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The long fascination antiferromagnetic materials have exerted on the scientific community over about a century has been entirely renewed recently with the discovery of several unexpected phenomena including various classes of anomalous spin and charge Hall effects and unconventional magnonic transport, but also homochiral magnetic entities such as skyrmions. With these breakthroughs, antiferromagnets standout as a rich playground for the investigation of novel topological behaviors, and as promising candidate materials for disruptive low-power microelectronic applications. Remarkably, the newly discovered phenomena are all related to the topology of the magnetic, electronic or magnonic ground state of the antiferromagnets. This review exposes how non-trivial topology emerges at different levels in antiferromagnets and explores the novel mechanisms that have been discovered recently. We also discuss how novel classes of quantum magnets could enrich the currently expanding field of antiferromagnetic spintronics and how spin transport can in turn favor a better understanding of exotic quantum excitations., Comment: 77 pages, 47 figures

International audience

Previous primate social network studies largely limited their focus to grooming and/or aggression networks, particularly among adult females. In addition, the consistency of individuals' network centrality across time and/or different networks has received little attention, despite this being critical for a global understanding of dynamic social structure. Here, we analyzed the grooming, aggression, and play social networks of a group of 26-28 wild vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus pygerythrus), including adults and juveniles, over two periods of 6 months. We collected data on grooming, play, and aggression using focal animal sampling with instantaneous recording and ad libitum sampling. We examined whether individuals' network centralities were consistent over the two periods and across networks, as well as the effect of age, sex, and dominance rank on three individual centrality metrics in each network and within each study period. We found that individuals were quite consistent in their network position from 1 year to the next despite changes in group composition. However, their network centralities were not correlated across networks, except for Strength and weighted Eigenvector centrality between grooming and aggression networks. We also found that in the aggression network, high-rankers showed the highest centrality in most network metrics (e.g., Degree, Strength, and Eigenvector centrality) and compared to males, females were most central in 2017 but not in 2018. In the grooming network, high-ranking females had the highest Eigenvector centrality, whereas in the play network, juvenile males had the highest Eigenvector centrality. Our findings corroborate previous findings on vervet monkeys. In addition, they show that individuals' network centralities may vary among networks and over time; thus highlighting the effect of sociodemographics and behaviors' functions on the group level dynamics of social behavior.

International audience; This paper focuses on first year university engineering students and their sensemaking of integration and its symbolism. Through a semiotic approach, attention is given to two students and their attempt to verbally express their reflections on integration and the related meaning of symbols. Findings suggest that students tend to interpret the symbols mainly as operations, in terms of calculations to be carried out. They express uncertainty concerning what the symbols stand for, and the mathematical objects they represent. For example, the symbols ∫ and are respectively conceived of as “finding the integral with respect to x” and students are unclear on how Riemann sums connect to integration as a concept.

Part 1: E-Government Foundations; International audience; Across the world, e-government strategies are developed for the effective digitalization of the public sector. They offer governments a framework for dealing with challenges such as technical and legal interoperability and collaboration between public and private sector stakeholders, and for promoting a future vision for a digital public sector. Since e-government strategies are policy document and, thus, likely to convey biased perspectives, analyses of these strategies can yield insights into these biases and different perspectives on public sector digitalization. Until now, there has been no widely recognized framework for systematically analyzing e-government strategies. Based on literature and by applying our findings to the Danish and German e-government strategies, we have developed a novel analytical framework for comprehensively analyzing and comparing national e-government strategies. The framework focuses on the strategies’ role, their function, and their specific content, such as strategic goals and measures to implement e-government. Analyzing and comparing both countries as a proof of concept shows fundamental differences in the level of digitalization and the implementation of e-government. This article contributes to both research and practice by presenting a comprehensive framework for analyzing national e-government strategies and by discussing their context-sensitivity.

