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1. Interactions between trans-resveratrol and CpLIP2 lipase/acyltransferase: Evidenced by fluorescence and in silico

Author

Thi-Nga Nguyen, Ferial Terki, Claudine Charpentier, Christian Jay-Allemand, Clarence Charnay, Quang-Hung Tran, Luc P. R. Bidel, Eric Dubreucq, Véronique Perrier, Ingénierie des Agro-polymères et Technologies Émergentes (UMR IATE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM ICMMM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), eV-Technologies, Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles [U 1046] (PhyMedExp), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), scientific and innovative research investment program, prematuration Hemosens-2017-006697 of Occitanie region, France, PhD grant from the Medicinal Chemistry Project – Vietnam Ministry of Industry and Trade, Vietnam Ministry of Education and Training (No. 4772/QĐ/BGDĐT), and Campus France (No. 883333H), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, and AIGLe, ICG

Subjects
Trans-resveratrol, Candida parapsilosis, Interaction, Stereochemistry, ETS-NOCV, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Molecular Docking Simulation, DFT, Fluorescence, Analytical Chemistry, Docking, Fungal Proteins, Hydrophobic effect, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, Catalytic Domain, [CHIM] Chemical Sciences, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Computer Simulation, Enzyme Inhibitors, Lipase, Binding site, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Fungal protein, Binding Sites, biology, Chemistry, organic chemicals, 010401 analytical chemistry, Tryptophan, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Medicine, 040401 food science, 3. Good health, 0104 chemical sciences, Resveratrol, Docking (molecular), Acyltransferase, biology.protein, Thermodynamics, Food Science
Abstract

We have examined the trans-resveratrol/lipase interaction by quantitative and qualitative analyses of fluorescence spectra, molecular docking and quantum-chemical calculations at DFT level. Interactions of CpLIP2 from C. parapsilosis CBS 604 and trans-resveratrol were confirmed with a major contribution of tryptophan residues to fluorescence quenching. A thermodynamic study across a wide temperature range was consistent with the presence of a single binding site with a binding free energy of −24 kJ/mol. Nevertheless, trans-resveratrol competitively inhibited CpLIP2 activity. Molecular docking and quantum-chemical calculations were consistent with a strong binding of trans-resveratrol to the CpLIP2 catalytic site via electrostatic and hydrophobic forces. The structural analysis quantitatively revealed an energy transfer from W51 and W350 to trans-resveratrol with a distance of 32 A. Precise understanding of trans-resveratrol/CpLIP2 interactions has important implications on lipases for screening of stilbenoid.

Published
2020
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2. The bitter Asteraceae: An interesting approach to delay the metabolic syndrome progression

Author

Abdulmonem Awwad, Luc P. R. Bidel, Didier Tousch, Arezki Yanis Idres, Patrick Poucheret, Démarche intégrée pour l'obtention d'aliments de qualité (UMR QualiSud), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Démarche intégrée pour l'obtention d'aliments de qualité (UMR Qualisud), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Avignon Université (AU)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Antioxidant, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], lcsh:TX341-641, Hydroxycinnamic acids, medicine.disease_cause, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Insulin resistance, Medicine, 2. Zero hunger, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, Nutrition and Dietetics, lcsh:TP368-456, Traditional medicine, biology, business.industry, Insulin, Chlorogenic acid, Asteraceae, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Obesity, Metabolic syndrome, 3. Good health, lcsh:Food processing and manufacture, Chicoric acid, 030221 ophthalmology & optometry, Bitter Asteraceae, business, lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply, Oxidative stress, Food Science
Abstract

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (METS) directly correlates with the prevalence of obesity, and it is associated with several other risk factors. Among them, chronic inflammation, oxidative stress and insulin resistance might be reduced in order to delay the progression of METS. The first management of METS involves physical exercises and a suitable diet. Many Asteraceae are plants commonly consumed. The bitter Asteraceae known for their health effect are traditionally used as bitter drinks. Their particularly rich contents in sesquiterpene lactones and hydroxy-cinnamic acids mainly in caffeoyl derivatives, confer to these plants good anti-METS potential. These compounds are known for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and insulin sensitizing effects and confer to bitter Asteraceae the potential to be good candidate products to delay METS. Keywords: Metabolic syndrome, Bitter Asteraceae, Hydroxycinnamic acids, Chicoric acid, Chlorogenic acid

Published
2020
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3. Deciphering the complex architecture of an herb using micro-computed X-ray tomography, with an illustrated discussion on architectural diversity of herbs

