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49 results on '"Lin, C T"'

1. Masked Face Detection with Illumination Awareness

Author

Dinh, TH, Doan, QM, Trung, NL, Nguyen, DN, and Lin, C-T

Abstract

Mask mandate has been applied in many countries in the last two years as a simple but effective way to limit the Covid-19 transmission. Besides the guidance from authorities regarding mask use in public, numerous vision-based approaches have been developed to aid with the monitoring of face mask wearing. Despite promising results have been obtained, several challenges in vision-based masked face detection still remain, primarily due to the insufficient of a quality dataset covering adequate variations in lighting conditions, object scales, mask types, or occlusion levels. In this paper, we investigate the effectiveness of a lightweight masked face detection system under different lighting conditions and the possibility of enhancing its performance with the employment of an image enhancement algorithm and an illumination awareness classifier. A dataset of human subjects with and without face masks in different lighting conditions is first introduced. An illumination awareness classifier is then trained on the collected dataset, the labeling of which is processed automatically based on the difference in detection accuracy when an image enhancement algorithm is taken into account. Experimental results have shown that the combination of the masked face detection system with the illumination awareness and an image enhancement algorithm can boost the system performance to up to 8.6%, 7.4%, and 8.5% in terms of Accuracy, F1-score, and AP-M, respectively.

Published
2022

3. Joint Approximate Diagonalization Divergence Based Scheme For Eeg Drowsiness Detection Brain Computer Interfaces

Author

Reddy, TK, Wang, Y-K, Lin, C-T, and Andreu-Perez, J

Abstract

Neurons usually converse through electrochemical signals and pooled neuronal firings feasibly be recorded on the scalp through the medium of electroencephalogram (EEG). EEG waveforms are recorded, analysed and categorized across directives concerning a Brain-Computer Interface (BCI). Deteriorated signal to noise ratio and non-stationarities stand as a paramount obstacle in steady decoding of EEG. Appearance of non-stationarities across EEG patterns notably upset the feature waveforms thus worsening the functioning of detection block and as a whole the Brain Computer Interface. Stationary Subspace schemes bring to light subspaces within which data distribution persists stably over time. Current work focuses on the development of a novel spatial transform based feature extraction scheme to address nonstationarity in EEG signals recorded against a drowsiness detection problem (a machine learning regression scenario). The presented approach: F-DIV-IT-JAD-WS derived features distinctly surpassed DivOVR-FuzzyCSP-WS based standard features across RMSE and CC performance criteria pair. We construe that the propounded feature derivation approach based on F-DIV-IT-JAD-WS will usher a significant attention in researchers who are developing algorithms for signal processing, specifically, for BCI regression scenarios.

Published
2021

4. Prediction-Error Negativity to Assess Singularity Avoidance Strategies in Physical Human-Robot Collaboration

Author

Aldini, S, Singh, AK, Carmichael, M, Wang, Y-K, Liu, D, and Lin, C-T

Abstract

In physical human-robot collaboration (pHRC), singularity avoidance strategies are often critical to obtain stable interaction dynamics. It is hypothesised a predictable singularity avoidance strategy is preferred in pHRC as humans tend to maximise predictability when using complex systems. By using an electroencephalogram (EEG), it is possible to assess the predictability of a task through a feature found in event-related potentials (ERP) and called prediction-error negativity (PEN). In this paper, two research questions are addressed. Can a complex pHRC singularity avoidance strategy generate a detectable PEN? Are PEN and human preferences related when comparing different control settings in a singularity avoidance strategy? Fourteen participants compared two different sets of parameters (modes) in a singularity avoidance strategy based on the exponentially damped least-squared (EDLS) method. ERP results are presented in terms of power spectral density (PSD). ERP results were then compared with human preferences to see whether they are related. Results show that the mode that causes PEN is also the one that participants did not like, suggesting that a lack of predictability might have an impact on human preference.

Published
2021

5. The Effects of a Stressful Physical Environment During Virtual Reality Height Exposure

Author

Zhu, HY, Chen, H-T, and Lin, C-T

Abstract

Virtual reality height exposure is a reliable method of inducing stress with low variance across age and demographics. As the virtual environment's quality of rendering fidelity increases dramatically, it leads to the neglect or simplification of the physical environment. This paper presents an experiment that explored the effects of an elevated physical platform with a virtually heightened environment to induce stress. Fifteen participants experienced four different conditions of varying physical and virtual heights. Participants reported significantly higher stress level when physically elevated regardless of the virtual height, which suggests that the inherent elevation will induce more stress within participants.

