15% of the camel-derived virus sequence yielded nucleotide polymorphism signatures suggestive of cross-species transmission. Camels may act as a direct source of human MERS-CoV infection.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Contact investigation for imported case of Middle East respiratory syndrome, Germany.
- Author
-
Reuss A, Litterst A, Drosten C, Seilmaier M, Böhmer M, Graf P, Gold H, Wendtner CM, Zanuzdana A, Schaade L, Haas W, and Buchholz U
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Animals, Camelus virology, Coronavirus, Cross Infection virology, Female, Germany, Humans, Infection Control methods, Male, Respiratory Tract Infections virology, Syndrome, United Arab Emirates, Coronavirus Infections transmission, Cross Infection transmission, Respiratory Tract Infections transmission
- Abstract
On March 19, 2013, a patient from United Arab Emirates who had severe respiratory infection was transferred to a hospital in Germany, 11 days after symptom onset. Infection with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was suspected on March 21 and confirmed on March 23; the patient, who had contact with an ill camel shortly before symptom onset, died on March 26. A contact investigation was initiated to identify possible person-to-person transmission and assess infection control measures. Of 83 identified contacts, 81 were available for follow-up. Ten contacts experienced mild symptoms, but test results for respiratory and serum samples were negative for MERS-CoV. Serologic testing was done for 53 (75%) of 71 nonsymptomatic contacts; all results were negative. Among contacts, the use of FFP2/FFP3 face masks during aerosol exposure was more frequent after MERS-CoV infection was suspected than before. Infection control measures may have prevented nosocomial transmission of the virus.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Antibodies against MERS coronavirus in dromedary camels, United Arab Emirates, 2003 and 2013.
- Author
-
Meyer B, Müller MA, Corman VM, Reusken CB, Ritz D, Godeke GJ, Lattwein E, Kallies S, Siemens A, van Beek J, Drexler JF, Muth D, Bosch BJ, Wernery U, Koopmans MP, Wernery R, and Drosten C
- Subjects
- Animals, Antibodies, Viral immunology, Coronavirus Infections epidemiology, Neutralization Tests methods, Respiratory Tract Infections epidemiology, Respiratory Tract Infections virology, Syndrome, United Arab Emirates epidemiology, Antibodies, Neutralizing immunology, Camelus immunology, Camelus virology, Coronavirus immunology, Coronavirus Infections immunology, Respiratory Tract Infections immunology
- Abstract
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) has caused an ongoing outbreak of severe acute respiratory tract infection in humans in the Arabian Peninsula since 2012. Dromedary camels have been implicated as possible viral reservoirs. We used serologic assays to analyze 651 dromedary camel serum samples from the United Arab Emirates; 151 of 651 samples were obtained in 2003, well before onset of the current epidemic, and 500 serum samples were obtained in 2013. Recombinant spike protein-specific immunofluorescence and virus neutralization tests enabled clear discrimination between MERS-CoV and bovine CoV infections. Most (632/651, 97.1%) camels had antibodies against MERS-CoV. This result included all 151 serum samples obtained in 2003. Most (389/651, 59.8%) serum samples had MERS-CoV-neutralizing antibody titers >1,280. Dromedary camels from the United Arab Emirates were infected at high rates with MERS-CoV or a closely related, probably conspecific, virus long before the first human MERS cases.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Replicative Capacity of MERS Coronavirus in Livestock Cell Lines.
- Author
-
Eckerle I, Corman VM, Müller MA, Lenk M, Ulrich RG, and Drosten C
- Subjects
- Animals, Cell Line, Host Specificity, Host-Pathogen Interactions, Middle East, Camelus virology, Coronavirus physiology, Goats virology, RNA, Viral genetics, Virus Replication physiology
- Abstract
Replicative capacity of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was assessed in cell lines derived from livestock and peridomestic small mammals on the Arabian Peninsula. Only cell lines originating from goats and camels showed efficient replication of MERS-CoV. These results provide direction in the search for the intermediate host of MERS-CoV.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Close relative of human Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in bat, South Africa.
- Author
-
Ithete NL, Stoffberg S, Corman VM, Cottontail VM, Richards LR, Schoeman MC, Drosten C, Drexler JF, and Preiser W
- Subjects
- Animals, Bayes Theorem, Coronavirus isolation & purification, Disease Reservoirs, Evolution, Molecular, Female, Humans, Molecular Typing, Phylogeny, RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase genetics, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, South Africa, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus genetics, Chiroptera virology, Coronavirus genetics
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Early introduction and delayed dissemination of pandemic influenza, Gabon.
