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1. Advances in the use of neural network for solving the direct kinematics of CDPR with sagging cables

Author

Merlet, Jean-Pierre, HExapode, PHysiologie, AssISTance et Objets de Service (HEPHAISTOS), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), ANR-19-P3IA-0002,3IA@cote d'azur,3IA Côte d'Azur(2019), and ANR-18-CE10-0004,CRAFT,Robots Parallèles à Câbles pour des Opérations Industrielles Agiles(2018)

Subjects
direct kinematics, cable-driven parallel robot, [INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO], neural networks, [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI]
Abstract

International audience; Direct kinematics (DK) is one of the most challenging problem for cable-driven parallel robot (CDPR) with sagging cables. Solving the DK in real-time is not an issue provided that a guess of the solution is available. But difficulties arise when all DK solutions have to be determined (e.g. in the design phase of the CDPR). Continuation and interval analysis have been proposed to find the solutions but they are computer intensive. A preliminary investigation on the use of classical neural networks (NN) for the DK has shown that they were performing poorly. We present in this paper several methodological improvements that allows to get on average 99.95% of the exact DK solutions in about 5 seconds. Still this result is not completely satisfactory and we present possible axis to obtain better results in terms of exact results and multiple solutions.

Published
2023

2. Direct Kinematic Singularities and Stability Analysis of Sagging Cable-driven Parallel Robots

Author

Sébastien Briot, Jean-Pierre Merlet, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences du Numérique de Nantes (LS2N), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Centrale de Nantes (Nantes Univ - ECN), Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes université - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (Nantes univ - UFR ST), Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Autonomie des Robots et Maîtrise des interactions avec l’ENvironnement (LS2N - équipe ARMEN), Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), HExapode, PHysiologie, AssISTance et Objets de Service (HEPHAISTOS), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), and Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)

Subjects
Control and Systems Engineering, [INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO], Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Computer Science Applications
Abstract

International audience; Sagging cable-driven parallel robots (CDPRs) are often modeled by using the Irvine's model. We will show that their configurations may be unstable, and moreover, that assessing the stability of the robot with the Irvine's model cannot be done by checking the spectrum of a stiffness matrix associated with the platform motions. In this article, we show that the static configurations of the sagging CDPRs are local extrema of the functional describing the robot potential energy. For assessing the stability, it is then necessary to check two conditions: The Legendre–Clebsch and the Jacobi conditions, both well known in optimal control theory. We will also 1) prove that there is a link between some singularities of the CDPRs and the limits of stability and 2) show that singularities of the platform wrench system are not singularities of the geometric model of the sagging CDPRs, contrary to what happens in rigid-link parallel robotics. The stability prediction results are validated in simulation by cross-validating them by using a lumped model, for which the stability can be assessed by analyzing the spectrum of a reduced Hessian matrix of the potential energy.

Published
2023

3. Uniform $C^{1,\alpha}$-regularity for almost-minimizers of some nonlocal perturbations of the perimeter

Author

Goldman, Michael, Merlet, Benoît, Pegon, Marc, Centre de Mathématiques Appliquées - Ecole Polytechnique (CMAP), École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Polytechnique de Paris (IP Paris), Reliable numerical approximations of dissipative systems (RAPSODI ), Laboratoire Paul Painlevé (LPP), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), M. Goldman was partially supported by the ANR grant SHAPO. B. Merlet and M. Pegon are partially supported by the Labex CEMPI (ANR-11-LABX-0007-01)., ANR-11-LABX-0007,CEMPI,Centre Européen pour les Mathématiques, la Physique et leurs Interactions(2011), ANR-18-CE40-0013,SHAPO,Optimisation de forme(2018), Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions (LJLL (UMR_7598)), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), and Laboratoire Paul Painlevé - UMR 8524 (LPP)

Subjects
nonlocal perimeters, Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, geometric variational problems, regularity, liquid drop model, [MATH.MATH-MP]Mathematics [math]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph], 28A75, 49Q05, 49Q10, 49Q20, [MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP], nonlocal isoperimetric problems, [MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], Mathematics - Optimization and Control, Mathematical Physics
Abstract

In this paper, we establish a $C^{1,\alpha}$-regularity theorem for almost-minimizers of a functional $\mathcal{F}_{\varepsilon,\gamma}=P-\gamma P_{\varepsilon}$, where $\gamma\in (0,1)$ and $P_{\varepsilon}$ is a nonlocal energy converging to the perimeter as $\varepsilon$ vanishes. Our theorem provides a criterion for $C^{1,\alpha}$-regularity at a point of the boundary, which is uniform as the parameter $\varepsilon$ goes to $0$. Building upon previous work by the last two authors, as an application of this theorem we obtain that volume-constrained global minimizers of $\mathcal{F}_{\varepsilon,\gamma}$ are balls for any $\varepsilon$ small enough. For small $\varepsilon$, this minimization problem corresponds to the large mass regime for a Gamow-type problem where the nonlocal repulsive term is given by an integrable kernel $G$ with sufficiently fast decay at infinity.

Published
2022

4. Age and spatio-temporal variations in food resources modulate stress-immunity relationships in three populations of wild roe deer

Author

Jeffrey Carbillet, Marine Hollain, Benjamin Rey, Rupert Palme, Maryline Pellerin, Corinne Regis, Anne Geffré, Jeanne Duhayer, Sylvia Pardonnet, François Debias, Joël Merlet, Jean-François Lemaître, Hélène Verheyden, Emmanuelle Gilot-Fromont, Unité de recherche Comportement et Ecologie de la Faune Sauvage (CEFS), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), LTSER ZA PYRenees GARonne, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences [Tartu], University of Tartu, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Office français de la biodiversité (OFB), University of Veterinary Medicine [Vienna] (Vetmeduni), Centre Régional d'Exploration Fonctionnelle et Ressources Expérimentales (CREFRE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), The study was funded by INRAE, VetAgro Sup and ONCFS/OFB, ANR-11-LABX-0048,ECOFECT,Dynamiques eco-évolutives des maladies infectieuses(2011), ANR-11-IDEX-0007,Avenir L.S.E.,PROJET AVENIR LYON SAINT-ETIENNE(2011), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), SEGUIN, Nathalie, Dynamiques eco-évolutives des maladies infectieuses - - ECOFECT2011 - ANR-11-LABX-0048 - LABX - VALID, and PROJET AVENIR LYON SAINT-ETIENNE - - Avenir L.S.E.2011 - ANR-11-IDEX-0007 - IDEX - VALID

Subjects
Innate immunity, [SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Hydrocortisone, Deer, Ecophysiology, Stress hormones, Adaptive immunity, Animals, Wild, Trade-off, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, [SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Endocrinology, [SDV.BA.ZV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology, [SDV.GEN.GPO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Animals, Faecal glucocorticoid metabolites, [SDV.BA.ZV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology, Animal Science and Zoology, [INFO.INFO-MO] Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Glucocorticoids, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract

Living in variable and unpredictable environments, organisms face recurrent stressful situations. The endocrine stress response, which includes the secretion of glucocorticoids, helps organisms to cope with these perturbations. Although short-term elevations of glucocorticoid levels are often associated with immediate beneficial consequences for individuals, long-term glucocorticoid elevation can compromise key physiological functions such as immunity. While laboratory works highlighted the immunosuppressive effect of long-term elevated glucocorticoids, it remains largely unknown, especially in wild animals, whether this relationship is modulated by individual and environmental characteristics. In this study, we explored the co-variation between baseline cortisol levels, assessed non-invasively using faecal cortisol metabolites (FCMs), and 12 constitutive indices of innate, inflammatory, and adaptive immune functions, in wild roe deer living in three populations with contrasting environmental conditions. Using longitudinal data on 564 individuals, we further investigated whether age and spatio-temporal variations in the quantity and quality of food resources affect the relationship between FCMs and immunity. Negative covariation with glucocorticoids was evident only for innate and inflammatory markers of immunity, while adaptive immunity appeared to be positively or not linked to glucocorticoids. In addition, the negative covariations were generally exacerbated, or revealed, in individuals facing harsh environmental constraints and in old individuals. Therefore, our results highlight the importance of measuring multiple immune markers of immunity in individuals from contrasted environments to unravel the complex relationships between glucocorticoids and immunity in wild animals. Our results also help explain conflicting results found in the literature and could improve our understanding of the long-term consequences of elevated glucocorticoid levels on disease spread and population dynamics.

Published
2023

5. A deformation theorem for tensor flat chains and applications (complement to 'Tensor rectifiable G-flat chains')

Author

Goldman, Michael, Merlet, Benoît, Centre de Mathématiques Appliquées - Ecole Polytechnique (CMAP), École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Paul Painlevé (LPP), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Reliable numerical approximations of dissipative systems (RAPSODI ), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), INRIA RAPSODI, ANR-11-LABX-0007,CEMPI,Centre Européen pour les Mathématiques, la Physique et leurs Interactions(2011), and ANR-18-CE40-0013,SHAPO,Optimisation de forme(2018)

Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, FOS: Mathematics, [MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP], Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
Abstract

In this note we extend White's deformation theorem for G-flat chains to the setting of G-flat tensor chains. As a corollary we obtain that the groups of normal tensor chains identify with some subgroups of normal chains. Moreover the corresponding natural group isomorphisms are isometric with respect to norms based on the coordinate slicing mass. The coordinate slicing mass of a k-chain is the integral of the mass of its 0-slices along all coordinate-planes of codimension k. The fact that this quantity is equivalent to the usual mass is not straightforward. To prove it, we use the deformation theorem and a partial extension of the restriction operator defined for all chains (not only of finite mass). On the contrary, except in some limit or degenerate cases, the whole groups of tensor chains and of finite mass tensor chains do not identify naturally with subgroups of chains.

Published
2022

6. Analysis of a one dimensional energy dissipating free boundary model with nonlinear boundary conditions. Existence of global weak solutions

Author

Merlet, Benoît, Venel, Juliette, Zurek, Antoine, Laboratoire Paul Painlevé (LPP), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Reliable numerical approximations of dissipative systems (RAPSODI ), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Laboratoire de Mathématiques Appliquées de Compiègne (LMAC), and Université de Technologie de Compiègne (UTC)

Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, minimizing scheme, moving boundary problem, FOS: Mathematics, [MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP], Corrosion model, Analysis of PDEs (math.AP), existence analysis
Abstract

This work is part of a general study on the long-term safety of the geological repository of nuclear wastes. A diffusion equation with a moving boundary in one dimension is introduced and studied. The model describes some mechanisms involved in corrosion processes at the surface of carbon steel canisters in contact with a claystone formation. The main objective of the paper is to prove the existence of global weak solutions to the problem. For this, a semi-discrete in time minimizing movements scheme \`a la De Giorgi is introduced. First, the existence of solutions to the scheme is established and then, using a priori estimates, it is proved that as the time step goes to zero these solutions converge up to extraction towards a weak solution to the free boundary model.

Published
2022

7. A panorama of methods for dealing with sagging cables in cable-driven parallel robots

Author

Merlet, Jean-Pierre, Tissot, Romain, Merlet, Jean-Pierre, 3IA Côte d'Azur - - 3IA@cote d'azur2019 - ANR-19-P3IA-0002 - P3IA - VALID, Usine du futur : Homme, organisation, technologies - Robots Parallèles à Câbles pour des Opérations Industrielles Agiles - - CRAFT2018 - ANR-18-CE10-0004 - AAPG2018 - VALID, HExapode, PHysiologie, AssISTance et Objets de Service (HEPHAISTOS), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), partly ANR, ANR-19-P3IA-0002,3IA@cote d'azur,3IA Côte d'Azur(2019), and ANR-18-CE10-0004,CRAFT,Robots Parallèles à Câbles pour des Opérations Industrielles Agiles(2018)

Subjects
Computer Science::Robotics, cable-driven parallel robot, kinematics, [INFO.INFO-RB] Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO], [INFO.INFO-NE] Computer Science [cs]/Neural and Evolutionary Computing [cs.NE], [INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO], [INFO.INFO-NE]Computer Science [cs]/Neural and Evolutionary Computing [cs.NE], cable sagging
Abstract

International audience; We are considering cable-driven parallel robot (CDPR), where the legs of the robot are constituted of cables that can be independently coiled/uncoiled. We show that whatever the size of the CDPR is we may have slack cables so that using a sagging cable model that takes into account both the mass and elasticity of the cables will improve the positioning accuracy.Being able to solve the inverse and direct kinematics (IK/DK) with sagging cables is crucial for kinematic analysis while being quite complex as both IK/DK may have multiple solutions. We present a panorama of solving methods for the IK/DK with their advantages and drawbacks.

Published
2022

8. Mixing AI and deterministic methods for the design of a transfer system for frail people

Author

Merlet, Jean-Pierre, HExapode, PHysiologie, AssISTance et Objets de Service (HEPHAISTOS), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), ANR, ANR-19-P3IA-0002,3IA@cote d'azur,3IA Côte d'Azur(2019), ANR-18-CE10-0004,CRAFT,Robots Parallèles à Câbles pour des Opérations Industrielles Agiles(2018), Merlet, Jean-Pierre, 3IA Côte d'Azur - - 3IA@cote d'azur2019 - ANR-19-P3IA-0002 - P3IA - VALID, and Usine du futur : Homme, organisation, technologies - Robots Parallèles à Câbles pour des Opérations Industrielles Agiles - - CRAFT2018 - ANR-18-CE10-0004 - AAPG2018 - VALID

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-AI] Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], [INFO.INFO-RB] Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO], [INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI]
Abstract

International audience

Published
2021

9. Added value of high-resolution electrical source imaging of ictal activity in children with structural focal epilepsy

Author

Marie Le Roux, Gaëlle Milon-Harnois, Matthieu Delion, Matthieu Labriffe, Josselin Démas, Isabelle Merlet, Patrick Van Bogaert, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Laboratoire Angevin de Recherche en Ingénierie des Systèmes (LARIS), Université d'Angers (UA), Laboratoire Traitement du Signal et de l'Image (LTSI), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Jonchère, Laurent

Subjects
[SDV.IB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Neurology, Physiology (medical), [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Neurology (clinical), Sensory Systems
Abstract

International audience

Published
2022

10. Fault tolerant multi-sensor data fusion for autonomous navigation in future civil aviation operations

Author

S. Ifqir, C. Combastel, A. Zolghadri, G. Alcalay, P. Goupil, S. Merlet, Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Univ Bordeaux, IMS Lab, and Université de Bordeaux (UB)

Subjects
Computer Science::Multiagent Systems, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Control and Systems Engineering, Applied Mathematics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Computer Science Applications
Abstract

International audience; In this paper, group multiple lags consensus of fractional-order leader-following multi-agent systems with nonlinear dynamics are investigated, in which two kinds of lag consensus are considered. One is said to be outergroup lag consensus, which means that different group leaders reach lag consensus. The other one is called innergroup lag consensus, that is to say, the followers will reach lag consensus with their own group leader. Based on Mittag–Leffler stability for fractional-order systems, algebraic graph theory, a class of novel control protocols is designed and the corresponding sufficient conditions are derived to guarantee the achievement of group multiple lags consensus. Furthermore, considering parametric uncertainties, an adaptive control technology is employed to solve the group multiple lags consensus for fractional order multi-agent systems, and the corresponding adaptive control protocols and sufficient conditions are proposed. Finally, numerical simulations are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the obtained results.

