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It is something of a convention to note the timeliness of books under review. This one is not so much timely as long overdue, as is the intervention it represents. This superb collection of essays,...

The vicuna (the wild camelid Vicugna vicugna) has a successful history of population recovery. The Vicuna Convention and the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Wild Species of Flora an...

A healthy environment is an important precondition for the enjoyment of human rights. When framed in this way, environmental protection serves human interests rather than being an end in itself. Recognition of this relationship is evident in the European Convention on Human Rights and the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights, and the jurisprudence of their associated judicial bodies. However, we question whether the European or African human rights frameworks might be capable of delivering a demonstrable benefit for environmental protection. Through an examination of two cases (Dubetska v Ukraine and SERAC v Nigeria), we argue that both frameworks benefit the environment to the extent they seek to secure optimal living conditions for humans. However, the regimes are designed for the promotion of human, not environmental, well-being and consequently are largely ill-equipped to address broader environmental challenges like climate change, pollution or biodiversity loss in a way that leads to lasting environmental protection, despite these complex environmental problems continuing to threaten human rights. Accordingly, our analysis highlights the need for other appropriate legal mechanisms for individuals and communities to advocate for their environmental rights and obtain a suitable remedy when their human rights are impacted by environmental degradation.

Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) is an international mechanism linked to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change. It has been described in the field of pol...

The Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources is responsible for managing human activities in the Southern Ocean. The Convention’s Commission meets annually to determine m...

Part XV of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) establishes a system for compulsory and binding dispute resolution. Article 288(2) of UNCLOS allows the dispute resolution sy...

The express purpose of The United Nations Genocide Convention: An introduction is to provide undergraduates across the globe with an accessible text about the United Nations Convention on the Preve...

Consistent with their treatment of individual participants, educational researchers regularly use pseudonyms to reference their study sites. The rationales, strategies, and implications of masking ...

In 2019, the International Labour Organization (ILO), celebrated its 100th anniversary and 30 years since it in 1989 adopted the Convention Indigenous and Tribal Peoples in Independent Countries, C...

A theoretical understanding is offered to help explore how students attempt to reconcile divergent narratives around the purposes of Higher Education in relation to their own writing. Drawing from the twin notions of centripetal and centrifugal forces, the paper discusses the ways that students both follow and resist convention in their own writing, and their reasons for doing so. In revealing the intricate oscillation between restrictive and expansive writing approaches, the research suggests that students ‘tilt’ their writing according to a diverse and broad understanding of higher education learning. Derived from semi-structured interviews with undergraduate students at a pre-1992 university, the research challenges the over-emphasis placed on consumeristic agendas of students and provides insights beneficial for practitioners involved in the supporting and assessing of student writing in Higher Education.

This essay establishes a framework for analysing culture wars in the post-communist space. Using Latvia’s debate over the ratification of the Istanbul Convention on violence against women, it outlines the central features of culture wars: moralisation, externalisation of agency, the instrumentalisation of culture and the struggle for power and resources. While existing scholarship conceptualises culture wars as a dichotomous battle between the sacred and the secular, or between liberal and illiberal, our thematic analysis of the Istanbul Convention debate in Latvia finds it was less about culture and more a complex struggle between political and religious actors competing for power and resources.

Despite the promulgation of the UNESCO Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage in 1972, widely lauded for being the first international convention to include...

In April 1957, Chinese educators from across the Philippines gathered in Manila for the First Convention of Chinese Schools in the country. This article comprises a translation of and commentary on...

It is not uncommon to see prices that end with a 9 or 99, be it in a restaurant, grocery store, or clothes store. Yet, this convention in pricing is typically found in the US, and evidence of it in...

This article explores the plausibility of submitting disputes concerning activities in undelimited maritime areas to United Nations Convention on the Law of Sea (UNCLOS) compulsory procedures in or...

The Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR) has addressed the management of biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction since its establishment under the 1980 Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CAMLR Convention). The development of a draft Agreement under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ Agreement) reinforces the significance of conservation oriented, ecosystem-based management in areas beyond national jurisdiction pioneered by CCAMLR. This paper explores the potential interplay between CCAMLR and the BBNJ Agreement, noting that while the BBNJ Agreement commits not to ‘undermine relevant legal instruments and frameworks and relevant global, regional, subregional and sectoral bodies’, it is likely to sharpen assessments of CCAMLR’s performance.

This research paper deals in three main sections. The first one is a brief overview of the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL), its annexes, and regulations...

The role of conventions in Keynes’s theory has been controversial. When dealing with investment and production decisions, Keynes referred to a projective rule that is his main example of convention...

This paper contributes to debates on the use of cultural events to regenerate urban areas. Cultural geographers have identified the influence of such events in informing urban belonging, whilst being cautious towards the politics associated with claims of diversity and inclusion. Yet, what seldom features in such geographic accounts are the ways events influence, and are influenced by, inclusions and exclusions beyond their temporal and spatial confines, including how territorial processes flow in and across both online and offline spaces. In this paper, we thus adopt Brighenti’s (2010) relational approach to territoriality to reveal the fluid and heterogeneous ways the Independent Manchester Beer Convention renders processes of inclusion and exclusion within, and beyond, the time and space of the craft beer event. Utilising fieldwork observations at the 2018 and 2019 conventions and 4,300 social media posts associated with the 2019 convention, we identify how particular subjectivities come to be included and excluded in different ways through the event. We argue that recognition regarding the fluidity and heterogeneity of territorial boundaries, and the role of affordances in shifting such boundaries, are imperative in the utilization of cultural events in generating inclusions through cultural-led regeneration.

