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Introduction: The electrocardiogram (ECG) plays an important role in the diagnosis of heart diseases. However, most patterns of diseases are based on old datasets and stepwise algorithms that provide limited accuracy. Improving diagnostic accuracy of the ECG can be done by applying machine learning algorithms. This requires taking existing scanned or printed ECGs of old cohorts and transforming the ECG signal to the raw digital (time (milliseconds), voltage (millivolts)) form. Objectives: We present a MATLAB-based tool and algorithm that converts a printed or scanned format of the ECG into a digitized ECG signal. Methods: 30 ECG scanned curves are utilized in our study. An image processing method is first implemented for detecting the ECG regions of interest and extracting the ECG signals. It is followed by serial steps that digitize and validate the results. Results: The validation demonstrates very high correlation values of several standard ECG parameters: PR interval 0.984 +/-0.021 (p-value

The Editorial Board of the IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy (OAJPE) would like to recognize the following best papers selected from all papers published between October 2018 and September 2021 in OAJPE and its preceding journal, IEEE Power and Energy Technology Systems Journal (PETS-J).

The semantic link network is a semantics modeling method for effective information services. This paper proposes a new text summarization approach that extracts semantic link network from scientific paper consisting of language units of different granularities as nodes and semantic links between the nodes, and then ranks the nodes to select Top-k sentences to compose summary. A set of assumptions for reinforcing representative nodes is set to reflect the core of paper. Then, semantic link networks with different types of node and links are constructed with different combinations of the assumptions. Finally, an iterative ranking algorithm is designed for calculating the weight vectors of the nodes in a converged iteration process. The iteration approximately approaches a stable weight vector of sentence nodes, which is ranked to select Top-k high-rank nodes for composing summary. We designed six types of ranking models on semantic link networks for evaluation. Both objective assessment and intuitive assessment show that ranking semantic link network of language units can significantly help identify the representative sentences. This paper not only provides a new approach to summarizing text based on the extraction of semantic links from text but also verifies the effectiveness of adopting the semantic link network in rendering the core of text. The proposed approach can be applied to implementing other summarization applications such as generating an extended abstract, the mind map, and the bulletin points for making the slides of a given paper. It can be easily extended by incorporating more semantic links to improve text summarization and other information services.

In the last decade, much effort has been invested in using methanol as an oil-soluble chemical marker for assessing the condition of insulating paper. The use of this marker as paper life index presents many advantages particularly with new transformers insulated with thermally upgraded papers. However, until now, no interpretation model has been available for its extensive use by the transformer community. In this paper, a methanol-based interpretation model is presented for the first time using postmortem paper analysis on core-type transformers. This model allows the evaluation of the average degree of polymerization of a transformer's cellulose winding. Furthermore, threshold values based on the methanol concentration are given using this approach. Finally, model validation was performed on a limited number of papers taken from transformers being assessed in the repair shop. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The long-term operation of dry-type transformer bushings at high temperatures can impact the performance of their primary insulation material. This article presents an experimental study of the effect of thermal aging time on electrical treeing in the epoxy resin-impregnated paper. The experimental results show that the electrical treeing pattern along the middle path of the electric field and the interlayer creepage along the average direction of the electric field are closely related to the aging time. Under the effect of thermal aging at 150 °C, the tree-starting voltage of epoxy resin-impregnated paper tends to increase and decrease as the aging time increases. An analysis and discussion of the test results in conjunction with scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) tests suggest that the destruction of the cross-linked network of the epoxy resin-impregnated paper at 150 °C is a fundamental reason for the significant decrease in the material’s tree-starting voltage and the change in electrical treeing morphology and interlayer creepage. Long-term operation at high temperatures can seriously impact the primary insulation performance of dry-type transformer bushings and requires attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article titled "Call for Papers: IEEE ETHICS-2025" discusses the theme of the 2025 IEEE ETHICS conference, which is "Emerging Technologies, Ethics, and Social Justice." The conference aims to explore various topics related to the ethical and social implications of emerging technologies, such as automation, AI ethics, social innovation, and the future of work. It also highlights the connection between emerging technologies and UN Sustainable Development Goals, as well as the importance of teaching AI ethics. The article provides information on the submission deadline for papers and poster abstracts. [Extracted from the article]

