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Diabetes has become a global and serious health issues which causes a variety of complications. This study aims to explore the hypoglycemic effect of Crassostrea gigas polysaccharide (CGPS) and the dynamic changes in the endogenous small molecule metabolites of urine from normal group, model group and CGPS high dose group by metabolomic approach (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS). In our study, the CGPS treatment could reduce the fasting blood glucose levels and recover the triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and glycosylated serum protein (GSP) levels in serum of diabetic mice. Urine samples in normal group, model group and CGPS high dose group were dispersed in the PLS-DA score plots. Nineteen metabolites in urine such as l-carnitine, hippuric acid, pantothenate and ornithine were selected as potential therapeutic biomarkers and related metabolic pathways of CGPS for treating diabetes. They were mainly involved in amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism and purine metabolism. These data suggested that CGPS has antidiabetic activity and urine metabolites provided new understanding of CGPS for treating diabetes and its complications.

Two new methods of simulating Levy processes are presented in this paper. The first one is to simulate the small jump part of a Levy process by the classical rejection method, which can generate the exact sampling. The second is to simulate the Levy process by the compound Poisson process with corrected density at zero, it is efficient, robust, and can be used in multivariate setting.

A Ca(2+)-dependent GalNAc/Man-specific lectin (CSL) from Cyclina sinensis was isolated, and its stimulatory action was characterized in yeast. CSL showed a potent effect on the production of ethanol by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In this work, the changes in the protein expression profiles of S. cerevisiae after 24h of incubation with CSL were analyzed using label-free quantitative proteomics. A total of 1410 proteins were identified, but only 117 proteins showed significant differences in normalized volume (p

In this paper, a new algorithm about the self-similar exponent of self-similar processes is introduced which is used to explore long memory in financial time series. This method can work for more general broad-sense self-similar processes. We prove that this algorithm performs much better than the classical methods.

A lectin secreted from Andrias davidianus skin (ADL) was purified by affinity chromatography on porcine stomach mucin (type III) (PSM)-crosslinked albumin, followed by gel filtration on Sephadex G-100 and HPLC on TSK gel G3000PWXL. The purified lectin was found to be a dimeric protein, as revealed by SDS-PAGE and MALDI-TOF analysis. SDS-PAGE showed that the ADL protein had a molecular mass of 17 kDa. ADL produced an 8.5 kDa band when examined using SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions. ADL agglutinated native and trypsinized human B erythrocytes. The hemagglutination activity was inhibited by glycoproteins, such as PSM and asialo-PSM, but not by any of the monosaccharides tested. The activity was stable between 4 °C and 50 °C. Significant ADL activity was observed between pH 4–5. The lectin reaction did not depend on the presence of the divalent cation Ca2+ or Mg2+. The N-terminal ADL sequence was determined to be VGYTVGATPM. The lectin exhibited antibacterial activity, involving growth and respiration inhibition in Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Shewanella sp. Furthermore, ADL showed inhibition activity against the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. These findings suggest that ADL plays an important role in the innate immunity of A. davidianus on the body surface.

In this paper we study the non-existence of non-constant steady state (i.e., stationary pattern) for a Chemotaxis model with the volume-filling effect and logistic cell growth. We establish the critical value of the chemotactic coefficient between the existence and the non-existence of stationary pattern. The proofs mainly rely on the Maximum Principle, the Implicit Function Theorem and the Finite Covering Theorem. This work is a supplement and perfection of the known reference.

A lectin, Cyclina sinensis (Gmelin) (CSL), was isolated from hemolymph C. sinensis by ion-exchange on Cellulose DE52 and purified by gel filtration on Sephadex G-100 and HPLC on TSK gel G4000PW XL . SDS-PAGE showed that the CSL protein had a molecular mass of 72 kDa, had consisted of 40 and 18 kDa subunits. The lectin activity of CSL was Ca 2+ -denpendent. The total carbohydrate content of CSL was found to be 16.2%. According to the principle of β-elimination reaction, the oligosaccharide moiety and peptide moiety of CSL might belong to O -glucosidic linkage. CSL was found to agglutinate rabbit erythrocytes and yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae . The hemagglutination activity was inhibited by GalNAc and Man. CSL was observed to promote the yeast cells growth and ethanol production by yeast cells. The number of yeast and ethanol production increased with increasing concentration of CSL. In addition, the nitric oxide (NO) production increased as CSL concentration increased. The results indicate that CSL can be a potential yeast stimulator in fermentation process.

We prove the existence of the local time of the Ornstein–Uhlenbeck type process X = { X t , t ∈ R + } driven by a general Levy process. The conditions of the continuity in time variable t and the regularity property of the local time are given, under mild regularity conditions on the driving Levy process. These results give information about the local properties of sample functions of the process.

Let X = { X t , t ≥ 0 } be a Levy process, and γ 0 = sup { α ≥ 0 : lim inf a → 0 a − α E T ( a , 1 ) ∞ } , where T ( a , 1 ) = ∫ 0 1 I { | X t | ≤ a } d t . Taylor (1986) showed that the packing dimension of the trajectory of X is γ 0 . An open question from Pruitt and Taylor (1996) is: Is it true that γ 0 = inf { α ≥ 0 : a − α T ( a , 1 ) → ∞ a.s. as a → 0 } ? In this paper, we give some answers to this question.

In this paper, the Hausdorff dimension of the range for a Markov process of Ornstein–Uhlenbeck type { X ( t ) , t ∈ R + } on R is given. We also investigate the Hausdorff dimension of the process in R d case.

In order to understand the oxidation resistance of a 2D C/SiC composite protected with self-healing filler in the inter-bundle pores, SiB 4 particles as the filler were infiltrated into the inter-bundle pores of 2D C/SiC composite by slurry infiltration process. The SiB 4 particles were combined with SiC during the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) SiC coating process. Isothermal oxidation tests of the as-received modified composite were carried out in air at temperatures ranging from 500 to 1000 °C. SEM and EDS results showed that all the open inter-bundle pores of the C/SiC composite can be filled with SiB 4 particles. The SiB 4 filler can hinder the inwards diffusion of oxygen in air, and protect the carbon fibres and carbon interphase from oxidation. As a result, the modified composite lost weight slowly, and showed no obvious decrease in flexural strength at the temperatures of 500–900 °C for an oxidation time of 10 h.

In this paper we prove a global existence result for nonlinear Klein–Gordon equations with small data in infinite homogeneous waveguids, R2×M, where M=(M,g) is a Zoll manifold. The method is based on the normal forms, the eigenfunction expansion for M and the special distribution of eigenvalues of Laplace–Beltrami on Zoll manifold.