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Abstract: The continuation education is very important for people who have left school to work to increase their competence and skills. To avoid the disadvantages of the common test paper generating methods, genetic algorithm is used to generate the test paper automatically. The concrete design process of test paper generating based on genetic algorithm is discussed in this paper, and some corresponding parameters setting have been compared and defined. The application results demonstrated that the genetic algorithm was an effective tool in the test paper generating. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This paper proposed building of Resource Platform based on PKI, according to instability of security about the current higher education information resources platform. In order to establish resource management application systems with centralized management and distributed storage based on PKI, It will format the mechanism of the Higher Education Information Resource Sharing. This paper first analyzes the feasibility of building of Resource Platform based on PKI, and then put forward the need to use PKI to enhance the security of client based on PKI, which help push forward the process of college information resources platform. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The problem of energy in the wireless sensor networks is the key problem of relation with the network survival time; also it is the primary objective to be solved in the wireless sensor networks design. In this paper, the author summarizes energy efficient related work in wireless sensor networks, combines with characteristics of the network, analyzes the approach to energy consumption and energy efficient, elaborates energy efficiency strategies from the two aspects of wireless sensor nodes and wireless sensor networks. From the three aspects of topology control, routing protocol and data link protocol, the paper comprehensive summing up a variety of algorithms and their advantages and disadvantages of solving energy problem in wireless sensor networks, and makes Prospect of this technology development trend. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: In order to avoid the problems of existing methods, a numerical simulation method for two-dimensional airflow over complex terrains is developed in this paper for the engineering use of flight dynamics. Based on the potential flow theories, the effects of terrains on the wind field are considered by a serial of two-dimensional vortexes, whose strengths are solved by combining with the ground boundary conditions. Numerical examples are studied by the proposed method, and the method is also evaluated by comparing the results with ones from the existing method. The result shows that the two- dimensional profile of complex terrains could be described by a cubic spline curve precisely. The computation procedure proposed in this paper is very simple and efficient, and it could provide a result of wind field with considerable accuracy. Therefore, this method could be used for flight principle evaluation and flight simulators. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: In order to keep the communication fast and stable between a variety of control modules, the CAN bus communication system was designed in this paper. CAN bus communication system was designed as follow: the eCAN module of DSP chip TMS320F2407 was applied as CAN controller and the chip SN65HVD230 was applied as CAN transceiver, a variety of control modules was linked by the bus. For illustration, the chassis communication of a security robot is utilized to show how the CAN bus works. Empirical results show that the chassis communication of robot security is fast and stable with CAN bus. The CAN bus communication system designed in this paper can solve the unstable problem in the communication between control modules; it can be promoted to other control system. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: In order to realize the intelligent of computer based training system, this paper puts forward a knowledge form retrieval method based on information entropy. Through analyze the inner link which existing between the knowledge forms, we can build knowledge base, and can find the knowledge forms which cause the failure of training through information entropy calculation. Use information entropy and combination entropy calculation formula, we can retrieval and construction the knowledge chains which cause training failure, and regroup into learners training knowledge base. Overall, this paper puts forward the algorithm of knowledge base secondary organization, this algorithm can automatic ruled out the training knowledge which the leaner has mastered, and we can improve the efficiency of CBT system through the strengthening training. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: To the theory of jacquard knitting machine, this paper has proposed a new needle drive model of magnetic suspended needles. This model, based on hybrid suspension of electromagnets and permanent magnets theory, discussed needle model in the specific motion trail,through theoretical analysis and simulation of motion trail, revealed that realize the specific motion trail by maglev drive needle is available, and provide a new researching method of drive needle model for displace traditional knitting principle of mechanical multi-stage transmission. In theory, the model discussed the knitting principle of maglev drive needle in detail, and through the simulation and theory model of the trail, proved that the jacquard efficient is higher, and the structure is simpler and programmable. The electromagnetic and permanent model that the paper involved provide the basic theory for further discussing experimental program of drive needle, set relevant parameters. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This paper is based on interval data of power customer satisfaction degree. The evaluation method of voltage sag or dip is an analytical one which is used to consider the satisfaction of not only the utility but also the user side. Determining function is from the length of fault line and the voltage magnitude in the modern transmission and distribution network. The critical failure positions method is getting through analytical algorithm combined with iterative features. The range characteristics of satisfaction degree of customer side and the distribution regularities of the uncertainty region are considered in the paper. Then, the quantitative frequency of voltage sag is determined using the interval sag frequency. A small size network and IEEE 30-bus RTS are chosen to comparing with existing and traditional methods. And this novel method is proved to have much more academic value and practical foreground. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This paper presents a cascaded H–bridge multilevel inverter based series active filter intended for installation on industrial and utility power distribution systems. The control strategy based on Synchronous Reference Frame theory is designed so that the voltage injected by active filter is able to mitigate the voltage sag, imbalance in the source voltage and reduce the harmonic content. The active power filter which can be used under the condition of voltage sag and unbalanced or distorted source voltages can compensate the harmonics, reactive and negative sequence currents.Simulations have been carried out on MATLAB/Simulink platform with various types of loads. The analysis and simulation results under unbalanced load and dynamic loading are presented in this paper. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: In the paper we propose a conceptual methodology to control liquid state of Al-Si alloys in melting and holding sub-process of the pressure die-casting process. Given that, we determine the characteristic of the holding furnace based on weight percent (wt %) of the certain alloys and their elements. Subsequently the paper introduces an application of methodology of research for establishing characteristic of holding furnace. The application was realized under real conditions in foundry that uses horizontal cold chamber machine CLH 400.1. The chemical analysis was performed by spectrophotometer SPECTROLAB JR.CCD 2000. Finally the last part of the paper lists overall findings with possible future direction to extend this methodology in practice. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Grid Scale Wind Power Forecast is an effective way to increase acceptable wind power capacity and improve the Reliability and Security of power system integrated with large scale of wind power. In this paper, modelling technology for Grid scale wind power forecasting is discussed firstly. Using correlation matrix of output power and forecast accuracy coefficient, representative wind farms are selected and weight coefficient of each farm is determined. Then grid scale wind power forecast method based on the power output of representative farm is presented. And then the method is validated by the running data of a grid connected wind farm. The experiment result indicates the feasibility and effectiveness of the method presented in this paper, with RMSE as 12.91%, MAE as only 9.9%, and usable data rate reached 87.2%. The forecasting accuracy meets the application demands of projects and far ahead of the demands of industrial standard. This method is able to economize the computing resource, reduce the dependency to the data integrity of single wind farm of grid scale wind power forecast modelling, and has high practical value. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The paper deals with the computation of distribution network components reliability parameters. Knowledge of the component reliability parameters in power networks is necessary for the reliability computation and also for reliability-centered maintenance system. Component reliability parameters are possible to retrieve only with accurate databases of distribution companies. Such a database includes records of outages and interruptions in power networks. It is impossible to retrieve reliability parameters from this data in a direct way because of heterogeneity. In this paper, we introduce some results of databases calculations. We apply this framework for the retrieving of parameters from outage data in the Czech and Slovak republics. There are also actual results. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Development of green energy, especially such types as hydropower and wind power, presents great opportunities for companies’ growth. The aim of the paper is to investigate commercial viability of green energy business to make an investment choice for Latvian privately owned small sized hydropower producer and seller LLC “Green Energy Solutions” (“GES”). Firstly the paper investigated theoretical and practical application of such concept of commercial viability of a strategy as a SFA: suitability, feasibility and acceptability. Then the latest trends of Green Energy Business in EU and in Latvia have been explored and strategic suitability has been defined. Secondly, to confirm or disprove investments in a hydropower station or wind turbine, Equivalent annual annuities of each alternative investment project have been calculated and financial feasibility has been discussed. Finally, recommendations for stakeholders regarding further growth of company “GES” and acceptability of given strategic choice have been reviewed in detail. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Automatic code generation for structured flowchart is of great practical significance. It makes software development based on MDA (Model Driven Architecture) be more practical in detailed processing logic. A depth-first search algorithm based on recursion for identification of structured flowchart is proposed in paper [1]. However, the correctness has not been rigorously proved, either the automatic identification of error structure has not been considered. In this paper, we verify the correctness of the algorithm based on mathematical induction and add some strategies for the identification of error structure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This paper discusses the deployment method of Chinese outstanding engineers training plan for information security major. The plan needs two parts of training including school stage and enterprise stage and this paper proposes a training schema for the latter stage. Through professional knowledge learning, career planning, engineering practice and graduation design in enterprise, the students’ study and practice time in enterprise is at least a year. In the education and practice stage in enterprise, taking university-enterprise cooperation guide way, we establish the university-enterprise cooperation training mechanism and formulate professional training scheme and training programs in enterprise. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This paper presents the development of an engaging method for learning numbers via a highly interactive edutainment children storybook based on augmented reality technology and an old folklore story. Augmented Reality (AR) refers to the merging of synthetic sensory information into a user''s perception of a real environment. AR enhances the view of the real world by augmenting the real environment with virtual objects to provide additional information to the users. In the current context of an AR storybook, the view of the physical book (or the real world) is enhanced using virtual objects (3D models, animations, text, and sounds) viewed over a computer display device. This paper describe the development of an interactive graphical user interface (GUI) design for providing an augmented reality book enhanced story reading & learning experience. It also highlights the design of an interactive physical book interface design of the augmented reality book. Findings from an initial observational study of the prototype are also presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: In view of the current video data storage surge in demand, mass data storage problem must be paid more attention. Cloud computing techniques provide effective way to solve the problem. According to Hadoop technology in cloud computing, this paper puts forward the mass data storage architecture. Combining with the actual demand, the paper proposes the media resources storage solution. Through the practical applications, this solution can be overcome current storage method is insufficient, and is able to improve the efficiency of the storage. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: According to the development of network and multimedia technology, this paper discusses the virtual teaching model of experiment teaching online, and introduces the application of soil mechanics experiment teaching. This paper takes the virtual teaching of soil mechanics as example, and focuses on introducing experiment principle, main content and process, and characteristics of this experiment; and this paper builds the system of soil mechanics experimental model with FLASH animation, video clips and multimedia technology. What''s more, this paper discusses the thought and method to further improve this virtual experimental system. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: For putting in practice of agriculture engineering development and high–tech application, computer education for agriculture engineers is very important content whatever in university or employment cultivation. As long as advancement in agriculture engineering, many new technologies like digital agriculture, precision agriculture and information agriculture have grown up to be used. But while we deeply discuss computer education used in this field, the next generation new knowledge system in agriculture engineering should be presented, that is “Intelligent Agriculture(IA)” which is new concept based on intelligent control theory used in agriculture complex large system. With this concept, the agriculture system can be designed many close systems with feedback, and all of intelligent technologies combination artificial intelligent, automation control and computer algorithm research will be used in, and whole agriculture system can be realized to intelligent management and control output with advanced detecting technology and network control technology as well as all useful computer integration technologies. According to the connotation of IA, in this paper, the control structure and technology integration modeling describing for IA is discussed firstly. And then, for high technology application in agricultural field under IA, the future computer education supporting to IA for agriculture engineers is discussed. On the other hand, for application in two sides of controllable agricultural environment engineering and open field environment agriculture engineering, the future computer education for engineers will be changed correspondingly in curriculum. Hence, in this paper, the reform of computer education and work training for agricultural engineers are also discussed [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The algorithm in this paper is based on the combination of Quantum Evolutionary algorithm (QEA) and Ant Colony System (ACS), a new algorithm, Quantum Ant Colony Algorithm (QACA) is proposed in this paper. The core is that Q-bit and quantum rotation gate adopted in QEA are introduced into ACS to represent and update the pheromone respectively, so it has better diversity and global search capacity. The experimental result demonstrates that QACA can get better solutions to some Traveling Salesman Problems (TSP) than the solutions given in TSPLIB [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: It is one of the most concerns to improve the innovation and creativity of college students in China. Researchers have developed many pedagogical tools to improve the creativity of students. Because classroom is still the main place to get face–to–face education for undergraduate students in China, it is necessary for teachers to know how to create a creative culture environment when lecturing. This paper will discuss how to improve