A typical practice in air quality modeling assessment is the intercomparison between different dispersion models results and air quality measurements at different atmospheric conditions. In this study, a comparison between the results of two Lagrangian dispersion models, the Lagrangian Particle Dispersion Model FLEXPART and the Lagrangian Puff Model CALPUFF (regulatory model), coupled to the same meteorological fields produced by the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, was done. As a case study, atmospheric dispersion of anthropogenic nitrogen oxides (NO x ) emissions (considered as a passive tracer) was considered, during a typical case of severe pollution over the densely populated area of the Guadeloupe archipelago (West French Indies), including complex terrain and, of course, coastal influence. Even though Lagrangian models usually provide better results of plume dispersion under strong winds, in this case study weak trade winds are dominant, in order to check both models under non-ideal atmospheric conditions. As a result, compared to NO x ground level concentration (glc) observations, FLEXPART shows better agreement than CALPUFF. However, as a regulatory model, CALPUFF overestimates both glc observations and FLEXPART maximum NO x glc results, with higher values when a higher horizontal resolution is applied. Also, differences between models results arise in the spatial distribution of NO x over a 1 × 1 km 2 horizontal resolution grid domain, showing quite homogenous isopleths with smooth contours for CALPUFF vs. fragmented isopleths with irregular contours for FLEXPART.

Part 6: ICT and Education; International audience; During the years there has been an increasing number of one-to-one programs around the world. In such programs all students are equipped with portable devices, such as laptops, tablets, smartphones for learning purposes. Even if these initiatives are increasing, our knowledge of the impact of such digital transformation of education is still little studied. Based on data from a three years longitudinal study on a large-scale implementation of Chromebooks in a municipality, this paper highlights teachers’ experiences. Key findings suggest that this initiative has been successful when it comes to the administrative and technical implementation of the Chromebooks, but there is still a way to go to transform pedagogical practices to enhance student-active learning supported by the Chromebooks.

Part 2: Fourth Industrial Revolution; International audience; There is a growing emphasis on digitalization in research and business practice. The rapid progress in digital technologies compel firms to innovate and transform their businesses. One way to improve the capacity to innovate and transform is to cooperate with others. However, there is a general lack of research on how co-creation among businesses can facilitate digitalization. This qualitative study explores how co-creation among businesses can stimulate and facilitate digitalization.We have investigated co-creation activities involving companies in business clusters. This paper reports from a study of three business clusters in Norway. We conducted an inductive qualitative study comprising semi-structured interviews as the primary empirical data source. 12 interviews were carried out with informants from three clusters. We found that the co-creation arenas and activities in the business clusters stimulate and facilitate digitalization among the cluster companies. We also addressed the most significant drivers and barriers to co-creation to get a deeper understanding of the co-creation phenomenon.

Part 2: Fourth Industrial Revolution; International audience; This paper explores an overly optimistic and tenacious claim in the literature that robotic process automation (RPA) will only free knowledge workers from mundane tasks and introduce more interesting work. We explore this claim and other consequences for knowledge workers using data from a sequential quantitative-qualitative, mixed-method study in Norway. 88 RPA users from different sectors and industries where first surveyed to identify differences in utilization and effects from RPA. Then, differences were explored in 24 in-depth interviews in the public and private sectors, including financial industry, manufacturing, and oil and gas. Results indicate that RPA is used to either layoff or not reemploy knowledge workers, but also to empower knowledge workers with more interesting tasks. Private sector was different from public sector in that private, financial companies have experienced the strongest reduction in the need for employment. RPA often lead to layoffs indirectly, and to reduced need for consultants, especially in financial companies. In contrast, public companies use RPA more for innovations in their service production from increased quality in data registration, handling of invoices, and data migration between systems. We conclude that RPA is maturing as a management tool motivated by cost reductions from reduced employment, and we suggest propositions for further research.