Author

Guillaume Chomicki, Christian Jay-Allemand, Yannick M. Staedler, Jürg Schönenberger, Susanne S. Renner, Luc P. R. Bidel, Systematic Botany and Mycology, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna [Vienna], Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Ingénierie des Agro-polymères et Technologies Émergentes (UMR IATE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), University of Vienna, and Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, plant architecture, food.ingredient, Context (language use), Plant Science, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, stolon, Centella, food, Monopodial, Botany, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Leafy, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 2. Zero hunger, electron microscopy, Stolon, 15. Life on land, Meristem, Sympodial, Inflorescence, Herb, 010606 plant biology & botany, Apiaceae, architecture de la plante
Abstract

Differing from most animals, plants have an indeterminate body plan, allowing them to add new body parts throughout their lifetime. The realized modular construction of a plant is the result of endogenous processes and exogenous constraints. Plant architectural analysis provides a holistic approach to whole-plant development by disentangling endogenous processes from exogenous constraints. Such analyses have focused more on trees than herbs. We here report a rare growth form discovered in the tropical herb Centella asiatica (Apiaceae) using micro-computed X-ray tomography to understand organogenesis in the meristem. Seeds of C. asiatica germinate to give rise to an orthotropic monochasium (sympodium) with terminal inflorescences. A stolon subsequently emerges from the oldest leaf axils of the sympodium. The primary growth of stolons is indeterminate (monopodial), and they only bear scale leaves. The stolon not only produces new leafy sympodial shoots at each node but also an axillary inflorescence. To place this growth form in context, we illustrate all architectural models so far reported from herbs. Our study highlights the complexity of herb architectures and illustrates the use of a novel methodology to decipher plant branching modes.

Published
2018
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4. Functionalized Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticle with Antioxidants as a New Carrier That Generates Lower Oxidative Stress Impact on Cells

Author

Saher Rahmani, Jean-Olivier Durand, Patrick Balaguer, Clarence Charnay, Eric Badia, Jean-Paul Cristol, Abdelhay Boulahtouf, Raymond Ebabe Elle, Marion Morena, Luc P. R. Bidel, Céline Lauret, Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles [U 1046] (PhyMedExp), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM ICMMM), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de biochimie [Montpellier], Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Lapeyronie, INRA Montpellier, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM - U1194 Inserm - UM), CRLCC Val d'Aurelle - Paul Lamarque-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), CRLCC Val d'Aurelle - Paul Lamarque-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), MORNET, Dominique, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM), and Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Antioxidant, Cell Survival, NF-E2-Related Factor 2, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Catechols, Pharmaceutical Science, 02 engineering and technology, medicine.disease_cause, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Antioxidants, Nrf2, catechol antioxidant, 03 medical and health sciences, Rutin, chemistry.chemical_compound, Caco-2 cell line, Cell Line, Tumor, Drug Discovery, medicine, Humans, antioxidative response, Chemistry, Transfection, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Silicon Dioxide, Hydroquinones, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], HaCaT, Oxidative Stress, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Biochemistry, Cell culture, HaCaT cell line, Biophysics, mesoporous silica nanoparticle, Molecular Medicine, Nanoparticles, Quercetin, Caco-2 Cells, 0210 nano-technology, Keratinocyte, Oxidative stress
Abstract

UMR AGAP équipe DAAV Diversité, adaptation et amélioration de la vigne; International audience; Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) were covalently coated with antioxidant molecules, namely, caffeic acid (MSN-CAF) or rutin (MSN-RUT), in order to diminish the impact of oxidative stress induced after transfection into cells, thus generating safer carriers used for either drug delivery or other applications. Two cellular models involved in the entry of NPs in the body were used for this purpose: the intestinal Caco-2 and the epidermal HaCaT cell lines. Rutin gave the best results in terms of antioxidant capacities preservation during coupling procedures, cellular toxicity alleviation, and decrease of ROS level after 24 h incubation of cells with grafted nanoparticles. These protective effects of rutin were found more pronounced in HaCaT than in Caco-2 cells, indicating some cellular specificity toward defense against oxidative stress. In order to gain more insight about the Nrf2 response, a stable transfected HaCaT cell line bearing repeats of the antioxidant response element (ARE) in front of a luciferase reporter gene was generated. In this cell line, both tBHQ and quercetin (Nrf2 agonists), but not rutin, were able to induce, in a dose-dependent fashion, the luciferase response. Interestingly, at high concentration, MSN-RUT was able to induce a strong Nrf2 protective response in HaCaT cells, accompanied by a comparable induction of HO-1 mRNA. The level of these responses was again less important in Caco-2 cells. To conclude, in keratinocyte cell line, the coupling of rutin to silica nanoparticles was beneficial in term of ROS reduction, cellular viability, and protective effects mediated through the activation of the Nrf2 antioxidant pathway.

