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Ethnopharmacological relevance Meadowsweet (Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim.) is a medicinal plant with a variety of therapeutic properties, traditionally used in various diseases including treatment and prevention of tumors. The aim of this study was to present an ethnomedicinal justification that a meadowsweet decoction is able to inhibit colorectal carcinogenesis induced by the methylnitrosourea (MNU) in rats. Materials and methods The chemical composition of meadowsweet extracts was studied by traditional methods. In animal experiments adult outbred female rats received four intrarectal instillations of MNU, one per week, at dose 4 mg in 0.5 ml saline (the total dose of MNU during the 4-week exposure was 16 mg/rat). After carcinogenic exposure one group (MNU) of rats continued to receive standard feed and tap water throughout life. In another group (MNU+meadowsweet), rats were given daily a decoction of the meadowsweet instead of drinking water and standard feed. Results Meadowsweet extracts showed a sufficiently high content of flavonoids and tannins and also some individual phenolic compounds and salicylic acid. In rats after administration of MNU the overall incidence of tumors was 91% with tumor multiplicity of 3.5. The majority of rats (86%) developed multiple tumors of large intestine (most often adenocarcinomas:88 from 107; index of multiplicity – 2.0). In rats from the group MNU+meadowsweet there was a statistically significant decrease of the overall tumor incidence and multiplicity–by 1.4 and 2.9 times, respectively, and the incidence and multiplicity of colon tumors – by 2.0 and 2.8 times, respectively; the incidence and multiplicity of malignant tumors of other localizations was also reduced–by 2.2 and 3.0 times, respectively. Conclusions Meadowsweet extract is an effective inhibitor of colorectal carcinogenesis in experiment, that provides support for the traditional use of this plant in the oncology.

The size and energy of domains inside the core of an amorphous Fe-based wire was estimated. The influence of magnetic field, coercitivities and lengths of the domain on the wire radius is confirmed. Domains consisting of a cylindrical part with cone-shaped domain tops exibit the lowest energy and greatest stability to a magnetic field.

For the first time the reduced-pressure plasma CVD technology was applied to fabrication of active silica optical fibers with all-depressed index structure. Using surface plasma CVD method, fiber preforms with an Er-doped silica core and fluorine doped silica cladding have been prepared and tested. A possibility of high performance active fiber fabrication using the SPCVD has been demonstrated. An influence of fluorine co-doping on luminescence features of Er 3+ ions in a silica host has been examined. The erbium concentration-associated clustering effects in pure silica host synthesized by the SPCVD were compared with those in germanosilicate host synthesized by the MCVD.

Background: Intraperitoneal (i.p.) chemotherapy in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis could be an more effective treatment strategy than intravenous (i.v.) chemotherapy. The purpose of the study is to compare antitumor activity of different drugs at their i.p. and i.v. administration in rats with peritoneal carcinomatosis. Metods: The study was carried out in 100 Wistar female rats with ovarian cancer which was inoculated intraperitoneally (i.p.) to simulate peritoneal carcinomatosis. Transplanted epithelial ovarian cancer strain used was originated from the rat subjected to transplacental administration of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene. After ovarian cancer inoculation rats were randomized in 10 groups, 10 rats in each group. There were five groups where saline (2 ml, i.p. control group) or the drugs (dioxadet 1.5 mg/kg, cisplatin 4mg/kg, melphalan 2 mg/kg, mitomycin C 1.5 mg/kg) were administered i.p. In other five groups saline (2 ml, i.v. control group) and the named above drugs at the same doses were administered i.v. Dioxadet is original Russian antineoplastic drug from the group of ethyleneimine alkylating agents. Antitumor effects of the treatment were estimated by increase in survival time (IST) comparing median survival time of rats in different groups. Results: IST for i.p. administration of dioxadet, cisplatin, melphalan and mitomycin C were 76.5% (p Conclusion: I.p. chemotherapy with alkylating agents dioxadet, cisplatin and melphalan is much more effective then their i.v. administration while antitumor antibiotic mitomycin C is more active at i.v. administration.