Published
2022

11. Translating Molecules into Imaging—The Development of New PET Tracers for Patients with Melanoma

Author

Laetitia Vercellino, Dorine de Jong, Laurent Dercle, Benoit Hosten, Brian Braumuller, Jeeban Paul Das, Aileen Deng, Antoine Moya-Plana, Camry A’Keen, Randy Yeh, Pascal Merlet, Barouyr Baroudjian, Mary M. Salvatore, Kathleen M. Capaccione, Hopital Saint-Louis [AP-HP] (AP-HP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Marqueurs cardiovasculaires en situation de stress (MASCOT (UMR_S_942 / U942)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), Columbia University Medical Center (CUMC), Columbia University [New York], Optimisation thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie (OPTeN (UMR_S_1144 / U1144)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis - Hématologie Immunologie Oncologie (Département de recherche de l’UFR de médecine, ex- Institut Universitaire Hématologie-IUH) (IRSL), Novant Health Cancer Institute - Elizabeth [Charlotte, NC, USA] (NHCIE), Département de cancérologie cervico-faciale [Gustave Roussy] (CCF), Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Biomarqueurs prédictifs et nouvelles stratégies moléculaires en thérapeutique anticancéreuse (U981), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Memorial Sloane Kettering Cancer Center [New York], and leboeuf, Christophe

Subjects
[SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Clinical Biochemistry, PET imaging, melanoma, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, [SDV.MHEP.DERM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Dermatology, molecular targeting, [SDV.MHEP.DERM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Dermatology
Abstract

International audience; Melanoma is a deadly disease that often exhibits relentless progression and can have both early and late metastases. Recent advances in immunotherapy and targeted therapy have dramatically increased patient survival for patients with melanoma. Similar advances in molecular targeted PET imaging can identify molecular pathways that promote disease progression and therefore offer physiological information. Thus, they can be used to assess prognosis, tumor heterogeneity, and identify instances of treatment failure. Numerous agents tested preclinically and clinically demonstrate promising results with high tumor-to-background ratios in both primary and metastatic melanoma tumors. Here, we detail the development and testing of multiple molecular targeted PET-imaging agents, including agents for general oncological imaging and those specifically for PET imaging of melanoma. Of the numerous radiopharmaceuticals evaluated for this purpose, several have made it to clinical trials and showed promising results. Ultimately, these agents may become the standard of care for melanoma imaging if they are able to demonstrate micrometastatic disease and thus provide more accurate information for staging. Furthermore, these agents provide a more accurate way to monitor response to therapy. Patients will be able to receive treatment based on tumor uptake characteristics and may be able to be treated earlier for lesions that with traditional imaging would be subclinical, overall leading to improved outcomes for patients.

Published
2022

12. Validation d'un framework de dimensionnement de la tuyauterie des réseaux de chaleurs utilisant l'optimisation multiobjectifs

Author

Roland Baviere, Nicolas Vasset, Yannis Merlet, Département Technique Conversion et Hydrogène (DTCH), Laboratoire d'Innovation pour les Technologies des Energies Nouvelles et les nanomatériaux (LITEN), Institut National de L'Energie Solaire (INES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de L'Energie Solaire (INES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Merlet, Yannis, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de L'Energie Solaire (INES), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Mathematical optimization, [SPI.GCIV.CD]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Civil Engineering/Construction durable, Computer science, 020209 energy, Toy problem, Process (computing), district heating network, [SPI.GCIV.CD] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Civil Engineering/Construction durable, 02 engineering and technology, simulation, Multi-objective optimization, Sizing, TK1-9971, Set (abstract data type), General Energy, sizing, multi-objective optimization, Convergence (routing), Genetic algorithm, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [SPI.MECA.THER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Thermics [physics.class-ph], 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Investment cost, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, [SPI.MECA.THER] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Thermics [physics.class-ph]
Abstract

International audience; Sizing distribution equipment of a district heating (DH) network is a complex yet decisive process to target techno-economic optimality for these systems. This paper describes and validates a framework that uses multi-objective optimization to support decisions regarding the sizing of a DH network. A genetic algorithm (NSGA2) is employed to generate optimal pipe diameters with respect to the operational and investment cost. This framework is then validated using an elementary toy problem consisting of a straight horizontal two-tube network, with a set of identical consumers equally distributed in the network and supplied by a unique heat source. We show that the framework, on the aforementioned problem, reaches very good convergence and diversity for the optimal solutions. This sizing method is then compared to typical local sizing method. We demonstrate a significant decrease of global cost by 40% by using DH network system simulation to take into account local interactions inside the DH system.

Published
2021

13. First Extensive Analysis of 18 F-Labeled Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography in a Large Cohort of Patients With HIV-Associated Hodgkin Lymphoma: Baseline Total Metabolic Tumor Volume Affects Prognosis

Author

Nicolas Louarn, Lionel Galicier, Rémi Bertinchamp, David Lussato, Françoise Montravers, Éric Oksenhendler, Pascal Merlet, Laurence Gérard, Laetitia Vercellino, Hopital Saint-Louis [AP-HP] (AP-HP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), CHU Henri Mondor [Créteil], Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Médecine Interne [Hôpital Saint-Joseph - Marseille], Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Hôpital Saint-Joseph [Marseille], Immunologie clinique [CHU St-Louis], Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre cardiologique du Nord (CCN), CHU Tenon [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Sorbonne Université (SU), Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Marqueurs cardiovasculaires en situation de stress (MASCOT (UMR_S_942 / U942)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, CHU Henri Mondor, Service de Médecine Nucléaire [CHU Tenon], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), and leboeuf, Christophe

Subjects
Cancer Research, [SDV.IB.IMA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Oncology, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer
Abstract

PURPOSE 18F-labeled fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography with computed tomography (18F-FDG PET-CT) data in HIV-associated Hodgkin lymphoma (HIV-HL) are scarcely reported. In addition to the description of the characteristics of both baseline and interim 18F-FDG PET-CT examinations (PET1 and iPET, respectively), the aim of this study was to assess the prognostic value of PET1 and previously identified clinical parameters in this population. PATIENTS AND METHODS PET1 of 109 patients with HIV-HL, treated with doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine chemotherapy regimen since 2007, and 104 iPET were centrally reviewed. All the patients were enrolled in an ongoing prospective single-center cohort of HIV-associated lymphoma. RESULTS Most patients had a disseminated disease according to the Ann Arbor classification (30% stage III and 43% stage IV), with especially bone marrow and liver as extranodal localizations. After a median follow-up of 6.7 years, 12 patients relapsed (11%) and 13 died (12%). Five-year progression-free survival (PFS) was 75.1%, and 5-year overall survival was 86.1%. Median total metabolic tumor volume (TMTV) was 121.4 cm3. The optimal TMTV cutoff identified for prognostic analysis was 527 cm3, with a 2-year PFS of 71% in the 20 patients with TMTV > 527 cm3, compared with 91% in the 89 patients with TMTV ≤ 527 cm3 ( P = .004). On multivariate analysis, a high TMTV was the only parameter independently associated with PFS. CONCLUSION In this large series of HIV-HL patients with a homogeneous management, high TMTV on PET1 examination was associated with a poor prognosis.

Published
2022

14. Development of a standardized in vitro approach to evaluate microphysical, chemical, and toxicological properties of combustion-derived fine and ultrafine particles

Author

Nadine Merlet-Machour, Clément Castilla, Hélène Lavanant, Jean-Marie Vaugeois, Christophe Morin, Jérôme Yon, Carlos Afonso, Christelle Monteil, Ana Teresa Juarez-Facio, Cécile Corbière, Laurence Chevalier, Aliments Bioprocédés Toxicologie Environnements (ABTE), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Chimie Organique et Bioorganique : Réactivité et Analyse (COBRA), Institut Normand de Chimie Moléculaire Médicinale et Macromoléculaire (INC3M), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie Organique Fine (IRCOF), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Groupe de physique des matériaux (GPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Complexe de recherche interprofessionnel en aérothermochimie (CORIA), Institut de Chimie Organique Fine (IRCOF), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Normand de Chimie Moléculaire Médicinale et Macromoléculaire (INC3M), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance network (FR 3624 CNRS), ANSES (French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, PUFBIO project, Grant number EST-2017-190), ANR-11-LABX-0029,SYNORG,Synthèse Organique : des molécules au vivant(2011), and European Project: 731077,H2020,H2020-INFRAIA-2017-1-two-stage, EU_FT-ICR_MS(2018)

Subjects
Environmental Engineering, 010501 environmental sciences, Combustion, Mass spectrometry, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Soot, Ultrafine particle, medicine, Environmental Chemistry, Molecule, Humans, Particle Size, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, Aerosols, 0303 health sciences, Air Pollutants, Chemistry, Epithelial Cells, General Medicine, In vitro, 3. Good health, Combustion aerosol, Deposition (aerosol physics), 13. Climate action, [SDV.TOX]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Biophysics, Particulate Matter
Abstract

Ultrafine particles represent a growing concern in the public health community but their precise role in many illnesses is still unknown. This lack of knowledge is related to the experimental difficulty in linking their biological effects to their multiple properties, which are important determinants of toxicity. Our aim is to propose an interdisciplinary approach to study fine (FP) and ultrafine (UFP) particles, generated in a controlled manner using a miniCAST (Combustion Aerosol Standard) soot generator used with two different operating conditions (CAST1 and CAST3). The chemical characterization was performed by an untargeted analysis using ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry. In conjunction with this approach, subsequent analysis by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) was performed to identify polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). CAST1 enabled the generation of FP with a predominance of small PAH molecules, and CAST3 enabled the generation of UFP, which presented higher numbers of carbon atoms corresponding to larger PAH molecules. Healthy normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells differentiated at the air-liquid interface (ALI) were directly exposed to these freshly emitted FP and UFP. Expression of MUC5AC, FOXJ1, OCLN and ZOI as well as microscopic observation confirmed the ciliated pseudostratified epithelial phenotype. Study of the mass deposition efficiency revealed a difference between the two operating conditions, probably due to the morphological differences between the two categories of particles. We demonstrated that only NHBE cells exposed to CAST3 particles induced upregulation in the gene expression of IL-8 and NQO1. This approach offers new perspectives to study FP and UFP with stable and controlled properties.

Published
2022

15. Effects of Climate and Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition on Early to Mid-Term Stage Litter Decomposition Across Biomes