Published
2021

8. Intelligent Multi-agent Coordination and Learning

Author

Chang, Y-C, Dostovalova, A, Lin, C-T, and Kim, J

Abstract

We present a hierarchical neural-fuzzy system for precision coordination of multiple mobile agents for simultaneous arrival at their destination positions in a cluttered urban environment. We assume that each agent is equipped with a 2D scanning LiDAR to make movement decisions based on local distance and bearing information. Two solution approaches are considered and compared. Both of them are structured around a hierarchical arrangement of controller modules to enable synchronisation of the agents arrival times while avoiding collision with obstacles. The first approach is based on cascading SONFIN (Self-Organizing Neural Fuzzy Inference Network) controllers, and the second approach considers the use of an LSTM (Long ShortTerm Memory) recurrent neural network module alongside SONFIN modules. Parameters of all the controllers are optimised using the Particle Swarm optimization algorithm. A physics-based simulator, Webots, is used as a training and testing environment for the two learning models to facilitate the deployment of codes to hardware which will follow in the next phase of our research.

Published
2019

9. 5.3 An Up-to-1400nm 500MHz Demodulated Time-of-Flight Image Sensor on a Ge-on-Si Platform

Author

Chen, C.-L., primary, Chu, S.-W., additional, Chen, B.-J., additional, Lyu, Y.-F., additional, Hsu, K.-C., additional, Liang, C.-F., additional, Su, S.-S., additional, Yang, M.-J., additional, Chen, C.-Y., additional, Cheng, S.-L., additional, Liu, H.-D., additional, Lin, C.-T., additional, Petrov, K. P., additional, Chen, H.-W., additional, Chu, K.-C., additional, Wu, P.-C., additional, Huang, P.-T., additional, Na, N., additional, and Chen, S.-L., additional

Published
2020
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10. High-Performance Germanium-an-Silicon Lock-in Pixels for Indirect Time-of-Flight Applications

Author

Na, N., primary, Cheng, S.-L., additional, Liu, H.-D., additional, Yang, M.-J., additional, Chen, C.-Y., additional, Chen, H.-W., additional, Chou, Y.-T., additional, Lin, C.-T., additional, Liu, W.-H., additional, Liang, C.-F., additional, Chen, C.-L., additional, Chu, S.-W., additional, Chen, B.-J., additional, Lyu, Y.-F., additional, and Chen, S.-L., additional

Published
2018
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19. Metal pillar interconnection topology for bonded two-terminal multijunction III–V solar cells

Author

McMahon, W.E., primary, Lin, C.-T., additional, Ward, J.S., additional, Geisz, J.F., additional, Wanlass, M.W., additional, Carapella, J.J., additional, Olavarria, W., additional, Young, M., additional, Steiner, M.A., additional, France, R.M., additional, Kibbler, A.E., additional, Duda, A., additional, Olson, J.M., additional, Perl, E.E., additional, Friedman, D.J., additional, and Bowers, J.E., additional

Published
2013
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21. Metal pillar interconnection topology for bonded two-terminal multijunction III–V solar cells

Author

McMahon, W.E., primary, Lin, C.-T., additional, Ward, J.S., additional, Geisz, J.F., additional, Wanlass, M.W., additional, Carapella, J.J., additional, Olavarría, W., additional, Young, M., additional, Steiner, M.A., additional, France, R.M., additional, Kibbler, A.E., additional, Duda, A., additional, Olson, J.M., additional, Perl, E.E., additional, Friedman, D.J., additional, and Bowers, J.E., additional

Published
2012
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25. A Novel “hybrid” high-k/metal gate process for 28nm high performance CMOSFETs

Author

Lai, C. M., primary, Lin, C. T., additional, Cheng, L. W., additional, Hsu, C. H., additional, Tseng, J. T., additional, Chiang, T. F., additional, Chou, C. H., additional, Chen, Y. W., additional, Yu, C. H., additional, Hsu, S. H., additional, Chen, C. G., additional, Lee, Z. C., additional, Lin, J. F., additional, Yang, C. L., additional, Ma, G. H., additional, and Chien, S. C., additional

