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Keywords Risk; Radical uncertainty; Ambiguity; Funding; Novelty; Frontier research Highlights * Risk in science poorly understood, penalizing funding of risky research * Meaning and treatment of risk in different contexts explored * Model for characterizing risk in science outlined * Use of Subjective Expected Utility (SEU) approach in grant peer review proposed * Use stage, seed and block-funding for cases of ambiguity where SEU not appropriate Author Affiliation: (a) School of Management, Polytechnic University of Milan, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32, Milan 20123, Italy (b) Andrew Young School of Policy Studies, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA (c) National Bureau of Economic Research, NBER, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA * Corresponding author. (footnote)[white star] Acknowledgements: This work was supported by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation (G-2021-14189) and by the Novo Nordisk Foundation (NNF21SA0071711). Byline: Chiara Franzoni [chiara.franzoni@polimi.it] (a,*), Paula Stephan [pstephan@gsu.edu] (b,c)

ABSTRACT In the paper, the impact of paper production waste (primary sludge, or PS) on the properties of cement pastes and mortars is discussed upon. Some specimens were formed with [...]

ABSTRACT This paper reports the results of an exploratory experimental study to manufacture eco-friendly lightweight bricks through binary mix of paper mill sludge (PMS) and soil. The pre-manufacture activities include [...]

ABSTRACT The paper analyses the effect of waste sludge from paper industry (paper sludge) on physical and mechanical properties of clay bricks, their microstructure and resistance to freezing and thawing. [...]

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to investigate influence of calcination and cooling conditions on pozzolanic reactivity of waste paper sludge. Calcined paper sludge (CPS) is prepared by different [...]

Keywords IIoT; B2B; A-R-A model; System of Systems (SoS); Smart farming Highlights * Traditional representations of business networks may not be adapted in IIoT (Industrial Internet of Things) contexts. * In IIoT actors are not only humans or organizations. * In IIoT technologies are not necessarily resources. * A system of systems approach of business networks is introduced. * Impacts on new connections between actors, and value creation are discussed. Abstract In industrial business-to-business (B2B) markets, physical entities (such as products, machines, materials, or other objects) are increasingly connected among each other. This Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is quickly developing thanks to advances in fields such as information systems, factory digitalization, data sciences, robotics. Thus, industrial markets appear both as business networks - encompassing connections between individual or organizational actors -- and networks of connected things. The purpose of this research is to provide an integrative perspective that encompasses both types of networks. It seeks to contribute to the literature on industrial B2B markets in two ways. First, it proposes the system of systems (SoS) theory - which emphasizes diversity and autonomy of systems - as an integrative perspective. Second, it argues that this integrated perspective contributes to a new view on how resources are produced, combined, and used, and, therefore, on business network models. We discuss the implications for one of the most established models, the IMP Group's A-R-A model. Author Affiliation: (a) emlyon business school, 23, avenue Guy de Collongue, 69134 Ecully Cedex, France (b) Chair professor of marketing, Faculty of Social and Economic Sciences, Otto-Friedrich-University, Feldkirchenstrasse 21, 96045 Bamberg, Germany * Corresponding author. Article History: Received 10 March 2021; Revised 15 April 2022; Accepted 18 April 2022 (footnote)1 Throughout this work we will use the term 'business network' that has been used first by B2B scholars to refer to the networked nature of markets. We nevertheless acknowledge that the B2B literature is increasingly adopting the term 'business ecosystem' (adapted to business context from biology by Moore (1993)). Often these terms are used interchangeably. This is our position in this paper (see also ; ). Sometimes differences are emphasized. For an in-depth review of the use of both concepts of ecosystems and networks in the B2B marketing literature see ). Byline: Catherine Pardo [pardo@em-lyon.com] (a,*), Ruiqi Wei [wei@em-lyon.com] (a), Björn Sven Ivens [Bjoern.ivens@uni-bamberg.de] (b)

Keywords Metrics; Citations; Influence; Science; Status Highlights * More than half of citations to academic papers reflect little-to-no intellectual influence on the authors citing them. * Citations to already highly cited papers are 2--3 more likely to reflect substantial intellectual influence. * A key mechanism is citations change perceptions of quality: displaying low citation counts makes papers appear to be of lower quality. * Papers with poor perceived quality are read more superficially and discovered later in the projects. Abstract Although citations are widely used to measure the influence of scientific works, research shows that many citations serve rhetorical functions and reflect little-to-no influence on the citing authors. If highly cited papers disproportionately attract rhetorical citations then their citation counts may reflect rhetorical usefulness more than influence. Alternatively, researchers may perceive highly cited papers to be of higher quality and invest more effort into reading them, leading to disproportionately substantive citations. We test these arguments using data on 17,154 randomly sampled citations collected via surveys from 9,380 corresponding authors in 15 fields. We find that most citations (54%) had little-to-no influence on the citing authors. However, citations to the most highly cited papers were 2--3 times more likely to denote substantial influence. Experimental and correlational data show a key mechanism: displaying low citation counts lowers perceptions of a paper's quality, and papers with poor perceived quality are read more superficially. The results suggest that higher citation counts lead to more meaningful engagement from readers and, consequently, the most highly cited papers influence the research frontier much more than their raw citation counts imply. Author Affiliation: (a) University of Michigan School of Information, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA (b) Dept. of Philosophy, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA (c) Committee on Conceptual and Historical Studies of Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637 (d) Harvard Business School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02163, USA (e) Laboratory for Innovation Science at Harvard, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02163, USA (f) Institute for Quantitative Social Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA (g) Knowledge Lab, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA * Corresponding author. Article History: Received 14 August 2021; Revised 11 January 2022; Accepted 12 January 2022 Byline: Misha Teplitskiy [tepl@umich.edu] (a,e,*), Eamon Duede [eduede@uchicago.edu] (b,c,g), Michael Menietti [mmenietti@hbs.edu] (d,e), Karim R. Lakhani [klakhani@hbs.edu] (d,e,f)

ABSTRACT A sandwich structure consisting of perlite composite foam as core and Brown paper as skin is developed and its flexural behaviour is studied in relation with properties of constituents [...]

ABSTRACT A raw decorative paper was coated with a mixture of Ti[O.sub.2]-Si[O.sub.2] nanocomposite aerogel and melamine-formaldehyde resin to achieve dual functions, namely formaldehyde degradation and smoke suppression. The physical and [...]

ABSTRACT Sustainable recyclable paper and composite materials can be ideal choices for the construction of temporary structures for both exhibition spaces or for rapid-recovery shelters in emergency operations. The unique [...]

ABSTRACT Green liquor dregs wastes coming from pulp and paper production are currently disposed in landfills at a huge cost for industry and the environment. In this work, a novel [...]

ABSTRACT The use of paper-mill residuals in concrete formulations provides an alternative to landfill disposal. A response surface statistical methodology was carried out to model the influence on the slump [...]

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate some physical and mechanical properties of the paper mill (PMS) and spruce planer shaving added cement boards. Also the effect of [...]

ABSTRACT Due to increasing generation of solid wastes from papermaking industry, major concerns arise about the disposal of the solid wastes and their adverse impacts on environments, in which the [...]

ABSTRACT In the present work, unshredded waste newspaper based composites have been prepared in polyester resin matrix. Reinforcing material, waste newspaper is characterized by chemically, X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods, Fourier [...]

ABSTRACT This review compiles the main scientific and technical findings on the viability of using paper sludge waste as a supplementary cementitious material in the manufacture of future eco-efficient cements. [...]