Author

TaeOh Kwon, Hideaki Shibata, Sebastian Kepfer-Rojas, Inger K. Schmidt, Klaus S. Larsen, Claus Beier, Björn Berg, Kris Verheyen, Jean-Francois Lamarque, Frank Hagedorn, Nico Eisenhauer, Ika Djukic, TeaComposition Network, Inger Kappel Schmidt, Klaus Steenberg Larsen, Jean Francois Lamarque, Adriano Caliman, Alain Paquette, Alba Gutiérrez-Girón, Alessandro Petraglia, Algirdas Augustaitis, Amélie Saillard, Ana Carolina Ruiz-Fernández, Ana I. Sousa, Ana I. Lillebø, Anderson da Rocha Gripp, Andrea Lamprecht, Andreas Bohner, André-Jean Francez, Andrey Malyshev, Andrijana Andrić, Angela Stanisci, Anita Zolles, Anna Avila, Anna-Maria Virkkala, Anne Probst, Annie Ouin, Anzar A. Khuroo, Arne Verstraeten, Artur Stefanski, Aurora Gaxiola, Bart Muys, Beatriz Gozalo, Bernd Ahrends, Bo Yang, Brigitta Erschbamer, Carmen Eugenia Rodríguez Ortíz, Casper T. Christiansen, Céline Meredieu, Cendrine Mony, Charles Nock, Chiao-Ping Wang, Christel Baum, Christian Rixen, Christine Delire, Christophe Piscart, Christopher Andrews, Corinna Rebmann, Cristina Branquinho, Dick Jan, Dirk Wundram, Dušanka Vujanović, E. Carol Adair, Eduardo Ordóñez-Regil, Edward R. Crawford, Elena F. Tropina, Elisabeth Hornung, Elli Groner, Eric Lucot, Esperança Gacia, Esther Lévesque, Evanilde Benedito, Evgeny A. Davydov, Fábio Padilha Bolzan, Fernando T. Maestre, Florence Maunoury-Danger, Florian Kitz, Florian Hofhansl, Flurin Sutter, Francisco de Almeida Lobo, Franco Leadro Souza, Franz Zehetner, Fulgence Kouamé Koffi, Georg Wohlfahrt, Giacomo Certini, Gisele Daiane Pinha, Grizelle González, Guylaine Canut, Harald Pauli, Héctor A. Bahamonde, Heike Feldhaar, Heinke Jäger, Helena Cristina Serrano, Hélène Verheyden, Helge Bruelheide, Henning Meesenburg, Hermann Jungkunst, Hervé Jactel, Hiroko Kurokawa, Ian Yesilonis, Inara Melece, Inge van Halder, Inmaculada García Quirós, István Fekete, Ivika Ostonen, Jana Borovská, Javier Roales, Jawad Hasan Shoqeir, Jean-Christophe Lata, Jean-Luc Probst, Jeyanny Vijayanathan, Jiri Dolezal, Joan-Albert Sanchez-Cabeza, Joël Merlet, John Loehr, Jonathan von Oppen, Jörg Löffler, José Luis Benito Alonso, José-Gilberto Cardoso-Mohedano, Josep Peñuelas, Joseph C. Morina, Juan Darío Quinde, Juan J. Jiménez, Juha M. Alatalo, Julia Seeber, Julia Kemppinen, Jutta Stadler, Kaie Kriiska, Karel Van den Meersche, Karibu Fukuzawa, Katalin Szlavecz, Katalin Juhos, Katarína Gerhátová, Kate Lajtha, Katie Jennings, Katja Tielbörger, Kazuhiko Hoshizaki, Ken Green, Klaus Steinbauer, Laryssa Pazianoto, Laura Dienstbach, Laura Yahdjian, Laura J. Williams, Laurel Brigham, Lee Hanna, Liesbeth van den Brink, Lindsey Rustad, Lourdes Morillas, Luciana Silva Carneiro, Luciano Di Martino, Luis Villar, Luísa Alícida Fernandes Tavares, Madison Morley, Manuela Winkler, Marc Lebouvier, Marcello Tomaselli, Marcus Schaub, Maria Glushkova, Maria Guadalupe Almazan Torres, Marie-Anne de Graaff, Marie-Noëlle Pons, Marijn Bauters, Marina Mazón, Mark Frenzel, Markus Wagner, Markus Didion, Maroof Hamid, Marta Lopes, Martha Apple, Martin Weih, Matej Mojses, Matteo Gualmini, Matthew Vadeboncoeur, Michael Bierbaumer, Michael Danger, Michael Scherer-Lorenzen, Michal Růžek, Michel Isabellon, Michele Di Musciano, Michele Carbognani, Miglena Zhiyanski, Mihai Puşcaş, Milan Barna, Mioko Ataka, Miska Luoto, Mohammed H. Alsafaran, Nadia Barsoum, Naoko Tokuchi, Nathalie Korboulewsky, Nicolas Lecomte, Nina Filippova, Norbert Hölzel, Olga Ferlian, Oscar Romero, Osvaldo Pinto-Jr, Pablo Peri, Pavel Dan Turtureanu, Peter Haase, Peter Macreadie, Peter B. Reich, Petr Petřík, Philippe Choler, Pierre Marmonier, Quentin Ponette, Rafael Dettogni Guariento, Rafaella Canessa, Ralf Kiese, Rebecca Hewitt, Robert Weigel, Róbert Kanka, Roberto Cazzolla Gatti, Rodrigo Lemes Martins, Romà Ogaya, Romain Georges, Rosario G. Gavilán, Sally Wittlinger, Sara Puijalon, Satoshi Suzuki, Schädler Martin, Schmidt Anja, Sébastien Gogo, Silvio Schueler, Simon Drollinger, Simone Mereu, Sonja Wipf, Stacey Trevathan-Tackett, Stefan Stoll, Stefan Löfgren, Stefan Trogisch, Steffen Seitz, Stephan Glatzel, Susanna Venn, Sylvie Dousset, Taiki Mori, Takanori Sato, Takuo Hishi, Tatsuro Nakaji, Theurillat Jean-Paul, Thierry Camboulive, Thomas Spiegelberger, Thomas Scholten, Thomas J. Mozdzer, Till Kleinebecker, Tomáš Rusňák, Tshililo Ramaswiela, Tsutom Hiura, Tsutomu Enoki, Tudor-Mihai Ursu, Umberto Morra di Cella, Ute Hamer, Valentin Klaus, Valter Di Cecco, Vanessa Rego, Veronika Fontana, Veronika Piscová, Vincent Bretagnolle, Vincent Maire, Vinicius Farjalla, Vittoz Pascal, Wenjun Zhou, Wentao Luo, William Parker, Yasuhiro Utsumi, Yuji Kominami, Zsolt Kotroczó, Zsolt Tóth, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University [Sapporo, Japan], Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management [Copenhagen] (IGN), Faculty of Science [Copenhagen], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Department of Forest Sciences [Helsinki], Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry [Helsinki], University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, Department of Forest and Water Management, Forest & Nature Lab, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), National Center for Atmospheric Research [Boulder] (NCAR), Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Zone Atelier du Bassin de la Moselle [LTSER France] (ZAM), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecosystèmes forestiers (UR EFNO), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Équipe 3 - Écologie, Évolution, Écosystemes Souterrains (E3S), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.)-Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.)-Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ZABR UMR 5023 VILLEURBANNE CEDEX, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Équipe 2 - Écologie Végétale et Zones Humides (EVZH), Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), University of Helsinki (FINLAND), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Hokkaido University (JAPAN), German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research - iDiv (GERMANY), Universität Leipzig (GERMANY), National Center for Atmospheric Research - NCAR (UNITED STATES), Forschungsanstalt für Wald, Schnee und Landschaft - WSL (SWITZERLAND), Tea composition (SWITZERLAND), Universiteit Gent - UGENT (BELGIUM), University of Copenhagen - UCPH (DENMARK), Laboratoire Ecologie fonctionnelle et Environnement - EcoLab (Toulouse, France), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Leipzig University, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Unité de recherche Comportement et Ecologie de la Faune Sauvage (CEFS), Muys, Bart, Department of Forest Sciences, Lammi Biological Station, Biological stations, Department of Geosciences and Geography, Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), BioGeoClimate Modelling Lab, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Kwon T., Shibata H., Kepfer-Rojas S., Schmidt I.K., Larsen K.S., Beier C., Berg B., Verheyen K., Lamarque J.-F., Hagedorn F., Eisenhauer N., Djukic I., Caliman A., Paquette A., Gutierrez-Giron A., Petraglia A., Augustaitis A., Saillard A., Ruiz-Fernandez A.C., Sousa A.I., Lillebo A.I., Da Rocha Gripp A., Lamprecht A., Bohner A., Francez A.-J., Malyshev A., Andric A., Stanisci A., Zolles A., Avila A., Virkkala A.-M., Probst A., Ouin A., Khuroo A.A., Verstraeten A., Stefanski A., Gaxiola A., Muys B., Gozalo B., Ahrends B., Yang B., Erschbamer B., Rodriguez Ortiz C.E., Christiansen C.T., Meredieu C., Mony C., Nock C., Wang C.-P., Baum C., Rixen C., Delire C., Piscart C., Andrews C., Rebmann C., Branquinho C., Jan D., Wundram D., Vujanovic D., Adair E.C., Ordonez-Regil E., Crawford E.R., Tropina E.F., Hornung E., Groner E., Lucot E., Gacia E., Levesque E., Benedito E., Davydov E.A., Bolzan F.P., Maestre F.T., Maunoury-Danger F., Kitz F., Hofhansl F., Hofhansl G., De Almeida Lobo F., Souza F.L., Zehetner F., Koffi F.K., Wohlfahrt G., Certini G., Pinha G.D., Gonzlez G., Canut G., Pauli H., Bahamonde H.A., Feldhaar H., Jger H., Serrano H.C., Verheyden H., Bruelheide H., Meesenburg H., Jungkunst H., Jactel H., Kurokawa H., Yesilonis I., Melece I., Van Halder I., Quiros I.G., Fekete I., Ostonen I., Borovsk J., Roales J., Shoqeir J.H., Jean-Christophe Lata J., Probst J.-L., Vijayanathan J., Dolezal J., Sanchez-Cabeza J.-A., Merlet J., Loehr J., Von Oppen J., Loffler J., Benito Alonso J.L., Cardoso-Mohedano J.-G., Penuelas J., Morina J.C., Quinde J.D., Jimnez J.J., Alatalo J.M., Seeber J., Kemppinen J., Stadler J., Kriiska K., Van Den Meersche K., Fukuzawa K., Szlavecz K., Juhos K., Gerhtov K., Lajtha K., Jennings K., Jennings J., Ecology P., Hoshizaki K., Green K., Steinbauer K., Pazianoto L., Dienstbach L., Yahdjian L., Williams L.J., Brigham L., Hanna L., Hanna H., Rustad L., Morillas L., Silva Carneiro L., Di Martino L., Villar L., Fernandes Tavares L.A., Morley M., Winkler M., Lebouvier M., Tomaselli M., Schaub M., Glushkova M., Torres M.G.A., De Graaff M.-A., Pons M.-N., Bauters M., Mazn M., Frenzel M., Wagner M., Didion M., Hamid M., Lopes M., Apple M., Weih M., Mojses M., Gualmini M., Vadeboncoeur M., Bierbaumer M., Danger M., Scherer-Lorenzen M., Ruek M., Isabellon M., Di Musciano M., Carbognani M., Zhiyanski M., Puca M., Barna M., Ataka M., Luoto M., H. Alsafaran M., Barsoum N., Tokuchi N., Korboulewsky N., Lecomte N., Filippova N., Hlzel N., Ferlian O., Romero O., Pinto-Jr O., Peri P., Dan Turtureanu P., Haase P., Macreadie P., Reich P.B., Petk P., Choler P., Marmonier P., Ponette Q., Dettogni Guariento R., Canessa R., Kiese R., Hewitt R., Weigel R., Kanka R., Cazzolla Gatti R., Martins R.L., Ogaya R., Georges R., Gaviln R.G., Wittlinger S., Puijalon S., Suzuki S., Martin S., Anja S., Gogo S., Schueler S., Drollinger S., Mereu S., Wipf S., Trevathan-Tackett S., Stoll S., Lfgren S., Trogisch S., Seitz S., Glatzel S., Venn S., Dousset S., Mori T., Sato T., Hishi T., Nakaji T., Jean-Paul T., Camboulive T., Spiegelberger T., Scholten T., Mozdzer T.J., Kleinebecker T., Runk T., Ramaswiela T., Hiura T., Enoki T., Ursu T.-M., Di Cella U.M., Hamer U., Klaus V., Di Cecco V., Rego V., Fontana V., Piscov V., Bretagnolle V., Maire V., Farjalla V., Pascal V., Zhou W., Luo W., Parker W., Parker P., Kominam Y., Kotrocz Z., and Utsumi Y.

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, tea bag, Green tea, Rooibos tea, litter decomposition, carbon turnover, nitrogen deposition, TeaComposition initiative, Biome, SOIL MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES, tea bag, Green tea, Rooibos tea, litter decomposition, carbon turnover, nitrogen deposition, TeaComposition initiative, Carbon turnover, Nitrogen deposition -TeaComposition initiative, Suelo, Flora Microbiana, 01 natural sciences, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, GE1-350, Ecosistemas Terrestres, Global and Planetary Change, Nutrient Cycling, Té Verde, Nitrogen deposition - TeaComposition initiative, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Forestry, Biomas, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Terrestrial ecosystem, [SDV.TOX.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology, Biologie, Nitrogen, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study, Animal science, LEAF, ORGANIC-CARBON, Carbono, RATES, [SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, climate, Escala Global, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Nutrientes, forests, Ecologie, Environnement, Science & Technology, 15. Life on land, worldwide experiment, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Carbon, Biology and Microbiology, Agriculture and Soil Science, Precipitación Atmosférica, Cambio Climático, Litter, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Tea Composition initiative, N-deposition, Deposition (chemistry), Global Scale, RESPONSES, Terrestrial Ecosystems, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Precipitation, Biomes, Degradation, Soil, Té Rooibos, FOLIAR LITTER, TEMPERATURE, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Ecology, Nitrógeno, Temperature, Litter decomposition, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Temperatura, Ciclo de Nutrientes, 1181 Ecology, evolutionary biology, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Nutrient cycle, Climate Change, Environmental Sciences & Ecology, Environmental Science (miscellaneous), Degradación, Liter Descomposition, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Temperate climate, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Microbial Flora, AVAILABILITY, Chemical process of decomposition, Bolsa de Té, Nutrients, Descomposición de Hojas, SD1-669.5, Decomposition, N DEPOSITION, Environmental sciences, Tea bag, 13. Climate action, Earth and Environmental Sciences, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, PATTERNS, Environmental science, cavelab, Nitrogen deposition, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract

Este artículo contiene 18 páginas, 5 tablas, 4 figuras., Litter decomposition is a key process for carbon and nutrient cycling in terrestrial ecosystems and is mainly controlled by environmental conditions, substrate quantity and quality as well as microbial community abundance and composition. In particular, the effects of climate and atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition on litter decomposition and its temporal dynamics are of significant importance, since their effects might change over the course of the decomposition process. Within the TeaComposition initiative, we incubated Green and Rooibos teas at 524 sites across nine biomes. We assessed how macroclimate and atmospheric inorganic N deposition under current and predicted scenarios (RCP 2.6, RCP 8.5) might affect litter mass loss measured after 3 and 12 months. Our study shows that the early to mid-term mass loss at the global scale was affected predominantly by litter quality (explaining 73% and 62% of the total variance after 3 and 12 months, respectively) followed by climate and N deposition. The effects of climate were not litter-specific and became increasingly significant as decomposition progressed, with MAP explaining 2% and MAT 4% of the variation after 12 months of incubation. The effect of N deposition was litter-specific, and significant only for 12-month decomposition of Rooibos tea at the global scale. However, in the temperate biome where atmospheric N deposition rates are relatively high, the 12- month mass loss of Green and Rooibos teas decreased significantly with increasing N deposition, explaining 9.5% and 1.1% of the variance, respectively. The expected changes in macroclimate and N deposition at the global scale by the end of this century are estimated to increase the 12-month mass loss of easily decomposable litter by 1.1– 3.5% and of the more stable substrates by 3.8–10.6%, relative to current mass loss.In contrast, expected changes in atmospheric N deposition will decrease the mid-term mass loss of high-quality litter by 1.4–2.2% and that of low-quality litter by 0.9–1.5% in the temperate biome. Our results suggest that projected increases in N deposition may have the capacity to dampen the climate-driven increases in litter decomposition depending on the biome and decomposition stage of substrate., This work was performed within the TeaComposition initiative, carried out by 190 institutions worldwide. We thank for funding support for the workshop and data analysis from the ILTER. We acknowledge support by the German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, funded by the German Research Foundation (FZT 118), Scientific Grant Agency VEGA (Grant No. 2/0101/18), as well as by the European Research Council under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program (Grant Agreement No. 677232). Thanks are due to FCT/MCTES for the financial support to CESAM (UIDB/50017/2020 + UIDP/50017/2020) and to the project PORBIOTA (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-022127). AI Sousa was funded by national funds through the FCTFoundation for Science and Technology, I.P., under the project CEECIND/00962/2017. HS and CB acknowledge FCT support to cE3c through UID/BIA/00329/2013, UID/BIA/00329/2019, and UIDB/00329/2020, and the project PORBIOTA - POCI-01- 0145-FEDER-022127. We are also thankful to UNILEVER for sponsoring the Lipton tea.

Published
2021

16. Mathematical analysis of a thermodynamically consistent reduced model for iron corrosion

Author

Clément Cancès, Claire Chainais-Hillairet, Benoît Merlet, Federica Raimondi, Juliette Venel, Reliable numerical approximations of dissipative systems (RAPSODI ), Laboratoire Paul Painlevé (LPP), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Matériaux Céramiques et de Mathématiques (CERAMATHS), Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-INSA Institut National des Sciences Appliquées Hauts-de-France (INSA Hauts-De-France), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), ANR-19-CE46-0002,COMODO,Systèmes de diffusion croisée sur des domaines en mouvement(2019), ANR-17-CE40-0027,MoHyCon,Modèles multi-échelles et simulation numérique hybride de semi-conducteurs(2017), ANR-11-LABX-0007,CEMPI,Centre Européen pour les Mathématiques, la Physique et leurs Interactions(2011), and European Project: 847593,EURAD(2019)

Subjects
entropy method, Drift–diffusion system, drift-diffusion system, Applied Mathematics, General Mathematics, Corrosion modeling, Drift–diffusion system, Entropy method, Existence, Moser iterations, existence, General Physics and Astronomy, 35Q79 -- 35M33 -- 35A01 -- 35B35, corrosion modeling, Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, Moser iterations, FOS: Mathematics, [MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP], [MATH.MATH-NA]Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA], Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
Abstract

We are interested in a reduced model for corrosion of iron, in which ferric cations and electrons evolve in a fixed oxide layer subject to a self-consistent electrostatic potential. Reactions at the boundaries are modeled thanks to Butler-Volmer formulas, whereas the boundary conditions on the electrostatic potential model capacitors located at the interfaces between the materials. Our model takes inspiration in existing papers, to which we bring slight modifications in order to make it consistent with thermodynamics and its second principle. Building on a free energy estimate, we establish the global in time existence of a solution to the problem without any restriction on the physical parameters, in opposition to previous works. The proof further relies on uniform estimates on the chemical potentials that are obtained thanks to Moser iterations. Numerical illustrations are finally provided to highlight the similarities and the differences between our new model and the one previously studied in the literature.

Published
2022

17. Évaluation scientifique du démonstrateur du dispositif Territoires Numériques Éducatifs (TNE)

Author

Cerisier, Jean-François, Jeannin, Laurent, Aillerie, Carine, Besneville, Émilie, Devauchelle, Bruno, Martineaud, Théo, Merlet-Fortin, Sylvie, Michel, Christine, Nguyen, Aurélien, and Cerisier, Jean-François

Subjects
[SHS.INFO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences
Abstract

Ce rapport constitue l’une des contributions des unités de recherche Techné (UR-20297, Université de Poitiers) et Bonheurs (EA-7517, CY Cergy Paris Université) à l’évaluation du démonstrateur Territoires Éducatifs Numériques (TNE) dans les départements de l’Aisne et du Val d’Oise. Il concerne la première année du démonstrateur et porte sur l’année scolaire 2020-2021.

Published
2022

20. RSE et transformation numérique des entreprises artisanales : une étude sur données d'enquête 1

Author

Merlet, Jimmy, Pénard, Thierry, Laboratoire Biens, Normes, Contrats (LBNC), Avignon Université (AU), Centre de recherche en économie et management (CREM), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Artesanía, Transformation numérique, TPE, Usages numériques, Usos digitales, Digital uses, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, JEL: L - Industrial Organization/L.L2 - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior, VSEs, Transformación digital, Digital transformation, JEL: M - Business Administration and Business Economics • Marketing • Accounting • Personnel Economics/M.M2 - Business Economics, [SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, Crafts, MPE, RSE, Artisanat
Abstract

International audience; Studies on corporate social responsibility (CSR) in craft enterprises are rare. Existing works insist on the obstacles of very small companies in terms of CSR: lack of interest, skills, time or financial resources etc. Our article extends these works by looking at the links between the skills and digital uses of craft companies on the one hand and their CSR practices on the other hand. We use a survey conducted by the M@rsouin Observatory among 1019 craft companies in Brittany, in the building, production, food and services sectors. Our results show that the craft companies that are the most advanced in terms of skills and digital tools are also those that have the most responsible practices (environmentally and socially). Conversely, companies that are far from digital are less committed to CSR practices.; Les études sur la responsabilité sociétale des entreprises (RSE) dans les entreprises artisanales sont rares. Les travaux existants insistent sur les freins et les retards des très petites entreprises en matière de RSE : manque d’intérêt, de compétences, de temps ou de ressources financières etc. Notre article prolonge ces travaux en s’intéressant aux liens entre les compétences et usages numériques des entreprises artisanales d’une part et leurs pratiques RSE d’autre part. Nous exploitons une enquête réalisée par l’Observatoire M@rsouin auprès de 1019 entreprises artisanales en Bretagne, dans les secteurs du bâtiment, de la production, de ’alimentation et des services. Nos résultats montrent que les entreprises artisanales les plus avancées en termes de compétences et d’outils numériques sont aussi celles qui ont le plus de pratiques responsables (sur le plan environnemental et social). À l’inverse, les entreprises éloignées du numérique sont moins engagées dans des pratiques RSE.