A quality management system is an essential and mandatory instrument for maritime higher education institutions mandated by the International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification, and...

The United Nations adopted an “equal pay for work of equal value” convention in 1951, well over 25 years prior to such a provision being legislated in Canada. Legal action in Ontario and Quebec esp...

This article examines the role played by the Soviet Union during the negotiations of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. The author argues that since its transformation into a mari...

Convention attendance promotes professionals’ development and learning. But how does someone make the most out of convention attendance? This article provides tips and tricks for professionals so t...

The “libreta” or notebook in Spanish is the vernacular name for the writing convention and product that is central to Afro-Cuban religions, especially Lucumi or la Regla de Ocha. These texts speak ...

Liminal entities are neither here nor there; they are betwixt and between the positions assigned and arrayed by law, custom, convention, and ceremonial.1Set in Hong Kong, the 1955 adventure film, S...

On November 1, 2021, the world’s nations will convene as the 26th meeting of the Conference of Parties (COP 26) under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change. This milestone convention was cr...

This special issue emerged from a 2018 Modern Languages Association (MLA) Convention panel that was curious about the possibilities and limitations of the visual arts when documenting social, polit...

The article presents an overview of the Polish model of post-conviction preventive detention (PPD) and analyses its compatibility with the European Convention on Human Rights. PPD is defined as det...

Since the establishment of the Climate Convention and its recent Paris Agreement, capacity building has been considered as a fundamental prerequisite for achieving the goals of the climate regime. ...

As I write this review, I am on a break between the fall and spring semesters at the two universities where I teach. At each institution, following a convention that is common in the United States,...

Elizabeth Cady Stanton is widely considered to be the founder of the early women’s rights movement in America. She convened the first convention dedicated specifically to women’s rights in America,...

This paper outlines an overview of recent research advances in different production technologies toward sustainable development of nonwoven naturally sourced materials as alternatives to convention...

The Republic of Kazakhstan ratified the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Disabled People in January 2015 as part of a programme of ‘Future without Barriers’ and has sought to make the maj...

The growing value of forest resources has produced an increasing regulation of the use of forest resources in the national states of the Amazonian region. The new generation of forest norms have es...

Safety is often described as freedom from unacceptable risk. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) since its establishment has consistently been working towards mitigation of risks at sea b...

This article examines artistic intervention into local conventions as a means of eliciting social awareness within the current cultural space of Dushanbe, Tajikistan, in which self-censorship is co...

The United Nations Convention on Animal Health and Protection (UNCAHP) is a proposed convention that aims to provide a global protection to all animals worldwide. This initiative is proposed by the...

Damien Gonzales-Salzberg’s book is a welcome addition to the literature on the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR, the Court) case law from a queerer approach.1 The book sets the binary assumpti...

The obligations of state sponsorship in the exploration and exploitation of the resources in the international seabed area require states parties to the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of...

American cultural and political presentations of 9/11 often resort to the easily recognizable narrative convention of Bildungsroman, intensifying the nostalgia for an illusory, ideal past before th...

Steve (to whom I will refer hereafter, in accordance with journal convention, as Stern) has offered us a compelling and poignant narrative of his work over forty years with a “psychically homeless”...

Released in June 2018 across most of Netflix’s worldwide outlets, Hannah Gadsby’s comedy special Nanette has gained intense attention. Widely described as a ‘game changer’ for challenging what stan...

The Minamata Convention on Mercury, which entered into full force in August 2017, was signed by more than 100 countries, including several where artisanal and small-scale gold mining is practised, ...

More than two decades ago, UNESCO’s (1994) Salamanca Statement and Framework for Action on Special Needs Education galvanised the inclusion movement by providing a framework for inclusive education...

The nature of compulsory insurance for civil liability for oil pollution damage is to ensure that the persons who have suffered loss from oil pollution will be compensated. It always guarantees the...

The aim of this paper is to provide a theoretical analysis of the role of social conventions as emergent phenomena in financial markets, the latter being thought of as dynamically complex systems. ...

Using insights from classical functionalism, this article analyses the complex relationship between the Convention on the Legal Status of the Caspian Sea and the Caspian Environment Programme (CEP). The article pursues three objectives. First, it shows how shared ecological issues challenged individual littoral states and brought their respective governments under the CEP umbrella in 1998. Second, it shows how key actors (UNEP, UNDP, GEF, and World Bank – besides states) are involved in shaping the politics of the Caspian Sea region and how their preferences, both political and economic, and networks affect the capacity, opportunity and will of governments (e.g., ministries, parliaments and presidents) to cooperate. Third, it explains the link between low environmental politics and the uncertain legal status of the Caspian Sea. I find that lessons learned from environmental cooperation spilled over into the discussion of the legal status of the sea, which culminated in the signing of the Convention.

Pluralism has been recognised by the European Court of Human Rights as a guiding principle for the interpretation and application of the European Convention on Human Rights, being inseparably linke...

Currently, international civil liability law has three tiers of compensation for damage caused by ship-source oil pollution, based on The International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Polluti...