International audience; Haptic technology for human augmentation provides gains in ability for different applications, whether the aim is to enhance "disabilities" to "abilities", or "abilities" to "super-abilities". Commercially-available devices are generally expensive and tailored to specific applications and hardware. To give researchers a haptic feedback system that is economical, customisable, and fast to fabricate, our group developed a low-cost immersive haptic, audio, and visual experience built by using off-the-shelf (COTS) components. It is composed of a vibrotactile glove, a Leap Motion sensor, and an head-mounted display, integrated together to provide compelling immersive sensations. This paper proposes a higher technology readiness level (TRL) for the system to make it modular and reliable. To demonstrate its potential, we present two human subject studies in Virtual Reality. They evaluate the capability of the system in providing (i) guidance during simulated drone operations, and (ii) contact haptic feedback during virtual objects interaction. Results prove that the proposed haptic-enabled framework improves the performance and illusion of presence.

International audience; Book Front Matter of LNCS 12220

International audience; The computer-based assessment system Numbas offers new learning possibilities in mathematics education by means of formative feedback. The paper proposes a theoretical framework that captures the affordances emerging from students' interactions with Numbas at the technological, mathematical, and assessment level. The aim of the paper is to explore the affordances that arise from these levels using the theoretical framework as a lens. Based on the results, preliminary conclusions and recommendations for future work are proposed.

How animals interact and develop social relationships regarding, individual attributes, sociodemographic and ecological pressures is of great interest. New methodologies, in particular Social Network Analysis, allow us to elucidate these types of questions. However, the different methodologies developed to that end and the speed at which they emerge make their use difficult. Moreover, the lack of communication between the different software developed to provide an answer to the same/different research questions is a source of confusion. The R package Animal Network Toolkit (ANT) was developed with the aim of implementing in one package the many different social network analysis techniques currently used in the study of animal social networks. Hence, ANT is a toolkit for animal research allowing among other things to: 1) measure global, dyadic and nodal networks metrics; 2) perform data randomization: pre-network and network (node and link) permutations; 3) perform statistical permutation tests. The package is partially coded in C++ for an optimal coding speed, and it gives researchers a workflow from raw data to the achievement of statistical analyses, allowing for a multilevel approach: from individual position and role within the network, to the identification of interaction patterns, and the analysis of the overall network properties.

International audience; This study aims at validating an attitude subscale of a national mathematics test that has been repeatedly used for over two decades and to expose the relations between students' attitude towards mathematics and their approaches to learning mathematics. A sample of 196 year-one engineering students completed two survey instruments used for the study. Using a structural equation modelling approach, empirical evidence of construct validity, discriminant validity and reliability were found for the attitude subscale. Further, it was also found that students' attitude towards mathematics had a substantial positive impact on deep approaches to learning and a substantial negative impact on surface approaches to learning. These findings could be of help to university teachers and other stakeholders in designing appropriate interventions to support the students.

International audience; In social species, network centralities of group members shape social transmission and other social phenomena. Different factors have been found to influence the measurement of social networks, such as data collection and observation methods. In this study, we collected data on adults and juveniles and examined the effect of data collection method (ad libitum sampling vs. focal animal sampling) and observation method (interaction—grooming; play—vs. association—arm‐length; 2 m; 5 m proximities—) on social networks in wild vervet monkeys. First, we showed using a bootstrapping method, that uncertainty of ad libitum grooming and play matrices were lesser than uncertainty of focal matrices. Nevertheless, grooming and play networks constructed from ad libitum and focal animal sampling were very similar and highly correlated. We improved the certainty of both grooming and play networks by pooling focal and ad libitum matrices. Second, we reported a high correlation between the proximity arm‐length network and the focal grooming one making an arm‐length proximity network a reasonable proxy for a grooming one in vervet monkeys. However, we did not find such a correlation between proximity networks and the play one. Studying the effects of methodological issues as data collection and observation methods can help improve understanding of what shapes social networks and which data collection method to choose to study sociality.