Published
2022

21. Filtre à lignes couplées commutées pour accord en fréquence

Author

Le Lez, Corentin, Allanic, Rozenn, Le Berre, Denis, Quendo, Cédric, Sauvage, Rose-Marie, Leuliet, Aude, Merlet, Thomas, de Vasconcellos, Douglas Silva, Grimal, Virginie, Valente, Damien, Billoue, Jérôme, and ALLANIC, ROZENN

Subjects
[SPI.TRON] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics
Published
2022

22. 18FDG PET Assessment of Therapeutic Response in Patients with Advanced or Metastatic Melanoma Treated with First-Line Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors

Author

Alexia Rivas, Julie Delyon, Antoine Martineau, Estelle Blanc, Clara Allayous, Laetitia Da Meda, Pascal Merlet, Céleste Lebbé, Barouyr Baroudjian, Laetitia Vercellino, leboeuf, Christophe, Service de Médecine Nucléaire [Saint-Louis], Hopital Saint-Louis [AP-HP] (AP-HP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Immunologie humaine, physiopathologie & immunothérapie (HIPI (UMR_S_976 / U976)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Service de Dermatologie [AP-HP Hôpital Saint-Louis], Marqueurs cardiovasculaires en situation de stress (MASCOT (UMR_S_942 / U942)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord

Subjects
immune checkpoint inhibitors, Cancer Research, Oncology, [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, therapeutic response, FDG PET, melanoma, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, immunotherapy, [SDV.MHEP.DERM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Dermatology, [SDV.MHEP.DERM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Dermatology
Abstract

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are currently the first-line treatment for patients with metastatic melanoma. We investigated the value of positron emission tomography (PET) response criteria to assess the therapeutic response to first-line ICI in this clinical context and explore the potential contribution of total tumor metabolic volume (TMTV) analysis. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study in patients treated with first-line ICI for advanced or metastatic melanoma, with 18F-FDG PET/CT performed at baseline and 3 months after starting treatment. Patients’ metabolic response was classified according to PERCIST5 and imPERCIST 5 criteria. TMTV was recorded for each examination. Results: Twenty-nine patients were included. The median overall survival (OS) was 51.2 months (IQR 13.6—not reached), and the OS rate at 2 years was 58.6%. Patients classified as responders (complete and partial response) had a 90.9% 2-year OS rate versus 38.9% for non-responders (stable disease and progressive disease) (p = 0.03), for PERCIST5 and imPERCIST 5 criteria. The median change in metabolic volume was 9.8% (IQR −59–+140%). No significant correlation between OS and changes in TMTV was found. Conclusion: The evaluation of response to immunotherapy using metabolic imaging with PERCIST5 and imPERCIST5 was significantly associated with OS in patients with advanced or metastatic melanoma.

Published
2022

23. The isoperimetric problem for the perimeter minus a fraction of a nonlocal approximate perimeter in 2D

Author

Merlet, Benoît, Pegon, Marc, Reliable numerical approximations of dissipative systems (RAPSODI ), Laboratoire Paul Painlevé - UMR 8524 (LPP), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), B. Merlet and M. Pegon are partially supported by the Inria team RAPSODI and the Labex CEMPI (ANR-11-LABX-0007-01)., and ANR-11-LABX-0007-01,Labex CEMPI,Laboratoire d'Excellence Centre Européen pour les Mathématiques, la Physique et leurs interactions

Subjects
49Q10, 49Q20, 28A75, [MATH.MATH-MP]Mathematics [math]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph], [MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP], [MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC]
Abstract

We prove that unit area minimizers are disks for an isoperimetric problem in which the standard perimeter $P(E)$ is replaced by $P(E)−\gamma P_{\varepsilon}(E)$, where $\gamma\in(0,1)$ and $P_{\varepsilon}$ is a nonlocal energy such that $P_{\varepsilon}(E) \to P(E)$ as $\varepsilon$ vanishes.More precisely, we show that in dimension 2, connected minimizers are necessarily convex, provided that $\varepsilon$ is small enough. In turn, this implies that minimizers have nearly circular boundaries, that is, their boundary is a small Lipschitz perturbation of the circle. Then, using a Fuglede-type argument, we prove that in arbitrary dimension $n\geq 2$, the unit ball in $\mathbb{R}^n$ is the unique unit-volume minimizer of the problem among nearly spherical sets. As a consequence, up to translations, the unit disk is the unique minimizer.This isoperimetric problem is equivalent to a generalization of the so-called liquid drop model for the atomic nucleus introduced by Gamow, where the nonlocal repulsive potential is given by a radial kernel sufficiently integrable kernel. In that formulation our result states that above a critical mass $m_0$, the disk of area $m > m_0$ is the unique minimizer of area $m$, up to translations.

Published
2021

24. Mixing neural networks and the Newton method for the kinematics of simple cable-driven parallel robots with sagging cables

Author

Ichrak Ben Yahia, Jean-Pierre Merlet, Yves Papegay, HExapode, PHysiologie, AssISTance et Objets de Service (HEPHAISTOS), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), ANR-19-P3IA-0002,3IA@cote d'azur,3IA Côte d'Azur(2019), and ANR-18-CE10-0004,CRAFT,Robots Parallèles à Câbles pour des Opérations Industrielles Agiles(2018)

Subjects
Computer Science::Robotics, Kinematic Analysis, Cable-driven Robot, [INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO], Cable-driven parallel manipulators, [INFO.INFO-NE]Computer Science [cs]/Neural and Evolutionary Computing [cs.NE], Neural network
Abstract

International audience; Cable-driven parallel robots (CDPR) use cables to move a platform. These cables can be coiled/uncoiled by winches and are all attached to the platform. We are considering here a specific class of CDPR, called N-1 which has N cables that are all attached to the platform at the same point B. With 2 cables we get a planar 2-dof robot while with N ≥ 3 we get a robot with 3 translational dof. We assume that the cables have elasticity and a mass so that sagging exists. In that case the inverse and direct kinematics (IK, DK) are difficult to solve. As kinematics plays an important role for the robot analysis it is necessary to design fast but exact kinematics procedures. In this paper we consider the 2-1 and 3-1 cases which have a single solution for the kinematic and addresses the use of neural network (NN) to solve the IK and DK. We show that NN provide very approximate results but also that it is possible to design a solving strategy mixing NN and the Newton method to get the exact result in a low computation time. We cannot formally prove that this approach will always work but extensive numerical tests have shown no failure.

Published
2021

25. Carbon-carbon supercapacitors: Beyond the average pore size or how electrolyte confinement and inaccessible pores affect the capacitance

Author

Céline Merlet, Patrice Simon, El Hassane Lahrar, Centre interuniversitaire de recherche et d'ingenierie des matériaux (CIRIMAT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Réseau sur le stockage électrochimique de l'énergie (RS2E), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Collège de France (FRANCE), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - ENSCP (FRANCE), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier - ENSCM (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble (FRANCE), Université Paris Sciences & Lettres - PSL (FRANCE), Sorbonne Université (FRANCE), Université Grenoble Alpes - UGA (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université de Nantes (FRANCE), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (FRANCE), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour - UPPA (FRANCE), Université de Haute Alsace - UHA (FRANCE), Université de Montpellier (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Université de Nantes (UN)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), and Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)

Subjects
Energie électrique, Materials science, Matériaux, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, Electrolyte, 010402 general chemistry, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Capacitance, Adsorption, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Supercapacitor, Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Nanoporous, Reinforced carbon–carbon, Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, [CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, chemistry, Chemical physics, 0210 nano-technology, Porous medium, Carbon
Abstract

International audience; Carbon-carbon supercapacitors are high power electrochemical energy storage systems which store energy through reversible ion adsorption at the electrode-electrolyte interface. Due to the complex structure of the porous carbons used as electrodes, extracting structure-property relationships in these systems remains a challenge. In this work, we conduct molecular simulations of two model supercapacitors based on nanoporous electrodes with the same average pore size, a property often used when comparing porous materials, but different morphologies. We show that the carbon with the more ordered structure, with a well defined pore size, has a much higher capacitance than the carbon with the more disordered structure, and broader pore size distribution. We analyze the structure of the confined electrolyte and show that the ions adsorbed in the ordered carbon are present in larger quantities and are also more confined than for the disordered carbon. Both aspects favor a better charge separation and thus a larger capacitance. In addition, the disordered electrodes contain a significant amount of carbon atoms which are never in contact with the electrolyte, carry a close to zero charge and are thus not involved in the charge storage. The total quantities of adsorbed ions and degrees of confinement do not change much with the applied potential and as such, this work opens the door to computationally tractable screening strategies.

Published
2021

26. Flying Fox Hemolytic Fever, Description of a New Zoonosis Caused by Candidatus Mycoplasma haemohominis

Author

Denise Desoutter, Julien Colot, Elise Klement-Frutos, Cécile Cazorla, Vincent Bossi, Pierre-Edouard Fournier, Malik Oedin, Bernard Davoust, Elodie Descloux, Anthony Levasseur, Sylvie Laumond, Martine Chauvet, Isabelle Mermoud, Didier Raoult, Ann-Claire Gourinat, Oleg Mediannikov, A. Merlet, Fabrice Brescia, Marie-Amélie Goujart, Luca Antonini, Centre hospitalier territorial Gaston-Bourret [Dumbea] (CHT), Centre hospitalier territorial Gaston-Bourret [Nouméa], Microbes évolution phylogénie et infections (MEPHI), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Institut Hospitalier Universitaire Méditerranée Infection (IHU Marseille), Groupe Bactériologie Expérimentale [Nouméa, Nouvelle-Calédonie], Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Direction des Affaires Vétérinaires, Alimentaires et Rurales (DAVAR), CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Institut Agronomique Néo-Calédonien (IAC), Direction des Affaires sanitaires et sociales de la Nouvelle-Calédonie [Nouméa] (DASS [Nouméa]), Vecteurs - Infections tropicales et méditerranéennes (VITROME), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Brétigny-sur-Orge] (IRBA), This work was supported by Public Health Funds from New Caledonia, the Méditerranée-Infection Foundation and the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche under reference Investissements d’Avenir Méditerranée Infection 10-IAHU-03, and Région Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur and European funding Fonds européen de développement régional (FEDER) IHUBIOTK., ANR-10-IAHU-0003,Méditerranée Infection,I.H.U. Méditerranée Infection(2010), and Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Anemia, 030106 microbiology, bats, medicine.disease_cause, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Mycoplasma, Mycoplasma, New Caledonia, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Chiroptera, medicine, Flying fox (fish), Animals, Humans, Mycoplasma Infections, MESH: Animals, MESH: Phylogeny, Phylogeny, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, Retrospective Studies, hemophagocytosis, Candidatus Mycoplasma haemohominis, MESH: Humans, biology, business.industry, Zoonosis, MESH: Chiroptera, MESH: Retrospective Studies, MESH: Mycoplasma Infections, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Pteropus, Virology, 3. Good health, Nycteribiidae, 030104 developmental biology, Infectious Diseases, Candidatus, Autoimmune hemolytic anemia, business
Abstract

Background Hemotropic mycoplasmas, previously classified in the genus Eperythrozoon, have been reported as causing human infections in Brazil, China, Japan, and Spain. Methods In 2017, we detected DNA from Candidatus Mycoplasma haemohominis in the blood of a Melanesian patient from New Caledonia presenting with febrile splenomegaly, weight loss, life-threatening autoimmune hemolytic anemia, and hemophagocytosis. The full genome of the bacterium was sequenced from a blood isolate. Subsequently, we retrospectively (2011–2017) and prospectively (2018–2019) tested patients who had been hospitalized with a similar clinico-biological picture. In addition, as these patients had been in contact with frugivorous bats (authorized under conditions for hunting and eating in New Caledonia), we investigated the role of these animals and their biting flies by testing them for hemotropic mycoplasmas. Results There were 15 patients found to be infected by this hemotropic mycoplasma. Among them, 4 (27%) died following splenectomy performed either for spontaneous spleen rupture or to cure refractory autoimmune hemolytic anemia. The bacterium was cultivated from the patient’s blood. The full genome of the Neocaledonian Candidatus M. haemohominis strain differed from that of a recently identified Japanese strain. Of 40 tested Pteropus bats, 40% were positive; 100% of collected bat flies Cyclopodia horsfieldi (Nycteribiidae, Diptera) were positive. Human, bat, and dipteran strains were highly similar. Conclusions The bacterium being widely distributed in bats, Candidatus M. haemohominis, should be regarded as a potential cause of severe infections in humans.

Published
2021

27. Phytoremediation of PCB: contaminated Algerian soils using native agronomics plants

Author

Nadine Merlet-Machour, Abdelkrim Touabet, Florence Portet-Koltalo, Ahmed Halfadji, Franck Le Derf, Christophe Morin, Chimie Organique et Bioorganique : Réactivité et Analyse (COBRA), Institut Normand de Chimie Moléculaire Médicinale et Macromoléculaire (INC3M), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie Organique Fine (IRCOF), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Environmental Engineering, Soil test, Vicia sativa, Environmental remediation, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Geochemistry and Petrology, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Environmental Chemistry, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, Water Science and Technology, 2. Zero hunger, 021110 strategic, defence & security studies, biology, Polychlorinated biphenyl, General Medicine, Contamination, biology.organism_classification, Soil contamination, Phytoremediation, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Environmental chemistry, Soil water, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Environmental science
Abstract

Pot cultivation experiments were conducted to assess the phytoremediation potential of two local agronomic plants, namely Avena sativa and Vicia sativa. Several soils with long-standing contamination and different levels of Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) contamination were used for this study. The soil samples came from different regions of Algeria and had different physico-chemical parameters. We studied the influence of these parameters on remediation potential of the two tested plants. The removal rate of the seven PCBs (PCB 28, 52, 101, 138, 153, 156 and 180) was examined after 40 and 90 days. The results showed that the presence of the plants reduced significantly the overall PCB content, ranging initially from 1.33–127.9 mg kg1. After 90 days, the forage plant Vicia sativa allowed us to reach an excess dissipation rate of 56.7% compared to the unplanted control for the most polluted soil. An average dissipation rate of 50% was obtained in the moderately polluted soil. The less contaminated soil had an excess dissipation rate of about 24% for both plants and a predominant dissipation of the low chlorinated PCBs.

Published
2021

28. Automatic Self-Calibration of Suspended Under-Actuated Cable-Driven Parallel Robot using Incremental Measurements

Author

Jean-Pierre Merlet, Marco Carricato, Edoardo Idà, Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Informazione [Bologna] (DISI), Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), HExapode, PHysiologie, AssISTance et Objets de Service (HEPHAISTOS), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Dipartimento di Informatica - Scienza e Ingegneria [Bologna] (DISI), ANR-19-P3IA-0002,3IA@cote d'azur,3IA Côte d'Azur(2019), Andreas Pott, Tobias Bruckmann, Ida E., Merlet J.-P., Carricato M., Merlet, Jean-Pierre, and 3IA Côte d'Azur - - 3IA@cote d'azur2019 - ANR-19-P3IA-0002 - P3IA - VALID

Subjects
0209 industrial biotechnology, Forward kinematics, business.product_category, Optimization problem, Computer science, Homing, 02 engineering and technology, Underconstrained robots, Pulley, Computer Science::Robotics, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Data acquisition, 0203 mechanical engineering, Control theory, Initial value problem, [INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO], Pose, Underactuated robots, [INFO.INFO-RB] Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO], Cable-driven parallel robot, Underactuated robot, Parallel manipulator, Cable-driven parallel robots, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, Robot, Self-calibration, business
Abstract

International audience; This paper focuses on the problem of the initial-pose estimation by means of proprioceptive sensors (self-calibration) of suspended under-actuated Cable-Driven Parallel Robots (CDPRs). For this class of manipulators, the initial-pose estimation cannot be carried out by means of forward kinematics only, but mechanical equilibrium conditions must be considered as well. In addition , forward kinematics solution is based on cable-length measurements, but if the robot is equipped with incremental sensors cables' initial values are unknown. In this paper, the self-calibration problem is formulated as a non-linear least square optimization problem (NLLS), based on the direct geometrico-static problem, where only incremental measurements on cable lengths and on swivel pulley angles are required. In addition, a data acquisition algorithm and an initial value selection procedure for the NLLS are proposed, aiming at automatizing the self-calibration procedure. Simulations and experimental results on a 3-cable 6-degree-of-freedom robot are provided so as to prove the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.