Published
2016
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5. Mapping the genetic and tissular diversity of 64 phenolic compounds in Citrus species using a UPLC-MS approach

Author

Audray Dugrand, Yann Froelicher, Frédéric Bourgaud, Anne Laure Fanciullino, Thibault Duval, Marie Durand-Hulak, Luc P. R. Bidel, Christian Jay-Allemand, Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement (LAE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Diversité, adaptation, développement des plantes (UMR DIADE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Unité de recherche Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles (PSH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and Collectivite Terrotoriale de Corse

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Citrus, F60 - Physiologie et biochimie végétale, Metabolite, [SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy, high-throughput method, Plant Science, Health benefits, Biology, 01 natural sciences, Sensitivity and Specificity, UPLC-MS, Mass Spectrometry, F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes, chemistry.chemical_compound, Species Specificity, Botany, Cluster Analysis, Cultivar, Q04 - Composition des produits alimentaires, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, 2. Zero hunger, coumarins, Plant Extracts, 010401 analytical chemistry, Polyphenols, food and beverages, tissue diversity, 15. Life on land, biosynthetic pathway, Phenolic compounds, 0104 chemical sciences, Biosynthetic Pathways, Tissue specificity, Plant Leaves, Biochemistry, chemistry, Polyphenol, Organ Specificity, Fruit, flavonoids, phylogenetic relationships, Uplc ms ms, U30 - Méthodes de recherche, Orchard, Technical Article, Food quality, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; Background and Aims Phenolic compounds contribute to food quality and have potential health benefits. Consequently, they are an important target of selection for Citrus species. Numerous studies on this subject have revealed new molecules, potential biosynthetic pathways and linkage between species. Although polyphenol profiles are correlated with gene expression, which is responsive to developmental and environmental cues, these factors are not monitored in most studies. A better understanding of the biosynthetic pathway and its regulation requires more information about environmental conditions, tissue specificity and connections between competing sub-pathways. This study proposes a rapid method, from sampling to analysis, that allows the quantitation of multiclass phenolic compounds across contrasting tissues and cultivars. Methods Leaves and fruits of 11 cultivated citrus of commercial interest were collected from adult trees grown in an experimental orchard. Sixty-four phenolic compounds were simultaneously quantified by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Key Results Combining data from vegetative tissues with data from fruit tissues improved cultivar classification based on polyphenols. The analysis of metabolite distribution highlighted the massive accumulation of specific phenolic compounds in leaves and the external part of the fruit pericarp, which reflects their involvement in plant defence. The overview of the biosynthetic pathway obtained confirmed some regulatory steps, for example those catalysed by rhamnosyltransferases. The results suggest that three other steps are responsible for the different metabolite profiles in `Clementine' and `Star Ruby' grapefruit. Conclusions The method described provides a high-throughput method to study the distribution of phenolic compounds across contrasting tissues and cultivars in Citrus, and offers the opportunity to investigate their regulation and physiological roles. The method was validated in four different tissues and allowed the identification and quantitation of 64 phenolic compounds in 20 min, which represents an improvement over existing methods of analysing multiclass polyphenols.

Published
2015
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6. Dynamics of flavonol accumulation in leaf tissues under different UV-B regimes in [i]Centella asiatica[/i] (Apiaceae)

Author

Zoran G. Cerovic, Virginie Petit, Laurence Mondolot, Julien Soulé, Marc Coumans, Fabien Bonini, Kevin S. Gould, Yves Baissac, Philippe La Fisca, Alain Loiseau, Guillaume Chomicki, Luc P. R. Bidel, Christian Jay-Allemand, Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Systematic Botany and Mycology, Department of Biology, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille - Luminy (CIML), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Diversité, adaptation, développement des plantes (UMR DIADE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), HealthCare SAS Division, Bayer, Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Biological Sciences [Wellington, New Zealand], Victoria University of Wellington, Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Ludwig-Maximilians University [Munich] (LMU), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Flavonols, Ultraviolet Rays, Plant Science, 01 natural sciences, biospectroscopy, 03 medical and health sciences, light acclimation, Botany, Genetics, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Daily exposure, Cumulative effect, polyphenols, 030304 developmental biology, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, Apiaceae, Centella, dualex, Epidermis (botany), biology, biology.organism_classification, uv-b absorption, Plant Leaves, chemistry, Polyphenol, Time course, centella asiatica, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