International audience; The present study explores engineering students' mathematical problem posing competencies in relation to integral calculus, and their attitudes towards mathematical problem posing. The sample comprised of 135 undergraduate engineering students from a public university in Iran. Students' problem posing competencies were explored using a test including eight problem posing tasks related to the fundamental theorem of calculus and integral-area relationships. Furthermore, students completed a questionnaire that explored their attitudes towards mathematical problem posing. Nine students also participated in a semi-structured interview. The findings show that many students could improve their problem posing abilities further, and around 60 percent of students had positive attitudes towards mathematical problem posing activities.

Part 8: Digital Divide and Social Inclusion; International audience; Autism, also known as autism spectrum disorder (ASD), is an incurable brain-based disorder that refers to a wide range of complex neurodevelopment disorders characterised by marked difficulties in communication and social skills, repetitive behaviour, highly focused interests and sensory sensitivity. Autism can present challenges for affected people at the work environment and in everyday life. The barrier for individuals with ASD increases further with changing environmental situations. Individuals with ASD have limited abilities to isolate their Five senses and often experience over- or under-sensitivity to sounds, touch, tastes, smells, light, colours or temperatures. In this perspective, individuals with autism may experience extraordinary challenges during a regular day for most people, especially in non-conductive crowded environments like workplaces.This work presents a survey of the state-of-the-art implementation as well as research challenges of assisting technology for people with ASD in the workplace and in everyday life. An overview of relevant key technologies and methods is outlined by focusing both on the therapeutic perspective as well as on the technological viewpoint. The aim of this paper is to provide a better understanding of the design challenges and to identify important research directions in this increasingly important area.

Part 11: Modelling and Managing the Digital Enterprise; International audience; This qualitative study focuses on how small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) can realize benefits and create information technology (IT) value by investing in cloud enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems. We interviewed 19 respondents from cloud providers and cloud clients and found that their SMEs experienced both benefits and challenges when implementing cloud ERP systems. The digital value was obtained through work process automatization, fast updates of system functionalities, enhanced security of data storage, and increased access to critical business data from multiple digital units. Challenges in realizing these benefits related to organizational compliance with standard solutions and the need for organizational changes for employees to optimize system usage. The SMEs preferred an informal process for realizing benefits and creating digital value from the system. In contrast, the providers wanted to integrate benefits realization as part of their formal implementation methodology. Based on frameworks identified in the literature, we integrate a benefits realization model with an information systems value model to understand how SMEs realize benefits and create business value from cloud ERP systems. We contribute to the SME literature and explain the value creation process for SMEs implementing cloud ERP systems.

Part 2: E-Government Services and Open Government; International audience; In spite of massive investment and increased adoption of digital services, citizens continue to use traditional channels to interact with public organizations. The channel choice (CC) field of research tries to understand citizens’ interactions with public authorities to make the interaction more efficient and increase citizen satisfaction. However, most studies have been conducted either as surveys of hypothetical services or in experimental settings, leading to a lack of empirical data from actual use contexts. Therefore, we present the results of a sequential mixed methods study which combines observations of citizen-caseworker interaction in a call center, contextual interviews with callers, and a survey classifying topics from 10,000 telephone calls. We contribute to the CC field and practice with rich empirical data from studies of actual channel choices. Specifically, the study explores the multiplex nature of real-life CC and demonstrate how telephone calls can be part of a process, which occurs across both traditional and digital channels. Moreover, we identify problems, which cause telephone calls related to digital services, and classify these in two groups: information related problems and action related problems.