Published
2019

29. The Prince's tears, a large cable-driven parallel robot for an artistic exhibition

Author

Merlet, Jean-Pierre, Papegay, Yves, Gasc, Anne-Valérie, Merlet, Jean-Pierre, HExapode, PHysiologie, AssISTance et Objets de Service (HEPHAISTOS), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), and École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Marseille-Luminy (ENSA-M)

Subjects
cable-driven parallel robot, kinematics, [INFO.INFO-RB] Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO], [INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO], art
Abstract

International audience; This paper presents the development and results of a large 3 d.o.f cable-driven parallel robot (CDPR) that has been extensively used between June and August 2019 for an artistic exhibition. The purpose of the exhibition was to 3D print a wall of glass powder, which will slowly collapse after the deposit of each layer. Positioning control on the assigned trajectory was an issue because of the CDPR geometry imposed by the specific configuration of the exhibition place. We describe how this problem was solved using a combination of cable length estimation based on the winch rotation measured by encoder, together with 3 on-board lidars that were used to provide a measure of the robot position. To the best of our knowledge this is the first time that such method was used for controlling a large CDPR. This CDPR has run for 174 hours since 6/18/2019, averaging a run time of 4h15mn per day. The 3D printing of the wall started on 7/18/2019 and stops on 8/31/2019. During this period the robot was used for 32 days with an average of 2h18mn run-time per day. The robot has traveled on a total distance of 4757 meters, of which 3893 meters on the assigned trajectory. During the period 76 layers have been deposited, representing a mass of 1.5 tons of glass powder.

Published
2020

30. Ticagrelor versus clopidogrel in elective percutaneous coronary intervention (ALPHEUS): a randomised, open-label, phase 3b trial

Author

Johanne Silvain, Benoit Lattuca, Farzin Beygui, Grégoire Rangé, Zuzana Motovska, Jean-Guillaume Dillinger, Ziad Boueri, Philippe Brunel, Thibault Lhermusier, Christophe Pouillot, Elisa Larrieu-Ardilouze, Franck Boccara, Jean-Noël Labeque, Paul Guedeney, Mohamad El Kasty, Mikael Laredo, Raphaëlle Dumaine, Grégory Ducrocq, Jean-Philippe Collet, Guillaume Cayla, Katrien Blanchart, Petr Kala, Eric Vicaut, Gilles Montalescot, Johanne SILVAIN, Jean-Philippe COLLET, Gilles MONTALESCOT, Mathieu KERNEIS, Nassim BRAIK, Olivier BARTHELEMY, Gérard HELFT, Claude LEFEUVRE, Rémi CHOUSSAT, Marie HAUGUEL, Michel ZEITOUNI, Thomas CUISSET, Jean-Louis BONNET, Pierre DEHARO, Benoit LATTUCA, Guillaume CAYLA, Luc CORNILLET, Bertrand LEDERMANN, Clément LONJON, Laurent SCHMUTZ, Grégoire RANGE, Franck ALBERT, Thibault DEMICHELI, Laurent ROUSSEL, Reda BENSAID, Christophe THUAIRE, Jean-Guillaume DILLINGER, Patrick HENRY, Stéphane MANZO-SILBERMAN, Georgios SIDERIS, Damien LOGEART, Vincent SPAGNOLI, Léa CACOUB, Christophe POUILLOT, Jean Richard VI-FANE, Jens GLASENAPP, Karim BOUGRINI, Nicolas COMBARET, Pascal MOTREFF, Géraud SOUTEYRAND, Aimé AMONCHOT, Thomas MOUYEN, Thibault LHERMUSIER, Didier CARRIE, Frédéric BOUISSET, Thomas CHOLLET, Francisco CAMPELO-PARADA, Nicolas DELARCHE, François SCHIELE, Mathieu BESUTTI, Marie HAUGUEL-MOREAU, Rami EL MAHMOUD, Christophe CAUSSIN, Mami ZOHEIR, Aurelie VEUGEOIS, Alain DIBIE, Olivier VARENNE, Fabien PICARD, Alexandre LAFONT, Julien ADJEDJ, Philippe DEGRELL, Farzin BEYGUI, Rémi SABATIER, Vincent ROULE, Mathieux BIGNON, Katrien BLANCHART, Pierre ARDOUIN, Adrien LEMAITRE, Clément BRIET, Ziad BOUERI, Pascal GOUBE, Pierre COSTE, Laura CETRAN, Jérôme CLERC, Hervé LE BRETON, Dominique BOULMIER, Vincent AUFFRET, Jean-Noël LABEQUE, Jean-Luc BONAS, Jean-Louis GEORGES, Bernard LIVAREK, Elodie BLICQ, Nicolas BARON, Géraldine GIBAULT-GENTY, Yves COTTIN, Isabelle LHUILLIER, Carole RICHARD, Luc LORGIS, Philippe BUFFET, Christian SPAULDING, Nicole KARAM, Etienne PUYMIRAT, Marco MENNUNI, Emmanuel POULIDAKIS, Lionel BONNEVIE, Franck BOCCARA, Marion CHAUVET, Laurie DUFOUR, Yann ANCEDY, Stéphane EDERHY, Arnaud ETIENNEY, Anne BELLEMAIN-APPAIX, Nathaniel BITTON, Laurent JACQ, Christophe SAINT-ETIENNE, Florence LECLERCQ, François ROUBILLE, Gilles RIOUFOL, François DERIMAY, Marc GORALSKI, Wael YAFI, Emmanuelle FILIPPI, Alain KERMARREC, Christophe LE RAY, Antoine MERLET, Aurelie LOIRAT, Philippe BRUNEL, Damien BRUNET, Jack RAVISY, Laurent MOCK, Guillaume MOLINS, Max CARRE, Erwan BRESSOLLETTE, Luc CHRISTIAENS, Elisa LARRIEU-ARDILOUZE, Romain CADOR CADOR, Eric VAN BELLE, Gilles LEMESLE, Cédric DELHAYE, Flavien VINCENT, Sina POROUCHANI, Hugues SPILLEMAEKER, Katy PETIT, Olivier RESSENCOURT, Vincent HUMEAU, François JOURDA, Marc-Antoine ARNOULD, Stephen CHASSAING, Karl ISAAZ, Laurent PAYOT, Jacques MONTSEGU, Benjamin FAURIE, Michel PANSIERI, Marc METGE, Karim MOUSSA, Mathieu PANKERT, Olivier MOREL, Sébastien HESS, Luc MAILLARD, Thibault MANIGOLD, Vincent LETOCART, Julien PLESSIS, Pauline BERTHOME, Mickael BONIN, François HUCHET, Emmanuel TEIGER, Romain GALLET, Gauthier MOUILLET, Madjid BOUKANTAR, Mohammed NEJJARI, David ATTIAS, Mathieu STEINECKER, Zuzana MOTOVSKA, Martin KOZEL, Zdenko STELMACH, Ota HLINOMAZ, Michal REZEK, Martin NOVAK, Jan SITAR, Jiri SEMENKA, Petr KALA, Otakar BOCEK, Roman ŠTIPAL, Martin POLOCZEK, Jan KANOVSKÝ, Petr JERABEK, Jiří KARASEK, Sylvie HRUSKOVA, Marian BRANNY, Jan MROZEK, Tomas GREZL, Leos PLEVA, Pavel KUKLA, Martin PORZER, Lesnik, Philippe, Institut de cardiologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Research Unit on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (ICAN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut de Cardiométabolisme et Nutrition = Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition [CHU Pitié Salpêtrière] (IHU ICAN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes), Service de cardiologie et de pathologie vasculaire [CHU Caen], Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Hôpital Louis Pasteur [Chartres], Charles University [Prague] (CU), Marqueurs cardiovasculaires en situation de stress (MASCOT (UMR_S_942 / U942)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Hôpital Lariboisière-Fernand-Widal [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre Hospitalier de Bastia (G2HC), Service de Cardiologie [Hôpital privé Dijon Bourgogne], Hôpital privé Dijon Bourgogne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Clinique Sainte Clotilde, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers), Service de Cardiologie [CHU Saint-Antoine], CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Le CHCB, Centre Hospitalier de la Côte Basque, Grand Hôpital de l'Est Francilien (GHEF), Centre de Réadaptation Cardiaque Les Grands Prés [Villeneuve Saint Denis] (CRCLGP), Service de cardiologie [CHU Bichat], AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), University Hospital Brno, Masaryk University [Brno] (MUNI), Hopital Saint-Louis [AP-HP] (AP-HP), Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), ALPHEUS investigators: Johanne Silvain, Jean-Philippe Collet, Gilles Montalescot, Mathieu Kerneis, Nassim Braik, Olivier Barthelemy, Gérard Helft, Claude Lefeuvre, Rémi Choussat, Marie Hauguel, Michel Zeitouni, Thomas Cuisset, Jean-Louis Bonnet, Pierre Deharo, Benoit Lattuca, Guillaume Cayla, Luc Cornillet, Bertrand Ledermann, Clément Lonjon, Laurent Schmutz, Grégoire Range, Franck Albert, Thibault Demicheli, Laurent Roussel, Reda Bensaid, Christophe Thuaire, Jean-Guillaume Dillinger, Patrick Henry, Stéphane Manzo-Silberman, Georgios Sideris, Damien Logeart, Vincent Spagnoli, Léa Cacoub, Christophe Pouillot, Jean Richard Vi-Fane, Jens Glasenapp, Karim Bougrini, Nicolas Combaret, Pascal Motreff, Géraud Souteyrand, Aimé Amonchot, Thomas Mouyen, Thibault Lhermusier, Didier Carrie, Frédéric Bouisset, Thomas Chollet, Francisco Campelo-Parada, Nicolas Delarche, François Schiele, Mathieu Besutti, Marie Hauguel-Moreau, Rami El Mahmoud, Christophe Caussin, Mami Zoheir, Aurelie Veugeois, Alain Dibie, Olivier Varenne, Fabien Picard, Alexandre Lafont, Julien Adjedj, Philippe Degrell, Farzin Beygui, Rémi Sabatier, Vincent Roule, Mathieux Bignon, Katrien Blanchart, Pierre Ardouin, Adrien Lemaitre, Clément Briet, Ziad Boueri, Pascal Goube, Pierre Coste, Laura Cetran, Jérôme Clerc, Hervé LE Breton, Dominique Boulmier, Vincent Auffret, Jean-Noël Labeque, Jean-Luc Bonas, Jean-Louis Georges, Bernard Livarek, Elodie Blicq, Nicolas Baron, Géraldine Gibault-Genty, Yves Cottin, Isabelle Lhuillier, Carole Richard, Luc Lorgis, Philippe Buffet, Christian Spaulding, Nicole Karam, Etienne Puymirat, Marco Mennuni, Emmanuel Poulidakis, Lionel Bonnevie, Franck Boccara, Marion Chauvet, Laurie Dufour, Yann Ancedy, Stéphane Ederhy, Arnaud Etienney, Anne Bellemain-Appaix, Nathaniel Bitton, Laurent Jacq, Christophe Saint-Etienne, Florence Leclercq, François Roubille, Gilles Rioufol, François Derimay, Marc Goralski, Wael Yafi, Emmanuelle Filippi, Alain Kermarrec, Christophe LE Ray, Antoine Merlet, Aurelie Loirat, Philippe Brunel, Damien Brunet, Jack Ravisy, Laurent Mock, Guillaume Molins, Max Carre, Erwan Bressollette, Luc Christiaens, Elisa Larrieu-Ardilouze, Romain Cador Cador, Eric VAN Belle, Gilles Lemesle, Cédric Delhaye, Flavien Vincent, Sina Porouchani, Hugues Spillemaeker, Katy Petit, Olivier Ressencourt, Max Carre, Vincent Humeau, François Jourda, Marc-Antoine Arnould, Stephen Chassaing, Karl Isaaz, Laurent Payot, Jacques Montsegu, Benjamin Faurie, Michel Pansieri, Marc Metge, Karim Moussa, Mathieu Pankert, Olivier Morel, Sébastien Hess, Luc Maillard, Thibault Manigold, Vincent Letocart, Julien Plessis, Pauline Berthome, Mickael Bonin, François Huchet, Emmanuel Teiger, Romain Gallet, Gauthier Mouillet, Madjid Boukantar, Rami El Mahmoud, Mohammed Nejjari, David Attias, Léa Cacoub, Mathieu Steinecker, François Huchet, Zuzana Motovska, Martin Kozel, Zdenko Stelmach, Ota Hlinomaz, Michal Rezek, Martin Novak, Jan Sitar, Jiri Semenka, Petr Kala, Otakar Bocek, Roman Štipal, Martin Poloczek, Jan KanovskÝ, Petr Jerabek, Jiří Karasek, Sylvie Hruskova, Marian Branny, Jan Mrozek, Tomas Grezl, Leos Pleva, Pavel Kukla, Martin Porzer., Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Institute of cardiometabolism and nutrition (ICAN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles [U 1046] (PhyMedExp), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)

Subjects
Male, Ticagrelor, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Population, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Coronary artery disease, 03 medical and health sciences, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, cardiovascular diseases, 030212 general & internal medicine, Myocardial infarction, education, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Percutaneous coronary intervention, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Clopidogrel, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Treatment Outcome, Action study, Elective Surgical Procedures, Anesthesia, Conventional PCI, Purinergic P2Y Receptor Antagonists, Female, business, Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors, medicine.drug
Abstract

International audience; Background: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)-related myonecrosis is frequent and can affect the long-term prognosis of patients. To our knowledge, ticagrelor has not been evaluated in elective PCI and could reduce periprocedural ischaemic complications compared with clopidogrel, the currently recommended treatment. The aim of the ALPHEUS study was to examine if ticagrelor was superior to clopidogrel in reducing periprocedural myocardial necrosis in stable coronary patients undergoing high-risk elective PCI.Methods: The ALPHEUS study, a phase 3b, randomised, open-label trial, was done at 49 hospitals in France and Czech Republic. Patients with stable coronary artery disease were eligible for the study if they had an indication for PCI and at least one high-risk characteristic. Eligible patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to either ticagrelor (180 mg loading dose, 90 mg twice daily thereafter for 30 days) or clopidogrel (300-600 mg loading dose, 75 mg daily thereafter for 30 days) by use of an interactive web response system, and stratified by centre. The primary outcome was a composite of PCI-related type 4 (a or b) myocardial infarction or major myocardial injury and the primary safety outcome was major bleeding, both of which were evaluated within 48 h of PCI (or at hospital discharge if earlier). The primary analysis was based on all events that occurred in the intention-to-treat population. The trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02617290.Findings: Between Jan 9, 2017, and May 28, 2020, 1910 patients were randomly assigned at 49 sites, 956 to the ticagrelor group and 954 to the clopidogrel group. 15 patients were excluded from the ticagrelor group and 12 from the clopidogrel group. At 48 h, the primary outcome was observed in 334 (35%) of 941 patients in the ticagrelor group and 341 (36%) of 942 patients in the clopidogrel group (odds ratio [OR] 0·97, 95% CI 0·80-1·17; p=0·75). The primary safety outcome did not differ between the two groups, but minor bleeding events were more frequently observed with ticagrelor than clopidogrel at 30 days (105 [11%] of 941 patients in the ticagrelor group vs 71 [8%] of 942 patients in the clopidogrel group; OR 1·54, 95% CI 1·12-2·11; p=0·0070).Interpretation: Ticagrelor was not superior to clopidogrel in reducing periprocedural myocardial necrosis after elective PCI and did not cause an increase in major bleeding, but did increase the rate of minor bleeding at 30 days. These results support the use of clopidogrel as the standard of care for elective PCI.Funding: ACTION Study Group and AstraZeneca.

