1. Granulomatous inflammation in cartilage-hair hypoplasia: Risks and benefits of anti–TNF-α mAbs
- Author
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Capucine Picard, Christine Bodemer, Kris De Boeck, Isabelle Meyts, Antoine Deschildre, Marianne Debré, Jaan Toelen, Alain Fischer, Carine Wouters, Felipe Suarez, Sylvie Fraitag, Carl E.I. Janssen, Despina Moshous, and Tania Roskams
- Subjects
Male ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Immunology ,Dermatitis ,Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation ,Osteochondrodysplasias ,Risk Factors ,Immunopathology ,Cartilage–hair hypoplasia ,Humans ,Transplantation, Homologous ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,Hirschsprung Disease ,Child ,Immunodeficiency ,Retrospective Studies ,Inflammation ,Granuloma ,Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ,business.industry ,Common variable immunodeficiency ,Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy ,Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ,Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes ,Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal ,Antibodies, Monoclonal ,medicine.disease ,Hypoplasia ,Child, Preschool ,Primary immunodeficiency ,Female ,business ,Hair - Abstract
Background Cartilage-hair hypoplasia (CHH) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by short-limbed skeletal dysplasia. Some patients also have defects in cell-mediated immunity and antibody production. Granulomatous inflammation has been described in patients with various forms of primary immunodeficiencies but has not been reported in patients with CHH. Objective We sought to describe granulomatous inflammation as a novel feature in patients with CHH, assess associated immunodeficiency, and evaluate treatment options. Methods In a retrospective observational study we collected clinical data on 21 patients with CHH to identify and further characterize patients with granulomatous inflammation. Results Four unrelated patients with CHH (with variable degrees of combined immunodeficiency) had epithelioid cell granulomatous inflammation in the skin and visceral organs. Anti–TNF-α mAb therapy in 3 of these patients led to significant regression of granulomas. However, 1 treated patient had fatal progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy caused by the JC polyomavirus. In 2 patients immune reconstitution after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation led to the complete disappearance of granulomas. Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of granulomatous inflammation in patients with CHH. Although TNF-α antagonists can effectively suppress granulomas, the risk of severe infectious complications limits their use in immunodeficient patients.
- Published
- 2011
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