UMR AGAP - équipe DAAV - Diversité, adaptation et amélioration de la vigne; A cumulative effect of UV-B doses on epidermal flavonol accumulation was observed during the first week of a time course study in Centella asiatica (Apiaceae). However, once flavonol levels had peaked, additional accumulation was possible only if higher daily UV-B irradiances were applied. We aimed to understand the dynamics of flavonol accumulation in leaf tissues using non-destructive spectroscopy and HPLC-mass spectrometry. When leaves that had grown without UV-B were given brief daily exposures to low-irradiance UV-B, they accumulated flavonols, predominantly kaempferol-3-O-beta-d-glucuronopyranoside and quercetin-3-O-beta-d-glucuronopyranoside, in their exposed epidermis, reaching a plateau after 7 days. More prolonged UV-B exposures or higher doses eventually augmented flavonol concentrations even in non-exposed tissues. If UV-B irradiance was subsequently reduced, leaves appeared to lose their ability to accumulate further flavonols in their epidermis even if the duration of daily exposure was increased. A higher irradiance level was then necessary to further increase flavonol accumulation. When subsequently acclimated to higher UV-B irradiances, mature leaves accumulated less flavonols than did developing ones. Our study suggests that levels of epidermal flavonols in leaves are governed primarily by UV-B irradiance rather than by duration of exposure.

Published
2015
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7. The velamen protects photosynthetic orchid roots against UV-B damage, and a large dated phylogeny implies multiple gains and losses of this function during the Cenozoic

Author

Yves Baissac, Mario Coiro, Guillaume Chomicki, Christian Jay-Allemand, Luc P. R. Bidel, Susanne S. Renner, Feng Ming, Xuan Zhang, Yaofeng Wang, Systematic Botany and Mycology, Department of Biology, University of Munich, Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Institute of Plant Biology [Shanghai], Fudan University [Shanghai], State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Plant Biochemistry, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Diversité, adaptation, développement des plantes (UMR DIADE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Ministry of Agriculture of China 2008ZX08009-001-008 Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai 12ZR1402300 American Society of Plant Biology, Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Science, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)

Subjects
Chalcone synthase, epiphytes, Time Factors, Ultraviolet Rays, Physiology, Velamen, AERIAL ROOTS, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Plant Science, Biology, Photosynthesis, Plant Roots, chalcone synthase, Glucosides, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Stress, Physiological, Phylogenetics, orchids, Aerial root, Botany, Gene family, RELAXED-CLOCK, Apigenin, Orchidaceae, Chlorophyll fluorescence, Crosses, Genetic, Phylogeny, velamen, FLOWERING PLANTS, ORIGIN, UV-B, dated phylogeny, gene duplication, 15. Life on land, CRASSULACEAN ACMETABOLISM, MOLECULAR EVOLUTION, VASCULAR EPIPHYTES, SOLAR-RADIATION, PHILLYREA-LATIFOLIA, flavonoids, biology.protein, Epiphyte, SYNTHASE MULTIGENE FAMILY, Acyltransferases
Abstract

SummaryUV-B radiation damage in leaves is prevented by epidermal UV-screening compounds that can be modulated throughout ontogeny. In epiphytic orchids, roots need to be protected against UV-B because they photosynthesize, sometimes even replacing the leaves. How orchid roots, which are covered by a dead tissue called velamen, avoid UV-B radiation is currently unknown. We tested for a UV-B protective function of the velamen using gene expression analyses, mass spectrometry, histochemistry, and chlorophyll fluorescence in Phalaenopsis × hybrida roots. We also investigated its evolution using comparative phylogenetic methods. Our data show that two paralogues of the chalcone synthase (CHS) gene family are UV-B-induced in orchid root tips, triggering the accumulation of two UV-B-absorbing flavonoids and resulting in effective protection of the photosynthetic root cortex. Phylogenetic and dating analyses imply that the two CHS lineages duplicated c. 100 million yr before the rise of epiphytic orchids. These findings indicate an additional role for the epiphytic orchid velamen previously thought to function solely in absorbing water and nutrients. This new function, which fundamentally differs from the mechanism of UV-B avoidance in leaves, arose following an ancient duplication of CHS, and has probably contributed to the family's expansion into the canopy during the Cenozoic.

