Search

Besides delivering drug to the body, a drug delivery system aims to improve patient compliance, patient acceptance. The dosage formsavailable for the delivery of topical agents include ointment, paste, CREAM, moisturizing cream and powder. However, cream is more preferabledue to their properties. Present research work is attempted to develop gel by using rice bran wax. Rice bran wax is the vegetable waxextracted from rice bran oil. The oil generally contains 2-6% wax. However it is assumed that on an average it contains 3% wax. Physicochemical tests such as globule size, evaluation of the intrinsic viscosity and homogeneity of cream products, have been traditionallyused to provide reasonable evidence of consistent product performance. However, for the purposes of these studies, the final cream productswere characterized for their clarity, pH, viscosity, spread ability, skin irritation test and in vitro diffusion studies using standard procedure. All the results match with official specifications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transferosomes is a carrying body for targeted transdermic drug delivery system. Tranfersomes and also the elementary idea of transfersomes were launched by Gregor Cevc within the year 1991. It exists as associate ultra-deformable complex having a hydrous core enclosed by a fancy layer of macromolecule. It penetrate the corneum by either intracellular route or the transcellular route by the generation of "osmotic gradient".The carrier combination consists of a minimum of one amphipathic molecule (like phospholipids) that once value-added to binary compound systems self-assemble into a bilayer of lipid which eventually closes into a lipid sac and one bilayer softening agent which is generally a wetting agent that is chargeable for the flexibleness of the vesicle. The transfersomes were developed by the traditional rotary evaporation sonication method. analysis parameters of transferosome are as vesicle size distribution and zeta potential, sac morphology, No. of vesicles per isometric mm, entrapment potency, Drug content, turbidness measurement, Degree of deformability or porosity measurement, Penetration ability, Occlusion effect, Surface charge and charge density, In-vitro drug release, in-vitro Skin permeation Studies, Physical stability. Transfersomes offer the first advantage of upper entrapment efficiency along side a depot formation which releases the contents slowly. Transfersomes are often used for delivery of insulin, corticosteroids, proteins and peptides, interferons, anti-cancer medication, anaesthetics, NSAIDs and flavoring drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Innovations in transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) is an important influence to medical practice by providing advances in the delivery of treatment with existing conventional drugs and novel drugs. Transdermal drug delivery is one of the most promising methods for drug application. It has several benefits over conventional system to offer sustained drug release, avoidance of first pass effect, patient compliance, ease of application and removal in case of toxicity as well as decrease in the side effects as compared with conventional therapy. Transdermal patches are dosage forms which transport drug to viable epidermal and dermal tissues of the skin for local therapeutic effect while a very major fraction of drug is transported into the systemic blood circulation. Skin penetration enhancement techniques have been developed to improve bioavailability and increase the range of drugs for which topical and transdermal delivery. The purpose of this review is to introduce transdermal patches including type of transdermal patches, components of transdermal patches, method of preparation of TDDS, evaluation parameters, researches and development done on TDDS in last decade etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transdermal drug delivery system is a type of convenient drug delivery system where drug goes to the systemic circulation through the protective barrier i.e. Skin. In transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) specific dose of medicaments are mainly administered as transdermal patch or skin patch. Over the years it has showed promising result in comparison to oral drug delivery system as it eliminates gastrointestinal interferences and first pass metabolism of the drug but the main drawback of TDDS is it encounters the barrier properties of the Stratum Corneum i.e. only the lipophilic drugs having molecular weight < 500 Da can pass through it. So now a days, liposomes, niosomes, transferosomes and ethosomes are used to increase the permeability of drug through stratum corneum. Ethosomes have been found to be much more efficient in delivering drug to the skin, than that of liposomes or hydro-alcoholic solution. Present review addresses about ethosomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wound healing involves a complex interaction between cells, mediators, growth factors, and cytokines. The cascade of events starts with activation of the procoagulant pathway and recruitment of inflammatory cells and is followed by a phase of cellular proliferation and tissue repair/resolution of the injury. Many biocompatible biomaterials have been extensively investigated to deliver drugs into wound beds and to improve wound healing. Transdermal Drug Delivery System (TDDS) is the most innovative and Novel drug delivery systems by penetrating through the skin by increasing the scope of molecules that can be delivered. TDDS that traditionally uses a patch containing loaded drug substances pressed on to the skin is convenient, painless and non-invasive, to avoid gastro intestinal (GI) tract toxicity (peptic ulcer disease). Chronic wounds and infected wounds currently pose a significant burden worldwide. Drug delivery systems (DDS) in wound healing that release antimicrobial and anti‐inflammatory drugs represent a great opportunity to prevent infections or enhance the effectiveness of current commercial drugs. Several phytoconstituents like alkaloids, flavonoids and tannins are known to promote wound healing process due to their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Hence the the transdermal patches containing alkaloid fraction, flavonoid fraction and tannin fraction of plant extracts may shows significant wound healing activity in experimentally induced excision and incision wound model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In last two decade, several drug dosage forms came into existence for the patient’s welfare and care. In general terms, the dosage form denotes the methods of entry or delivery of pharmaceutical products into a human beings or any other biological system. It may also known as the forms in which the pharmaceutical products are being made available in the markets for their therapeutic effects. However the dosage form has broad range but specific delivery methods includes oral drugs, injectables or “parenteral” drugs, topical drugs, inhaled drugs, and mucosal drugs, as classified in the United States Pharmacopeia (USP). Apart from conventional dosage form, several novel drug delivery systems are also getting people’s interest because of their additional benefits such as targeting potential and controlled drug release etc. This main emphasis of this review article is on several types of traditional models of dosage form and their types and importance, along with basic introduction of novel drug delivery systems like implants, microspheres, transdermal drug delivery system, etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]