Published
2020

31. Influence of uncertainties on the positioning of cable-driven parallel robots

Author

Merlet, Jean-Pierre, HExapode, PHysiologie, AssISTance et Objets de Service (HEPHAISTOS), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), ANR-19-P3IA-0002,3IA@cote d'azur,3IA Côte d'Azur(2019), Merlet, Jean-Pierre, and 3IA Côte d'Azur - - 3IA@cote d'azur2019 - ANR-19-P3IA-0002 - P3IA - VALID

Subjects
Index terms: parallel robot cable-driven parallel robot, accuracy, [INFO.INFO-RB] Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO], [INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO], uncertainties
Abstract

International audience; Positioning accuracy of cable-driven parallel robots is influenced by many factors such as geometry, actuator sensor accuracy and disturbances in the applied wrench. Another uncertainty source is the elasticity of the cables. While the influence of many factors may be decreased by calibration and/or sensor fusion, elasticity parameters are difficult to estimate and their effect on the positioning errors has yet to be determined. In this paper we consider a generic cable model that include cable elasticity and the effect of cable weight and we propose a generic algorithm that allows one to safely calculate the minimum and maximum of the positioning error at a given pose when the elasticity parameters are constrained to lie within some given bounds. The algorithm is designed for being able to manage the effect of different uncertainties sources and we compare the influence of elasticity versus the effect of uncertainties in the cable lengths.

Published
2019

32. How Beamforming Can Solve the Brain Source Imaging Problem?

Author

Laurent Albera, Amar Kachenoura, Michel Rochette, Isabelle Merlet, Paul Berraute, Laboratoire Traitement du Signal et de l'Image (LTSI), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Scheme (programming language), Beamforming, Computer science, Location awareness, Context (language use), 02 engineering and technology, Filter (signal processing), computer.software_genre, 01 natural sciences, Task (project management), beamforming, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, 0203 mechanical engineering, 0103 physical sciences, Task analysis, epilepsy, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Source imaging, Brain source imaging, computer, Algorithm, inverse problem in EEG, computer.programming_language
Abstract

International audience; Localizing and reconstructing the time course of spatially distributed sources from electroencephalographic recordings is a challenging task in beamforming. Indeed, the location of the dipoles constituting a given spatially distributed source must be known in advance to create a filter that will not cancel them out. In this paper, we present a new scheme named SABLE which uses Sparsity And Beamforming for brain source Localisation and Estimation without requiring such a prior. SABLE shows how the two beamforming steps (i.e. filtering and localization) can be merged and extended to deal with spatially distributed sources by modeling the hyper synchronous nature of their activity. Numerical experiments show the good behaviour of the SABLE technique in the context of epilepsy. © 2021 IEEE.

Published
2021

33. Efficient kinematics of a 2-1 and 3-1 CDPR with non-elastic sagging cables

Author

Jean-Pierre Merlet, HExapode, PHysiologie, AssISTance et Objets de Service (HEPHAISTOS), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), and Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)

Subjects
Physics, direct kinematics, 0209 industrial biotechnology, Single variable, cable-driven parallel robot, sagging cable, Inverse kinematics, Inverse, inverse kinematics, 02 engineering and technology, Mechanics, Kinematics, System of linear equations, Square (algebra), Preliminary analysis, [SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic, [SPI.MECA.GEME]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanical engineering [physics.class-ph], 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, 0203 mechanical engineering, [INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO], Point (geometry)
Abstract

International audience; Solving the kinematics of CDPR is complex as soon as cable sagging is taken into account. We are considering here CDPRs having 2 cables whose extremities are attached at the same point on the platform (i.e. CDPRs allowing only translational motion). Regarding the cables we assume that they are nonelastic but have a mass so that they will exhibit sagging. We first show that the inverse and direct kinematics (IK and DK) amount to solve a square system of equations. We then show that these systems of equations may be reduced to solving an equation in a single variable that cannot be solved analytically but can easily be solved numerically. Using this result we show that the sagging will play a role on the result of the IK/FK only if the load mass is lower than a threshold. We then present some preliminary results regarding the case of 3 cables which is much more complex: the IK may be reduced to solving an equation in a single variable but this solving is numerically difficult. Here again it seems that sagging may be neglected if the load mass is high enough. We also present a preliminary analysis of the 3-1 case.

Published
2021

34. Maximal cable tensions of a N-1 cable-driven parallel robot with elastic or ideal cables

Author

Jean-Pierre Merlet, HExapode, PHysiologie, AssISTance et Objets de Service (HEPHAISTOS), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), and Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)

Subjects
0209 industrial biotechnology, cable-driven parallel robot, Ideal (set theory), Computer science, Parallel manipulator, 02 engineering and technology, Workspace, Cable tension, [SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic, Design phase, Computer Science::Robotics, cable tension, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, static, 0203 mechanical engineering, Control theory, Robot, Cable driven, [INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO], Point (geometry), [MATH]Mathematics [math]
Abstract

International audience; Determining what will be the maximal cable tensions of a cabledriven parallel robot (CDPR) when it moves over a given workspace is an important step in the design phase as it will allow to choose the cable diameter and to provide a requested information for tuning the CDPR actuation. In this paper we consider a suspended N-1 CDPR with n cables where all cables are attached at the same point, which leads to a 3-dof robot. We assume a quasi-static behavior of the robot and assume that the cable are either ideal or elastic so that we neglect the sagging effect. Under these assumption we show that the maximum of the cable tensions may be determined in a very fast way by solving a set of secondorder polynomials which will lead to the poses at which the maximum of each cable tension will occur. For example for a four-cables CDPR determining the maximal cable tension requires to solve at most 149 second order polynomials.

Published
2021

35. Strong approximation in h-mass of rectifiable currents under homological constraint

Author

Luca Alberto Davide Ferrari, Benoît Merlet, Antonin Chambolle, Centre de Mathématiques Appliquées - Ecole Polytechnique (CMAP), École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Reliable numerical approximations of dissipative systems (RAPSODI ), Laboratoire Paul Painlevé - UMR 8524 (LPP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Laboratoire Paul Painlevé (LPP), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Centre de Mathématiques Appliquées - Ecole Polytechnique ( CMAP ), École polytechnique ( X ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Reliable numerical approximations of dissipative systems ( RAPSODI ), Laboratoire Paul Painlevé - UMR 8524 ( LPP ), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Inria Lille - Nord Europe, and Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria )

Subjects
[ MATH.MATH-OC ] Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], Applied Mathematics, 010102 general mathematics, [ MATH.MATH-FA ] Mathematics [math]/Functional Analysis [math.FA], [MATH.MATH-FA]Mathematics [math]/Functional Analysis [math.FA], 01 natural sciences, Functional Analysis (math.FA), Mathematics - Functional Analysis, 010101 applied mathematics, Combinatorics, Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, [ MATH.MATH-AP ] Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP], Chain (algebraic topology), Optimization and Control (math.OC), FOS: Mathematics, Even and odd functions, [MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP], [MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], 0101 mathematics, Mathematics - Optimization and Control, Analysis, Geometry and topology, Mathematics, Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
Abstract

Let h : ℝ → ℝ + {h:\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}_{+}} be a lower semicontinuous subbadditive and even function such that h ⁢ ( 0 ) = 0 {h(0)=0} and h ⁢ ( θ ) ≥ α ⁢ | θ | {h(\theta)\geq\alpha|\theta|} for some α > 0 {\alpha>0} . If T = τ ⁢ ( M , θ , ξ ) {T=\tau(M,\theta,\xi)} is a k-rectifiable chain, its h-mass is defined as 𝕄 h ⁢ ( T ) := ∫ M h ⁢ ( θ ) ⁢ 𝑑 ℋ k . \mathbb{M}_{h}(T):=\int_{M}h(\theta)\,d\mathcal{H}^{k}. Given such a rectifiable flat chain T with 𝕄 h ⁢ ( T ) < ∞ {\mathbb{M}_{h}(T) and ∂ ⁡ T {\partial T} polyhedral, we prove that for every η > 0 {\eta>0} , it decomposes as T = P + ∂ ⁡ V {T=P+\partial V} with P polyhedral, V rectifiable, 𝕄 h ⁢ ( V ) < η {\mathbb{M}_{h}(V) and 𝕄 h ⁢ ( P ) < 𝕄 h ⁢ ( T ) + η {\mathbb{M}_{h}(P) . In short, we have a polyhedral chain P which strongly approximates T in h-mass and preserves the homological constraint ∂ ⁡ P = ∂ ⁡ T {\partial P=\partial T} . When h ′ ⁢ ( 0 + ) {h^{\prime}(0^{+})} is well defined and finite, the definition of the h-mass extends as a finite functional on the space of finite mass k-chains (not necessarily rectifiable). We prove in this case a similar approximation result for finite mass k-chains with polyhedral boundary. These results are motivated by the study of approximations of 𝕄 h {\mathbb{M}_{h}} by smoother functionals but they also provide explicit formulas for the lower semicontinuous envelope of T ↦ 𝕄 h ⁢ ( T ) + 𝕀 ∂ ⁡ S ⁢ ( ∂ ⁡ T ) {T\mapsto\mathbb{M}_{h}(T)+\mathbb{I}_{\partial S}(\partial T)} with respect to the topology of the flat norm.

Published
2021

36. Pathogen‐mediated selection favours the maintenance of innate immunity gene polymorphism in a widespread wild ungulate

Author

Pauline Hessenauer, Nicolas Morellet, Maxime Galan, Erwan Quéméré, Hélène Verheyden, Yannick Chaval, Emmanuelle Gilot-Fromont, Marie Fernandez, Joël Merlet, Nathalie Charbonnel, Unité de recherche Comportement et Ecologie de la Faune Sauvage (CEFS), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), LTSER ZA PYRenees GARonne, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Écologie et santé des écosystèmes (ESE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval), Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (UMR CBGP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, This work was supported by the French National Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Research (INRAE)., AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Département des Sciences du Bois et de la Forêt, Faculté de Foresterie, Géographie et Géomatique, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, habitat heterogeneity, balancing selection, Toll-like genes, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Balancing selection, Major histocompatibility complex, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Capreolus, Genotype, Animals, roe deer, Selection, Genetic, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Genetics, Genetic diversity, Innate immune system, Polymorphism, Genetic, biology, Deer, [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, Toll-Like Receptors, Heterozygote advantage, biology.organism_classification, Immunity, Innate, TLR2, [SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, 030104 developmental biology, biology.protein, antagonistic effects, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract

International audience; Toll-like Receptors (TLR) play a central role in recognition and host frontline defence against a wide range of pathogens. A number of recent studies have shown that TLR genes (Tlrs) often exhibit large polymorphism in natural populations. Yet, there is little knowledge on how this polymorphism is maintained and how it influences disease susceptibility in the wild. In previous work, we showed that some Tlrs exhibit similarly high levels of genetic diversity as genes of the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC), and signatures of contemporary balancing selection in roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), the most abundant cervid species in Europe. Here, we investigated the evolutionary mechanisms by which pathogen-mediated selection could shape this innate immunity genetic diversity by examining the relationships between Tlr (Tlr2, Tlr4 and Tlr5) genotypes (heterozygosity status and presence of specific alleles) and infections with Toxoplasma and Chlamydia, two widespread intracellular pathogens known to cause reproductive failure in ungulates. We showed that Toxoplasma and Chlamydia exposures vary significantly across year and landscape structure with few co-infection events detected, and that the two pathogens exert antagonistic selection on Tlr2 polymorphism. By contrast, we found limited support for Tlr heterozygote advantage. Our study confirmed the importance of looking beyond Mhc genes in wildlife immunogenetic studies. It also emphasized the necessity to consider multiple pathogen challenges and their spatiotemporal variation to improve our understanding of vertebrate defence evolution against pathogens.

Published
2021

37. Optimization of PCM based thermal management device for power electronics using an effective thermal conductivity model for architected enhancers

Author

Thomas Merlet, Edwin Hang Tong Teo, Dunlin Tan, Jerome Foncin, Hongling Li, Romain Hubert, Philippe Pernod, Philippe Coquet, Jong Jen Yu, Olivier Bou-Matar, Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Acoustique Impulsionnelle & Magnéto-Acoustique Non linéaire - Fluides, Interfaces Liquides & Micro-Systèmes - IEMN (AIMAN-FILMS - IEMN), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), CNRS International NTU THALES Research Alliance (UMI CINTRA), THALES-Nanyang Technological University [Singapour]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CINTRA / SEEE Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Technological University [Singapour], Thales Air Systems, Thales Group [France], Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), THALES [France], Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), CNRS International - NTU - Thales Research Alliance (CINTRA), THALES [France]-Nanyang Technological University [Singapour]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and The authors would like to thank Djamila BAHLOUL-HOURLIER (IEMN, CNRS) for her help in the Differential Scanning Calorimetry measurements.

Subjects
melting, Materials science, Enthalpy of fusion, thermal energy storage, Enclosure, latent heat, Conductivity, Thermal energy storage, 7. Clean energy, Phase-change material, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Thermal conductivity, phase change materials, thermal management (packaging), Latent heat, Power electronics, thermal conductivity, Composite material
Abstract

International audience; Phase Change Material (PCM) have been widely used for thermal energy storage due to their high latent heat of fusion. Several types of PCM are available and can be selected to meet the required melting temperature and latent heat value. However their low thermal conductivity drastically reduces their performances. Without thermal conductivity enhancement, melting would mainly occur at the interface between the heated surface and the PCM, and would slowly spread in the bulk of the PCM. In that sens the use of fillers is necessary. We present here a study on the use of metallic lattice structure as PCM enhancers. In this paper we illustrate the use of a Effective Thermal Conductivity (ETC) model for four different lattice structures to optimize a PCM based device for the thermal management of power electronics. The optimization is done in terms of device overall dimensions (especially its height) but also in term of composite (or enhanced PCM) enclosure. Actually the composite needs to be enclosed to avoid leaking but the enclosure also serves a heat spreading role which is studied here.

Published
2021

38. Variations de la représentation des élèves sur le numérique à l'École en fonction des espaces-temps entre 2008 et 2018Mise en perspective de trois études de cas en France

Author

Cerisier, Jean-François, Merlet-Fortin, Sylvie, Pierrot, Laëtitia, Solari Landa, Melina, Technologies Numériques pour l'éducation (TECHNÉ - EA 6316), and Université de Poitiers

Subjects
scolarisation du numérique, jeunes, 4. Education, school, youngsters, école, [SHS.INFO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences, Social Sciences, representations of digital techniques, school incorporation of digital techniques, représentations du numérique, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

L’appropriation des techniques numériques à des fins d’apprentissages scolaires constitue l’un des enjeux du numérique pour l’éducation. L’approche techno-pédagogique trouve ses limites pour appréhender la dynamique de ce processus. Des études conduites à plusieurs années d’intervalle montrent un affaiblissement significatif de la place du numérique dans les représentations que les élèves du secondaire se font de l’École. Notre article interroge la façon dont la scolarisation du numérique influence la représentation que les jeunes se construisent du numérique à l’école., One of the main issues about using digital technology for learning purposes at school regards its inclusion by students. The techno pedagogical approach showed its limits and, several studies conducted 10 years apart reveal that French students from middle and high school allocate less space to digital technology in the representations that they have of schooling. Based on these findings, this paper examines how the representation that students are building up about digital technology at school gets influenced by the way technology is schooled.