Traditional Learning Automata (LA) work with the understanding that the actions are chosen purely based on the “state” in which the machine is. This modus operandus completely ignores any estimation of the Random Environment’s (RE’s) (specified as \(\mathbb {E}\)) reward/penalty probabilities. To take these into consideration, Estimator/Pursuit LA utilize “cheap” estimates of the Environment’s reward probabilities to make them converge by an order of magnitude faster. This concept is quite simply the following: Inexpensive estimates of the reward probabilities can be used to rank the actions. Thereafter, when the action probability vector has to be updated, it is done not on the basis of the Environment’s response alone, but also based on the ranking of these estimates. While this phenomenon has been utilized in the field of LA, until recently, it has not been incorporated into solutions that solve partitioning problems. In this paper (The second author gratefully acknowledges the partial support of NSERC, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Council of Canada), we will submit a complete survey of how the “Pursuit” learning paradigm can be and has been used in Object Partitioning. The results demonstrate that incorporating this paradigm can hasten the partitioning by a order of magnitude.

International audience

International audience; In this study we investigate the mathematical discourse in a kindergarten. The mathematical learning activity engaged with was initially designed by researchers for 5-year-olds, and the kindergarten teacher orchestrated the mathematical activity. Observational data was quantitatively analysed by measuring how time and talk were distributed between the kindergarten teacher and the children. We also analysed whether the talk was focused on mathematics or not. Our analysis shows that the time elapsed during the activity was distributed unequally, the nature of the participants’ utterances shared both similarities and differences, while the engagement nurtured upon the kindergarten teacher’s request varied from each of the requests. Based on these results we characterise the mathematical discourse and hypothesise about the children’s potentials for mathematics learning.

International audience; In this paper, we investigate the mathematical discourse of undergraduate biology students when working on biology tasks. Our data consists of students’ and the lecturer’s discussion when working on two tasks in an Evolutionary Biology course. In our analysis we make use of the commognitive framework and focus on the use of mathematical routines. We observed that although the overall aim of students’ engagement with routines was exploratory, the way they engaged with mathematical routines when working on biology tasks was ritualized. However, students were aware of the need of using construction routines when trying to mathematize a biological phenomenon although the lack of familiarity with relevant construction routines constrained their ability to deal with certain task situations.

International audience

International audience; This paper discusses theoretical and methodological considerations which have emerged from reviewing the literature related to my PhD research project which adopts an interactional perspective on the development of the argumentation process in primary school mathematics. This led me to distinguish the factors involved in mathematics classroom interaction during the development of the argumentation process, as well as to examine the possible relations and interrelations of these factors. The outcome of this process was, first, to clarify theoretical aspects and, second, to create a preliminary model, called the “Mathematics Classroom Interactional Model” (MCIM), positing two levels of classroom interaction and the possible relations within each of them and between them

International audience; Researchers in the social sciences are increasingly using modelling and simulation (M&S) as a research approach. They create virtual worlds to discover relations across variables, and to test theories and potential policies. We introduced this research approach to students in the department of Development Studies at our university. The goal was to investigate the way in which such students can gain meta-knowledge about M&S-based research, that is, general knowledge about its nature and rationale. We organized a seminar to introduce the research approach and illustrated it with a simulation of the behaviour of agents with varying levels of tolerance towards their out-group neighbours (based on Schelling’s segregation model). We analysed students’ interactions through a socio-cultural lens. Students were able to gain meta-knowledge about M&S-based research, which they judged as useful for their future as professionals when working on development projects.

International audience; This chapter introduces the chapter of the book, in situating it in a trajectory of two researchers.

International audience; The task of eliciting student talk in mathematics teaching can be daunting for teachers. An approach to this is using student work actively in teaching. In this paper, the teacher moves in a lower secondary full class discussion regarding similar triangles is investigated. The results show that the teacher utilised different teacher moves to steer the discussion towards both didactical and mathematical goals.

International audience; This paper reports on a project, which explores the relevance of mathematics to students in an Ethiopian school. The data collection, which involved group interviews, was undertaken in 2010-2011. The analysis process identified themes that captured diverse perceptions of relevance and students’ identities. The focus of this paper is on diverse aspects of students’ identities and their relationship with students’ perceptions of the relevance of mathematics. The analytic framework is cultural historical activity theory. The results indicate that the students’ perceptions of relevance and identity are dialectically related.