- Author
-
Lekana-Douki SE, Mouinga-Ondémé A, Nkoghe D, Drosten C, Drexler JF, Kazanji M, and Leroy EM
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Child, Child, Preschool, Epidemiological Monitoring, Female, Gabon epidemiology, Humans, Infant, Influenza, Human virology, Male, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Urban Population, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype isolation & purification, Influenza, Human epidemiology, Pandemics
- Abstract
Active surveillance in health care centers in Gabon during 2009-2011 detected 72 clinical cases of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 (pH1N1). We found that pH1N1 virus was introduced in mid-2009 but spread throughout the country in 2010. Thus, Gabon was also affected by pH1N1.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Human betacoronavirus 2c EMC/2012-related viruses in bats, Ghana and Europe.
- Author
-
Annan A, Baldwin HJ, Corman VM, Klose SM, Owusu M, Nkrumah EE, Badu EK, Anti P, Agbenyega O, Meyer B, Oppong S, Sarkodie YA, Kalko EK, Lina PH, Godlevska EV, Reusken C, Seebens A, Gloza-Rausch F, Vallo P, Tschapka M, Drosten C, and Drexler JF
- Subjects
- Animals, Bayes Theorem, Coronavirus isolation & purification, Coronavirus Infections virology, Europe, Feces virology, Female, Genes, Viral, Ghana, Male, Molecular Sequence Data, Molecular Typing, Phylogeny, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Chiroptera virology, Coronavirus genetics, Coronavirus Infections veterinary
- Abstract
We screened fecal specimens of 4,758 bats from Ghana and 272 bats from 4 European countries for betacoronaviruses. Viruses related to the novel human betacoronavirus EMC/2012 were detected in 46 (24.9%) of 185 Nycteris bats and 40 (14.7%) of 272 Pipistrellus bats. Their genetic relatedness indicated EMC/2012 originated from bats.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Human parvovirus 4 in nasal and fecal specimens from children, Ghana.
- Author
-
Drexler JF, Reber U, Muth D, Herzog P, Annan A, Ebach F, Sarpong N, Acquah S, Adlkofer J, Adu-Sarkodie Y, Panning M, Tannich E, May J, Drosten C, and Eis-Hübinger AM
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Diarrhea epidemiology, Diarrhea virology, Female, Ghana epidemiology, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Parvoviridae Infections transmission, Parvoviridae Infections virology, Parvovirus classification, Phylogeny, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Respiratory Tract Infections epidemiology, Respiratory Tract Infections virology, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Feces virology, Nasal Cavity virology, Parvoviridae Infections epidemiology, Parvovirus genetics
- Abstract
Nonparenteral transmission might contribute to human parvovirus 4 (PARV4) infections in sub-Saharan Africa. PARV4 DNA was detected in 8 (0.83%) of 961 nasal samples and 5 (0.53%) of 943 fecal samples from 1,904 children in Ghana. Virus concentrations ≤ 6-7 log(10) copies/mL suggest respiratory or fecal-oral modes of PARV4 transmission.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Human parvovirus 4 viremia in young children, Ghana.
- Author
-
May J, Drexler JF, Reber U, Sarpong N, Adjei O, Panning M, Drosten C, and Eis-Hübinger AM
- Subjects
- Child, Preschool, DNA, Viral blood, Female, Genotype, Ghana epidemiology, Humans, Infant, Male, Molecular Sequence Data, Parvoviridae Infections virology, Parvovirus genetics, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Viral Load, Viremia virology, Parvoviridae Infections epidemiology, Parvovirus classification, Viremia epidemiology
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Cosavirus infection in persons with and without gastroenteritis, Brazil.