students’ innovation in computer network course. Computer network is a complex and evolving topic. Students usually find this subject technical and boring. Teaching computer network is challenging because of the abstract network concepts. This paper presents a visual educational tool named Packet Tracer and shows how it can be used for teaching innovation in computer network courses. Packet Tracer provides the network simulation, visualization and collaboration capabilities. It can not only help students to understand computer network principles but also improve students’ network practical skills. With Packet Tracer tools, students can design solutions for the projects. Positive feedbacks from students and teaching team show that the visual tools and designed projects make students more innovative and creative [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The long tail can be applied not only in the economical field, but also the culture field. Firstly, the paper details on the long tail phenomenon among data, information and knowledge. Then it points out that there exists significant long tail phenomenon in learning style, learning resources and learning space. According to the elements to boom the Long Tail market, the paper proposes a view on social network learning. It can be regarded as learning supported by social software, learning in real social environment, and learning with the integration of the three kinds of nets (neural networks, Internet, social networks). Knowledge is categorized into core knowledge and growth knowledge, the former depends on constructing and the latter depends on connecting. As the long tail does not replace the 80/20 rule, this paper holds the notion that connectivism also cannot be a substitute of constructivism, and they should complement each other [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: In this paper, combined with the previous investment risk evaluation method, combining with the characteristics of the development of agricultural science and technology enterprises, and from selection examples of the first agricultural science and technology innovation competition, constructs the agricultural science and technology enterprise investment risk evaluation system. The establishment of evaluation system is of great guiding significance to perfect selection mechanism of agriculture science and technology innovation competition. While this paper makes a verifying research on AHP - fuzzy comprehensive evaluation methods. Through empirical analysis, it has been found that the innovation ability of enterprise is the main factors to affect final score of two enterprises. The evaluation system and methods established by this paper is beneficial reference for improvement of agricultural science and technology innovation competition evaluation, and filling the gaps in agricultural science and technology enterprise investment risk research. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: According to those problems existing in performance evaluationof knowledge transfer among supply chain enterprises, this paper combines principal component analysis method with analytic hierarchy process,and on the basis of survey of the study on knowledge transfer performance evaluation, the paper establishes a performance evaluation index system of knowledge transfer among supply chain enterprises, which is from five aspects contains cost of enterprise knowledge, stock of enterprise knowledge, capabilities of enterprise knowledge sharing, exchange capabilities of the outside enterprises information and condition of enterprise knowledge integration. On this basis,using the Weighted Principal Component to carry on performance comprehensive evaluation of knowledge transfer among supply chain enterprises. Finally, an example illustrates the application of the Weighted Principal Component Analysis method has some practical value on performance evaluation of knowledge transfer in supply chain. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: It has been more than a century since the emergence of the lettered words. After that, with the development of economy and culture, the increase of international contacts and communication between China and foreign countries, lettered words have been appearing more frequently. Lettered words have become an indispensable part of Chinese vocabulary, such as WTO, Ka la OK and MP3. As a new phenomenon in the vocabulary system of the modern Chinese, the lettered words draws a lot of academic attention. Ecolinguistics is a new branch of linguistic, which combine the linguistic with the ecology. This paper is trying to analyze the lettered words from the perspective of Ecolinguistics. This paper will discuss the reasons of appearing the lettered words and the influence may give to modern Chinese form the ecolinguistic view. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Quality vocal music course has been carried out in many colleges and academies throughout China since its establishment in 2006. After tracing and investigating graduates of Shaanxi Preschool Normal College in past years, the author of this paper finds some problems with the teaching of vocal music in higher normal colleges. On the basis of analyzing the status quo of quality vocal music course in higher normal college, the paper explores an innovative teaching mode of quality vocal music course, brings forward the opinion that comprehensive passion and modern media are required in the teaching of quality vocal music course. How to innovate the teaching of quality vocal music course? The author has his own viewpoints. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Digital libraries promise new societal benefits, especially for e-learning in digital or mobile times, starting with the elimination of the time and space constraints of traditional bricks-and-mortar libraries. The library and information professionals are required to acquire such knowledge and skills as the library is one of the highly IT influenced service profession. This paper gives an overview of current trends in digital library research consists of digital library characteristic, advantage, disadvantages and function. This paper also highlights on the impact of information technology on the traditional library [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Based on the concept and evaluation methods of safety-related systems and safety integrity levels specified in the relevant international standards, this paper is described Estimating Technology of Safety Integrity Level of high-speed train in detail. Additionally, select a critical electrical system of high-speed train as the analysis object, and then identification and calculation of its SIL grade. This paper provides a basis for SIL level evaluation of High-speed Train. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This paper describes a water leak test of roof tiles. The 100 roof tiles were set up on 10 lines and 10 rows on the pitched roof in the downstream of the flow from the wind tunnel. The flow velocity was increased gradually from the low velocity to the high velocity, and the effects of the wind on the roof tiles were investigated by the water leak test. The situation of the water leak test was filmed by video camera. Two accelerometers were simultaneously used. The roof tiles which showed significant vibration at any velocity were found in a series of experiments and the accelerometers were attached to the two neighboring roof tiles on the model roof. The water leak phenomena in the experiment by using the artificial rainfall apparatus are discussed in this paper. Some mechanisms with relatively large amplitudes at low-frequency vibrations, which caused water leak phenomena were made clear. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Grid computing enables sharing, selection and aggregation of computing resources for solving complex and large-scale scientific problems. Grid scheduling is playing a vital role for the efficient and effective execution of jobs on computational grids. Most of the scheduling algorithms do not consider user and system objectives at the same time. Therefore, in this paper we introduce a concept of fairness to scheduling and present a new agent based job scheduling algorithm called Agent based Prioritized Dynamic Round Robin (APDRR). APDRR is designed and developed by combining the best features of round robin and priority job scheduling algorithm using agent technology. APDRR is fair scheduling algorithm from a user point of view while also regarding the optimization criteria that are anticipated from the system perspective. This paper also presents the comparative performance analysis of our proposed APDRR along with other well known job scheduling algorithms, considering the performance metrics comprised of average waiting time, average turnaround time, average response time, total completion time, average bounded slowdown time and maximum job stretch time. Performance evaluation of job scheduling algorithms has been carried out on a computational grid using real workload traces. Experimental evaluation confirmed that the proposed APDRR scheduling algorithm posses a high degree of optimality in performance, efficiency and scalability. This paper also includes a statistical analysis of real workload traces to present the nature and behavior of jobs [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: In this paper, an improved image denoising method based on a nonlinear thresholding function with adaptive bayes threshold in Nonsubsampled Contourlet Transform (NSCT) domain. In overcoming the shortcomings of the same threshold, the noise deviation of the different sub-band are estimated based on the coefficients of different directional and level sub-bands in NSCT domain, and the thresholds of every sub-band is estimated by Bayesian threshold estimation method. After choosing the thresholds, a nonlinear thresholding function was chosen to overcome the shortcomings of the soft and the hard thresholding function. The simulation results show that the proposed method in this paper can remove Gaussian white noise more effectively, and get a higher PSNR value and keep image texture and detail information more clearly, which also has a better visual effect. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The 3D data can be extracted by measuring healthy hip joint, which is the basis of making proper artificial hip conform to right physiological characteristics. In this paper, firstly, we use adaptive windows directed by neighbouring CT slices for reducing ranges of searching. Secondly, a method based on 2D contour characteristic points matching in multilayer is proposed to effectively correct contours. Thirdly, according to complexity in the primary contours, location and fitting quasi-circular contours femur head with circle are used to adjust contours of femur head . Finally, a projecting method based on distance transform has been used for locating key points of hip joint such as intersection of head and neck, which meets anatomy features, can obtain effective and efficient 3D data. In fact, experiment in this paper shows that the method in paper can accurately extract 3D data on proximal femur in CT Series Images [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The use of multi-media in Chinese college English education is becoming more and more popular. Compared with traditional teaching model, there are many advantages in the use of multi-media, and the paper has listed three of them. At the same time, due to the limitation of time, space and money, practical problems exist in the use of multi-media. The paper suggested some ways to solve the problem and mke a objective prediction for the future of multi-media teachinng. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: In this paper, two asymptotic stability criterions of the trivial solutions to a class of forth order nonlinear systems are improved, and an error which exists in the proof of Theorem 2 of the paper [1] is pointed out. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This paper analyzes the telecommunications industry has the characteristics of natural monopoly, economies of scale and the difficulty of monitoring, then the combination of economic and technology trends analysis showed that the telecom industry''s future development will be the body the following aspects: technical progress speed to promote the transfer of value, industrial integration to promote business competition, and user involvement to drive the experience economy and depth involved in the process of national information. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Infrared wireless communication plays an important role in wireless communication as its unique characteristic. The Infrared Data Association (IrDA) is a nonprofit international organization whose goal is to develop adopted specifications especially suited for low cost, short range, cross-platform, and point-to-point infrared wireless communications at a wide range of speeds. These standards have been implemented on various computer platforms and more recently have become available for many embedded applications. In this paper, we present the framework of IrDA stack first, and then describe the operating framework of IR Link Access Protocol (IrLAP), including the frame standard and the running process. Finally discuss the software design method based-on this framework. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Open loop control of hydraulic driven synchronously, because it relies entirely on the hydraulic control the synchronous drive of the actuator to control the accuracy of the components themselves, rather than the output of the actuator testing and feedback, so it can not eliminate or inhibit the adverse effects of high-precision synchronization. In this paper, the hydraulic control system for the classification of synchronization, comparison of the various types of control strategies, applications, and hydraulic synchronous control system for practical application in industry. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: For the poor signal quality in remote communication of voltage transmitter, a two-wire resistance-to-current transmitter with its input resistance of 1KΩ-2KΩ and its output current of 4mA -20mA, is proposed in this paper. The chip AD9851, which is a direct digital synthesizer (DDS), is controlled by the transmitter for a long distance. And then a sinusoidal signal with 1MHz-2MHz is generated by the AD9851. The practice proved that sinusoidal signal generator was controlled by the two-wire resistance-to-current transmitter in the process of remote data transmission. And moreover, the non-linearity of resistance and frequency were perfect. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: As information technology is applied in the modern enterprise management such as financing, marketing, enterprise resource planning widely, the high availability of enterprise information systems is more and more important. The key point of designing an enterprise information system is to choose appropriate high availability implementation models. In this paper first we introduce some general design principles on high availability of enterprise information systems, and second propose set of high availability implementation models such as Check-Point (CP) model, Process-Pair (PP) model, Recovery-Process (RP) model, Alternative-Process (AP) model, etc.A comparative analysis is performed to identify the applicability of the CP, PP, RP, AP implementation models. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This paper studied the MIMO-OFDM systems in fast time-varying channel estimation, the three adaptive channel estimation algorithms: RLS the QRD-RLS, IQRD-the RLS, used for the fast time-varying channel comparative studies, and computer simulation. Simulation results show that the three algorithms with similar performance, which, the QRD-the RLS and IQRD-RLS algorithm convergence rate faster than the RLS algorithm for real-time system, the two algorithms more efficient. Therefore, the QRD-the RLS and IQRD-RLS algorithm is more suitable for fast time-varying channel. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: High-speed data stream is a data flow velocity which exceeds the processing power of an integrated classifier; integrated classifier training cannot reach all the most recent data to update the classification model. To this end, this paper introduces the theory of optimal Bayesian classifier, and analyzed on the basis of its integrated classifier expect the deviation error variance decomposition, and finally presents a sampling bias based on integrated high-speed data stream classification algorithm, theoretical analysis is the experimental verification show the algorithm can effectively reduce the integrated classifier training update at the same time, the classification remains a high classification performance. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: In today''s market and economic conditions, marketing and the importance of an enterprise is self-evident. Business is war, and marketing is an important part of the entire battlefield. In business, one who has mastered a marketing initiative grasps the initiative of victory. The times we live in is an era of marketing, can be said that we are constantly engaged in marketing, marketing of goods, marketing services, marketing news, marketing strategy. Regardless of the marketing is what we must have the means of marketing; we must master the few means of marketing, such as defensive warfare, offensive warfare, flanking warfare, guerrilla warfare. This paper discusses the marketing principle of offensive warfare. We are talking about marketing offensive warfare is more than an industry, III enterprises are prepared, when an enterprise is strong enough, strong enough to attack when his leader, can be used an offensive war. Of course, this attack is not random, nor is it blind; it must follow certain principles to be. Start from the connotation of the marketing offensive warfare, of a marketing offensive warfare principles and implementation strategies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]