International audience; The efficient and effective response to disasters critically depends on humanitarian supply chains (HSCs). HSCs need to be flexible to adapt to uncertainties in needs, infrastructure conditions, and behavior of other organizations. The concept of ‘network flexibility’ is, however, not clearly defined. The lack of an unanimous definition has led to a lack of consistent understanding and comparisons. This paper makes a threefold contribution: first, it defines the concept of network flexibility for HSC in the context of sudden onset disasters. Second, it proposes a framework to measure network flexibility in HSCs. Third, we apply our framework to the 2015 Nepal earthquake case and provide evidence-based insights regarding how humanitarian organizations can improve network flexibility in HSCs. Our analyses for Nepal case show that delivery, IT support, and fleet criteria have the most influence on flexibility. Also, the application of our framework on the downstream network of nine humanitarian organizations shows low levels of network flexibility in all but one. This finding explains why several disruptions happened in relief distributions during the Nepal response.

International audience; The efficient and effective response to disasters critically depends on humanitarian supply chains (HSCs). HSCs need to be flexible to adapt to uncertainties in needs, infrastructure conditions, and behavior of other organizations. The concept of ‘network flexibility’ is, however, not clearly defined. The lack of an unanimous definition has led to a lack of consistent understanding and comparisons. This paper makes a threefold contribution: first, it defines the concept of network flexibility for HSC in the context of sudden onset disasters. Second, it proposes a framework to measure network flexibility in HSCs. Third, we apply our framework to the 2015 Nepal earthquake case and provide evidence-based insights regarding how humanitarian organizations can improve network flexibility in HSCs. Our analyses for Nepal case show that delivery, IT support, and fleet criteria have the most influence on flexibility. Also, the application of our framework on the downstream network of nine humanitarian organizations shows low levels of network flexibility in all but one. This finding explains why several disruptions happened in relief distributions during the Nepal response.

International audience; Book Front Matter of LNCS 11701

International audience; This paper reports on a multiple-case study which focuses on four kindergarten teachers’ orchestration of mathematical learning activities with respect to the degree of freedom, and what impact their orchestration has for children’s mathematical learning possibilities. The study draws on Valsiner’s (1987) zone theory to investigate the relationship between zone of free movement (ZFM) and zone of promoted action (ZPA) which the kindergarten teachers set up to canalise children’s actions and thinking and thus development. The results show that in the kindergarten where the ZFM is gently set up and limited to mathematics, and where the kindergarten teacher sensitively sets up the ZPA and promotes children to share, argue for and explain their mathematical ideas, and explicitly promotes the children to collaborate, is where most problem-solving interaction occur and thus facilitate children’s learning possibilities the most.

International audience; The Humanitarian Supply Chain(HSC) is key to successful relief operations. Today, HSC managers faces many challenges: (1) the increasing gap between funding and appeals; (2) donors ask for more transparency and accountability; (3) the growing pressure to switch to sustainable development. To maintain a competitive position (order winner) in the near future, considering sustainability becomes a fundamental addition to the established effectiveness and efficiency measures. In literature, the lack of Decision Support Systems for planning and achieving of sustainability objectives is described as barrier to sustainable humanitarian operations. We propose a sustainability maturity assessment method to improve the sustainability of HSC operations. Using the information gathered from field research with the IFRC as well as from the literature a proof of concept is presented to demonstrate the relevance of the proposal.

International audience; In this paper, a developmental research project involving offering mathematical modelling (MM) activities to university biology students is presented, and a particular aspect is studied, namely the project as a collaboration between mathematicians and mathematics educators. The aim of the paper is to investigate what characterizes their participation in the project, and how the characteristics of the project and its development might influence this participation. Interview data as well as observation data from the MM sessions are analysed, and findings show that the mathematics educator served as a broker influencing the practice of the mathematician. It is hoped that the findings of the study can be of use when planning future collaboration between mathematicians and mathematics educators.