Published
2009
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32. A highly scaled, high performance 45 nm bulk logic CMOS technology with 0.242 μm2 SRAM cell

Author

Cheng, Kuan-Lun, primary, Wu, C. C., additional, Wang, Y. P., additional, Lin, D. W., additional, Chu, C. M., additional, Tarng, Y. Y., additional, Lu, S. Y., additional, Yang, S. J., additional, Hsieh, M. H., additional, Liu, C. M., additional, Fu, S. P., additional, Chen, J. H., additional, Lin, C. T., additional, Lien, W. Y., additional, Huang, H. Y., additional, Wang, P. W., additional, Lin, H. H., additional, Lee, D. Y., additional, Huang, M. J., additional, Nieh, C. F., additional, Lin, L. T., additional, Chen, C. C., additional, Chang, W., additional, Chiu, Y. H., additional, Wang, M. Y., additional, Yeh, C. H., additional, Chen, F. C., additional, Wu, C. M., additional, Chang, Y. H., additional, Wang, S. C., additional, Hsieh, H. C., additional, Lei, M. D., additional, Goto, K., additional, Tao, H. J., additional, Cao, M., additional, Tuan, H. C., additional, Diaz, C. H., additional, and Mii, Y. J., additional

Published
2007
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38. Performance Comparison of OFDM Signal and CAP Signal Over High Capacity RGB-LED-Based WDM Visible Light Communication.

Author

Wu, F. M., Lin, C. T., Wei, C. C., Chen, C. W., Chen, Z. Y., Huang, H. T., and Chi, Sien

Abstract

We experimentally demonstrate a visible light communication (VLC) system based on a single commercially available RGB-type LED. High spectrally efficient carrier-less amplitude and phase (CAP) modulation and orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) are adopted in the intensity-modulation and direct-detection VLC system of limited bandwidth. In order to achieve higher capacity of the uneven-frequency-response LED-based VLC system, OFDM signals are combined with the bit- and power-loading techniques, and CAP signals of various modulation are pre-emphasized to modulate one of the RGB chips. To reach the BER of less than 10^-3, CAP and OFDM signals demonstrate the maximum data rates of 1.32 and 1.08 Gb/s, respectively, employing the blue chip. In addition to spectrally efficient formats, the wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) scheme is applied to further increase the capacity. After individually optimizing RGB chips, the maximum aggregate data rates of CAP and OFDM are 3.22 and 2.93 Gb/s, respectively, in our RGB-LED-based WDM VLC system. Hence, compared with OFDM, the CAP scheme shows competitive performance and provides an alternative spectrally efficient modulation for next generation optical wireless networks. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
2013
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39. Exfoliated Thin \Bi2\Sr2 \CaCu2\O8 + \delta Single Crystal and Its Intrinsic Josephson Junctions.

Author

Wang, X., You, Lixing, Yang, X. Y., Xie, X. M., Lin, C. T., and Jiang, M. H.

Subjects
JOSEPHSON junctions, SINGLE crystals, HIGH-temperature superconducting filters, THIN films, ANISOTROPIC crystals
Abstract

Thin \Bi2\Sr2\CaCu2\O8 + \delta (Bi-2212) single crystals with the typical thicknesses of 20–200 nm are prepared with mechanical exfoliation, which can be firmly attached to a substrate by van der Waals and/or capillary force instead of using any glue. The thin Bi-2212 single crystals are interesting for superconducting device fabrication and applications as well as the study of low-dimension superconductivity. A stack of intrinsic Josephson junctions including eight junctions is demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2012
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40. Junction Passivation for Direct Silicon Bond Hybrid Orientation Technology.

Author

Joshi, Sachin, Pinto, Angelo, Huang, Y.-T., Wise, Rick, Cleavelin, Rinn, Seacrist, Mike, Ries, Mike, Ramin, Manfred, Freeman, Melissa, Nguyen, Billy, Matthews, Kenneth, Wilks, Bruce, Denning, Laurie, Johnson, Charlene, Bennet, Joe, Ma, Mike, Lin, C.-T., and Banerjee, Sanjay K.