Published
2015
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8. Water shortage and quality of fleshy fruits—making the most of the unavoidable

Author

Luc P. R. Bidel, Félicie Lopez-Lauri, Nadia Bertin, Michael Staudt, Julie Ripoll, Laurent Urban, Unité de recherche Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles (PSH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), EA 4279 Laboratoire Physiologie des Fruits et Légumes, Avignon Université (AU), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3), Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), and Financial support was provided by the Federative Research Structure ‘Tersys’ and by the DynRurABio project.

Subjects
Physiology, Natural resource economics, media_common.quotation_subject, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Deficit irrigation, Phytochemicals, Water supply, Plant Science, volatile metabolome, Biology, Water scarcity, Production (economics), [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Quality (business), Irrigation management, Productivity, media_common, 2. Zero hunger, business.industry, Global warming, fungi, fruit quality, Water, food and beverages, 15. Life on land, Droughts, irrigation management, Agronomy, 13. Climate action, Fruit, adaptation and interaction mechanisms, business, Water shortage
Abstract

International audience; Extreme climatic events, including drought, are predicted to increase in intensity, frequency, and geographic extent as a consequence of global climate change. In general, to grow crops successfully in the future, growers will need to adapt to less available water and to take better advantage of the positive effects of drought. Fortunately, there are positive effects associated with drought. Drought stimulates the secondary metabolism, thereby potentially increasing plant defences and the concentrations of compounds involved in plant quality, particularly taste and health benefits. The role of drought on the production of secondary metabolites is of paramount importance for fruit crops. However, to manage crops effectively under conditions of limited water supply, for example by applying deficit irrigation , growers must consider not only the impact of drought on productivity but also on how plants manage the primary and secondary metabolisms. This question is obviously complex because during water deficit, trade-offs among productivity, defence, and quality depend upon the intensity, duration, and repetition of events of water deficit. The stage of plant development during the period of water deficit is also crucial, as are the effects of other stressors. In addition, growers must rely on relevant indicators of water status, i.e. parameters involved in the relevant metabolic processes, including those affecting quality. Although many reports on the effects of drought on plant function and crop productivity have been published, these issues have not been reviewed thus far. Here, we provide an up-to-date review of current knowledge of the effects of different forms of drought on fruit quality relative to the primary and secondary metabolisms and their interactions. We also review conventional and less conventional indicators of water status that could be used for monitoring purposes, such as volatile compounds. We focus on fruit crops owing to the importance of secondary metabolism in fruit quality and the importance of fruits in the human diet. The issue of defence is also briefly discussed.

Published
2014
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9. Chemical Analysis and Antihyperglycemic Activity of an Original Extract from Burdock Root (Arctium lappa)

Author

Anne-Dominique Lajoix, Michel Tournier, Marie Faucanie, Hugues Chevassus, Jérémy Leroy, Luc P. R. Bidel, Guillaume Cazals, Jacqueline Azay-Milhau, Karine Ferrare, Didier Tousch, Démarche intégrée pour l'obtention d'aliments de qualité (UMR Qualisud), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Biocommunication en Cardio-Métabolique (BC2M), Université de Montpellier (UM), Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron [Pôle Chimie Balard] (IBMM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM), Centre de pharmacologie et innovation dans le diabète (CPID), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Avignon Université (AU)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Male, Burdock root arctium lappa, Glucose uptake, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Quinic Acid, Carbohydrate metabolism, Plant Roots, Cell Line, Arctium lappa L. (Asteraceae), In vivo, in vitro investigations, Insulin Secretion, Animals, Hypoglycemic Agents, Insulin, Rats, Wistar, Insulin secretion, Muscle Cells, Plant Extracts, Chemistry, dried burdock root extract, antihyperglycemic effects, in vivo effects, General Chemistry, Glucagon, In vitro, Arctium, Rats, Caffeoylquinic acid, Glucose, Biochemistry, Cell culture, chemical analysis, Glucose-6-Phosphatase, Hepatocytes, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Abstract

In the present study, we obtained a dried burdock root extract (DBRE) rich in caffeoylquinic acids derivatives. We performed the chemical characterization of DBRE and explored its antihyperglycemic potential in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. Chemical analysis of DBRE using LC-MS and GC-MS revealed the presence of a great majority of dicaffeoylquinic acid derivatives (75.4%) of which 1,5-di-O-caffeoyl-4-O-maloylquinic acid represents 4496 of the extract. In the in vitro experiments, DBRE is able to increase glucose uptake in cultured L6 myocytes and to decrease glucagon-induced glucose output from rat isolated hepatocytes together with a reduction of hepatic glucose 6-phosphatase activity. DBRE did not increase insulin secretion in the INS-1 pancreatic beta-cell line. In vivo, DBRE improves glucose tolerance both after intraperitoneal and oral subchronic administration. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that DBRE constitutes an original set of caffeoylquinic acid derivatives displaying antihyperglycemic properties.