International audience; Development in Biology over the last three decades have greatly increased the need for using mathematics in this field. This has influenced biology students which need to develop mathematical knowledge to be able to work with contemporary biology models, including frameworks that are applicable in analyzing the overwhelming flow of biological data (i.e. Labov, Reid & Yamamoto, 2010). Although a quantitative approach is often used in university biology courses, yet they remain largely qualitative and descriptive (Nelson, et. al., 2009). In Norwegian context, where this study will be conducted, there is an increased awareness towards mathematics from the Departments of Biology. However, there is a lack of information on students' understanding and usage of mathematics within this context. This poster addresses this issue with a particular focus on the use of mathematical models (MM) as dynamic tools that allows us to observe various aspects of students' understanding.

International audience; This poster explores role of the lecturer in a university level mathematics class utilizing the flipped classroom approach to teaching. The role of the lecturer is investigated using the Systematic Classroom Analysis Notation (SCAN) tool and the theoretical framework of instrumental orchestration.

International audience; The research presented in this poster addresses the poor performance of many economics students in their first mathematics course at university level. Two different universities are involved in the research, trying to answer the question of “how to structure teaching in mathematics to economics students at university level to strengthen their mathematical competences?”

International audience; Very little research has been done on how students use resources when studying mathematics. My project aim to examine this both quantitatively and qualitatively. The qualitative data collection includes hierarchical focus interviews and schematic representation of resource system, with the intent to impose as little terminology as possible on the students.

International audience; This study explores engineering students' interactions with different resources in an online learning environment. The constituent resources of this environment involve MyMathLab which is an online interactive system for practicing mathematics, the tutorial videos, and the textbook. We conducted a qualitative case study to observe a small group of undergraduate engineering students interacting with the resources in a Calculus course. Employing the documentational approach to didactics, we identified several techniques while participants used resources to practice mathematics in MyMathLab environment. We discuss the pragmatic and epistemic value of the identified techniques, and observe that most techniques adopted by the participants to work in a digital environment were implemented due to their pragmatic contribution.

International audience; In this study, the learning encouraged by teaching activities in a small-group setting was investigated through the analysis of students' responses to survey and interview questions. The results indicate that the students perceived an increased ability to communicate mathematics in written form, but to a lesser extent developed their ability to discuss mathematics and build conceptual understanding.

International audience; The advent of Flipped Classroom as a framework for organizing the teaching and learning of mathematics has the potential to revitalize the attention to tasks as a vehicle for meaningful learning in tertiary education. Flipped Classroom is based on the idea of student active learning under close guidance of the university teacher. Due to the possibility to engage the students in meaningful discovery of how mathematics can relate to real-life situations during in-class sessions, the tasks are seen to have a central role in a successful implementation of Flipped Classrooms. This paper explores the realistic mathematics education (RME) as a theoretical framework for task design and analysis in the context of in-class flipped engineering mathematics classrooms, and I seek evidence of knowledge construction through analysing students' work on modelling the height of a rider in a double Ferris wheel.

International audience; Hybrid clouds are increasingly used to outsource non-critical applications to public clouds. However, the main challenge within such environments, is to ensure a cost-efficient distribution of the systems between the resources that are on/off premises. For Multi Agent Systems (MAS), this challenge is deepened due to irregular workload progress and intensive communication between the agents, which may result in high computing and data transfer costs. Thus, in this paper we propose a generic framework for adaptive cost-efficient deployment of MAS with a special focus on hybrid clouds. The framework is based mainly on the use of a performance evaluation process that consists of simulating various partitioning options to estimate and optimize the overall deployment costs. Further, to cope with the irregular workload changes within a MAS and dynamically adapt its initial deployment, we propose an extended version of the Fiduccia-Mattheyses algorithm (E-FM). The experimental results highlight the efficiency of E-FM and show that an efficient MAS deployment to hybrid clouds depends on various factors such as the cloud providers and their different cost-models, the network state, the used partitioning algorithm, and the initial deployment.