High-frequency (HF) oil-immersed transformers with small size and light weight have been paid wide attention by researchers. Its oil–paper insulation frequently withstands HF over-voltages at frequencies of several kilohertz and above, resulting in the too early failure of oil–paper insulation. In order to investigate the effect of HF on oil–paper insulation, this article investigates the partial discharge (PD) characteristics of oil–paper insulation under HF stress. The experimental results show that a frequency-induced inflection point is existed near 10 kHz and the PD parameters of HF voltages is much higher than that ac voltages. Besides, the theoretical mechanism is expounded to interpret and understand the formation process of frequency-induced inflection points more easily. It can be found that the change in frequency causes the change in the charge decay time constant and the residual charge on the insulating surface, resulting in the formation of the frequency-induced inflection point at HF. These results might contribute to determine the characteristics of PDs between HF voltages and ac voltages. It can provide references for the research and production of HF transformers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes a flow control of the dye in the paper mill with the quasi-Z-source indirect matrix converter (QZSIMC) fed induction motor drive. More than a decade the voltage-source inverter (VSI) and current-source inverter (CSI) have been used to control the speed of the induction motor, which in turns controls the flow of dye. Recently, the matrix converter (MC) has been an excellent competitor for the VSI or CSI for its compactness. The voltage transfer ratio of the VSI, CSI, and MC has been limited to 0.866. Thus, the efficiency of these converters is less. To improve the voltage transfer ratio the quasi-Z-source network (QZSN) is to be used between voltage source and indirect MC (IMC). The modification in the shoot-through duty ratio of the QZSN varies the voltage transfer ratio greater than 0.866. Different voltage transfer ratios are needed for different voltage sag conditions. For a variation of the duty ratio of the QZSN, the fuzzy logic controller has been presented. To control the IMC vector control with space vector modulation has been presented. This paper proposes the implementation of QZSIMC adjustable speed drive for the flow control of dye in paper mill during different voltage sag conditions. A 4-kW prototype has been built and the effectiveness of the proposed system is verified with simulation results and experimental setup. Simulation is done in MATLAB, Simulink platform. Experimental setup is done with the aid of a TMS320F2812 (Texas Instrument) processor. The experimental results validate the maintenance of the speed of an induction motor at the set condition, thus controlling the perfect flow of dye in paper manufacturing technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This Special Section is devoted to the research and development activities of all areas of flexible electronics science and technology. We have a selected number of high impact technical papers presented at the first IEEE International Flexible Electronics Technology Conference (IFETC) in 2018 for publication in J-EDS. The first IFETC was held in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada from the 7th to 9th August, 2018. The conference was financially sponsored by the IEEE Council on RFID, and technically sponsored by the National Research Council Canada, IEEE Electron Device Society, and the IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Society. The conference was dedicated to the advances in flexible electronics in all areas of science and technology, and provided an opportunity for scientists, researchers, engineers, developers, and users in the field to share, discuss, and witness new concepts and ideas. A wide spectrum of academic research results was presented, with potential applications in current industrial technology and new application driven domains.

The publication of the 2020 Special Section of Invited Papers on Emerging Topics in the Power and Energy Society (PES) received broad interest from diverse readers of the PES community. We continued to publish the special section for another year. After a rigorous peer-review process, a total of 13 papers [A1]–[A13] were accepted for publication in this invited section of the IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy (OAJPE) in 2021.

The application of vibration-based condition monitoring methods to power transformers has shown the potential for detecting mechanical transformer failures. The ageing of winding insulation paper, which is a common problem in long-serving power transformers, affects both the electrical and mechanical strength of the windings. This paper is concerned with the vibration features of winding disks with aged insulation paper. The vibration characteristics of single-layer winding disks wrapped with insulation paper are investigated. By examining the vibration frequency responses of winding disks with different degrees of ageing of insulation paper, the effects of aged paper on the vibration behaviors of winding disks are demonstrated. The experimental results show that changes in the vibration responses of winding disks can be related to the ageing of insulation paper, and thus it is possible to detect this failure mode in a power transformer using a vibration-based method. A qualitative explanation for these changes is presented, using the degradation of the mechanical strength of the insulation paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an experimental study on the physicochemical properties of rice oil, peanut oil, corn oil and Kraft paper immersed in these oils in the presence of antioxidants (butylated hydroxytoluene, tertiary butyl hydroquinone and Naugalube¯ 750). The experiments are performed on new and aged conditions. Ageing of oils is carried at 115 °C for 96 hours while Kraft paper is aged in oils at 130 °C for 164 hours. Both closed and open cup methods are used for ageing. The results show that ageing insignificantly affects the breakdown voltage, but markedly increases the acid number and the viscosity of the vegetable oils. The combination of tertiary butyl hydroquinone and either butylated hydroxytoluene or Naugalube¯ 750 slightly increases the breakdown voltage, but significantly raises the oxidation stability of the vegetable oils. This results in a reduction in the viscosity and the acid number of the vegetable oils. Moisture significantly affects the breakdown voltage of both vegetable and mineral oil. High moisture content results in low breakdown voltage. The results also show that ageing insignificantly affects the breakdown voltage, but markedly decreases the tensile strength of oil-impregnated paper. Although the presence of antioxidants does not increase the breakdown voltage of aged paper, these additives slow down the ageing process. This results in an increase in tensile strength of the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]