Published
2021

39. Explainability of Deep SAR ATR Through Feature Analysis

Author

Alessio Balleri, Carole Belloni, Thomas Merlet, Nabil Aouf, Jean-Marc Le Caillec, Centre for Electronic Warfare, Cranfield University, Defence Academy of the United Kingdom, Shrivenham, SN6 8LA, UK, Département lmage et Traitement Information (IMT Atlantique - ITI), IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), City University of London, Equipe Marine Mapping & Metrology (Lab-STICC_M3), Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), and THALES

Subjects
Synthetic aperture radar, Computer science, Feature extraction, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, Aerospace Engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Convolutional neural network, law.invention, Deep Learning, Automatic target recognition, 0203 mechanical engineering, [STAT.ML]Statistics [stat]/Machine Learning [stat.ML], law, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Radar, [STAT.CO]Statistics [stat]/Computation [stat.CO], Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Features, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 020301 aerospace & aeronautics, Orientation (computer vision), business.industry, Deep learning, Pattern recognition, Explainability, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, ComputingMethodologies_PATTERNRECOGNITION, Computer Science::Graphics, ATR, Clutter, Artificial intelligence, business, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, [MATH.MATH-NA]Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA], SAR
Abstract

Understanding the decision-making process of deep learning networks is a key challenge that has rarely been investigated for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. In this article, a set of new analytical tools is proposed and applied to a convolutional neural network (CNN) handling automatic target recognition on two SAR datasets containing military targets. First, an analysis of the respective influence of target, shadow, and background areas on classification performance is carried out. The shadow appears to be the least used portion of the image affecting the decision process, compared to the target and clutter, respectively. Second, the location of the most influential features is determined with classification maps obtained by systematically hiding specific target parts and registering the associated classification rate relative to the images to be classified. The location of the image areas without which classification fails is target type and orientation specific. Nonetheless, a strong contribution of specific parts of the target, such as the target top and the areas facing the radar, is noticed. Finally, results show that features are increasingly activated along the CNN depth according to the target type and its orientation, even though target orientation is absent from the loss function.

Published
2021

40. On the Tightness of Bounds for Transients and Weak CSR Expansions in Max-Plus Algebra

Author

Merlet, Glenn, Nowak, Thomas, Sergeev, Sergei, Institut de Mathématiques de Marseille (I2M), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Systèmes parallèles (LRI) (ParSys - LRI), Laboratoire de Recherche en Informatique (LRI), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Birmingham [Birmingham], and Arxiv

Subjects
[MATH.MATH-CO]Mathematics [math]/Combinatorics [math.CO], Mathematics::General Topology
Abstract

20 pages, 3 figures; International audience; We study the transients of matrices in max-plus algebra. Our approach is based on the weak CSR expansion. Using this expansion, the transient can be expressed by $\max\{T_1,T_2\}$, where $T_1$ is the weak CSR threshold and $T_2$ is the time after which the purely pseudoperiodic CSR terms start to dominate in the expansion. Various bounds have been derived for $T_1$ and $T_2$, naturally leading to the question which matrices, if any, attain these bounds. In the present paper we characterize the matrices attaining two particular bounds on $T_1$, which are generalizations of the bounds of Wielandt and Dulmage-Mendelsohn on the indices of non-weighted digraphs. This also leads to a characterization of tightness for the same bounds on the transients of critical rows and columns. The characterizations themselves are generalizations of those for the non-weighted case.

Published
2021

41. New bounds on the periodicity transient of the powers of a tropical matrix: Using cyclicity and factor rank

Author

Thomas Nowak, Glenn Merlet, Sergei Sergeev, Arthur Kennedy-Cochran-Patrick, Institut de Mathématiques de Marseille (I2M), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Numerical Analysis, Algebra and Number Theory, AMS : 15A18, 15A23, 90B35, 010102 general mathematics, Mathematics::General Topology, 010103 numerical & computational mathematics, Mathematics - Rings and Algebras, MESH: Max-plus, matrix powers, transient, periodicity, digraphs, 01 natural sciences, Graph, Combinatorics, Rings and Algebras (math.RA), 15A18, 15A23, 90B35, FOS: Mathematics, Discrete Mathematics and Combinatorics, Mathematics - Combinatorics, Geometry and Topology, Combinatorics (math.CO), 0101 mathematics, [MATH]Mathematics [math], Mathematics
Abstract

Building on the weak CSR approach developed in a previous paper by Merlet, Nowak and Sergeev, we establish new bounds for the periodicity threshold of the powers of a tropical matrix. According to that approach, bounds on the ultimate periodicity threshold take the form of T=max(T_1,T_2), where T_1 is a bound on the time after which the weak CSR expansion starts to hold and T_2 is a bound on the time after which the first CSR term starts to dominate. The new bounds on T_1 and T_2 established in this paper make use of the cyclicity of the associated graph and the (tropical) factor rank of the matrix, which leads to much improved bounds in favorable cases. For T_1, in particular, we obtain new extensions of bounds of Schwarz, Kim and Gregory-Kirkland-Pullman, previously known as bounds on exponents of digraphs. For similar bounds on T_2, we introduce the novel concept of walk reduction threshold and establish bounds on it that use both cyclicity and factor rank., Comment: 37 pages

Published
2021

42. Stochastic homogenization of the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation

Author

Alouges, François, de Bouard, Anne, Merlet, Benoît, Nicolas, Léa, Centre de Mathématiques Appliquées - Ecole Polytechnique (CMAP), École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Paul Painlevé (LPP), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Reliable numerical approximations of dissipative systems (RAPSODI ), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Laboratoire Paul Painlevé - UMR 8524 (LPP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Inria Lille - Nord Europe

Subjects
[MATH.MATH-PR]Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR], [MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP]
Abstract

International audience; Following the ideas of V. V. Zhikov and A. L. Pyatnitski, and more precisely the stochastic two-scale convergence, this paper establishes a homogenization theorem in a stochastic setting for two nonlinear equations : the equation of harmonic maps into the sphere and the Landau-Lifschitz equation. These equations have strong nonlinear features, in particular, in general their solutions are not unique.; En suivant les idées de V. V. Zhikov et A. L. Pyatnitski, et plus précisément la convergence stochastique à deux échelles, cet article établit un théorème d'homogénéisation dans un cadre stochastique pour deux équations non linéaires : l'équation des applications harmoniques à valeurs dans la sphère et l'équation de Landau-Lifschitz. Ces équations sont non linéaires, et, en général, leurs solutions ne sont pas uniques.

Published
2021

43. Mitophagy of polarized sperm-derived mitochondria after fertilization

Author

Karinna Rubio-Peña, Sara Al Rawi, Fanny Husson, France Lam, Jorge Merlet, Vincent Galy, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), HAL-SU, Gestionnaire, and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, 02 engineering and technology, [SDV.BC.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology/Subcellular Processes [q-bio.SC], Mitochondrion, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Live cell imaging, Mitophagy, medicine, [SDV.BC.BC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology/Subcellular Processes [q-bio.SC], lcsh:Science, [SDV.BDLR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Reproductive Biology, Membrane potential, Multidisciplinary, Chemistry, Autophagy, [SDV.BDLR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Reproductive Biology, Cell Biology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Oocyte, Sperm, Heteroplasmy, 3. Good health, Cell biology, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Reproductive Medicine, lcsh:Q, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

Summary Loss of membrane potential of sperm mitochondria has been regarded as the first step preceding mitophagy degradation after their entry into the C. elegans oocyte at fertilization. This is in line with the classical view of mitophagy of defective or abnormal mitochondria and could serve as a recognition signal for their specific and quick autophagy degradation. Here, using TMRE (tetramethylrhodamine ethyl ester) and live imaging we show that this is not the case. Instead, sperm inherited mitochondria show a stable labeling with TMRE before and at the time of autophagosomes formation. Interestingly, this labeling remains in late-stage-embryos of autophagy-defective-mutants suggesting that the loss of membrane potential occurs upon the entry of the mitochondria into the autophagy pathway. These stabilized and still polarized sperm mitochondria remain distinct but associated with the maternal-derived mitochondrial network suggesting a mechanism that prevents their fusion and represents an efficient additional protective system against fertilization-induced heteroplasmy., Graphical abstract, Highlights • Oocyte-derived mitochondria become tubular only during the first zygotic division • Sperm mitochondria can not fuse but associate with the oocyte-derived mitochondria • Sperm mitochondria are still polarized when engulfed for autophagy degradation, Reproductive Medicine; Cell Biology

Published
2021

44. Pushing the limits of a Differential Quantum Gravimeter

Author

Lautier-Gaud, Jean, Janvier, Camille, Menoret, Vincent, Merlet, Sebastien, Landragin, Arnaud, Pereira dos Santos, Franck, Desruelle, Bruno, and Pereira Dos Santos, Franck

Subjects
[PHYS] Physics [physics]
Abstract

Measuring the acceleration of the Earths gravity g and the gravity gradient simultaneously and at the same location promises to provide enhance information about the distribution of underground masses, especially at shallow depths [1]. Quantum sensors relying on Atom Interferometry with laser cooled-atoms [2,3] is a technology of choice to implement such new sensing capability and an industry-grade demonstrator has been recently developed. We present the performance of the device that has been integrated and discuss its stationary measurement capability, with the demonstration of a resolution below 1E for the measurement of the vertical gravity gradient (1E = 10-9 s-2 = 0.1 Gal/m) and 0.5 Gal for the measurement of g. In order to illustrate the potential for mass balance monitoring and gravity survey we will present a proof-of-principle experiment with realistic masses and measurement durations. The compactness of the instrument and the field-tested technology [4] on which it is based allows to consider the deployment of this new sensor in real environment as a future short-term outcome to investigate both spatial and temporal mass balance in the field. Promising case studies will be discussed, as this type of sensor can sense mass changes that are not detected by gravimeters. [1] G. Pajot, O. de Viron, M. M. Diament, M. F. Lequentrec-Lalancette, V. Mikhailov, Geophysics 73, 123 (2008) [2] R.Geiger, A.Landragin, S.Merlet, F. Pereira Dos Santos, AVS QuantumScience 2, 024702(2020) [3] V. Menoret et al., "Gravity measurements below 109 g with a transportable absolute quantum gravimeter", Nature Scientific Reports, vol. 8, 12300 (2018) [4] A.-K. Cooke, C. Champollion, N. Le Moigne, Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems Discussions 2020, 1 (2020)

Published
2021

45. Influenza vaccination and prognosis of COVID ‐19 in hospitalized patients with diabetes: Results from the CORONADO study

Author

Diallo, A, Pichelin, Matthieu, Wargny, Matthieu, Gourdy, Pierre, Bonnet, JB, Hadjadj, Samy, Cariou, Bertrand, Sultan, Ariane, Galtier, Florence, Mahot, Pascale, Fournier‐Guilloux, Anne‐Laure, Mauduit, Nicolas, Bigot‐corbel, Edith, Boureau, Anne‐Sophie, Dekcer, Laure, Ernould, Audrey, Primot, Claire, Seguin, Anne, Joliveau, Marielle, Pouvreau, Sonia, FOURNIER, Chloé, Thureau, Jeremy, Fonteneau, Edith, Hublain, Pamela, Nantes, Chu, Agasse, Carole, Kergaradec, Mathilde DE, Minville, Vincent, Vardon‐Bounes, Fanny, Martin‐Blondel, Guillaume, Tramunt, Blandine, Turnin, Marie‐Christine, Hanaire, Hélène, Mansuy, Jean‐Michel, Fabre, Didier, Arhainx, Marie‐Blanche, Cazals, Laurent, Combes, Laure, Lami, Emmanuelle, Cianferani, Mallory, Megarbane, Bruno, Leroy, Pierre, Gautier, Jean‐François, Vidal‐Trecan, Tiphaine, Riveline, Jean‐Pierre, Laplanche, Jean‐Louis, Mouly, Stéphane, Potier, Louis, Roussel, Ronan, Taher, Malak, Abouleka, Yawa, Yaker, Fetta, Carlier, Aurelie, Boutten, Anne, Hallot‐Feron, Marilyne, Mourah, Fadila, Thivolet, Charles, Blond, Emilie, Rolland, Muriel, Mendez, Josep Verdecho, Alexandre, Marine, Pottecher, Julien, Richer, Emilie, Meyer, Laurent, Luca, Florina, Lessinger, Jean‐Marc, Bahougne, Thibault, Guerci, Bruno, Ludwig, Lisa, Benzirar, Siham, Malaplate, Catherine, Matton, Thierry, Poissy, Julien, Faure, Karine, Fontaine, Pierre, Baudoux, Florence, Vambergue, Anne, Pekar, Jean David, Lambert, Marc, Yelnik, Cécile, Bruandet, Amélie, Petit, Laurent, Neau, Didier, Rigalleau, Vincent, Berard, Annie, Galioot, Amandine, Coudroy, Remy, Thille, Arnaud, Robert, René, Roblot‐Cazenave, France, Rammaert, Blandine, Saulnier, Pierre Jean, Piguel, Xavier, Benhenda, Nesrine, Husson, Camille, Olivier, Celine, Torremocha, Florence, Fraty, Mathilde, d'assigny, Marie Flamen, Miot, Aurelie, Bossard, Valentin, Klouche, Kada, Makinson, Alain, Bonnet, Jean‐Baptiste, Foulongne, Vincent, Aubron, Cécile, Ansart, Séverine, Kerlan, Véronique, Quiniou, Pascale, Carre, Jean‐Luc, Quesnot, Stéphane, Laviolle, Bruno, Schwebel, Carole, Epaulard, Olivier, Benhamou, Pierre‐Yves, Betry, Cécile, Borel, Anne‐Laure, Lablanche, Sandrine, Guergour, Dorra, Duclos, Catherine, Cosson, Emmanuel, Guyot, Erwan, Deniau, Aurore, Nguyen, Phucthutrang, Reznik, Yves, Joubert, Michael, Allouche, Stéphane, Guittet, Lydia, Grange, Steven, Etienne, Manuel, Prévost, Gaëtan, Brunel, Valéry, Lagier, Jean‐Christophe, Raoult, Didier, Dutour, Anne, Gaborit, Bénédicte, Boulllu, Sandrine, Darmon, Patrice, Lasbleiz, Adèle, Cerino, Mathieu, Romain, Fanny, Houssays, Marie, Quenot, Jean Pierre, Piroth, Lionel, Vergès, Bruno, Duvillard, Laurence, Bonnotte, Bernard, Mercat, Alain, Dubee, Vincent, Allix, Ingrid, Rodien, Patrice, Dhersin, Robin, Lebeault, Maylis, Trzepizur, Wojciech, Loison, Jocelyne, Brangier, Antoine, Asfar, Pierre, Reynier, Pascal, Larcher, Françoise, Joubaud, Françoise, Andreu, Marie‐Rita, Urbanski, Geoffrey, Hubert, Laurent, Annweiler, Cedric, Dellamonica, Jean, Courjon, Johan, Chevalier, Nicolas, Chinetti, Giulia, Chafai, Magda, Mourvillier, Bruno, Bani‐Sadr, Firouze, Barraud, Sarra, Delemer, Brigitte, Gillery, Philippe, Labedade, Pascale, Chabrol, Amélie, Penfornis, Alfred, Petit, Catherine, Amadou, Coralie, Adler, Maxime, Dubost, Clément, Conan, Pierre‐Louis, Bordier, Lyse, Ceppa, Franck, Garcia, Cyril, Sollier, Mathilde, Dupuy, Olivier, Laplance, Sophie, Billuart, Olivier, Aroulanda, Marie Joseph, Olivier, Frédérique, Ayon, Florence, Wilhelm, Nathalie, Epelboin, Loic, Sabbah, Nadia, Charpin, Aurelie, Squara, Pierre, Belliard, Olivier, Dubois, Claude, Marre, Michel, Auchabie, Johann, Courtois, Roxane, Duriez, Thierry, Mergey, Tiphaine, Vallee, Laura, Seguin, Laetitia, Al‐Salameh, Abdallah, Lanoix, Jean‐Philippe, Soriot‐Thomas, Sandrine, Bourgeois‐Descouls, Anne‐Marie, Desailloud, Rachel, Germain, Natacha, Galusca, Bogdan, Belleton, Gwenaelle, Marouani, Nesrine, Palaghiu, Delia, Hammour, Amira, Berdaguer, Fernando, Klopfenstein, Thimothée, Zayet, Hajer, Winiszewski, Patrice, Zanusso, Marie, Garnier, Pauline, Julier, Ingrid, Hamzaoui, Karim, Marty‐Gres, Sophie, Sadki, Tarik, Cadot, Lucile, Dubost, Jean‐Louis, Gonfroy, Céline, Campinos, Catherine, Martres, Pascale, Coulhon, Marie Pierre, Allou, Nicolas, Bachir, Marwa, Hoang, Stella, Kembellec, Candice, Suply, Olivia, Kharcha, Fatima, Devouge, Anne‐Claire, Flaus‐Furmanuk, Anna, Madeline, Isabelle, Ehinger, Vincent, Bastard, Sophie, Raffray, Loic, Renou, Frederic, Bojarski, Aude, Paul, Caroline, Borsu, Karine, Gorlin, Angelique, Bernardo, Servane, Ut, Carole Truong, Renaud, Stephane, Vignoles, Antoine, Foch, Emilie, Masse, Laurie, Grand, Hubert, Ferrand, Helene, Raffaitin‐Cardin, Christelle, Zellagui, Hadjer, Castang‐Brachet, Celine, Boury, Frederique, Tena, Ana Alvarez, Moura, Isabelle, Kalfon, Pierre, Darasteanu, Juliana, Monier, Arnaud, Foucault, Pascal, Depuille, Alexandra, Laugier‐Robiolle, Stéphanie, Caneiro, Patrick, Basso, Maud, Larger, Etienne, Bouam, Samir, Benzenati, Wahiba, Bachir, Leila Ait, Pillegand, Camille Cussac, Vasse, Marc, Michard, Christophe, Montanier, Nathanaëlle, Millot, Luc, Crepet, Françoise, Ratsimba, Danielle, Bouiller, Kevin, Borot, Sophie, Bruckert, Isabelle, Clergeot, Annie, Schillo, Franck, Vignes, Dorothée, Bourgeon‐Ghittori, Muriel, Lachgar, Hamoud, Cursay, Claire Lambert DE, Levante, Stéphane, Auregan, Jean Charles, Merlet, Antoine, Zaragoza, Cécile, Arnault, Gwénaëlle, Loupp, Anne‐Gaëlle, Lesieur, Olivier, Roncato‐Saberan, Mariam, Gouet, Didier, Lemarie, Romain, Allano, Hong_an, Vivier, Emmanuel, Pariset, Caroline, Luyton, Cédric, Marchand, Lucien, Doroszewski, Fanny, Pecquet, Matthieu, Perard, Laurent, Vuillermoz‐Blas, Sylvie, Kacki, Nicolas, Charrier, Patricia, Ducet‐Boiffard, Amélie, Roure, Françoise Desroys, Bourron, Olivier, Bonnefont‐Rousselot, Dominique, Laroche, Suzanne, Phan, Franck, Hartemann, Agnès, CAUSSY, Cyrielle, Disse, Emmanuel, Guerin, Claude, Perpoint, Thomas, Moulin, Philippe, CARTIER, RÉGINE, Hariri, Geoffroy, Chopin, Dorothée, Vatier, Camille, Bourcigaux, Nathalie, Chaigneau, Emmanuelle, Christin‐Maitre, Sophie, Donadille, Bruno, Feve, Bruno, Lamothe, Sophie, Sarfati, Julie, Pernet, Pascal, Chambon, Anne, Demarsy, Delphine, Campagne, Hugo, Latil‐Plat, Françoise, Berne, Monica, Grinand, Marilyne, Touzet, Marion, Zabulon, Aydrey, Craspag, Jocelyne, Ledoux, Catherine, Contaret, Cedric, Janand‐Delenne, Blandine, Giraud, Anaïs, Lacrimini, Marie Lou, Arrivie, Joëlle, Ancelle, Deborah, Guillois, Carine, Fremy, Bénédicte, Chaalal, Amina, Barrande, Gaëlle, Dorange, Anne, Rouanet, Eglantine, Seret‐Begue, Dominique, Saoud, Audrey, Guedj, Anne‐Marie, Bedos, Nathalie, Velayoudom, Fritz‐Line, Dumas, Marie, Gonda, Benoite, Coffin, Christine, Gibiat, Stéphanie, Lungo, Myriam, Bully, Chantal, Serusclat, Pierre, Bully, Stella, Carre, Patricia, Leberre, Jean‐Philippe, Elkhoury, Carlos, THIEUX, Marine, Paradisi‐Prieur, Laetitia, Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles [U 1046] (PhyMedExp), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)