- Author
-
Stöcker A, Souza BF, Ribeiro TC, Netto EM, Araujo LO, Corrêa JI, Almeida PS, de Mattos AP, Ribeiro Hda C Jr, Pedral-Sampaio DB, Drosten C, and Drexler JF
- Subjects
- Adult, Brazil epidemiology, Case-Control Studies, Child, Cohort Studies, Coinfection, Diarrhea virology, Feces virology, Gastroenteritis virology, Genes, Viral, Humans, Molecular Sequence Data, Picornaviridae genetics, Picornaviridae Infections virology, Prevalence, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Diarrhea epidemiology, Gastroenteritis epidemiology, Picornaviridae isolation & purification, Picornaviridae Infections epidemiology
- Abstract
To determine possible cosavirus association with clinical disease, we used real-time reverse transcription PCR to test children and HIV-positive adults in Brazil with and without gastroenteritis. Thirteen (3.6%) of 359 children with gastroenteritis tested positive, as did 69 (33.8%) of 204 controls. Low prevalence, frequent viral co-infections, and low fecal cosavirus RNA concentrations argue against human pathogenicity.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Hantavirus in bat, Sierra Leone.
- Author
-
Weiss S, Witkowski PT, Auste B, Nowak K, Weber N, Fahr J, Mombouli JV, Wolfe ND, Drexler JF, Drosten C, Klempa B, Leendertz FH, and Kruger DH
- Subjects
- Animals, Base Sequence, Chiroptera, Cloning, Molecular, DNA, Complementary genetics, Hantavirus Infections epidemiology, Hantavirus Infections virology, Phylogeny, RNA, Viral genetics, Sierra Leone epidemiology, Hantaan virus genetics, Hantaan virus isolation & purification, Hantavirus Infections veterinary
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Human cardioviruses, meningitis, and sudden infant death syndrome in children.
- Author
-
Drexler JF, Baumgarte S, Eschbach-Bludau M, Simon A, Kemen C, Bode U, Eis-Hübinger AM, Madea B, and Drosten C
- Subjects
- Adult, Cardiovirus classification, Cardiovirus genetics, Cardiovirus isolation & purification, Cardiovirus Infections cerebrospinal fluid, Child, Cohort Studies, Communicable Diseases, Emerging cerebrospinal fluid, Communicable Diseases, Emerging virology, Germany, Humans, Infant, Meningitis, Viral cerebrospinal fluid, Myocarditis cerebrospinal fluid, Myocarditis virology, Phylogeny, RNA, Viral cerebrospinal fluid, RNA, Viral genetics, Cardiovirus Infections virology, Meningitis, Viral virology, Sudden Infant Death cerebrospinal fluid
- Abstract
Cardioviruses cause myocarditis and encephalomyelitis in rodents; human cardioviruses have not been ascribed to any disease. We screened 6,854 cerebrospinal fluid and 10 myocardium specimens from children and adults. A genotype 2 cardiovirus was detected from a child who died of sudden infant death syndrome, and 2 untypeable cardioviruses were detected from 2 children with meningitis.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Aichi virus shedding in high concentrations in patients with acute diarrhea.
- Author
-
Drexler JF, Baumgarte S, de Souza Luna LK, Eschbach-Bludau M, Lukashev AN, and Drosten C
- Subjects
- 5' Untranslated Regions genetics, Acute Disease, Adolescent, Adult, Age Distribution, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Child, Child, Preschool, Gene Dosage, Germany epidemiology, Humans, Infant, Kobuvirus classification, Kobuvirus genetics, Middle Aged, Molecular Sequence Data, Picornaviridae Infections epidemiology, Picornaviridae Infections virology, RNA, Viral analysis, RNA, Viral isolation & purification, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Young Adult, Diarrhea epidemiology, Diarrhea virology, Feces virology, Kobuvirus isolation & purification, Kobuvirus pathogenicity, Virus Shedding
- Abstract
We assessed Aichi virus shedding in patients with gastroenteritis and negative test results for other viral and bacterial infections. High concentrations of up to 1.32 × 1012 RNA copies/g stool were found in 10 (2.0%) of 499 outpatients sampled in northern Germany, 2004. These data substantiate Aichi virus pathogenicity in humans.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Amplification of emerging viruses in a bat colony.
