Search

To report three-decade changes of clinical characteristics, progress of treatments, and risk factors associated with mortality and enucleation in patients with retinoblastoma in China.Retrospective cohort study.This multicenter study included 2552 patients diagnosed with retinoblastoma in 38 medical centers in 31 provinces in China from 1989 to 2017, with follow-up data. Kendall's tau-b value was used to describe correlation coefficients between the three eras (between 1989 and 2008, between 2009 and 2013, and between 2014 and 2017) and clinical or demographic features. Hazard ratios and odds ratios were applied to measure risk factors.A total of 324 (13%) patients died and 1414 (42%) eyes were removed. The 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year overall survival rates were 95%, 86%, and 83%, respectively. Patients were diagnosed at a better stage by International Classification for Retinoblastoma over time (Kendall's tau-b value = -0.084, P.001). Pathological risk factors were also observed less in recent eras. New conservative therapies were adopted and used in more patients. The eye removal rate gradually decreased (Kendall's tau-b value = -0.167, P.001). The overall survival rates were 81%, 83%, and 91% in the three eras. By multivariate Cox regression, bilateral tumors and extraocular extension were identified as risk factors for death. Among intraocular disease, Group E indicated higher risk of mortality. By multivariate logistics regression, unilateral tumors, earlier era of diagnosis, and extraocular extension were risk factors for eye salvage failure. Among intraocular retinoblastoma, Groups D and E had higher risk of eye salvage failure.Patients were diagnosed at an earlier stage in recent eras. Conservative therapies, including intra-arterial chemotherapy, were increasingly being used. The above changes may contribute to the decreasing enucleation rate. Although no significant impact was identified on the mortality by the three eras, a decreasing trend was shown.

Regofinib is a novel, oral, anticancer target which greatly improves survival of patients with colorectal cancer. However, it causes 47%-71% patients occur hand-foot skin reaction (HFSR), which affects the quality of life (QOL) or prognosis of patients. However targeted and effective methods are rare. The study attempted to test the efficacy of the compound traditional Chinese medicine (CTCM) oil in relieving HFSR and improving the QOL.The present study was conducted in 85 patients with metastatic colorectal cancer presenting with HFSR from July 2019 to June 2020. These patients were divided into the control group (The post-intervention HFSR remission rate was significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group (65.1% vs. 16.7%) (The CTCM oil can effectively alleviate HFSR and improve the QOL of patients using regorafenib.

The purposes of this study were to measure knowledge about opioid-induced respiratory depression (OIRD) among Chinese health care professionals and explore the associated factors that influence Chinese health care professionals' knowledge.A cross-sectional survey was conducted. A convenience sample of 900 Chinese health care professionals from 21 provinces, four municipalities, and four autonomous regions was used. The OIRD knowledge questionnaire, which is a self-designed questionnaire based on evidence, was used to judge the degree of knowledge among Chinese health care professionals according to the accuracy rate. The questionnaire included questions on six dimensions of knowledge. Sociodemographic characteristics were also measured by a multi-item questionnaire.The overall accuracy rate on the OIRD knowledge questionnaire for all participants were 64.5% ±10.0% (mean ± SD) with a range from 20% to 100%. According to univariate analysis, Chinese health care professionals' OIRD knowledge was positively correlated with age, region, profession, hospital level, type of hospitals and departments, education level, years of clinical working, and clinical practice of chronic cancer pain (CP) management. Multiple linear regression analysis showed differences in professions and regions (allMost Chinese health care professionals had misconceptions about OIRD and lacked relevant knowledge. We should assign importance to developing targeted training programs and exploring feasible and effective training methods.

Objective To explore the role of Forsythoside I (FI) in acute lung injury (ALI) mouse and its underling mechanism. Methods The cell models of ALI are constructed by LPS induction. After pretreatment with different concentrations of FI, the lung injury is assessed by pathological changes of lung tissues and cell apoptosis. The cell viability, levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the activation of TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway are inspected to investigate whether the effect of FI on inflammatory response is exerted by regulating the TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway. Results LPS induces inflammatory cell infiltration, tissue necrosis and pulmonary interstitial edema of mouse tissues, and LPS increases the protein concentration and levels of pro-inflammatory factors in mouse BALF. Additionally, enhanced cell apoptotic level, increased W/D ratio and MPO activity, as well as suppressed SOD activity are observed in LPS-induced mouse models. Those inflammation response, oxidative stress and lung injury can be attenuated by FI (12.5 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg) in a dose-dependent manner. Meanwhile, both in vitro and in vivo studies reveal that FI can lead to suppressed TXNIP expression and inactivated NLRP3 inflammasomes. TXNIP is an upstream target of NLRP3, and FI mitigates ALI by decreasing TXNIP to block NLRP3 inflammasomes. Conclusion FI protects against ALI through the mediation of TXNIP/NLRP3 inflammasome axis and therefore has a certain potential for ALI treatment.

High-temperature proton exchange membrane (HT-PEM) fuel cells were more useable than traditional low-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells. To investigate the current density distribution in a single HT-PEM fuel cell with a poly (2, 5-benzimidazole) membrane, a modified current distribution measuring device was developed. This device included not only a current distribution measuring gasket to collect local current but also a segmented gas diffusion layer (GDL) to hinder electron transfer in the GDL along the gas flow direction. The effects of this device installation configuration and operating conditions on the current density distribution were analyzed. One of the important findings was that proton transfer along an in-plane direction in the membrane and electron transfer along an in-plane direction in the GDL really occur in HT-PEM fuel cells. These results were very helpful for the optimization of the flow field and operating parameters of the HT-PEM fuel cells.

Graphite flake/Cu composite has attracted tremendous attention as a promising heat sinks materials owing to its easy machinability and superior thermal properties. However, its preparation process still faces several technological limitations including complex, time-consuming and costly synthetic approaches. In this work, a facile and scalable intermittently electroplated method is applied to prepare Cu-coated graphite flake composite powders, which are subsequently sintered into dense composite bulks. The results show that the graphite flake is successfully coated with a uniform and compact Cu shell, which effectively inhibits the segregation accumulation of graphite flakes and contributes to homogeneous distribution of graphite in the sintered graphite flake/Cu composites. The as-sintered composites exhibit an excellent thermal conductivity of 710 W·m−1·K−1 and an outstanding bending strength of 93 MPa. Such performance, together with the simple, efficient powder-preparation process, suggests that the present strategy may open up opportunities for the development of thermal management materials.