Subjects
2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Hospitalized patients, Influenza vaccine, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Influenza, Human, Internal Medicine, Diabetes Mellitus, Research Letter, Medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, Vaccination, COVID-19, medicine.disease, Prognosis, Research Letters, 3. Good health, Hospitalization, Propensity score matching, business
Abstract

International audience

Published
2021

46. Excellent performance of anaerobic membrane bioreactor in treatment of distillery wastewater at pilot scale

Author

Rayen Filali, Laure Deschamps, David Merlet, Tiphaine Clément, Michel Lopez, Julien Lemaire, Nabila Imatoukene, Marc-André Theoleyre, Centre Européen de Biotechnologies et Bioéconomie (CEBB), Agro-Biotechnologies Industrielles (ABI), AgroParisTech, Agro-Industrie Recherches et Développements, Green Chemistry Department, and TMA Process

Subjects
[SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, Hydraulic retention time, 02 engineering and technology, Wastewater treatment, 010501 environmental sciences, Membrane bioreactor, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, 020401 chemical engineering, Anaerobic digestion, Bioreactor, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, 0204 chemical engineering, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, Waste Management and Disposal, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Chemistry, Process Chemistry and Technology, Membrane fouling, Pulp and paper industry, Biogas production, 6. Clean water, Wastewater, Packed-bed bioreactor, Sewage treatment, Anaerobic exercise, Biotechnology
Abstract

International audience; A pilot-scale anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) was designed and optimized for the treatment of real distillery wastewater. A low hydraulic retention time of 3.5 days was reached after only 3 weeks. The AnMBR could treat up to 3.97 g COD /L/day with high biogas production at 1.36 NL biogas /L bioreactor /day. The performances of an AnMBR and an anaerobic packed-bed bioreactor for treating the same wastewater were compared. The AnMBR had a shorter start-up period (21 days), a higher COD removal efficiency (96.9 %), and higher stability and methane production (0.26 L CH4 /g CODinput), indicating the interest of investigating AnMBR industrialization. The membrane performance was also studied, demonstrating a long cleaning cycle interval of at least 44 days. The transmembrane pressure and Food-to-Microorganism ratio were defined to minimize membrane fouling without affecting the anaerobic digestion performance.

Published
2021

47. Évaluation du lien performance – patrimoine des réseaux d’eau potable

Author

Husson, Alain, Merlet, Caroline, Le Gat, Yves, Renaud, Eddy, Environnement, territoires et infrastructures (UR ETBX), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), INRAE - OFB, and INRAE

Subjects
[SDE]Environmental Sciences, Réseau d'eau potable, Indicateurs de performance techniques, patrimoine des réseaux d'eau potable
Abstract

Les paramètres de performance sont étudiés à l'échelle des services puis à l'échelle de secteurs hydrauliques pour mieux maitriser les éléments de contexte et l'homogénéité des caractéristiques des réseaux concernés et déterminer un lien éventuel avec les caractéristiques patrimoniale du réseau. L’étude du VNC ne rend pas compte de la performance d’un service car il dépend de sa taille. L’IVNC, qui prend en compte la taille du service, est très dépendant de l’urbanisation du service, ce qui masque l’impact du patrimoine. Le VNC/N est indépendant de l’urbanisation des services , cependant ces variations dépendent, de toute évidence de paramètres de contexte qui ont une plus grande importance que le patrimoine et qui n’ont pas pu être identifiés.L’étude à l’échelle des secteurs a permis d’écarter certains éléments de contexte présents à l’échelle nationale sans mettre en évidence l'impact du patrimoine, les débits de pertes semblant plutôt liés à des facteurs locaux tel que la qualité d'exploitation du réseau. Les taux de casses ont pu être reliés à l'urbanisation, à l'aléa retrait gonflement des argiles, mais dépendent d'autres facteurs non identifiés.En conclusion il apparait que les paramètres de contexte (l’urbanisation, la nature du terrain, la gestion et l’exploitation du réseau, etc.) ont un impact sur la performance qui, dans nos approches statistiques, masque celui que pourrait avoir le patrimoine (année de pose , matériau ou diamètre des canalisations).A ce stade, il n’est donc pas pertinent de proposer un indicateur ou une méthode qui permette de moduler les objectifs de performance du service du point de vue des pertes en fonction des caractéristiques qualitatives du réseau.

Published
2020

48. Évaluation du lien performance – patrimoine des réseaux d’eau potable: Axe 1 : Indicateurs techniques de la performance : Rapport final

Author

Husson, Alain, Merlet, Caroline, Le Gat, Yves, Renaud, Eddy, Environnement, territoires et infrastructures (UR ETBX), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), INRAE - OFB, and INRAE

Subjects
[SDE]Environmental Sciences, Réseau d'eau potable, Indicateurs de performance techniques, patrimoine des réseaux d'eau potable
Abstract

Les paramètres de performance sont étudiés à l'échelle des services puis à l'échelle de secteurs hydrauliques pour mieux maitriser les éléments de contexte et l'homogénéité des caractéristiques des réseaux concernés et déterminer un lien éventuel avec les caractéristiques patrimoniale du réseau. L’étude du VNC ne rend pas compte de la performance d’un service car il dépend de sa taille. L’IVNC, qui prend en compte la taille du service, est très dépendant de l’urbanisation du service, ce qui masque l’impact du patrimoine. Le VNC/N est indépendant de l’urbanisation des services , cependant ces variations dépendent, de toute évidence de paramètres de contexte qui ont une plus grande importance que le patrimoine et qui n’ont pas pu être identifiés.L’étude à l’échelle des secteurs a permis d’écarter certains éléments de contexte présents à l’échelle nationale sans mettre en évidence l'impact du patrimoine, les débits de pertes semblant plutôt liés à des facteurs locaux tel que la qualité d'exploitation du réseau. Les taux de casses ont pu être reliés à l'urbanisation, à l'aléa retrait gonflement des argiles, mais dépendent d'autres facteurs non identifiés.En conclusion il apparait que les paramètres de contexte (l’urbanisation, la nature du terrain, la gestion et l’exploitation du réseau, etc.) ont un impact sur la performance qui, dans nos approches statistiques, masque celui que pourrait avoir le patrimoine (année de pose , matériau ou diamètre des canalisations).A ce stade, il n’est donc pas pertinent de proposer un indicateur ou une méthode qui permette de moduler les objectifs de performance du service du point de vue des pertes en fonction des caractéristiques qualitatives du réseau.

Published
2020

49. Ku-Band Lightweight Aluminium Waveguides Fabricated by Direct Metal Laser Sintering Process

Author

El Oualkadi Ahmed, Chairi Youssef, Amiaud Anne-Charlotte, Reklaoui Kamal, Le Gouguec Thierry, Rozenn Allanic, Merlet Thomas, Quendo Cedric, Abedrrabba Sarra, Lab-STICC_UBO_MOM_DIM, Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO), Thales LAS France, Laboratoire des Technologies de l'Information et de la Communication (Labtic), and Ecole Nationale des Sciences Appliquées [Tanger] (ENSAT)

Subjects
Materials science, Direct metal laser sintering, business.industry, Additive manufacturing, Lightweight, 3D printing, 3D metal printing, Waveguide (optics), Ku band, law.invention, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, Selective laser sintering, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, law, Optoelectronics, Insertion loss, Waveguide, Radio frequency, [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, business, Microwave
Abstract

International audience; This paper attempts to establish a good base for weight-reduction technique of microwave devices using 3D printing techniques. Experimental studies to minimize the weight of radiofrequency waveguides printed using additive manufacturing techniques are presented. Two types of Kuband rectangular waveguides (perforated and full-metal) have been printed using direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) process. The insertion losses increased by ~1.2 dB/m after applying 1 mm grids which reduces the weight of Ku-band rectangular waveguide by ~17.5%. Comparison between these measurements and those of a waveguide manufactured by conventional method was used to determine process loss. The insertion losses of full-metal waveguide manufactured using DMLS process increase by ~0.7 dB/m compared to the conventional one. Finally, RF measurements of waveguides manufactured using DMLS process show a good agreement with the simulation results.

Published
2020

50. L'intégration du Tableau Numérique Interactif aux pratiques professionnelles des enseignants de FLE : fonctions pour les stratégies d'enseignement et reconfigurations pédagogiques

Author

Merlet, Elise, Interactions, Corpus, Apprentissages, Représentations (ICAR), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-INRP-Ecole Normale Supérieure Lettres et Sciences Humaines (ENS LSH)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon, Nicolas Guichon, and École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-INRP-Ecole Normale Supérieure Lettres et Sciences Humaines (ENS LSH)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Intégration, Reflexivity, Integration, Educational reconfiguration, Reconfiguration pédagogique, Interactive Whiteboard, FLE, Professionalism, Tableau Numérique Interactif, Réflexivité, French as foreign language, Professionnalité, [SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, Enseignement
Abstract

The purpose of this research is to examine the uses of the interactive whiteboard in the context of teaching-learning French as a foreign language and to question the criteria of teachers when they decide to use, or not to use, the IWB in the context of their professional activity. This study places teachers' actions and reflections at the heart of observation and analysis by examining the various components of the process of organizing and developing their professional activity. One of the objectives of this work is to understand what conditions the uses of a new tool such as the IWB as well as the instrumentation of pedagogical practices by giving voice to practitioners and by analysing the manifestations of their professionalism. The analysis focuses on (1) the uses of the IWB and the format of the didactic interactions instrumented with this tool, (2) the potential of the interactive whiteboard that teachers identify, or do not identify, for serving their teaching approaches, (3) challenges inherent in integrating this tool into the professional activity of teachers. The study presents mixed results as regards to the possibilities of acting in class with the interactive whiteboard: although the teachers associate functionalities of the tool with teaching strategies, the identification of their potential for acting as a teacher remains subject to many conditions. This study wishes to contribute to the development of professional training for teachers by proposing avenues for reflection on the commitment of the reflexive competence of practitioners when considering the integration of a tool such as IWB into their teaching practices and educational reconfigurations associated with the instrumentation process.; Cette recherche a pour objet les utilisations du tableau numérique interactif dans le contexte de l’enseignement-apprentissage du français langue étrangère et interroge les critères des enseignants au moment où ils décident d’utiliser, ou de ne pas utiliser, le TNI dans le cadre de leur activité professionnelle. Cette étude place l’action et la réflexion des enseignants au cœur de l’observation et de l’analyse en examinant les différentes composantes du processus d’organisation et de développement de leur activité professionnelle. Un des objectifs de ce travail est de comprendre ce qui conditionne les utilisations d’un nouvel outil tel que le TNI ainsi que l’instrumentation des pratiques pédagogiques en donnant la parole aux praticiens et en analysant les manifestations de leur professionnalité. L’analyse s’intéresse (1) aux utilisations du TNI et au format des interactions didactiques instrumentées avec cet outil, (2) aux potentialités du tableau que les enseignants reconnaissent, ou pas, pour servir leurs stratégies de transmission, (3) aux enjeux inhérents à l’intégration de cet outil à l’activité professionnelle des enseignants. L’étude présente un constat mitigé des possibilités d’agir en classe avec le tableau numérique : bien que les enseignants associent des fonctionnalités de l’outil à des stratégies d’enseignement, la reconnaissance de leurs potentialités pour l’agir professoral reste soumise à de nombreuses conditions. Cette étude souhaite contribuer à l’évolution de la formation professionnelle des enseignants en proposant des pistes de réflexion sur l’engagement de la compétence réflexive des praticiens au moment de considérer l’intégration d’un outil tel que le TNI à leurs pratiques pédagogiques et les reconfigurations pédagogiques associées au processus d’instrumentation.

Published
2020

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