- Author
-
Drexler JF, Corman VM, Wegner T, Tateno AF, Zerbinati RM, Gloza-Rausch F, Seebens A, Müller MA, and Drosten C
- Subjects
- Adenoviridae genetics, Adenoviridae isolation & purification, Adenoviridae pathogenicity, Animals, Astroviridae genetics, Astroviridae isolation & purification, Astroviridae pathogenicity, Chiroptera physiology, DNA, Viral analysis, DNA, Viral genetics, Female, Germany, Molecular Sequence Data, Phylogeny, Population Dynamics, RNA Viruses isolation & purification, RNA Viruses pathogenicity, RNA, Viral analysis, RNA, Viral genetics, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Breeding, Chiroptera virology, Disease Reservoirs virology, RNA Viruses genetics, Virus Diseases virology
- Abstract
Bats host noteworthy viral pathogens, including coronaviruses, astroviruses, and adenoviruses. Knowledge on the ecology of reservoir-borne viruses is critical for preventive approaches against zoonotic epidemics. We studied a maternity colony of Myotis myotis bats in the attic of a private house in a suburban neighborhood in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, during 2008, 2009, and 2010. One coronavirus, 6 astroviruses, and 1 novel adenovirus were identified and monitored quantitatively. Strong and specific amplification of RNA viruses, but not of DNA viruses, occurred during colony formation and after parturition. The breeding success of the colony was significantly better in 2010 than in 2008, in spite of stronger amplification of coronaviruses and astroviruses in 2010, suggesting that these viruses had little pathogenic influence on bats. However, the general correlation of virus and bat population dynamics suggests that bats control infections similar to other mammals and that they may well experience epidemics of viruses under certain circumstances.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Rabies virus RNA in naturally infected vampire bats, northeastern Brazil.
- Author
-
Carneiro AJ, Franke CR, Stocker A, Dos Santos F, Ungar de Sa JE, Moraes-Silva E, Alves JN, Brunink S, Corman VM, Drosten C, and Drexler JF
- Subjects
- Animals, Brazil epidemiology, Disease Transmission, Infectious, Female, Humans, Male, RNA, Viral analysis, Rabies transmission, Rabies virus genetics, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Zoonoses transmission, Chiroptera virology, Rabies epidemiology, Rabies virology, Rabies virus isolation & purification, Zoonoses virology
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Novel human parvovirus 4 genotype 3 in infants, Ghana.
- Author
-
Panning M, Kobbe R, Vollbach S, Drexler JF, Adjei S, Adjei O, Drosten C, May J, and Eis-Hubinger AM
- Subjects
- Female, Genotype, Ghana epidemiology, Humans, Infant, Male, Parvovirus genetics, Viremia epidemiology, Parvovirus classification
- Abstract
Human parvovirus 4 has been considered to be transmitted only parenterally. However, after novel genotype 3 of parvovirus 4 was found in 2 patients with no parenteral risks, we tested infants in Ghana. A viremia rate of 8.6% over 2 years indicates that this infection is common in children in Africa.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Laboratory diagnosis of Lassa fever, liberia.
- Author
-
Panning M, Emmerich P, Olschläger S, Bojenko S, Koivogui L, Marx A, Lugala PC, Günther S, Bausch DG, and Drosten C
- Subjects
- False Negative Reactions, Genes, Viral, Genetic Variation, Glycoproteins analysis, Glycoproteins genetics, Humans, Lassa Fever virology, Lassa virus genetics, Lassa virus growth & development, Liberia, Molecular Diagnostic Techniques methods, RNA, Viral analysis, RNA, Viral genetics, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sensitivity and Specificity, Time Factors, Virus Cultivation, Lassa Fever diagnosis, Lassa virus isolation & purification
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related gammaretrovirus in respiratory tract.
- Author
-
Fischer N, Schulz C, Stieler K, Hohn O, Lange C, Drosten C, and Aepfelbacher M
- Subjects
- Adult, Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid virology, Genes, gag, Humans, Leukemia Virus, Murine genetics, Middle Aged, Phylogeny, RNA, Viral analysis, RNA, Viral genetics, Respiratory Tract Infections complications, Retroviridae Infections complications, Retroviridae Infections transmission, Retroviridae Infections virology, Sequence Analysis, RNA, Sputum virology, Tumor Virus Infections complications, Tumor Virus Infections transmission, Tumor Virus Infections virology, Leukemia Virus, Murine isolation & purification, Respiratory System virology, Retroviridae Infections epidemiology, Tumor Virus Infections epidemiology
- Abstract
Xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related gammaretrovirus (XMRV) has been recently associated with prostate cancer and chronic fatigue syndrome. To identify nucleic acid sequences, we examined respiratory secretions by using PCR. XMRV-specific sequences were detected in 2%-3% of samples from 168 immunocompetent carriers and approximately 10% of samples from 161 immunocompromised patients.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.