Published
2014
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10. A survey of mangiferin and hydroxycinnamic acid ester accumulation in coffee (Coffea) leaves: biological implications and uses

Author

Aaron P. Davis, Philippe La Fisca, Laurence Mondolot, Emmanuel Couturon, Arsene Rakotondravao, Christian Jay-Allemand, Jean-Jacques Rakotomalala, Annick Gargadennec, Claudine Campa, Luc P. R. Bidel, Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Laboratoire de Biochimie, Centre National de Recherche Appliquée au Développement Rural (FOFIFA), Diversité, adaptation, développement des plantes (UMR DIADE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Agence Universitaire Francophone (AUF), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3), Centre National de la Recherche Appliquée au Développement Rural, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, and Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Arabica coffee, Coumaric Acids, Canephora, Xanthones, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], C. arabica, Coffea, Plant Science, phenolic compounds, Biology, hydroxycinnamic acids, Photosynthesis, phylogeny, 01 natural sciences, mangiferin, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Species Specificity, Phylogenetics, chlorogenic acids, Botany, Hydroxybenzoates, Madagascar, Mangiferin, hybridization, 030304 developmental biology, Hybrid, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, C. canephora, robusta coffee, Genetic Variation, Esters, Original Articles, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Hydroxycinnamic acid, coffeeleaf tea, Plant Leaves, chemistry, Fruit, Africa, Crop Wild Relatives (CWRs), Composition (visual arts), 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS The phenolic composition of Coffea leaves has barely been studied, and therefore this study conducts the first detailed survey, focusing on mangiferin and hydroxycinnamic acid esters (HCEs). METHODS Using HPLC, including a new technique allowing quantification of feruloylquinic acid together with mangiferin, and histochemical methods, mangiferin content and tissue localization were compared in leaves and fruits of C. pseudozanguebariae, C. arabica and C. canephora. The HCE and mangiferin content of leaves was evaluated for 23 species native to Africa or Madagascar. Using various statistical methods, data were assessed in relation to distribution, ecology, phylogeny and use. KEY RESULTS Seven of the 23 species accumulated mangiferin in their leaves. Mangiferin leaf-accumulating species also contain mangiferin in the fruits, but only in the outer (sporophytic) parts. In both leaves and fruit, mangiferin accumulation decreases with ageing. A relationship between mangiferin accumulation and UV levels is posited, owing to localization with photosynthetic tissues, and systematic distribution in high altitude clades and species with high altitude representatives. Analyses of mangiferin and HCE content showed that there are significant differences between species, and that samples can be grouped into species, with few exceptions. These data also provide independent support for various Coffea lineages, as proposed by molecular phylogenetic analyses. Sampling of the hybrids C. arabica and C. heterocalyx cf. indicates that mangiferin and HCE accumulation may be under independent parental influence. CONCLUSIONS This survey of the phenolic composition in Coffea leaves shows that mangiferin and HCE accumulation corresponds to lineage recognition and species delimitation, respectively. Knowledge of the spectrum of phenolic accumulation within species and populations could be of considerable significance for adaptation to specific environments. The potential health benefits of coffee-leaf tea, and beverages and masticatory products made from the fleshy parts of Coffea fruits, are supported by our phenolic quantification.