Subjects
SILICON, DIODES, SEMICONDUCTORS, HIGH technology, DIGITAL electronics, LOGIC circuits, METAL oxide semiconductors
Abstract

Direct silicon bonding (DSB) for hybrid orientation technology has recently generated a lot of interest due to the significant performance enhancements reported for PMOS devices that are fabricated on alternative substrate orientations. Significantly higher leakage was observed for P+ /N diodes if the junction depletion region was located close to the interface between the (110) and (100) Si surfaces. Hydrogen and fluorine passivation of this interface by ion implantation resulted in an order of magnitude improvement in the reverse leakage. In this brief, the experiments that performed using several dose levels of H2, F, and N implants are described. Electrical characterization data for reverse leakage, forward current, and ideality factors are presented in the form of cumulative probability plots, from which it is concluded that H and F passivation by ion implantation consistently provides a significant improvement in junction leakage, as compared to an unimplanted DSB wafer. An increase in the forward resistance was observed due to the implants, as compared to bulk Si (100) control. samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2007
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43. Effective Work Function Modulation by Aluminum Ion Implantation on Hf-Based High- k/Metal Gate pMOSFET.

Author

Chen, Y. W., Lai, C. M., Chiang, T. F., Cheng, L. W., Yu, C. H., Chou, C. H., Hsu, C. H., Chang, W. Y., Wu, T. B., and Lin, C. T.

Abstract

The impact of aluminum (Al) implantation into \TiN/HfO2\/ \SiO2 on the effective work function is investigated. Al implanted through poly-Si cannot attain sufficient flatband voltage (VFB) shift unless at higher implantation energy. Al implanted through TiN at 1.2 keV with a dose of \5 \times \10^15\ \cm^-2 raised the V \rm FB to about 250 mV compared with a nonimplanted gate stack. Moreover, the VFB shift can be up to about 800 mV at 2 keV with the same dose level accompanied with slightly equivalent oxide thickness penalty and gate leakage current degradation. Optimized process window to control Al diffusion depth was essential to minimize these impacts. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
2010
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44. The Investigation of Post-Annealing-Induced Defects Behavior on 90-nm In Halo nMOSFETs With Low-Frequency Noise and Charge-Pumping Measuring.

Author

Chieh-Ming Lai, Yean-Kuen Fang, Wen-Kuan Yeh, Lin, C. T., and Chou, T. H.

Subjects
METAL oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors, INDIUM, BORON, OXIDES, NOISE
Abstract

In this letter, we investigated the effects of post-annealing on indium (In) halo-induced defects for 90-nm nMOSFETs with both low-frequency noise and charge-pumping (CP) current measuring methods. The noise in In halo devices with and without a post-annealing is lower and higher than that in Boron-halo devices, respectively. Additionally, with increase of annealing time, the noise is decreased for the measuring frequency less than 1 kHz due to the efficient elimination of oxide defects. For frequency larger than 1 kHz, the longer annealing time induces a larger quantity interface defects thus enhancing the generation of noise in high frequency. The results are nicely supported by the measurements of gate integrity and CP currents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2007
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48. Author's Reply.

Author

Wu, S. J. and Lin, C. T.

Subjects
SPACE trajectories, FUZZY systems, LETTERS to the editor
Abstract

Presents a letter to the editor expressing the author's reply to a critique of his research on the relationship between the finite optimal trajectory and the infinite optimal trajectory in Lemma 3, which cannot act as a theory basis for the further implementation of other theorems and the dynamic decomposition algorithm.

Published
2005
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49. Fuzzy-Based Voltage/Reactive Power Scheduling for Voltage Security Improvement and Loss Reduction.

Author

Su, C. T. and Lin, C. T.

Abstract

This paper presents a new approach using fuzzy set theory for voltage and reactive power control of power systems. The purpose is to find a solution that takes both voltage security enhancement and loss reduction into account for an electric power system. The approach translates violation levels of buses voltage and controlling ability of controlling devices into fuzzy set notations using a linearized model. A feasible solution set that achieves voltage improvement is first attained using the max-min operation of fuzzy sets. The final solution, which takes power loss reduction into account, is then determined employing the min-operation on the feasible solution set previously obtained. A modified IEEE 30-bus test system is used to demonstrate the application of the proposed approach. Simulation results show that the approach is efficient, simple, and straightforward. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
2001
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