1. Development of a fast GC-response factor method to quantify total FAMEs in biodiesel from various fatty acid sources.
- Author
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Silva, Filipe L., Melo, Lucas N., Meneghetti, Simoni M.P., and Bortoluzzi, Janaína H.
- Subjects
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ALMOND , *SESAME , *FATTY acid methyl esters , *PALMS , *RENEWABLE energy sources , *FATTY acids , *ALTERNATIVE fuels , *GAS chromatography - Abstract
Biodiesel is a renewable energy source that can be employed as an alternative fuel to fossil diesel. Monitoring samples in terms of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) content using gas chromatography (GC) is a useful way to evaluate the quality of biodiesel produced. Fast GC can be used to reduce the time of analysis and consequently the costs, even though the equipment required for this may be expensive. Therefore, we developed and validated a Fast GC-response factor (Fast-GCRF) methodology using a low-priced nonpolar column, flame ionization detection (FID) and a standard chromatograph usually destined for conventional GC separations. The method was validated and applied to the quantification of FAMEs produced from various raw materials (soybean, cottonseed, canola, coconut, palm, sesame, sunflower, castor, corn, macauba, almond, peanut, chia seeds, residual frying oils, and chicken fat), being both selective and robust even when subjected to changes in sample preparation. The Fast GCRF method presented respective maximum relative standard deviation (RSD) values for instrumental precision, repeatability, and intermediate precision of 2.3 %, 3.6 %, and 2.8 %. When compared to conventional GC methodologies, accurate results with high degrees of agreement were obtained using the Fast-GCRF method, within an at least four times shorter analysis time. • Fast GC quantification of total biodiesel FAMEs produced from fifteen feedstocks. • Lower-cost instrumentation than usual fast GC FAMEs analysis. • Fast-GCRF proved to be accurate via recovery tests and method comparison. • Total analysis time at least four times shorter than the methods used as reference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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