Published
2012
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11. Biological Activity of Phenolics in Plant Cells

Author

Yves Baissac, Marc Coumans, Patrick Doumas, Christian Jay-Allemand, Luc P. R. Bidel, Diversité et adaptation des plantes cultivées (UMR DIAPC), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), and Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, UV-B RADIATION, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Vacuole, SATIVUM-L LEAVES, Biology, Mitochondrion, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE, STRESS SIGNALING PATHWAYS, Botany, AUXIN TRANSPORT INHIBITORS, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, PHOSPHATIDIC-ACID, DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN OXIDATION, Biological activity, Plant cell, SALICYLIC-ACID, Chloroplast, Biochemistry, PLASMA-MEMBRANE, ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience

Published
2008

12. Responses of epidermal phenolic compounds to light acclimation: In vivo qualitative and quantitative assessment using chlorophyll fluorescence excitation spectra in leaves of three woody species

Author

Zoran G. Cerovic, Yves Goulas, Y. Cadot, Sylvie Meyer, Luc P. R. Bidel, Diversité et adaptation des plantes cultivées (UMR DIAPC), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Unité expérimentale vigne et vin, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Chlorophyll, Greenhouse Effect, Time Factors, Light, BIOSPECTROSCOPY, LIGHT ACCLIMATION, Acclimatization, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 01 natural sciences, Plant Epidermis, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Hydroxybenzoates, UV-ABSORBERS, Chlorophyll fluorescence, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, Radiation, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, Lagerstroemia indica, Hydroxycinnamic acid, Lagerstroemia, Prunus, Chlorogenic Acid, Hydroxybenzoic acid, Coumaric Acids, Biophysics, Biology, LEAF POLYPHENOLS, Absorbance, 03 medical and health sciences, Chlorogenic acid, Phenols, Species Specificity, Botany, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, SHADING EFFECT, 030304 developmental biology, Flavonoids, Epidermis (botany), CHLORPHYLL FLUORESCENCE EXCITATION SPECTRA, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Plant Leaves, Spectrometry, Fluorescence, chemistry, Morus, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; Chlorophyll fluorescence (ChlF) excitation spectra were measured to assess the UV-sunscreen compounds accumulated in fully expanded leaves of three woody species belonging to different chemotaxons, (i.e. Morus nigra L., Prunus mahaleb L. and Lagerstroemia indica L.), grown in different light microclimates. The logarithm of the ratio of ChlF excitation spectra (logFER) between two leaves acclimated to different light microclimates was used to assess the difference in epidermal absorbance (EAbs). EAbs increased with increasing solar irradiance intercepted for the three species. This epidermal localisation of UV-absorbers was confirmed by the removal of the epidermis. It was possible to simulate EAbs as a linear combination of major phenolic compounds (Phen) identified in leaf methanol extracts by HPLC-DAD. Under UV-free radiation conditions, shaded leaves of M. nigra accumulated chlorogenic acid. Hydroxybenzoic acid (HBA) derivatives and hydroxycinnamic acid (HCA) derivatives greatly increased with increasing PAR irradiance under the low UV-B conditions found in the greenhouse. These traits were also observed for the HCA of the two other species. Flavonoid (FLAV) accumulation started tinder low UV-A irradiance, and became maximal in the adaxial epidermis of sun-exposed leaves outdoors. A decrease in the amount of HCA was observed concomitantly to the intense accumulation of FLAV for both leaf sides of the three species. Judging from the logFER, under low UV-B conditions, larger amounts of HCA are present in the epidermis in comparison to FLAV for the three species. Upon transition from the greenhouse to full sunlight outdoors, there was a decrease in leaf-soluble HCA that paralleled FLAV accumulation in reaction to increasing solar UV-B radiation in the three species. In M. nigra, that contains large amounts of HCA, the logFER analysis showed that this decrease occurred in the adaxial epidermis, whereas the abaxial epidermis, which is protected from direct UV-B radiation, continued to accumulate large amounts of HCA

Published
2007
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13. An improved method to measure spatial variation in root respiration : application to the taproot of a young peach tree Prunus persica

Author

Luc P. R. Bidel, Pierre Renault, Loïc Pagès, L.M. Rivière, ProdInra, Migration, Sciences Agronomiques Appliquées à l'Horticulture (SAGAH), Institut National d'Horticulture-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Angers (UA), Unité de Science du Sol, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Unité d'écophysiologie et horticulture

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Measurement method, [SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Microbial respiration, Chemistry, Ecology, Model study, Improved method, Taproot, Forestry, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 01 natural sciences, 010602 entomology, PECHER, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Agronomy and Crop Science, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