International audience; Ionic-liquid-based acidic aqueous biphasic systems (IL-based AcABS) represent a promising alternative to the solvent extraction process for the recovery of critical metals, in which the substitution of the inorganic salt by an acid allows for a ‘one-pot’ approach to the leaching and separation of metals. However, a more fundamental understanding of AcABS formation remains wanting. In this work, the formation mechanisms of AcABS are elucidated through a comparison with traditional aqueous biphasic systems (ABS). A large screening of AcABS formation with a wide range of IL identifies the charge shielding of the cation as the primary structural driver for the applicability of an IL in AcABS. Through a systematic study of tributyltetradecylphosphonium chloride ([P44414]Cl) with various chloride salts and acids, we observed the first significant deviation to the cationic Hofmeister series reported for IL-basedABS. Furthermore, the weaker than expected salting-out ability of H3O+compared to Na+is attributed to the greater interaction of H3O+with the [P44414]+micelle surface. Finally, the remarkable thermomorphic properties of [P44414]Cl based systems are investigated with a significant increase in the biphasic region induced by the increase in the temperature from 298 K to 323 K. These finding allows for the extension of ABS to new acidic systems and highlights their versatility and tunability.

Individual-based computer models show that different mechanisms, proximity-based or emotional bookkeeping, can lead to reciprocation. By comparing social networks from different computer models with those of empirical data, we show that the models’ social networks bear limited resemblance with some features of the observed social networks. This indicates that additional social processes (third-party awareness) may be needed in these models to represent more accurately the social behavior and interaction patterns observed in group-living animals.

International audience

International audience; Drawing from the experience of writing a book with a research mathematician (*), the lecture will highlight the variability of tool use for achieving a mathematical task, depending on the user and on the finality of the activity encompassing this task. This reflection will lead to evidence some conditions for a fruitful use of tools in the context of doing/learning/teaching mathematics.(*) Monaghan, J., Trouche, L., & Borwein, J. (2016). Tools and mathematics, instruments for learning. Springer

Part 14: Current Issues; International audience; This study aims at unveiling strategies based on the patterned use of social media by politicians. Using an interpretive case study involving Indonesian politicians from national, provincial, and district level parliaments, the study identifies four strategies: nominal, instrumental, manipulative, and genuine. The selected strategy is reflected by internal and external affordances of social media perceived by the politicians, and influenced by a variety of constraints. These include poor Internet connection, limited capabilities of politicians, low ICT literacy among constituents, security issues, personal attack, unsupportive regulation, and fake accounts.

Part 4: Social Mechanisms of ICT-Enabled Development; International audience; The ontological questions ‘What is ICT?’ and ‘What is development?’ are described and documented in literature. Similarly, methodological approaches for understanding how ICT leads to development or for measuring the impact of ICT are described. However, explaining ‘why’ ICT works or not in the contexts of developing countries needs further investigation. We propose a critical realism based methodological approach for answering the above mentioned ‘why’-question. The core of a critical realism based approach is to identify the underlying mechanism(s) that may explain a phenomenon of why ICT leads to development. We demonstrate the proposed methodology through applying it on a case in an ICT4D context from Nepal.

International audience; Based on a pilot study, this paper reflects upon how the industry, university and school can work together to facilitate learning of mathematics. Through a project called MathEUS (Mathematics at the Enterprise, University and School) a modern energy recovery enterprise, Returkraft, the University of Agder and a school collaborated to offer pupils (in 8 th and 9 th grade) an opportunity to engage with mathematics contextualized at an enterprise. Through comparing the 2015 edition with our redesign in 2016, we discuss the outcome of the project. In particular, we focus on the factors necessary for such a project to succeed. Findings suggest that mathematics contextualized at an enterprise as an isolated event has limited value. Further, findings seem to indicate that working together with the enterprise over time, by including a pre-project, strengthens pupils' experience of mathematics as a relevant subject.