Cet article propose une methode de mesure locale de la respiration adaptee aux racinaires. Les racines sont incluses dans un gel d'agar permettant une mesure du gradient de concentration en oxygene a leur surface a l'aide d'une microelectrode. L'influence de la concentration du gel sur la diffusion de l'oxygene et l'influence des transferts longitudinaux a l'interieur des racines sont analysees. L'intensite respiratoire locale est deduite de l'ajustement d'un modele de diffusion et de consommation au profil de concentration en oxygene mesure par la microelectrode. Les meilleurs ajustements sont obtenus quand le modele decrit la diffusion dans le gel, la respiration racinaire, et une respiration microbienne autour des racines qui decline en s'en eloignant. Cette methode a ete utilisee pour mesurer l'intensite respiratoire de l'ensemble d'un pivot de Prunus persica (L.) Batsch. Les valeurs d'intensite respiratoire mesuree selon cette methode locale sont en accord avec celles etablies par chromatographie gazeuse pour l'ensemble de systemes racinaires similaires. En accord avec les resultats publies qui se limitaient a la zone en structure primaire, l'intensite respiratoire a presente un maximum dans la zone apicale en croissance, suivi d'un minimum, avant un retour a une valeur elevee dans la zone pilifere.

Published
2001

14. Mapping meristem respiration of Prunus persica (L.) Batsch seedlings : potential respiration of the meristems, O2 diffusional constraints and combined effects on root growth

Author

Luc P. R. Bidel, L.M. Rivière, P. Renault, Loïc Pagès, ProdInra, Migration, Sciences Agronomiques Appliquées à l'Horticulture (SAGAH), Institut National d'Horticulture-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Angers (UA), Unité de Science du Sol, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Unité d'écophysiologie et horticulture

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0303 health sciences, biology, Physiology, Rosaceae, REPARTITION SPATIALE, Taproot, Plant Science, Root system, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, Meristem, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Apex (geometry), [SDV.BV.BOT] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, 03 medical and health sciences, Botany, Respiration, PECHER, Respiration rate, Fruit tree, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Root system architecture partially results from meristem activities, which themselves depend on endogenous and environmental factors, such as O 2 depletion. In this study, meristem respiration and growth was measured in the root systems of three Prunus persica (L.) Batsch seedlings. The spatial distribution of meristem respiration within the root system was described, and the relationship between the respiration rates and meristem radii was analysed, using a model of radial O 2 diffusion and consumption within the root. Histological observations were also used to help interpret the results. Respiration rates were linearly correlated to the root growth rates (ρ 2 =0.9). Respiration reached values greater than 3.5 x 10 -13 mol O 2 s -1 for active meristems. The taproot meristem consumed more O 2 than the rest of the entire root system meristems. Similarly, the first order lateral meristems used more O 2 than the second order ones. A near hyperbolic relationship between respiration rates and meristem radii was observed. This can be explained by a model of radial O 2 diffusion and consumption within the root. Therefore, only one maximum potential respiration rate and one O 2 diffusion coefficient was estimated for all the meristems.

Published
2000

15. Tracing root development using the soft X-ray radiographic method, as applied to young cuttings of western red cedar (Thuja plicata)

Author

Luc P. R. Bidel, Loïc Pagès, L.M. Rivière, M. R. Mannino, Sciences Agronomiques Appliquées à l'Horticulture (SAGAH), Institut National d'Horticulture-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Angers (UA), Unité d'écophysiologie et horticulture, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and ProdInra, Migration

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Secondary growth, Radiography, Plant Science, Root system, Biology, 01 natural sciences, [SDV.BV.BOT] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, 03 medical and health sciences, Cutting, Botany, Primordium, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, MORPHOGENESE, 0303 health sciences, business.industry, fungi, Anatomy, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, biology.organism_classification, Thuja, Histolysis, Stele, business, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first soft X-ray radiographic study of the development of an entire young root system of western red cedar (Thuja plicata D. Don). The experimental device was adapted to radiographic constraints and allowed the plant to grow for several months. Successive radiographs revealed primary growth and differentiation, secondary growth, and primordium development. The younger (8-day-old) part of the root system appeared fully opaque. Afterwards, the stele and the cortex could be distinguished from each other progressively in a second zone where most of the primary differentiation had already occurred. Measuring early cambial growth was made possible by spacing the radiographs at 10-day intervals. Time-course developments of primordia and their histolysis cavities were traced for 8-15 days, depending on the sample. The acropetal sequences of primordia along the same adventitious root were shown. Primordia had different growth curves, most of which were nearly logistic. These meristems were produced by unequal primordia, which generated axes of unequal diameters. Our techniques provide new opportunities for understanding the differentiation of axes and defining potential root growth during primordium development.Key words: soft X-ray radiography, root development, primordia, root differentiation, radial growth, morphogenesis.

Published
1999

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